CN104207285A - 一种益脾健胃功能性保健醋饮料及其生产工艺 - Google Patents
一种益脾健胃功能性保健醋饮料及其生产工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了以芋头、山药、山楂等药食同源中草药为原料的功能性保健醋饮料,该饮料产品具有生津止渴、益脾健胃等功效,能够满足人们追求口感、营养、保健等多层次要求。优势在于:一是采用固态、液态发酵共存发酵工艺,糅合了固态发酵风味好和液态发酵产量高、生产周期短、劳动强度低、商品性状好的优点;二是产品发酵过程中未进行固液分离,延长了中草药活性成分的浸出时间,并且通过微生物的发酵作用加速了活性成分的浸出;三是原料中含有甜叶菊,是一种良好的天然甜味剂,并具有降血糖功效,产品适于糖尿病患者饮用;四是生产工艺中没有中草药浸提工艺,降低了生产成本,便于工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种以芋头、山药、山楂等药食同源中草药为主要原料具有益脾健胃功效的功能性保健醋饮料饮料,属于食品加工技术领域。
背景技术
醋饮料作为一种功能性饮品,在上个世纪70年代开始悄然崛起,并得到了迅速的发展,是“第六代黄金饮品”,在国外,特别是欧美、日本等发达国家,醋饮料作为一种营养保健型饮品,早已得到广大消费者的认可和青睐。我国自古代就认识到了果醋饮料的保健功效,明清时李时珍的《本草纲目》和王士维的“随息居饮食谱”都有论述。据中外学者研究发现,采用现代生物工程技术酿造的果醋及果醋饮料,营养成分丰富,内含十种以上的有机酸,有效地维持人体的酸碱平衡、清除体内垃圾、调节体内代谢、具有很强的防癌抗癌作用;预防高血压、高血脂、脑血栓、动脉硬化等多种疾病;促进血液循环、增强钙质的吸收、提高人体的免疫功能、延缓衰老、消除肌体疲劳、开胃消食、解酒保肝、防杀菌等功效。其各类果醋成品果香浓郁,醋香纯正,酸甜可口,品质越高,医用价值越高,是其它饮料无法比拟无可替代的,是集营养食疗保健为一体的新型饮品。
随着社会的不断发展和物质生活水平的提高,人们对食醋的营养、口感、风味等提出了一系列新的要求。在现代人的眼里,醋饮料不单被看作是一种传统的饮品,更重要的是注重它的保健功能作用。目前肥胖症、高血压、高血脂、冠心病、糖尿病、结肠癌等已成为危害我国人民健康的主要疾病,适于饮料性能的“保健醋饮料”意义更显重要。
我国传统固态制醋法果醋风味好,但产量低、生产周期长、劳动强度大、原料利用率低;液态发酵法果醋产量高、生产周期短、劳动强度低、产品卫生好、但产品风味差。特别是在果醋饮料生产中多采用浸提后发酵的液态生产工艺,功能活性成分浸出率低,制约了醋饮料的保健功效,风味较差;甚至有的果醋饮料生产中采用勾兑工艺。开发出保健功效好、原料利用度高、风味好、生产周期短、适于工业化生产的果醋饮料生产工艺成为果醋饮料发展的重点。
发明内容
本发明提供一种以芋头、山药、山楂等药食同源中草药为原料的功能性保健醋饮料及其生产工艺,该饮料产品具有生津止渴、益脾健胃等功效,是一种功效性好、口感佳、商品性状好的功能性保健醋饮料,以满足人们追求口感、营养、保健等多层次要求。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案如下:
一种益脾健胃功能性保健醋饮料,其特征在于,选用的中草药原料及质量比为:山药25~35份、山楂17~23份、芋头15~25份、甜叶菊10~20份、薏苡仁8~12份、党参4~6份。
针对固态制醋法产量低、生产周期长、劳动强度大、原料利用率低和液态发酵法产品风味差的技术弊端,本发明提供一种益脾健胃功能性保健醋饮料生产工艺,其特征在于固态、液态发酵共存发酵工艺。具体包括以下步骤:
(1)备料:按照上述比例备料,去除生虫原料;
