CN104228167A - 可渗透水蒸气的防水的织物层合件和其生产方法 - Google Patents

可渗透水蒸气的防水的织物层合件和其生产方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104228167A
CN104228167A CN201410247939.8A CN201410247939A CN104228167A CN 104228167 A CN104228167 A CN 104228167A CN 201410247939 A CN201410247939 A CN 201410247939A CN 104228167 A CN104228167 A CN 104228167A
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web
diaphragm web
cloth webs
webs
cloth
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CN104228167B (zh
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U.古布勒
S.奥特
M.韦德
F.莱迈尔
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Leister Technologies AG
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Leister Technologies AG
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
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Abstract

本发明提供一种可渗透水蒸气防水的织物层合件（1），其包括由平面幅材材料制成的至少两个层(2a,2b)，至少两个层(2a,2b)安置成一个在另一个上并且结合到彼此上，其中包括聚合物纤维线（3）的开放布料幅材（4）形成顶叠层（5）并且薄膜状可渗透水蒸气防水的热塑性膜片幅材（6）形成底叠层（5a）。布料幅材（4）的聚合物纤维线（3）包括凸起的线区域（7），凸起的线区域（7）保持紧靠膜片幅材（6）/或与膜片幅材（6）部分地融合，其中膜片幅材（6）包括与凸起的线区域（7）的一体式融合区（8），根据本发明，在激光透射焊接方法中利用激光（10）生成一体式融合区（8）。

Description

可渗透水蒸气的防水的织物层合件和其生产方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种可渗透水蒸气的防水的织物层合件，包括由平面幅材材料制成的至少两个层，至少两个层安置成一在另一个顶上并且结合到彼此上，其中包括聚合物纤维线的开放布料幅材形成一种顶叠层并且一种薄膜状可渗透水蒸气的防水的热塑性膜片幅材形成底叠层，并且其中布料幅材的聚合物纤维线包括凸起的线区域，凸起的线区域保持紧靠在膜片幅材上/或与膜片幅材部分地融合。本发明还涉及一种用于产生这样织物层合件的方法。
背景技术
防雨和其它湿气影响的防护服预期通过防止水从外侧渗透到衣服内和通过允许为了调节体温而出汗所生成的汗水通过衣服从内侧向外侧扩散，而保持防护服的穿用者干燥。舒适的防风雨/耐候性衣服因此必须防水和透气（可渗透水蒸气）。然而，并非必需使空气渗透衣服；仅需要能输送源自汗水形成的水蒸气，从内侧到外侧（基于从内侧到外侧的水蒸气分压差），以便防止下面的衣服变潮。
