CN104160910A - Method of indoor seedling growing in hotbed for walnuts in plateau region - Google Patents
Method of indoor seedling growing in hotbed for walnuts in plateau region Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104160910A CN104160910A CN201410444387.XA CN201410444387A CN104160910A CN 104160910 A CN104160910 A CN 104160910A CN 201410444387 A CN201410444387 A CN 201410444387A CN 104160910 A CN104160910 A CN 104160910A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- seedling
- scion
- hotbed
- grafting
- stock
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Abstract
The invention relates to a seedling growing method for walnuts, in particular to a method of indoor seedling growing in a hotbed for walnuts in a plateau region. The method of indoor seedling growing in the hotbed includes the steps of awaking stocks and scions, grafting in the hotbed, cooling for seedling hardening, transplanting and the like. According to the method of indoor seedling growing in the hotbed for the walnuts in the plateau region, the grafting healing cycle is short, the seedling emergence rate per unit is large and can reach 200 plants/m<2>, the grafting survival rate is high and stable, and the influence on the grafting survival rate by the vagaries of climate in the plateau region is small; the grafting cycle is long, and the method of indoor seedling growing in the hotbed can serve as one seedling growing mode for the walnuts in the plateau region.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of walnut seedling-cultivating method, be specially the indoor hotbed seedling-cultivating method of highlands walnut.
Background technology
The main seedling raising manners of current walnut, comprises following two kinds:
Land for growing field crops bud grafting system: summer budding, suitable because of ground, the annual bud grafting time of various places is all different, and cost is little.Highlands bud grafting, the changeable impact of climate is serious, and per year is all variant, is difficult for holding Best Times, and graft survival rate is unstable, and the difficulty of surviving the winter, and storage rate is less than 20 percent then.
Land for growing field crops scion grafting system: scion grafting in spring, the annual scion grafting time of various places is all variant, and different modes appears as motility rate difference, compares bud grafting, and cost is higher.Outdoor-grafting same climate impact in highlands is serious, and graft survival rate is low.In Qinghai Area is due to its special geography and climatic environment condition restriction, and season fuzzy, per beginning of the year, cold in the late spring was serious.
So in In Qinghai Area, for a long time due to its Special geographical position and changeable climate feature, adopt conventional bud grafting and scion grafting mode to grow seedlings, have the problems such as the difficult grasp of seedling raise period, graft survival rate is low, storage rate is low then, per unit output of seedling is few.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides the indoor hotbed seedling-cultivating method of a kind of highlands walnut, improve graft survival rate and the storage rate of surviving the winter, increase unit are output of seedling, to meet highlands, carry out the walnut demand of growing seedlings, concrete technical scheme:
The indoor hotbed seedling-cultivating method of highlands walnut, comprises the following steps:
(1) stock preparation, selects 2 years raw seedlings, seedling requirement robust growth, and anosis worm, without splitting, root system is complete, leading thread 0.9-2.0cm;
(2) scion is selected, select enrich full, without the branch of damage by disease and insect as scion, in resting stage, gather, the rugosity at branch length 1/2 place of collection reaches 0.8-1.5cm;
(3) stock and scion waken, and the rootstock seedling that root system was cleared up successively yaw stops at hotbed, and the gap between rootstock seedling is filled full by matrix; Waken after 3-5 days, when the terminal bud of rootstock seedling starts to sprout, expand or when bud sheet slightly ftractures, just can grafting;
It is by scion single the keeping flat of scattering that scion wakens, and by matrix, buries scion, wakens 1-2 days;
The temperature of matrix is controlled at 25-28 ℃, water content 55%-65%;
(4) grafting, annual mid-December to Second Year mid-April, carries out grafting indoor; With annual mid-February to best results by the end of March;
(5) enter bed healing, grafting is stood and is implanted in hotbed in lines, while putting, surrounding is apart from abutment wall 10-15cm.Jam-packed, seedling line-spacing 5-10cm between grafting seedling, in the ranks fill by real by the matrix of water content 55%-65%, and be covered to micro-apoblast; Hotbed temperature is controlled at 25-28 ℃, insulation 15-20 days, seedling interface healing to be grafted;
(6) cooling hardening, after grafting interface heals completely, hotbed is no longer incubated, and greenhouse ventilation cooling, tempers grafting 7-10 days;
(7) transplant, within 3-5 days, will transplant in advance plot and fill with once permeable, and adopt row shape ditching, ridging to transplant, line-spacing 50-60cm, spacing in the rows 20-30cm, the groove of cutting depth 20cm, plants the healing seedling of the stock rudiment of erasing in ditch, plants end righting, with slowly drained soil, bury the following position of interface, with native in the ranks, nursery stock is buried sternly, scion top earthing 2-3cm, makes the capable ridge that is of whole seedling again; The serious area of Spring Festival Gala early in winter frost, should build simple and easy shed after transplanting seedlings, and prevents low temperature, late frost harm, and will strictly control temperature, prevents from burning seedling; Meet burst hot weather, should shade in time.