(2)原料预处理:根据原料的不同特性分别进行原料预处理:
山药:将清洗后的山药去皮,采用先90℃烫漂2~3min后加入0.02%亚硫酸钠溶液中浸泡lh进行护色处理,加入2~3倍水打浆,加入1.5~2%的α-淀粉酶,60~70℃条件下液化20~30min;
山楂、芋头:向清洗后的山楂后芋头加入1.5~2倍水,打浆,按0.2~0.4g/100mL比例加入果胶酶,45~50℃条件下酶解1.5~2h;
薏苡仁、甜叶菊、党参:将清洗后的薏苡仁、甜叶菊、党参粉碎,过40目筛;
(3)混料:将步骤(2)中各项原料混合,加水至固液比1:5~8,并加入0.15~0.20%硫酸铵、0.05~0.08%磷酸二氢钾,0.02~0.03%硫酸镁;
(4)酶解:按0.1~0.2g/100mL、0.4~0.8g/100mL、0.2~0.4g/100mL比例分别添加淀粉酶、糖化酶、纤维素酶,然后在40~60℃、搅拌条件下协同酶解2~3h;
(5)酒精发酵:酶解后调节初始总糖度13~15BX,接种酿酒酵母,接种量6~8%,然后进行酒精发酵(上层液体搅拌发酵,下层固体静置发酵,12h搅拌一次),在20~28℃条件下发酵36~48h;
(6)醋酸发酵:酒精发酵后接种醋酸菌,接种量8~10%,在28~32℃条件下静置发酵72~96h;
(7)分离:发酵结束后进行分离,得到醋酸发酵液;
(8)喷淋:对分离的固体喷淋,使醋酸及其他功能活性物质尽量浸出,合并喷淋液和发酵液得醋酸液;
(9)陈酿:常温条件下陈酿20~30天;
(10)过滤:采用硅藻土过滤;
(11)调配: 调整上述醋酸液的总酸含量1.0~2.0%,并加入1.0~1.5%甜味剂、0.1%柠檬酸、0.15~0.02%乳酸钙、1~2%黄原胶、0.01~0.02%双乙酸钠;
(12)均质:将调配好的饮料放置在均质机中,在均质压力25MPa,温度60~70 ℃下均质,使各种营养成分均匀化,防止产品出现分层沉淀,使产品稳定性得到进一步的保障;
(13)精滤:将均质后的功能性保健醋饮料先经200目双联过滤器过滤,再经硅藻过滤机精滤以除去其中的杂质及不容物;
(14)杀菌:调配好的功能性保健醋饮料进行高温瞬时灭菌,灭菌温度为120~140℃,时间为4~6s;
(15)灌装:采用真空灌装,真空度为0.04-0.05Mpa,灌装温度控制在60-75℃,再冷却至常温即得成品。
根据上述发酵工艺,酒精发酵过程前不进行发酵液的固液分离。
上述(11)调配步骤中甜味剂是低聚异麦芽糖、蔗糖、木糖醇中的一种或几种。
本发明提供一种益脾健胃功能性保健醋饮料,产品色泽红棕,酸甜可口,口感醇厚,汁液清澈明亮,无杂质;不仅保留了山楂、芋头原有的风味,也具备了微生物发酵产生的酸感及酯类等风味物质,具有生津止渴、益脾健胃等功效。 动物实验结果表明本发明益脾健胃功能性保健醋饮料具有较好的益脾健胃功效,与不同中草药配比组及不同发酵工艺组相比差异显著(p<0.01)。
本发明提供一种益脾健胃功能性保健醋饮料,其优势在于:一是采用固态、液态发酵共存发酵工艺,糅合了固态发酵风味好和液态发酵产量高、生产周期短、劳动强度低、产品卫生好的优点,缩短发酵时间10天以上,风味达到固体发酵水平;二是产品发酵过程中未进行固液分离,延长了中草药活性成分的浸出时间,并且通过微生物的发酵作用加速了活性成分的浸出,中草药活性成分提取率(黄酮、皂甙、多糖等)提取率98%以上,较常规发酵提取工艺提高24.86%,这表明更多的中草药功能活性物质进入到保健醋饮料中;三是原料中含有甜叶菊,是一种良好的天然甜味剂,并具有降血糖功效,使产品更适于糖尿病患者饮用;四是生产工艺中没有中草药浸提工艺,降低了生产成本,便于工业化生产。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
一种益脾健胃功能性保健醋饮料,其具体的生产工艺如下:
(1)备料:按照山药35份、山楂17份、芋头25份、甜叶菊10份、薏苡仁8份、党参5份比例备料,去除生虫原料;
(2)原料预处理:根据原料的不同特性分别进行原料预处理:
山药:将清洗后的山药去皮,采用先90℃烫漂3min后加入0.02%亚硫酸钠溶液中浸泡lh进行护色处理,加入3倍水打浆,加入1.5%的α-淀粉酶,60~70℃条件下液化20~30min;
山楂、芋头:向清洗后的山楂后芋头加入2倍水,打浆,按0.4g/100mL比例加入果胶酶,45~50℃条件下酶解1.5~2h;
薏苡仁、甜叶菊、党参:将清洗后的薏苡仁、甜叶菊、党参粉碎,过40目筛;
(3)混料:将步骤(2)中各项原料混合,加水至固液比1:8,并加入0.15%硫酸铵、0.05%磷酸二氢钾,0.02%硫酸镁;
(4)酶解:按0.1g/100mL、0.4g/100mL、0.2g/100mL比例分别添加淀粉酶、糖化酶、纤维素酶,然后在40~60℃、搅拌条件下协同酶解2~3h;
(5)酒精发酵:酶解后调节初始总糖度13~15BX,接种酿酒酵母(市售安琪酿酒酵母),接种量8%,然后进行酒精发酵(上层液体搅拌发酵,下层固体静置发酵,12h搅拌一次),在20~28℃条件下发酵36~48h;
(6)醋酸发酵:酒精发酵后接种醋酸菌,接种量10%,在28~32℃条件下静置发酵72~96h;
(7)分离:发酵结束后进行分离,得到醋酸发酵液;
(8)喷淋:对分离的固体喷淋,使醋酸及其他功能活性物质尽量浸出,合并喷淋液和发酵液得醋酸液;
(9)陈酿:常温条件下陈酿20~30天;
(10)过滤:采用硅藻土过滤;
(11)调配: 调整上述醋酸液的总酸含量1.0~2.0%,并加入1.0%低聚异麦芽糖、0.1%柠檬酸、0.02%乳酸钙、1%黄原胶、0.02%双乙酸钠;
(12)均质:将调配好的饮料放置在均质机中,在均质压力25MPa,温度60~70 ℃下均质,使各种营养成分均匀化,防止产品出现分层沉淀,使产品稳定性得到进一步的保障;
(13)精滤:将均质后的功能性保健醋饮料先经200目双联过滤器过滤,再经硅藻过滤机精滤以除去其中的杂质及不容物;
(14)杀菌:调配好的功能性保健醋饮料进行高温瞬时灭菌,灭菌温度为120~140℃,时间为4~6s;
(15)灌装:采用真空灌装,真空度为0.04-0.05Mpa,灌装温度控制在60-75℃,再冷却至常温即得成品。
实施例2:
一种益脾健胃功能性保健醋饮料,其具体的生产工艺如下:
(1)备料:按照山药30份、山楂20份、芋头20份、甜叶菊15份、薏苡仁10份、党参5份比例备料,去除生虫原料;
(2)原料预处理:根据原料的不同特性分别进行原料预处理:
山药:将清洗后的山药去皮,采用先90℃烫漂2.5min后加入0.02%亚硫酸钠溶液中浸泡lh进行护色处理,加入2.5倍水打浆,加入1.8%的α-淀粉酶,60~70℃条件下液化20~30min;
山楂、芋头:向清洗后的山楂后芋头加入1.5倍水,打浆,按0.3g/100mL比例加入果胶酶,45~50℃条件下酶解1.5~2h;
薏苡仁、甜叶菊、党参:将清洗后的薏苡仁、甜叶菊、党参粉碎,过40目筛;
(3)混料:将步骤(2)中各项原料混合,加水至固液比1:6,并加入0.18%硫酸铵、0.07%磷酸二氢钾,0.02%硫酸镁;
(4)酶解:按0.15g/100mL、0.6g/100mL、0.3g/100mL比例分别添加淀粉酶、糖化酶、纤维素酶,然后在40~60℃、搅拌条件下协同酶解2~3h;
(5)酒精发酵:酶解后调节初始总糖度13~15BX,接种酿酒酵母(市售安琪酿酒酵母),接种量7%,然后进行酒精发酵(上层液体搅拌发酵,下层固体静置发酵,12h搅拌一次),在20~28℃条件下发酵36~48h;
(6)醋酸发酵:酒精发酵后接种醋酸菌,接种量9%,在28~32℃条件下静置发酵72~96h;
(7)分离:发酵结束后进行分离,得到醋酸发酵液;
(8)喷淋:对分离的固体喷淋,使醋酸及其他功能活性物质尽量浸出,合并喷淋液和发酵液得醋酸液;
(9)陈酿:常温条件下陈酿20~30天;
(10)过滤:采用硅藻土过滤;
(11)调配: 调整上述醋酸液的总酸含量1.5%,并加入1.2%蔗糖、0.1%柠檬酸、0.18%乳酸钙、1.5%黄原胶、0.015%双乙酸钠;
(12)均质:将调配好的饮料放置在均质机中,在均质压力25MPa,温度60~70 ℃下均质,使各种营养成分均匀化,防止产品出现分层沉淀,使产品稳定性得到进一步的保障;
(13)精滤:将均质后的功能性保健醋饮料先经200目双联过滤器过滤,再经硅藻过滤机精滤以除去其中的杂质及不容物;
(14)杀菌:调配好的功能性保健醋饮料进行高温瞬时灭菌,灭菌温度为120~140℃,时间为4~6s;
(15)灌装:采用真空灌装,真空度为0.04-0.05Mpa,灌装温度控制在60-75℃,再冷却至常温即得成品。
实施例3:
一种益脾健胃功能性保健醋饮料,其具体的生产工艺如下:
(1)备料:按照山药25份、山楂23份、芋头15份、甜叶菊20份、薏苡仁12份、党参5份比例备料,去除生虫原料;
(2)原料预处理:根据原料的不同特性分别进行原料预处理:
山药:将清洗后的山药去皮,采用先90℃烫漂2min后加入0.02%亚硫酸钠溶液中浸泡lh进行护色处理,加入3倍水打浆,加入2%的α-淀粉酶,60~70℃条件下液化20~30min;
山楂、芋头:向清洗后的山楂后芋头加入2倍水,打浆,按0.4g/100mL比例加入果胶酶,45~50℃条件下酶解1.5~2h;
薏苡仁、甜叶菊、党参:将清洗后的薏苡仁、甜叶菊、党参粉碎,过40目筛;
(3)混料:将步骤(2)中各项原料混合,加水至固液比1:8,并加入0.15%硫酸铵、0.05%磷酸二氢钾,0.02%硫酸镁;
(4)酶解:按0.2g/100mL、0.8g/100mL、0.4g/100mL比例分别添加淀粉酶、糖化酶、纤维素酶,然后在40~60℃、搅拌条件下协同酶解2~3h;
(5)酒精发酵:酶解后调节初始总糖度13~15BX,接种酿酒酵母(市售安琪酿酒酵母),接种量6%,然后进行酒精发酵(上层液体搅拌发酵,下层固体静置发酵,12h搅拌一次),在20~28℃条件下发酵36~48h;
(6)醋酸发酵:酒精发酵后接种醋酸菌,接种量8%,在28~32℃条件下静置发酵72~96h;
(7)分离:发酵结束后进行分离,得到醋酸发酵液;
(8)喷淋:对分离的固体喷淋,使醋酸及其他功能活性物质尽量浸出,合并喷淋液和发酵液得醋酸液;
(9)陈酿:常温条件下陈酿20~30天;
(10)过滤:采用硅藻土过滤;
(11)调配: 调整上述醋酸液的总酸含量2.0%,并加入1.5%木糖醇、0.1%柠檬酸、0.15%乳酸钙、2%黄原胶、0.02%双乙酸钠;
(12)均质:将调配好的饮料放置在均质机中,在均质压力25MPa,温度60~70 ℃下均质,使各种营养成分均匀化,防止产品出现分层沉淀,使产品稳定性得到进一步的保障;
(13)精滤:将均质后的功能性保健醋饮料先经200目双联过滤器过滤,再经硅藻过滤机精滤以除去其中的杂质及不容物;
(14)杀菌:调配好的功能性保健醋饮料进行高温瞬时灭菌,灭菌温度为120~140℃,时间为4~6s;
(15)灌装:采用真空灌装,真空度为0.04-0.05Mpa,灌装温度控制在60-75℃,再冷却至常温即得成品。
以上实施例仅用于说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其进行限制;尽管参照前述实施例对被发明进行了详细的说明,但对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而对这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明所要求保护的技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (3)