为此目的，现已知并且通常利用防湿但可渗透水蒸气的织物复合材料（也就是说，织物层合件）来生产衣服，织物层合件包括至少两层，至少两层安置成一层在另一层顶部并且结合到彼此，包括织物布料幅材和薄膜状可渗透水蒸气的薄热塑性膜片幅材，其中布料幅材形成顶叠层并且膜片幅材形成底叠层。水蒸气渗透性可以由膜片中的微孔或者由在原本疏水性的薄膜中的亲水性微区域实现，水可以通过亲水性微区域扩散。疏水性薄膜也被称作闭孔或无孔的并且也是气密的，因为并无适当孔口存在于膜片中。这种防护服通常也包括整合的衬里作为第三层以保护膜片。
由透气防水织物层合件制成，用于底叠层的材料在全世界以多种已知的商标销售。这些是很薄的热塑性膜片薄膜，其仅具有很低的机械负荷耐受性，并且因此不能在无额外稳定化的情况下作为在织物顶叠层与衣物中的织物衬里之间的夹层来加工。这些极为柔性的膜片薄膜必须层合到更厚的柔软织物材料上，或者到织物顶叠层上，或者到织物衬里上，也就是说，必须通过形成规则或不规则图案的结合点或结合线而结合到它们。
从现有技术已知使用粘合点将透气膜片层合到织物布料上。常常通过向布料幅材上手动施加间隔开的热熔粘合点、和通过随后将布料幅材和膜片幅材压在一起（它们已经一个放置于另一个顶部上）而同时供应热以激活热熔粘合剂来将膜片幅材结合到布料幅材上。在粘合点所在的区域中，然后基本上阻挡膜片的透气性，并且膜片的Ret值显著地增加。为了减轻这种缺陷，DE 38 36 434 A1公开了一种用于产生所讨论类型的织物层合件的方法，其中，低粘性热熔粘合剂以很细液滴的形式喷洒到侧部之一上以结合用作织物幅材材料的布料幅材、或者薄膜状膜片幅材。因此膜片基本上在整个表面上结合到布料上。虽然以此方式实现了更小的热熔粘合点，并未显著地减小活性粘合剂表面。
为了在膜片幅材已与布料幅材结合之后提供更大的透气表面，从EP 0 163 269 A2已知一种用于将热塑性透气薄膜层合到纺织布料上以在纺织布料上生成平坦涂层的方法，其中，纺织布料纤维被涂布有一种在红外波长范围具有吸收性的材料。在两个层已经一个安置于另一个顶上之后，膜片薄膜和被涂布的纺织纤维布料向来自辐射源的红外辐射暴露直到纺织纤维布料的红外辐射吸收层加热薄膜到软化温度。薄膜仅在其与涂布的纤维相接触的区域中而不在薄膜覆盖纺织纤维布料的缝隙的区域中软化。为了将幅材结合到彼此，膜片薄膜和纺织纤维布料使用真空或压力作用而压靠到彼此上直到薄膜纺织布料复合物已冷却，而同时维持接触。因此凸起的纤维区域部分地熔化到膜片薄膜内。在此情况下，也实现了膜片幅材与布料幅材在基本上整个表面上的结合，由此，活性表面受到如与从DE 38 36 434 A1已知的喷洒方法类似的限制。
此外，公布的现有技术文献DE 102 11 782 A1、DE 38 06 761 A1和WO 96/19313 公开了一种用于激光透射焊接的特殊方法和/或用于利用这种提出的方法所产生的物体。
DE 102 11 782 A1公开了一种用于将一种过滤材料附连到保持器装置上的方法。过滤材料首先被放置到保持器装置上。之后，过滤材料利用压紧装置而被固定。然后导向一种激光束通过压紧装置和过滤材料，并且保持器装置在接合区中熔化。熔融物由此渗透过滤材料，并且随着该配置冷却，过滤材料变得与保持器装置联合。
DE 38 06 761 A1教导了一种脱氧剂包装/包裹，其具有袋型包装主体和包含于包装主体中的脱氧剂。包装主体的至少一部分由复合薄片制成，复合薄片包括透气层，诸如由纸或非纺织布料制成的层，和层合到透气层上并且结合到透气层的塑料薄膜。塑料薄膜具有通过使已经结合到透气层上的塑料薄膜经受使用激光束的辐照而形成的多个小孔隙。
WO 96/19313公开了一种用于在计划形成吸收性制品的部分的幅材中形成呈孔和/或槽或狭缝形式的孔口的方法，其中利用来自辐照源的至少一个聚焦电磁束或粒子束辐照所述幅材的表面中的至少一个和将形成孔口的幅材区域。选择束的性质和辐照时段的持续时间使得在这些区域中的材料接收充分的能量来熔化和/或汽化和/或热解和/或燃烧所述材料，其中基本上移除所得到的熔融和/或汽化和/或热解和/或燃烧的材料。
从上文所描述的现有技术出发，本发明的目的在于提供一种选项，在膜片幅材已结合到布料幅材上之后，其导致膜片幅材增加的活性表面。
发明内容
根据本发明，由具有权利要求1的特点的可渗透水蒸气的防水的织物层合件和由具有其它独立权利要求、权利要求5的特点的用于产生这种可渗透水的蒸气织物层合件的方法来实现这个目的。在其从属的相应权利要求中可以发现另外有利实施例。
因此根据本发明的织物层合件的膜片幅材包括用于布料幅材的聚合物纤维线的凸起的纤维区域的融合区，其使用激光透射焊接方法利用激光而形成，其中膜片幅材具有在4与100μm之间的厚度。
激光透射焊接方法是本身已知的。其通常通过焊接来用以结合可塑化的塑料零件。该方法特别适合于耐压和挠曲刚性零件，诸如板形或管状零件，其安置成重叠并且彼此直接接触。在此方法中，一个在另一个上延伸的零件通常压靠到彼此上并且通过激光束在焊接区域中焊接在一起。因此能将柔性幅材形塑料材料可靠地并且密封地焊接在一起，始于特定厚度。另人吃惊的是，发现了激光透射焊接方法也可以用来将柔性薄膜状塑料材料结合到包括聚合物纤维线的织物材料。但是，这需要特殊类型的压制技术和焊接参数的熟练选择。因此也能将极薄的膜片幅材，诸如可渗透水蒸气的膜片幅材（诸如用于透气防水衣服的用作可透气地设计的膜片的那些）层合到布料幅材。这是特别温和的方法，其中，布料幅材的纤维区域在激光的作用下并且通过施加压力而以局部方式与薄并且敏感的热塑性膜片幅材一体地融合，也就是说，它们焊接在一起。无论材料和制造类型如何，可以采用该方法，而不限于包括聚合物纤维线的所有类型的织物布料。新颖的方法特别适合于焊接布料幅材，如上文所规定，其包括从焊接观点而言可与至少一个膜片幅材相兼容的聚合物。通常，存在例如聚酯或聚氨酯聚合物。薄、极为柔性和机械上容易损坏的膜片幅材可以当安置于垫衬薄膜上时进行额外加工以更易于处置，倘若此薄膜由从焊接观点而言不与膜片幅材相兼容的材料制成。对激光透明的垫衬薄膜位于膜片幅材的侧部上，其背向布料幅材并且可以在膜片幅材通过激光已层合到布料幅材上之后能容易地拉下。这种织物层合件还可以被进一步加工以获得例如防风雨并且透气的衣物。
使用超声或其它常规焊接技术进行焊接由于机械相互作用而损坏薄膜片并且造成瑕疵，在这些瑕疵处，液态水可以从布料幅材开始渗透膜片。这利用激光透射焊接方法而被可靠地防止。
一般而言，也可能的是根据本发明的织物层合件具有三层设计。那么其包括一种具有聚合物纤维线的开放的布料幅材、薄膜状可渗透水蒸气的防水热塑性膜片幅材和另一防水热塑性薄膜幅材，另一防水热塑性薄膜幅材可以同样被设计为膜片。布料幅材优选地安置于膜片幅材与薄膜幅材之间，其中膜片幅材和薄膜幅材保持紧靠在布料幅材的聚合物纤维线的凸起的线区域和/或与其部分地融合。布料幅材形成顶叠层，可渗透水蒸气膜片层形成底叠层，并且额外薄膜幅材形成织物层合件的覆盖叠层。这种织物层合件还可以被进一步加工以用于例如冷垫应用，其中薄膜幅材同样为膜片幅材。在这样生产的冷垫中，两个透气膜片焊接到布料的顶部和底部，使得通过从饱和的布料蒸发水而实现了冷却效果，类似于人皮肤排汗期间发生的冷却效果。
根据本发明，膜片幅材仅焊接到布料幅材的凸起的线区域，其中融合区的数量、大小、形状和定位可以通过将束适当成形，导向所述束、遮蔽所述束或其它合适措施而任意选择。结合可以是连续的或不连续的。在本上下文中连续应被理解为表示平面结合，其中，布料幅材的基本上所有凸起的线区域与膜片幅材部分地融合，也就是说焊接到膜片幅材。在本发明的一实施例中，布料幅材和膜片幅材优选地不连续地结合到彼此。这表示根据本发明的织物层合件具有一定结合网格，其包括安置成彼此离一定距离的多个结合点和/或其由安置成离彼此一定距离、彼此平行延伸或者彼此相交的多个结合线组成和/或其由多个结合图案形成，多个结合图案被任意成形并且不连接，或者连接到彼此并且被任意成形。
膜片幅材可以使用激光透射焊接方法经由布料幅材被局部地加热并且直接和/或间接地熔化。为此目的，激光束替代地聚焦到膜片幅材上和/或布料幅材上，其中激光优选地导向于背向布料幅材的膜片幅材的平坦侧处并且其中膜片幅材和/或布料幅材可以包括吸收激光的染料。
在本发明的优选实施例中，膜片幅材具有小于20 m2Pa/W的水蒸气阻力Ret。
一般而言，根据本发明的织物层合件的布料幅材可以以纺织布料、针织布料、经编布料、交织产品、缝合产品、非纺织布料或毡的形式存在。本发明还包括彼此结合的层为已经预切的元件，这样的元件已从相对应的布料幅材和/或膜片幅材切断并且定位成一个在另一个顶部上对准。
根据本发明用于生产透气、防水的上述织物层合件的方法包括以下步骤：
·接合包括聚合物纤维线的布料幅材与可渗透水蒸气的薄膜状防水热塑性膜片幅材；
·将膜片幅材压靠在布料幅材上；
·将激光施加到膜片幅材；
·使用激光透射焊接方法通过加热布料幅材和/或膜片幅材来将膜片幅材连续地和/或不连续地结合到布料幅材上，其中向膜片幅材或向布料幅材施加激光根据布料幅材和/或膜片幅材是否包括吸收激光的染料而发生，直到膜片幅材已变得塑化，并且将布料幅材的聚合物纤维线的凸起的线区域压靠在膜片幅材上，或者将膜片幅材压靠在布料幅材的聚合物纤维线的凸起的线区域上，在膜片幅材与布料幅材之间形成一体式融合区；以及在维持接触压力的同时冷却膜片幅材和布料幅材。
在本发明的优选实施例中，膜片幅材优选地通过施加压力而压靠在介于两个板或旋转辊之间的布料幅材上，其中与膜片幅材相关联的板或辊是对激光透明的。使用机械压力器件，在支承板与压板之间，或者在支承辊与压辊之间，执行将膜片幅材压靠在布料幅材上，其中布料幅材抵靠支承表面或支承辊安放，而膜片幅材抵靠压板或压辊安放。由于被设计成对激光透明的压板或压辊的结果，优选地使用激光透射焊接方法来将激光施加到膜片幅材和/或布料幅材上。
作为一替代，在本发明的另一实施例中，膜片幅材优选地通过施加吸力而压靠到固定板或旋转辊上的布料幅材上，其中与布料幅材相关联的板或辊包括用于膜片幅材的多个抽吸孔。使用抽吸器件，在支承板或支承辊上执行将膜片幅材压靠到布料幅材上，抽吸器件操作性地连接到抽吸孔，其中布料幅材抵靠支承板或支承辊安放，而膜片幅材抵靠布料幅材安放。负压通过布料幅材施加到膜片幅材上，使得通过作用于背向布料幅材的平坦侧上的大气压力来将膜片幅材压靠到布料幅材上，布料幅材抵靠支承板或支承辊而受支承。
否则，也可以通过向板或旋转辊上的膜片幅材施加吹气作用而有利地将膜片幅材压靠到布料幅材上。膜片幅材被压靠到支承板或支承辊上的布料幅材上，其中利用吹气器件，布料幅材抵靠支承板或支承辊安放，而膜片幅材抵靠布料幅材安放，吹气器件安置成与支承板或支承辊相对着。至少一个压缩空气射流（冷或预热的）源于吹气器件，射流向位于吹气器件与支承板或支承辊之间的膜片幅材处导向。由于使用压缩空气施加吹气作用的结果，膜片幅材在支承板或支承辊的方向上压靠到其上所支承着的布料幅材上。
在本发明的优选实施例中，通过向膜片幅材施加拉伸作用，膜片幅材压靠在旋转支承辊上的布料幅材上。由张力辊来实现施加拉伸作用，张力辊安置成与支承辊相对着使得张力辊张紧所述膜片幅材并且也抵靠接触压辊牵拉它，布料幅材抵靠压力压辊安放。源自与支承辊相对安置的激光源的激光直接对准膜片幅材。本教导内容还包括这种配置的物理相反情况，其中，膜片幅材抵靠支承辊安放，并且布料幅材通过施加适当拉伸作用而抵靠膜片幅材受牵拉，使得布料幅材和膜片幅材抵靠支承辊支承。在此情况下，激光通过支承辊导向于膜片幅材处，膜片幅材于是当然必须被设计成对激光透明。
为了通过施加吸力将膜片幅材压靠到布料幅材上，补偿板优选地安置于膜片幅材上，与支承板相对，或者补偿幅材与膜片幅材合并，与支承辊相对，其中补偿板或补偿幅材的挠曲刚性显著大于膜片幅材并且对激光透明。在膜片幅材上的补偿板或补偿幅材均匀地分布作用于背向布料幅材的平坦侧上的大气压力并且防止膜片幅材在布料幅材的聚合物纤维线的凸起的线区域之间变得以凹陷形状变形。
为了通过施加吹气作用而将膜片幅材压靠在布料幅材上，补偿板优选地同样安置于膜片幅材上，与支承板相对，或者补偿幅材与膜片幅材合并，与支承辊相对，其中补偿板或者补偿幅材的挠曲刚性显著地大于膜片幅材并且对激光透明。在膜片幅材上补偿板或补偿幅材均匀地分布了作用于背向布料幅材的平坦侧上的压缩空气的吹气压力并且防止膜片幅材在布料幅材的聚合物纤维线的凸起的线区域之间变得以凹陷形状变形。
一般而言，本发明还包括上文所描述的措施的物理相反情况，至少通过施加吹气作用而将膜片幅材压靠在布料幅材上。膜片幅材因此也可以直接安放于接触板上或者可以直接抵靠旋转接触辊而受支承，其中，然后，在背向膜片幅材的布料幅材的平坦侧上，在任何情况下，补偿板必须安置在膜片幅材上，与支承板相对，或者补偿幅材必须与膜片幅材合并，与支承辊相对，以便将开放布料幅材压靠到膜片幅材上。当然，接触板或接触辊然后被设计成对激光透明以便能向膜片幅材施加激光。
根据本发明，所提出的用于膜片幅材和布料幅材的新颖结合方法优选地用来将布料幅材和膜片幅材不连续地结合到彼此。为此目的，在膜片幅材已压靠在布料幅材上之后，或者相反，通过荫罩，一种衍射光学元件或激光扫描仪，在激光透射焊接方法期间生成融合区。为此目的，用于将膜片幅材结合到布料幅材的点或线图案被投射到膜片幅材和布料幅材上，图案具有极精细的值。膜片幅材的透气表面因此显著地增加，从而确保了在膜片幅材与布料幅材之间的可靠和永久结合。
附图说明
在下文中将基于在附图中示出的若干示例性实施例更详细地描述本发明。结合权利要求和附图，从本发明的示例性实施例的下文的描述，本发明的额外特点将会显然。在本发明的不同实施例中，可以单独地实施个别特点或者一起实施几个特点。在附图中：
图1示出了根据本发明的织物层合件的放大截面图，包括层合到布料幅材上的膜片幅材；
图2示出了执行用于将膜片幅材结合到布料幅材上，形成根据图1的本发明的织物层合件的根据本发明激光透射焊接的配置的表示图；
图3示出了使用荫罩（图3a）、衍射光学元件（图3b）和激光扫描仪（图3c）利用图2所示的方法用于将膜片幅材不连续地结合到布料幅材上的不同结构化类型；
图4示出了用于将膜片幅材结合到布料幅材上的根据本发明的激光透射焊接方法，其中通过结合一种接触板而向膜片幅材施加机械压力（图4a）、施加吸力（图4b）和施加吹气作用（图4c），将膜片幅材压靠到布料幅材上；
图5示出了用于将膜片幅材结合到布料幅材上的激光透射焊接方法，其中通过结合一种旋转接触辊，向膜片幅材施加机械压力（图5b）、施加吸力（图5b）和施加吹气作用（图5c）将膜片幅材压靠到布料幅材上；以及
图6示出了用于将膜片幅材结合到布料幅材上的激光透射焊接方法，其中，通过抵靠一种旋转接触辊张紧布料幅材和膜片幅材来将膜片幅材压靠在布料幅材上。
具体实施方式
图1示出了优选地计划用于进一步加工以获得防风雨布的衣物的可渗透水蒸气的防水的织物层合件1，包括由平面幅材材料制成的两个层2a、2b，两个层2a、2b一个安置于另一个顶部上并且结合到彼此上，其中包括聚合物纤维线3的开放布料幅材4形成顶叠层5并且薄膜状可渗透水蒸气的防水的热塑性膜片幅材6形成底叠层5a。布料幅材4的聚合物纤维线3包括凸起的线区域7，凸起的线区域7保持紧靠在膜片幅材6上和/或与膜片幅材6部分地一体地融合。膜片幅材6包括在激光透射焊接方法期间生成的用于凸起的线区域7的融合区8。布料幅材4以纺织布料、针织布料、经编布料、交织产品、缝合产品、非纺织布料或毡的方式而被生产。结合到布料幅材4的膜片幅材6具有小于20 m2Pa/W的水蒸气阻力Ret和在4μm与100μm之间的厚度。布料幅材4和/或膜片幅材6具备吸收激光的染料，在附图中并未示出染料。
图2示出了根据本发明用于将膜片幅材6结合到布料4上，形成根据本发明的织物层合件1的激光透射焊接方法的配置的表示图。布料幅材4为针织产品，诸如针织布料。布料幅材4包括聚合物纤维线3，聚合物纤维线3形成环9。其以延伸和平面方式安置并且承载膜片幅材6。膜片幅材6抵靠形成环9的聚合物纤维线3的凸起的线区域7安放，在膜片幅材6在融合区8处由于激光透射焊接方法而局部塑化之后，当膜片幅材6压靠到布料幅材4上时，环9与膜片幅材6部分地局部融合。激光10被施加到膜片幅材6以便使之塑化。发出激光的激光源在附图中并未示出。
图3示出了利用激光透射焊接方法，以可限定的网格将膜片幅材6不连续地结合到布料幅材4的不同结构化类型，激光透射焊接方法在图2中仅代表性地示出。根据图3a，根据本发明的织物层合件1由荫罩11结构化，荫罩11以预定网格来局部地遮蔽膜片幅材6。形成了聚合物纤维线3与膜片幅材6的融合区8，其中荫罩11允许激光10通过。图3b示出了利用衍射光学元件12（DOE）结构化根据本发明的织物层合件1，衍射光学元件12（DOE）类似于荫罩11，在膜片幅材6上生成同时图案。由于DOE 12结果，激光10经历局部相移，局部相移导致融合区8的图案，融合区8的图案由在膜片幅材6上投射的DOE 12确定。图3c示出了利用激光扫描仪13对织物层合件1进行相对应结构化，激光扫描仪以一道工序生成相对应的所希望的图案。图3a至图3c仅象征性地示出激光10，省略了发出激光10的激光源的描绘。荫罩、衍射光学元件和激光扫描仪的功能、设计、使用和操作模式已经在关于激光透射焊接方法的现有技术多种公告中公开，激光透射焊接方法是本身已知的并且因此是本领域技术人员公知的知识，因此无需在此处更详细地描述它们。
图4更详细地示出了用于将膜片幅材6连续地结合到布料幅材4上的根据本发明的激光透射焊接方法。图4a、图4b、图4c示出了在激光透射焊接方法中用于将膜片幅材6压靠在布料幅材4上的三种基本不同的可能变型。在所有三种图示中，布料幅材4抵靠支承板14安放。膜片幅材6在每种情况下安置于布料幅材4上并且通过在根据图4a的变型中施加机械压力，在根据图4b的变型中施加吸力和在根据图4c的变型中施加吹气作用而压靠在布料幅材4上。
利用压板15执行机械压力施加，压板15放置于膜片幅材6上并且其被配制成具有压力器件15a。压板15对激光10透明，从而使得激光10可以通过压板10导向于膜片幅材6处。向膜片幅材6施加吸力利用抽吸器件16执行，抽吸器件16与抽吸孔16a连通，其中的多个形成于支承板14中。膜片幅材6经由抽吸孔16a在支承板14的方向上受吸引并且因此压靠到布料幅材4上。向膜片幅材6施加吹气作用由吹气器件17执行，吹气器件17安置成与支承板14相对，离膜片幅材6一定距离并且其将膜片幅材6压靠在布料幅材4上。为了防止膜片幅材6变得变形，对激光10透明的额外补偿板18安置于膜片幅材6上。这个板将膜片幅材6均匀地压靠在布料幅材4和支承板14上。
图5示出用于将膜片幅材6压靠到布料幅材4上的图4所示的实施例的技术修改。基本构思保持不变，但在图5a至图5c所示的实施例变型中，支承板14大体上被旋转支承辊19替换。在辊上的线性接触可以通过使用辊表面的柔软弹性材料或者通过以在辊上非平面的方式而非弯曲的方式引导安放于其上的布料幅材4和膜片幅材6而增加。布料幅材4和膜片幅材6的曲率取决于接触辊19的直径。此外，压板15由相对应设计的压辊20替换，并且补偿板18由补偿幅材18a替换。
图6示出了结合着旋转支承辊19，用于将膜片幅材6压靠在布料幅材4上的另一选项，其中不需要压辊20。因此布料幅材4抵靠支承辊19安放并且膜片幅材6抵靠布料幅材4安放。布料幅材4以及膜片幅材6抵靠支承辊19张紧。为此目的，提供相对应的张力辊21，张力辊21结合特殊安置的引导辊22，在支承辊19的方向上牵拉膜片幅材6。预先张紧的膜片幅材6在支承辊19的方向上抵靠布料幅材4受支撑并且将布料幅材4压靠在支承辊19上。

Claims (12)

1.一种可渗透水蒸气的防水的织物层合件（1），包括：由平面幅材材料制成的至少两层(2a, 2b)，所述至少两层(2a, 2b)安置成一个在另一个顶上并且结合到彼此上；开放布料幅材（4），其包括聚合物纤维线（3），其形成顶叠层（5）；以及，薄膜状可渗透水蒸气的防水的热塑性膜片幅材（6），其形成底叠层（5a）；以及所述布料幅材（4）的所述聚合物纤维线（3）包括凸起的线区域（7），所述凸起的线区域（7）保持紧靠所述膜片幅材（6）上和/或与所述膜片幅材（6）部分地融合，其特征在于，所述膜片幅材（6）具有在4μm与100μm之间的厚度并且包括与所述布料幅材（4）的所述凸起的线区域 （7）的一体式融合区（8），所述一体式融合区（8）形成在所述布料幅材（4）与所述膜片幅材（6）之间连续和/或不连续的结合，其中在所述连续结合的情况下，形成平面广泛结合，其中所述布料幅材（4）的基本上全部凸起的线区域（7）与所述膜片幅材（6）部分地融合，并且其中在所述不连续结合的情况下，存在限定的结合网格，其中安置成点和/或线图案的所述布料幅材（4）的凸起的线区域 （7）与所述膜片幅材（6）局部地部分地融合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的织物层合件，其特征在于，所述布料幅材（4）和/或所述膜片幅材（6）包括吸收激光（10）的染料。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的织物层合件，其特征在于，所述布料幅材（4）和所述膜片幅材（6）不连续地结合到彼此。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的织物层合件，其特征在于，所述膜片幅材（6）具有小于20 m2Pa/W的水蒸气阻力Ret。
5.一种用于产生根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的透气防水织物层合件（1）的方法，包括以下步骤：
·接合包括聚合物纤维线（3）的开放布料幅材（4）与薄膜状可渗透水蒸气的防水热塑性膜片幅材（6）；
·将所述膜片幅材（6）压靠在所述布料幅材（4）上；
·将激光（10）施加到所述膜片幅材（6）；
·使用激光透射焊接方法通过加热所述布料幅材（4）和/或所述膜片幅材（6）来将所述膜片幅材（6）连续地和/或不连续地结合到所述布料幅材（4）上，其中向所述膜片幅材（6）或所述布料幅材（4）施加激光取决于所述布料幅材（4）和/或所述膜片幅材（6）是否包括吸收激光（10）的染料，直到所述膜片幅材（6）变得塑化，并且通过将所述布料幅材（4）和所述膜片幅材（6）压靠到彼此上在所述膜片幅材（6）与所述布料幅材（4）之间形成一体式融合区（8），将所述布料幅材（4）的所述聚合物纤维纤维线（3）的所述凸起的线区域（7）压靠在所述膜片幅材（6）上；以及
·在维持所述压制作用时冷却所述膜片幅材（6）和所述布料幅材（4）。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述膜片幅材（6）通过施加机械压力在支承板（14）与压板（15）之间或者在旋转支承辊（19）与旋转压辊（20）之间压靠到所述布料幅材（4）上，其中所述布料幅材（4）抵靠所述支承板（14）或所述支承辊（19）安放，并且所述膜片幅材（6）抵靠所述压板（15）或所述压辊（20）安放，并且所述压板（15）或所述压辊（20）设计成对激光（10）透明。
7.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述膜片幅材（6）通过施加吸力压靠在所述固定支承板（14）或所述旋转支承辊（19）上的布料幅材（4）上，其中所述布料幅材（4）抵靠支承板（14）或支承辊（19）安放，并且所述膜片幅材（6）抵靠所述布料幅材（4）安放，并且所述支承板（14）或者所述支承辊（19）包括用于所述膜片幅材（6）的多个抽吸孔（16a）。
8.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，通过向所述膜片幅材（6）施加吹气作用而将所述膜片幅材（6）压靠在支承板（14）或者旋转支承辊（19）上所述布料幅材（4）上，其中所述布料幅材（4）抵靠所述支承辊（19）安放。
9.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，通过向所述膜片幅材（6）施加拉伸作用，所述膜片幅材（6）压靠在旋转支承辊（19）上的所述布料幅材（4）上。
10.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，补偿板（18）安置于所述膜片幅材（6）上，与所述支承板（14）相对，或者补偿幅材（18a）与所述膜片幅材（6）接合，与所述支承辊（19）相对，以便将所述膜片幅材（6）压靠到所述布料幅材（4）上，其中所述补偿板（18）或所述补偿幅材（18a）的挠曲刚性大于所述膜片幅材（6）并且对所述激光（10）透明。
11.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，补偿板（18）安置于所述膜片幅材（6）上，与所述支承板（14）相对，或者补偿幅材（18a）与所述膜片幅材（6）接合，与所述支承辊（19）相对，以便将所述膜片幅材（6）压靠到所述布料幅材（4）上，其中所述补偿幅材（18a）挠曲刚性大于所述膜片幅材（6）并且对所述激光（10）透明。
12.根据权利要求6至11中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述膜片幅材（6）已压靠在所述布料幅材（4）上之后，在所述激光透射焊接方法中所述融合区（8）的位置由荫罩（11）、衍射光学元件（12）或者激光扫描仪（13）确定。
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