Described hotbed, selection can be avoided the built-in bed in the greenhouse of direct sunlight, with high-density foam brick work, becomes a bed groove, bed trench bottom lay successively high-density foam, hot line, dry matrices, Polypropylence Sheet and 3-5cm dry matrices that 10cm is thick.
(4) described grafting, adopts two tongue graftings, and stock is cut off from the above 15cm of rhizosphere, removes top, wipes out long taproot and lateral root, scabbles wound, retains the main root of 15-20cm;
Select to equate with stock rugosity or close scion, cut and be cut into long 10-15cm, with the branch section of 2-3 full bud, top is apart from about bud 2cm on clip;
Stock rhizosphere place and scion bottom are whittled into the horse ear shape bevel that long 4-6cm is smooth, and on bevel top, the other rip cutting of approximately 1/3rd punishment goes out joint-cutting, and joint-cutting degree of depth 2-3cm, forms two tongues that one is long and the other is short;
By stock and scion separately short lingual surface insert in the other side's joint-cutting, the face fond of gossip of stock and scion is covered in the tangent plane of whole joint-cutting, and stratification is aimed at; Colligation interface.
The indoor hotbed seedling-cultivating method of highlands provided by the invention walnut, the seedling raising manners of the combinations such as employing geothermal insulation, filling substrate, two tongue graft technologies, the graft union cycle is short, unit output of seedling is high, can reach 200 strains/m
2, graft survival rate is higher and stable, affected by highlands changeable climate little, can the grafting cycle long, can be used as one of walnut seedling raising manners of highlands.
Embodiment
The specific embodiment of the invention is described in conjunction with the embodiments.
Select the built-in bed in vacant room or greenhouse, in greenhouse, build hotbed and need avoid direct sunlight.At the wide 3m of high compression foam brick work that 10cm is thick of adjacent wall place, indoor both sides, dark 0.6m, the long rectangle bed groove fixed according to landform, a bed trench bottom is paved with high-density foam.On the cystosepiment of hotbed bed trench bottom, take cloth in the ranks to manage to lay ground hot line, ground hot line connects automatic temperature control instrument; Above ground hot line, fill the dry matrices of 10cm; Above matrix, lay Polypropylence Sheet, and Polypropylence Sheet is covered to whole hotbed bed body; Above Polypropylence Sheet, fill 3-5cm dry matrices.Host material is sawdust.
The indoor hotbed seedling-cultivating method of highlands walnut, comprises the following steps:
(1) stock preparation, selects 2 years raw seedlings, seedling requirement robust growth, and anosis worm, without splitting, root system is complete, leading thread 0.9-2.0cm.
(2) scion is selected, select enrich full, without the branch of damage by disease and insect as scion, in resting stage, gather, the rugosity at branch length 1/2 place of collection reaches 0.8-1.5cm.
(3) stock and scion waken, and the rootstock seedling that root system was cleared up successively yaw stops at hotbed, and the gap between rootstock seedling is filled full by matrix; Waken after 3-5 days, when the terminal bud of rootstock seedling starts to sprout, expand or when bud sheet slightly ftractures, just can grafting;
It is by scion single the keeping flat of scattering that scion wakens, and by matrix, buries scion, wakens 1-2 days;
The temperature of matrix is controlled at 25-28 ℃, water content 55%-65%.
(4) grafting, is carried out grafting at annual mid-December to Second Year mid-April on hotbed; With annual mid-February to best results by the end of March; Adopt two tongue graftings, stock is cut off from the above 15cm of rhizosphere, remove top, wipe out long taproot and lateral root, scabble wound, retain the main root of 15-20cm;
Select to equate with stock rugosity or close scion, cut and be cut into long 10-15cm, with the branch section of 2-3 full bud, top is apart from about bud 2cm on clip;
Stock rhizosphere place and scion bottom are whittled into the horse ear shape bevel that long 4-6cm is smooth, and on bevel top, the other rip cutting of approximately 1/3rd punishment goes out joint-cutting, and joint-cutting degree of depth 2-3cm, forms two tongues that one is long and the other is short;
By stock and scion separately short lingual surface insert in the other side's joint-cutting, the face fond of gossip of stock and scion is covered in the tangent plane of whole joint-cutting, and stratification is aimed at; Colligation interface.
(5) enter bed healing, grafting is stood and is implanted in hotbed in lines, while putting, surrounding is apart from abutment wall 10-15cm.Jam-packed, seedling line-spacing 5-10cm between grafting seedling, in the ranks fill by real by the matrix of water content 55%-65%, and be covered to micro-apoblast; Hotbed temperature is controlled at 25-28 ℃, insulation 15-20 days, seedling interface healing to be grafted.