1.一种益脾健胃功能性保健醋饮料,其特征在于制备工艺具体包括以下步骤:
(1)备料:按照山药25~35份、山楂17~23份、芋头15~25份、甜叶菊10~20份、薏苡仁8~12份、党参4~6份比例备料,去除生虫原料;
(2)原料预处理:根据原料的不同特性分别进行原料预处理:
山药:将清洗后的山药去皮,采用先90℃烫漂2~3min后加入0.02%亚硫酸钠溶液中浸泡lh进行护色处理,加入2~3倍水打浆,加入1.5~2%的α-淀粉酶,60~70℃条件下液化20~30min;
山楂、芋头:向清洗后的山楂后芋头加入1.5~2倍水,打浆,按0.2~0.4g/100mL比例加入果胶酶,45~50℃条件下酶解1.5~2h;
薏苡仁、甜叶菊、党参:将清洗后的薏苡仁、甜叶菊、党参粉碎,过40目筛;
(3)混料:将步骤(2)中各项原料混合,加水至固液比1:5~8,并加入0.15~0.20%硫酸铵、0.05~0.08%磷酸二氢钾,0.02~0.03%硫酸镁;
(4)酶解:按0.1~0.2g/100mL、0.4~0.8g/100mL、0.2~0.4g/100mL比例分别添加淀粉酶、糖化酶、纤维素酶,然后在40~60℃、搅拌条件下协同酶解2~3h;
(5)酒精发酵:酶解后调节初始总糖度13~15BX,接种酿酒酵母,接种量6~8%,然后进行酒精发酵(上层液体搅拌发酵,下层固体静置发酵,12h搅拌一次),在20~28℃条件下发酵36~48h;
(6)醋酸发酵:酒精发酵后接种醋酸菌,接种量8~10%,在28~32℃条件下静置发酵72~96h;
(7)分离:发酵结束后进行分离,得到醋酸发酵液;
(8)喷淋:对分离的固体喷淋,使醋酸及其他功能活性物质尽量浸出,合并喷淋液和发酵液得醋酸液;
(9)陈酿:常温条件下陈酿20~30天;
(10)过滤:采用硅藻土过滤;
(11)调配: 调整上述醋酸液的总酸含量1.0~2.0%,并加入1.0~1.5%甜味剂、0.1%柠檬酸、0.15~0.02%乳酸钙、1~2%黄原胶、0.01~0.02%双乙酸钠;
(12)均质:将调配好的饮料放置在均质机中,在均质压力25MPa,温度60~70 ℃下均质,使各种营养成分均匀化,防止产品出现分层沉淀,使产品稳定性得到进一步的保障;
(13)精滤:将均质后的功能性保健醋饮料先经200目双联过滤器过滤,再经硅藻过滤机精滤以除去其中的杂质及不容物;
(14)杀菌:调配好的功能性保健醋饮料进行高温瞬时灭菌,灭菌温度为120~140℃,时间为4~6s;
(15)灌装:采用真空灌装,真空度为0.04-0.05Mpa,灌装温度控制在60-75℃,再冷却至常温即得成品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种益脾健胃功能性保健醋饮料,其特征在于所述发酵工艺中酒精发酵过程前不进行发酵液的固液分离。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种益脾健胃功能性保健醋饮料,其特征在于所述甜味剂是低聚异麦芽糖、蔗糖、木糖醇中的一种或几种。
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CN104970416A (zh) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-10-14 | 青岛嘉瑞生物技术有限公司 | 一种预防便秘的麸皮保健饮料 |
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