CN104212462B - 取向膜及其制备方法、液晶显示装置 - Google Patents

取向膜及其制备方法、液晶显示装置 Download PDF

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CN104212462B
CN104212462B CN201310215295.XA CN201310215295A CN104212462B CN 104212462 B CN104212462 B CN 104212462B CN 201310215295 A CN201310215295 A CN 201310215295A CN 104212462 B CN104212462 B CN 104212462B
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肖昂
汪姗姗
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Beijing BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种取向膜及其制备方法、液晶显示装置。本发明公开的取向膜为取向后的聚酰亚胺膜。取向膜的制备方法包括：将桥连二苯二胺加入到N-甲基吡咯烷酮中，再加入1，4，5，8-萘四甲酸二酐进行反应，过滤反应液得到液体状聚酰胺酸；将所述液体状聚酰胺酸溶解于N-甲基吡咯烷酮，得到一溶液，将所述溶液涂覆到基板表面并加热，得到聚酰亚胺膜；再通过取向工艺得到取向膜；其中，聚酰亚胺的结构式如式-4所示：式-4，其中，R为强吸电子基团，R1和R2各自独立地为甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基或异丙氧基。本发明的聚酰亚胺膜具有较好的光学透射率。

Description

取向膜及其制备方法、液晶显示装置
技术领域
本发明涉及显示领域，尤其涉及一种取向膜及其制备方法、液晶显示装置。
背景技术
在制作薄膜晶体管液晶显示器(TFT-LCD，ThinFilmTransistorLiquidCrystalDisplay)时，通常使用取向膜(即取向后的聚酰亚胺膜)来使液晶分子在膜表面达到均一定向的排列，从而实现液晶分子的定向排列。由于光在透过聚酰亚胺膜时会被聚酰亚胺膜部分吸收，因此高透射率的聚酰亚胺膜对于制作低功耗和高对比度的液晶显示面板有着非常重要的作用。
下面示出了一种传统聚酰亚胺膜：
(式-A)；
其中，Ar可以为苯基、萘基、二苯酮基、二苯甲烷基、二苯醚基或二苯磺酰基等。该传统聚酰亚胺膜的光学透射率一般在70％～75％左右。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的主要目的在于提供一种取向膜及其制备方法、液晶显示装置，其中，该取向膜具有较好的光学透射率。
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种取向膜，所述取向膜由聚酰亚胺构成，所述聚酰亚胺的结构式如式-4所示：
式-4，
其中，R为强吸电子基团，R1和R2各自独立地为甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基或异丙氧基。
可选地，所述R为S、O、SO2、CCl2或CF2。
可选地，所述聚酰亚胺是由式-1所示的1，4，5，8-萘四甲酸二酐与式-2所示的桥连二苯二胺反应得到的，
一种取向膜的制备方法，包括：
步骤F1：将式-2所示的桥连二苯二胺加入到N-甲基吡咯烷酮中，再加入式-1所示的1，4，5，8-萘四甲酸二酐进行反应，过滤反应液得到液体状聚酰胺酸，
所述式-2中的R为强吸电子基团，R1和R2各自独立地为甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基或异丙氧基；
步骤F2：将所述液体状聚酰胺酸溶解于N-甲基吡咯烷酮，得到一溶液，将所述溶液涂覆到基板表面并加热，得到聚酰亚胺膜；
步骤F3：通过取向工艺对所述聚酰亚胺膜进行取向，得到取向膜；
其中，聚酰亚胺的结构式如式-4所示：
式-4。
可选地，所述R为S、O、SO2、CCl2或CF2。
可选地，所述步骤F1均在室温下进行反应。
可选地，所述步骤F2中的加热过程包括：先在90-100℃下加热3-6min，再在220-250℃加热40-80min。
可选地，所述步骤F3中的取向工艺为摩擦取向工艺。
一种液晶显示装置，所述液晶显示装置的阵列基板或彩膜基板上具有如上述任一方案中所述的取向膜。
由以上技术方案可以看出，本发明聚酰亚胺的结构中，二胺中的桥键R为强吸电子基团，所以能够减少二胺芳香环上C-H键长，从而减少C-H的谐波振动吸收，最终减少聚酰亚胺膜对光的吸收率，提高聚酰亚胺膜的光学透射率。
具体实施方式
本发明的聚酰亚胺膜由聚酰亚胺构成，所述聚酰亚胺由式-1所示的1，4，5，8-萘四甲酸二酐与式-2所示的桥连二苯二胺聚合生成：
式-2所示的桥连二苯二胺中，R可以为S、O、SO2、CCl2或CF2等强吸电子基团；R1可以为甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基；R2可以为甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基。
本发明取向膜的制备方法，包括：
步骤1：将桥连二苯二胺加入到N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)中，再加入1，4，5，8-萘四甲酸二酐进行反应，过滤反应液得到液体状聚酰胺酸；
步骤2：将所述液体状聚酰胺酸溶解于NMP，得到一溶液，将所述溶液涂覆到基板表面并加热，得到聚酰亚胺膜。之后，对聚酰亚胺膜实施取向工艺，得到取向后的聚酰亚胺膜，即取向膜。其中，所采用的取向工艺可以是本领域中常用的取向工艺，如摩擦取向工艺，将聚酰亚胺膜在高速旋转的摩擦辊的作用下沿摩擦方向取向。
其中，反应原料桥连二苯二胺与1，4，5，8-萘四甲酸二酐的理想化摩尔比是1∶1，但实际操作中可以将其中之一过量，如两者的比例为1∶1-1∶1.1，或1∶1-1.1∶1。
实施例
根据上述取向膜的制备方法本发明实施例的具体步骤如下：
步骤S1：在室温下，将0.05mol的桥连二苯二胺加入到200ml干燥的N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)溶剂中，在充分搅拌的状态下向其中缓慢加入0.05mol的1，4，5，8-萘四甲酸二酐，搅拌24小时后静置并过滤，得到液体状聚酰胺酸。该液体状聚酰胺酸的数均分子量为4000-6000，结构式以及IR光谱数据如下所示：
(式-3)；
IR(KBr)：1660cm-1，1720cm-1，3260-3270cm-1。
作为一个例子，桥连二苯二胺可以为3，3’-二甲基-4，4’-二氨基二苯亚砜，即式-2中的R为SO2，R1和R2均为甲基。应当理解，R、R1和R2为本发明所列其他基团的桥连二苯二胺也可以用来制备本发明的聚酰亚胺膜。
步骤S2：将步骤1得到的液体状聚酰胺酸溶解于N-甲基吡咯烷酮中，得到澄清液，将得到的澄清液均匀地涂覆到透明玻璃基板表面，使其膜厚约为100nm，在100℃下加热5min，去除部分残留溶剂(即N-甲基吡咯烷酮)，然后在250℃下加热1hr，完全固化后，得到聚酰亚胺膜。该聚酰亚胺的数均分子量为4000～6000，且聚酰亚胺的结构式及IR光谱数据如下所示：
(式-4)；
IR(KBr)：1360-1370cm-1。
其中，初步加热时的温度可以为90-110℃，且加热时间可以为3-6min，目的是去除少部分溶剂(即N-甲基吡咯烷酮)，使得聚酰亚胺(PI)膜表面平整。后续加热时的温度可以为220-250℃，且加热时间可以为40-80min，只要该加热能完全去除溶剂并形成聚酰亚胺膜。之后，对聚酰亚胺膜实施本领域常用的取向工艺，得到取向后的聚酰亚胺膜。
通过上述制备方法制备实施例1-15，然后用EZ-COM光学测量系统测量这些实施例以及比较例在不同波长下的光学透射率，结果示于表1中。
比较例的结构如背景技术中的式-A所示，其中，Ar为萘基。
表1本发明实例1-15以及比较例的光学透射率
由表1显示的测量结果可知，各波长下本发明聚酰亚胺膜的光学透射率比比较例的光学透射率高约7％-16％。
本发明聚酰亚胺膜具有比较好的光学透射率的原因是：聚酰亚胺膜的光吸收率主要取决于聚酰亚胺膜结构中的C-H键密度和二胺中的桥键R作用，当R为强吸电子基团时会减少二胺芳香环上C-H键长，从而减少C-H的谐波振动吸收，最终减少膜对光的吸收率，提高膜的光学透射率。
本发明实施例还提供了一种液晶显示装置，该液晶显示装置的阵列基板或彩膜基板上具有如前所述的取向膜，也即取向后的所述聚酰亚胺膜。
其中，聚酰亚胺由前面所述的方法制得。
以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种取向膜，所述取向膜由聚酰亚胺构成，其特征在于，所述聚酰亚胺的结构式如式-4所示：
其中，R为SO2、CCl2或CF2；R1和R2各自独立地为甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基或异丙氧基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的取向膜，其特征在于，所述聚酰亚胺是由式-1所示的1,4,5,8-萘四甲酸二酐与式-2所示的桥连二苯二胺反应得到的，
3.一种取向膜的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：
步骤F1：将式-2所示的桥连二苯二胺加入到N-甲基吡咯烷酮中，再加入式-1所示的1,4,5,8-萘四甲酸二酐进行反应，过滤反应液得到液体状聚酰胺酸，
所述式-2中的R为SO2、CCl2或CF2；R1和R2各自独立地为甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基或异丙氧基；
步骤F2：将所述液体状聚酰胺酸溶解于N-甲基吡咯烷酮，得到一溶液，将所述溶液涂覆到基板表面并加热，得到聚酰亚胺膜；
步骤F3：通过取向工艺对所述聚酰亚胺膜进行取向，得到取向膜；
其中，聚酰亚胺的结构式如式-4所示：
4.根据权利要求3所述取向膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤F1均在室温下进行反应。
5.根据权利要求3所述取向膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤F2中的加热过程包括：先在90-100℃下加热3-6min，再在220-250℃加热40-80min。
6.根据权利要求3所述取向膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤F3中的取向工艺为摩擦取向工艺。
7.一种液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述液晶显示装置的阵列基板或彩膜基板上具有权利要求1或2所述的取向膜。
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