(6) cooling hardening, after grafting interface heals completely, hotbed is no longer incubated, and greenhouse ventilation cooling, tempers grafting 7-10 days.
(7) transplant, within 3-5 days, will transplant in advance plot and fill with once permeable, and adopt row shape ditching, ridging to transplant, line-spacing 50-60cm, spacing in the rows 20-30cm, the groove of cutting depth 20cm, plants the healing seedling of the stock rudiment of erasing in ditch, plants end righting, with slowly drained soil, bury the following position of interface, with native in the ranks, nursery stock is buried sternly, scion top earthing 2-3cm, makes the capable ridge that is of whole seedling again; The serious area of Spring Festival Gala early in winter frost, should build simple and easy shed after transplanting seedlings, and prevents low temperature, late frost harm, and will strictly control temperature, prevents from burning seedling; Meet burst hot weather, should shade in time.
Seedling after transplanting, in vegetative period, will weed with a hoe 3-4 time every year, makes plot keep loose and without weeds.Depending on soil moisture content, water, supplement soil moisture; That seedling is extractd is in time female, male flower and young fruit, and the season of growth is wiped out stock sprout tillers and side shoot in time, to reduce unnecessary nutrient consumption.Late June is to early July, survive stable after, execute urea 25kg for every mu.To late August, every 10 days foliage-spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphates, connect and spray 3-4 time, improve nursery stock degree of lignification by the end of July.Within whole vegetative period, all to carry out extermination of disease and insect pest work.
Claims (3)
1. the indoor hotbed seedling-cultivating method of highlands walnut, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) stock preparation, selects 2 years raw seedlings, seedling requirement robust growth, and anosis worm, without splitting, root system is complete, leading thread 0.9-2.0cm;
(2) scion is selected, select enrich full, without the branch of damage by disease and insect as scion, in resting stage, gather, the rugosity at branch length 1/2 place of collection reaches 0.8-1.5cm;
(3) stock and scion waken, and yaw is on hotbed successively for the rootstock seedling that root system was cleared up, and the gap between rootstock seedling is filled full by matrix; Waken after 3-5 days, when the terminal bud of rootstock seedling starts to sprout, expand or when bud sheet slightly ftractures, just can grafting;
It is by scion single the keeping flat of scattering that scion wakens, and by matrix, buries scion, wakens 1-2 days;
The temperature of matrix is controlled at 25-28 ℃, water content 55%-65%;
(4) grafting, annual mid-December to Second Year mid-April, carries out grafting indoor;
(5) enter bed healing, grafting is stood and is implanted in hotbed in lines, while putting, surrounding is apart from abutment wall 10-15cm.Jam-packed, seedling line-spacing 5-10cm between grafting seedling, in the ranks fill by real by the matrix of water content 55%-65%, and be covered to micro-apoblast; Transfer interface temperature and be controlled at 25-28 ℃, insulation 15-20 days, seedling interface healing to be grafted;
(6) cooling hardening, after grafting interface heals completely, hotbed is no longer incubated, and greenhouse ventilation cooling, tempers grafting 7-10 days;
(7) transplant, within 3-5 days, will transplant in advance plot and fill with once permeable, and adopt row shape ditching, ridging to transplant, line-spacing 50-60cm, spacing in the rows 20-30cm, the groove of cutting depth 20cm, plants the healing seedling of the stock rudiment of erasing in ditch, plants end righting, with slowly drained soil, bury the following position of interface, with native in the ranks, nursery stock is buried sternly, scion top earthing 2-3cm, makes the capable ridge that is of whole seedling again.
2. the indoor hotbed seedling-cultivating method of highlands according to claim 1 walnut, it is characterized in that, (4) described grafting, adopt two tongue graftings, stock is cut off from the above 15cm of rhizosphere, removed top, wipe out long taproot and lateral root, scabble wound, retain the main root of 15-20cm;
Select to equate with stock rugosity or close scion, cut and be cut into long 10-15cm, with the branch section of 2-3 full bud, top is apart from about bud 2cm on clip;
Stock rhizosphere place and scion bottom are whittled into the horse ear shape bevel that long 4-6cm is smooth, and on bevel top, the other rip cutting of approximately 1/3rd punishment goes out joint-cutting, and joint-cutting degree of depth 2-3cm, forms two tongues that one is long and the other is short;
By stock and scion separately short lingual surface insert in the other side's joint-cutting, the face fond of gossip of stock and scion is covered in the tangent plane of whole joint-cutting, and forms layer and aim at; Colligation interface.
3. the indoor hotbed seedling-cultivating method of highlands according to claim 1 and 2 walnut, it is characterized in that, described hotbed, selection can be avoided the built-in bed in the greenhouse of direct sunlight, with high-density foam brick work, become a bed groove, bed trench bottom lay successively high-density foam, hot line, dry matrices, Polypropylence Sheet and 3-5cm dry matrices that 10cm is thick.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410444387.XA CN104160910A (en) | 2014-09-03 | 2014-09-03 | Method of indoor seedling growing in hotbed for walnuts in plateau region |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410444387.XA CN104160910A (en) | 2014-09-03 | 2014-09-03 | Method of indoor seedling growing in hotbed for walnuts in plateau region |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104160910A true CN104160910A (en) | 2014-11-26 |
Family
ID=51904680
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410444387.XA Pending CN104160910A (en) | 2014-09-03 | 2014-09-03 | Method of indoor seedling growing in hotbed for walnuts in plateau region |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104160910A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107242032A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-10-13 | 四川印山红农业科技有限公司 | Walnut industrial fast breeding method and consolidant |
| CN107873288A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-06 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of method of short low temperature sweet cherry graft seedling growth |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101243754A (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2008-08-20 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Indoor grafting method for fine breed of walnut in winter |
| CN103039254A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-04-17 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Seedling growing method of apocarya |
| CN103858681A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-18 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | Walnut grafting seedling raising method |
-
2014
- 2014-09-03 CN CN201410444387.XA patent/CN104160910A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101243754A (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2008-08-20 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Indoor grafting method for fine breed of walnut in winter |
| CN103039254A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-04-17 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Seedling growing method of apocarya |
| CN103858681A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-18 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | Walnut grafting seedling raising method |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| 徐振华等: "早实核桃室内双舌嫁接育苗技术", 《林业科技开发》 * |
| 房堂来等: "核桃自控电热温床嫁接育苗", 《特种经济动植物》 * |
| 王亚鹏等: "核桃自控电热温床嫁接育苗技术要点", 《西北园艺》 * |
| 王根宪等: "核桃自控电热温床嫁接育苗技术", 《林业实用技术》 * |
| 辽宁省科学技术协会: "《核桃丰产栽培技术》", 28 February 2010, 辽宁科学技术出版社 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107242032A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-10-13 | 四川印山红农业科技有限公司 | Walnut industrial fast breeding method and consolidant |
| CN107873288A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-06 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of method of short low temperature sweet cherry graft seedling growth |
| CN107873288B (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2020-12-11 | 上海交通大学 | Short low-temperature sweet cherry grafting seedling method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102138408B (en) | Tea light-medium plug seedling method | |
| CN103081683B (en) | Improved American red maple twig cutting propagation method | |
| CN104584976A (en) | Grape planting method | |
| CN103503684B (en) | A kind of method of transplanting type alfalfa cultivation | |
| CN103598024B (en) | Gobi grape field hard branch grafting method | |
| CN103210848A (en) | Broccoli lateral branch cultivating plant and hybrid seed production method | |
| CN103782751A (en) | Method of raising grape seedlings by cutting | |
| CN103814722A (en) | Whole-potato-seeding based water-saving drought-resistant high-yield cultivation method for hill sloping fields in northwest of Shanxi province | |
| CN104823788A (en) | Columnar tree culture method suitable for high-density cultivation of nectarine in greenhouse | |
| CN104082014B (en) | A kind of matrimony vine seedling-cultivating method | |
| CN103385078A (en) | Method for cultivating eggplants in spring greenhouse | |
| CN103718810A (en) | Strigose hydrangea leaf asexual reproduction method | |
| CN103168584A (en) | Short spike cuttage breeding mode for sweet osmanthus in autumn and winter in north | |
| CN104396503A (en) | Summer acclimation transition method for strawberry tissue culture seedlings | |
| CN103518596A (en) | Tulip anti-season cultivation technique | |
| CN104996173A (en) | Method for rose seeding-raising by grafting | |
| CN104396582A (en) | Rapid seedling culture method for replacing different-anvil grafting to perform cottage on grafting hard branches | |
| CN108012749A (en) | Oil uses tree peony high-yield planting method | |
| CN102428863A (en) | Subsoil-free rapid propagation and seedling method of tea tree | |
| CN104303784A (en) | Planting method of picria fel-terrae | |
| CN101243754A (en) | Indoor grafting method for fine breed of walnut in winter | |
| CN112005822B (en) | Breeding method of crocus sativus seedballs | |
| CN103907453A (en) | Giant pumpkin cultivation method suitable for plastic greenhouse | |
| CN104160910A (en) | Method of indoor seedling growing in hotbed for walnuts in plateau region | |
| CN1748461A (en) | Green branch cuttage breeding method for grassland cherry |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20141126 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |