CN1041593A - 1-卡巴(dethia)头孢菌素的制备方法 - Google Patents
1-卡巴(dethia)头孢菌素的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1041593A CN1041593A CN89107223A CN89107223A CN1041593A CN 1041593 A CN1041593 A CN 1041593A CN 89107223 A CN89107223 A CN 89107223A CN 89107223 A CN89107223 A CN 89107223A CN 1041593 A CN1041593 A CN 1041593A
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- alkyl
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- hydrogen
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- -1 radical compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000882 C2-C6 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004618 benzofuryl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004196 benzothienyl group Chemical group S1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004646 sulfenyl group Chemical group S(*)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004760 (C1-C4) alkylsulfonylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006700 (C1-C6) alkylthio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006552 (C3-C8) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003601 C2-C6 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical group O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000043 benzamido group Chemical group [H]N([*])C(=O)C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001231 benzoyloxy group Chemical group C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000051 benzyloxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002837 carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003678 cyclohexadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CCC1)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001786 isothiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000842 isoxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 2
- WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CON=N1 WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004469 siloxy group Chemical group [SiH3]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005951 trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical class [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229930186147 Cephalosporin Natural products 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229940124587 cephalosporin Drugs 0.000 abstract description 14
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001780 cephalosporins Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 14
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vilsmeier-Haack reagent Natural products CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 description 5
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000005982 diphenylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])(*)C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- QUZPNFFHZPRKJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N germane Chemical compound [GeH4] QUZPNFFHZPRKJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052986 germanium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001819 mass spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 description 3
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- NHNUFAASKXPOQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-acetamido-2-hydroxyphenyl)arsonic acid Chemical compound C(C)(=O)NC=1C(=C(C=CC1)[As](O)(=O)O)O NHNUFAASKXPOQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FZEVMBJWXHDLDB-ZCFIWIBFSA-N (6r)-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-en-8-one Chemical compound S1CC=CN2C(=O)C[C@H]21 FZEVMBJWXHDLDB-ZCFIWIBFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004217 4-methoxybenzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1OC([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WRQNANDWMGAFTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacetoacetic acid Chemical compound COC(=O)CC(C)=O WRQNANDWMGAFTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic aldehyde Chemical compound CCC=O NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical compound [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- TWIIVLKQFJBFPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaminosalol Chemical compound C1=CC(NC(=O)C)=CC=C1OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O TWIIVLKQFJBFPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODFJOVXVLFUVNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetarsol Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC([As](O)(O)=O)=CC=C1O ODFJOVXVLFUVNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- BHELZAPQIKSEDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl bromide Chemical compound BrCC=C BHELZAPQIKSEDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- WDODWFPDZYSKIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzeneselenol Chemical compound [SeH]C1=CC=CC=C1 WDODWFPDZYSKIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000006297 carbonyl amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:2])C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical group [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- AVGAIPMGSIOHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloromethane;2-propan-2-yloxypropane Chemical compound ClCCl.CC(C)OC(C)C AVGAIPMGSIOHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IQDGSYLLQPDQDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CNC IQDGSYLLQPDQDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl benzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- IZUPBVBPLAPZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentachlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl IZUPBVBPLAPZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-3-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)CC FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XCRBXWCUXJNEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N peroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XCRBXWCUXJNEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JNZRDLWZFWFSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tribenzyltin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C[Sn](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JNZRDLWZFWFSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DBGVGMSCBYYSLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylstannane Chemical compound CCCC[SnH](CCCC)CCCC DBGVGMSCBYYSLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
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- ZNNYFKWESZMQSE-OCCSQVGLSA-N (6r,7s)-3-(acetyloxymethyl)-8-oxo-7-[(2-thiophen-2-ylacetyl)amino]-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@@H]2N(C1=O)C(=C(CC2)COC(=O)C)C(O)=O)C(=O)CC1=CC=CS1 ZNNYFKWESZMQSE-OCCSQVGLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKASFBLJDCHBNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,4-oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=NN=CO1 FKASFBLJDCHBNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004520 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QYCGBAJADAGLLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(cyclohepten-1-yl)cycloheptene Chemical group C1CCCCC=C1C1=CCCCCC1 QYCGBAJADAGLLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylpyrrolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(C(=O)N)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-1-one Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LUEYUHCBBXWTQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenyl-2h-triazole Chemical compound C1=NNN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 LUEYUHCBBXWTQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCXJFMDOHDNDCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-$l^{1}-oxidanyl-3,4-dihydropyrrol-2-one Chemical group O=C1CCC(=O)[N]1 HCXJFMDOHDNDCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NVIAYEIXYQCDAN-CLZZGJSISA-N 7beta-aminodeacetoxycephalosporanic acid Chemical compound S1CC(C)=C(C(O)=O)N2C(=O)[C@@H](N)[C@@H]12 NVIAYEIXYQCDAN-CLZZGJSISA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YXHKONLOYHBTNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diazomethane Chemical compound C=[N+]=[N-] YXHKONLOYHBTNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Divinylene sulfide Natural products C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical class Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical class CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182555 Penicillin Natural products 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D205/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D205/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D205/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D205/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with one oxygen atom directly attached in position 2, e.g. beta-lactams
- C07D205/085—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with one oxygen atom directly attached in position 2, e.g. beta-lactams with a nitrogen atom directly attached in position 3
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D463/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1-azabicyclo [4.2.0] octane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. carbacephalosporins; Such ring systems being further condensed, e.g. 2,3-condensed with an oxygen-, nitrogen- or sulfur-containing hetero ring
- C07D463/02—Preparation
- C07D463/04—Preparation by forming the ring or condensed ring systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D463/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1-azabicyclo [4.2.0] octane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. carbacephalosporins; Such ring systems being further condensed, e.g. 2,3-condensed with an oxygen-, nitrogen- or sulfur-containing hetero ring
- C07D463/02—Preparation
- C07D463/06—Preparation from compounds already containing the ring or condensed ring systems, e.g. by dehydrogenation of the ring, by introduction, elimination or modification of substituents
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Cephalosporin Compounds (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种游离基法,用2-取代甲基头孢菌素1,1-二氧化物制备1-卡巴(1-dethia)头孢菌素抗菌素,其中2-亚甲基的取代基是游离基前体基团,如苯基或烷基硒基。在40℃至150℃下,将后者的二氧化物与游离基前体(如氢化三烷基锡或光化放射物)反应,得1-卡巴-3-头孢菌烯和1-卡巴-2-头孢菌烯产物。本发明还提供了作为本发明的中间体而形成的游离基化合物。
Description
本发明涉及1-卡巴(dethia)头孢菌素抗菌素化合物的制备方法,尤其涉及将头孢菌素1,1-二氧化物转化为1-卡巴(dethia)头孢菌素的游离基方法。
业已由全合成法获得1-卡巴(dethia)头孢菌素。如Christensen等人的美国专利NO.4,226,866介绍了3-取代甲基1-卡巴头孢菌素的制备方法,而Evans等人的美国专利 NO.4,665,171介绍了不对称全合成方法。人们对1-噁(dethia)头孢菌素和头孢菌素本身已进行了广泛研究,并开发了大量这类具治疗价值的抗菌素。在同样试验中,1-卡巴(dethia)头孢菌素则不容易得到。因此,在努力探索1-卡巴头孢菌素的制备方法,尤其适于大规模生产的方法。
本发明提供一种通过游离基中间体而将2-取代甲基头孢菌素1,1-二氧化物直接转化为1-卡巴(dethia)头孢菌素的方法。其中取代基是游离基前体(如苯基硒基)的2-取代甲基头孢菌素与游离基起始剂(如氢化三烷基锡、氢化三芳基锡、三烷基或三芳基氢化锗)反应,得1-卡巴(dethia)-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸或其酯。
1-卡巴(dethia)-3-头孢烯产物可以转化为所要求的1-卡巴-3-头孢烯抗菌素,或在一定条件下,从该方法直接得到所要求的抗菌素。
根据本发明方法,在惰性溶剂中,将式1表示的2-取代甲基头孢菌素1,1-二氧化物与游离基起始剂反应,形成由式2表示的1-卡巴(dethia)头孢烯或头孢烯酯。所述式如下:
式中
Z是由下式表示的二价基团:
R是氨基,酰氨基,被保护氨基或C1-4烷基磺酰氨基;
R1是氢或C1-4烷氧基;
Y是游离基前体基团;
R2是氢,C1-6烷基,C2-6链烯基,卤素,C1-4烷氧基,C1-4烷硫基,三(C1-4烷基)-甲硅烷氧基,C2-6烷酰氧基,C1-4烷基磺酰氧基,三氟甲磺酰氧基,或由式-CH2R' 2表示的取代甲基,其中R' 8是羟基,C1-6烷氧基,C1-6烷酰氧基,苯甲酰氧基,C1-6烷硫基,苄硫基,苄氧基,杂环硫基,其中杂环是含1至4个环氮原子和/或氧或硫环原子的5-或6-元杂环,且其中杂环通过碳原子键合到硫基;
R3是氢,或C1-3烷基;及
A是被护羧基。
所述式2如下:
式中R、R1、R3、A和Z的定义同上。
可在温度约45℃至150℃、最好约60℃至90℃下实施本发明的游离基法。该方法最好在惰性溶剂中实施。惰性溶剂可以是普通有机溶剂或此类溶剂的混合物,例如,醚,醇,腈,酮,酰胺和酯之类的溶剂,均可用于本方法。头孢菌素砜1至少可部分溶解于这类溶剂。可采用的溶剂实例是二丙醚,二丁醚,二甘醇二甲醚,而噁烷,乙醇,丙醇,丁醇,乙二醇,乙腈,丁腈,苄腈,二乙酮,甲基异丁酮,环己烷酮,二甲基甲酰胺,二甲基乙酰胺,六甲基磷酰胺,乙酸乙酯,丙酸甲酯,丁酸乙酯和苯甲酸甲酯。本方法可免除已知游离基清除剂或捕集剂(如硝基苯)之类的溶剂。
本文将头孢菌素砜1的基团Y称作“游离基前体基团”。在游离基化学中,这类基团被认为具有如下性质,即:在产生游离基的条件下,经相互座用,很容易形成游离基。在本发明范围内,基团Y是能提供式A游离基的任何基团,式A如下:
许多此类基团是已知的,具体实例为硒化物R4Se-或硫化物R4S-,式中R4是C1-6烷基,C3-8环烷基,C2-6链烯基,C2-6链炔基,苯基,萘基,嘧啶基,四唑基,吡啶基,苯并噻吩基或苯并呋喃基;羧基;硫代碳酸盐,ArOC(S)O,ArS,C(S)O,式中Ar是苯基或萘基;或杂环硫酮酯,如(N-吡啶基-2-硫酮)-氧羰基和(N-嘧啶基-2-硫酮)氧羰基。Y还可是钴I萨罗汾,如用钴离子和二苄叉亚乙基二胺通过配位共价键合(其中钴键合到2-亚甲基1)形成的一类。用CoI萨罗汾和射线(如UV射线)产生游离基A。本发明的最佳游离基前体基团是硒化物R4Se,尤其是芳基硒化物,如其中Y是C6H5Se-的苯基硒化物。
用于本发明的游离基起始剂可以是紫外线照射产生的放射物,如由汞汽灯产生的放射物;过氧化物,如过氧化二苯甲酰,氢化有机锡,如氢化三(C1-4烷基)锡,氢化三芳基锡(Ar)3SnH,其中Ar是苯基,C1-4烷基苯基,氯苯基,氢化三芳烷基锡,如氢化三苄基锡和取代氢化三苄基锡,如氢化三-(4-甲基苄基)锡,以及类似的氢化有机锡;三烷基氢化锗,如三乙基氢化锗,或三芳基氢化锗,如三苯基氢化锗。本发明最佳游离基起始剂是氢化有机锡,尤其是氢化三烷基锡。这些最佳锡氢化物的实例是:氢化三甲基锡,氢化三乙基锡和氢化三正丁基锡。氢化有基锡可与诸如偶氮化合物的其它游离基起始剂(例如2-2′-偶氮双异丁腈)一起使用,以加快本方法的引发。
加热下,过氧化物起始剂可引发游离基法,而射线会直接引发该过程。
本发明方法发生得很迅速,将头孢菌素(呈砜形)转化为相应的1-卡巴(dethia)头孢菌素。下述反应路线说明本方法中游离反应的全过程:
如上所述,关键游离基B是通过A分子内转移失去SO2形成的。游离基B崩解成游离基C后,用氢原子终止该过程。通过用于该过程的氢化物或来自其它源(如溶剂)可提供该终止氢。
按常规方法从反应混合物回收该过程中得到的产物2,并与副产物分离,通过层析纯化。当起始原料1是3-头孢烯(Z=-R2)时,1-卡巴-3-头孢烯产物2伴有某种异构1-卡巴-2-头孢烯(Z=-R2)。该异构体与叔胺(如三乙胺)反应,可容易地异构成所要求的3-头孢烯。在采用有机锡氢化物的过成中,经常观察到的副产物是2-甲基-3-头孢烯砜酯。该副产物显然是通过2-电子还原而不是游离基过程形成的。
本发明还提供一种由上述式A和B表示的游离基。这些游离基化合物是瞬时中间产物,不仅通过如上路线反应所得到的该产品,而且由游离基捕集试验均可证明瞬时中间产物的存在。例如,当化合物1在上述反应条件下反应时,产生游离基A,除了将10%硝基苯加到该反应混合物之外,捕集基A,通过2-电子法形成的还原产品代替由游离基法生成的所述产物。通过物理方法也可证明这些游离基的存在。
当R是酰氨基,尤其是苯乙酰氨基和苯氧基乙酰氨基,R3是氢,A是叔丁基,烯丙基或苄基时,本发明最佳游离基化合物由式A和B表示。这两种最佳游离基的例子是:
起始材料1可为式1定义的7-酰氨基取代头孢菌素砜。此类基团的实例包括:羧酸,尤其是存在于头孢菌素7位和青霉素抗菌素6位的酰基,特别是,酰氨基R4CONH的酰基R4CO-是C1-5烷酰基,由卤素,氰基或羟基取代的取代C2-5烷酰基;由下式表示的芳基乙酰基或杂芳基乙酰基:
式中R9是噻吩基,苯并噻吩基,呋喃基,苯并呋喃基,噻唑基,噁唑基,异恶唑基,异噻唑基,吡啶基,噻二唑基,噁二唑基,吡啶基,或由C1-4烷基,氨基,被护氨基或羟基取代的杂环基;环己二烯基、萘基、苯基或由下式表示的取代苯基:
式中a和a′各为氢,卤素,羟基,C1-4烷基,C1-4烷氧基,氨基,氨甲基,甲磺酰氨基,羟基甲基,三氟甲基,羧基,被护羧基,羧甲基或被护羧甲基;Q是氢,羟基,C1-4烷酰氧基,羧基,被护羧基,磺基(-SO3H),氨基,被护氨基,或由下式表示的取代氨基:
式中R′是呋喃基,噻吩基,苯基,卤素,卤代苯基,甲苯基,苯乙烯基,卤代苯乙烯基,甲基苯乙烯基或由下式表示的基团:
式中R11是氢,C1-4烷基,苄基,C2-5烷酰基或C1-3烷基磺酰基;当X和Y分离时,为氢或C1-4烷基,当X和Y结合在一起时,形成由下式表示的5-或6-元环:
式中R″的定义同上,q是2或3;或者
Q是下式表示的取代氨基:
或Q为下式表示的苯甲酰氨基:
式中b′是整数1-3;
或R4CO是下式表示的酰基:
式中a和a′的定义同上,Z是o或s,n是o或1;
或由下式表示的肟基取代的酰基:
式中RO的定义同上,R′″是氢,C1-4烷基,或由下式表示的羧基取代烷基或环烷基:
式中m是0-3,当c和d分离时,它们各自为氢或C1-3烷基,当它们与碳原子结合在一起时,键合形成3至6元碳环,其中R″″是氢,C1-4烷基或保护羧基的成酯基团。
当R是酰氨基时,如上定义的酰基实例是:乙酰基,丙酰基,氰乙酰基,溴乙酰基,苯乙酰基,苯氧乙酰基,苯硫代乙酰基,苯甲酰基,噻吩乙酰基,呋喃乙酰基,苯并噻吩乙酰基,苯并呋喃乙酰基,苯基甘氨酰,扁桃酰,苯基丙二酰,α-磺苯基乙酰基,α-(4-羟基苯甲酰氨基)苯乙酰,α-(4-乙基吡嗪-2,3-二酮-1-基羰基氨基)-α-苯乙酰基,4-氯-苯硫代乙酰基,4-羟苯基甘氨酰,2,6-二甲氧基-苯甲酰基,3-氯-4-羟苯基甘氨酰,2-(2-氨基-噻唑-4-基)-2-甲氧基亚氨基乙酰基,和2-(2-氨基噻唑-4-基)-2-羧基甲氧基亚氨基乙酰基。
本发明的最佳酰基是苯乙酰基和苯氧乙酰基。
由R表示的被护氨基是通常用来暂时保护氨基的常规保护基。在化合物制备中,为防止因未被保护的氨基所引起的不需要的副反应产生,常常采用此类基团。例如,当氨基在同一分子的不同部位直接与酰化反应或酯化试剂对抗时,则被保护。这类常规保护基的实例是:芳基,芳烷基,烷基,环烷基或双环-氧羰基:
式中R5是芳基,如苯基,4-甲基苯基,或萘基;芳烷基,如苄基或4-甲氧苄基;烷基,如C1-4烷基,例如甲基,乙基或叔丁基;环烷基,如环丙基,环戊基,环己基;双环烷基,如金刚烷基或双环庚烯基等。氨基保护基还可以是游离氨基和β-酮酯或β-二酮(如乙酰乙酸乙酯、乙酰乙酸甲酯、乙酰丙酮或苯甲酰丙酮等)形成的烯胺。可由R表示的其它常规保护剂包括:三苯基甲氨基,二苯基甲氨基,“OX”基团(其中R是4,5-二苯基-4-噁唑啉-2-酮-1-基)或卤代乙酰基(如氯乙酰基或二氯乙酰基)。
式1中由A表示的羧基保护基是常规保护基,通常用于β-内酰胺,使酸性羧基暂时保护,以免与分子其它部位实施的所需反应相对抗。此类保护剂的实施是:烷基,链烯基,卤代烷基,芳烷基,甲硅烷基,用N-羟基化合物酐形成的活性酯等。此类基团的实施是:烷基,如甲基,乙基,叔丁基或叔戊基;链烯基,如烯丙基,2-丁烯基或2,2-二甲基丙烯基;芳烷基,如苄基或取代苄基,如4-甲氧苄基或二苯甲基;甲硅烷基,如三(C1-4烷基)甲硅烷基[如三甲基甲硅烷基,三乙基甲硅烷基,叔丁基-二甲基甲硅烷基或2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙基];用N-羟基化合物(如苯二酰亚氨基,琥珀酰亚胺基或苯基三唑)形成的活性酯;由羧基与卤代甲酸酯反应形成的酐,例如与氯甲酸乙酯、氯甲酸甲酯或氯甲酸异丁酯形成的酐;用其它酸(如乙酸或苯甲酸)形成的酐;用酚(如五氯苯酚)形成的活性酯;以及其它常规羧基保护基,如苯甲酰甲基或氯苯甲酰甲基。
根据式I的R2,“C1-6”指的是直链和支链烷基,例如甲基,乙基,正丙基,异丙基,正丁基,异丁基,叔丁基,正戊基,新戊基,正己基等;“C2-6链烯基”指的是乙烯基,烯丙基,2-丁烯基,3-戊烯基等;“卤素”指的是氟,溴和碘;“C1-4烷氧基”指的是甲氧基,乙氧基,丙氧基,叔丁氧基,亚丁氧基等;“C1-4烷硫基”指的是甲硫基,乙硫基,丙硫基,正丁硫基等;“三(C1-4烷基)甲硅烷基”指的是三甲基甲硅烷基,三乙基甲硅烷基,三-(正丁基)甲硅烷基,叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基等;“C2-6烷酰氧基”指的是乙酰氧基,丙酰氧基,丁酰氧基等;“C1-4烷磺酰氧基”指的是甲磺酰氧基,乙磺酰氧基,正丁磺酰氧基等。
由R′ 2表示的“杂环硫基”指的是具有键合到杂环环碳原子的硫原子的5-和6-元杂环。下文提供了此类基团的实例,为方便起见人为命名作杂环,指明硫基(-S-基)键合到环的位置,如吡咯-2-硫基指的是下述基团:吡啶-2-硫基,吡啶-3-硫基,吡啶-4-硫基,咪唑-2-硫基,吡嗪-2-硫基,嘧啶-2-硫基,S-三嗪-2-硫基,S-三嗪-5-硫基,噻吩基-2-硫基,呋喃基-2-硫基,吡喃-2-硫基,硫代吡喃-2-硫基,三唑基-2-硫基,噁唑基-2-硫基;1,3,4-噁二唑基-2-硫基,1,3,4-噻二唑基-2-硫基,四唑-2-硫基,及类似的5-和6-元杂环硫基。
由其中Y是R4Se-或R4S-的式Ⅰ表示的2-取代甲砜是由式3表示的2-亚甲基砜与硒醇化合物R4SeⅡ或硫醇R4SH反应制得的,其中R4的定义同上,例如,苯硒酚可与3反应,得到2-苯硒基甲砜1,按Wright等人的美国专利NO.3,660,395介绍的方法,用头孢菌素砜代替Wright等人采用的头孢菌素亚砜,可以实施硫醇或硒醇化合物的反应。Wright等人介绍的任何2-硫基取代甲基头孢菌素化合物均可以砜型用作本发明的起始原材料。
通过2-未取代头孢菌素砜的曼尼型反应,可制备2-挂亚甲基砜(3)。例如,7-酰氨基-3-甲基-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸酯砜R3(CO)H和仲胺盐酸盐(如氯化二甲基铵)反应,得到不稳定的二甲基氨甲基加合物。该不稳定加合物分解形成2-挂亚甲基头孢烯砜(3)。制备(3)的方法参见Wright的美国专利NO.3,660,396,其中亚砜型头孢菌素转化成2-挂亚甲基亚砜。由Wright提供的3采用头孢菌素砜取代亚砜型。
醛R3(CO)H的实例是甲醛,乙醛和丙醛。
用已知的2-羧基头孢菌素可以制备其中Y是羧基的起始原料(1).用过量过酸(如m-氯过苯甲酸,过硫酸),或用高锰酸盐首先将2-羧基头孢菌素酯氧化成砜,然后,2-羧基头孢菌素砜转化为酰氯,通过阿恩特-艾斯特反应,与重氮甲烷反应得到2-羧甲基头孢菌素砜(1).
用于本发明方法的头孢菌素砜(1)的实例示于表1。
表Ⅰ
式Ⅰ的2-取代甲基头孢菌素砜
1/pMB=甲氧苄基
2/TCE=2,2,2-三氯乙基
3/DPM=二苯甲基
在本发明的最佳实施例中,采用具有如下特征的式1化合物,即式中Y是R4Se-,R3是氢,Z是R2,其中R2是氯,甲基或氢,R1是氢,R是被护氨基的苯基甘氨酰氨基,A是烯丙基,苄基,二苯甲基,或叔丁基,游离基起始剂是氢化三(正丁基)锡。
本发明的另一最佳实施例包括采用化合物(1),式中R1是氢,Z是=CH2,R3是氢,Y是C6H5Se-,A是烯丙基。
下述实施例用以进一步说明本发明,而不是限制本发明。
制备方法1
烯丙基 7β-苯氧基乙酰氨基-2-挂亚甲基-3-甲基-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸酯1,1-二氧化物的制备。
将42.85g(200mmole)7-氨基-脱乙酰氧基头孢菌素酸(7-ADCA)的400ml二恶烷和200ml水的浆料与200ml 1N氢氧化钠反应30分钟。将130ml丙酮中溶有29ml(210mmole)苯氧基乙酰氯的溶液和100ml 2N氢氧化钠以保持浆料PH为8-9的速度分别和同时滴入该浆料中,得到的溶液减压蒸发,除去挥发物,内二乙醚提取,以除去中性物质。
将71.3g(210mmole)氢氧化四正丁基铵硫酸盐溶于700ml二氯甲烷和700ml水中,该溶液用2N氢氧化钠调节至PH7.5,加入7-苯氧基乙酰氨基-3-甲基-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸钠。将得到的混合物搅拌约5分钟,分离二氯甲烷层,水相用二氯甲烷提取二次,提取液与有机层合并,该有机层用MgSO4干燥,蒸发至棕色油。将该油溶于250ml氯仿,搅拌下加入34.6ml(400mmole)烯丙基溴(已通过活性铝土预过滤),在室温下,将该混合物搅拌约19小时,当薄层层析显示残留起始物时,加入17ml烯丙基溴,将该混合物于搅拌下加热至50℃反应约2小时,反应混合物置于旋转式汽化器,蒸发除去氯仿,浓缩物溶于二乙醚:二氯甲烷(3∶1V/V)中,该溶液用PH7缓冲液提取两次,盐水提取1次,用硫酸镁干燥,减压蒸发该溶液,得 7-苯氧基乙酰氨基-3-甲基-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸烯丙酯,粗制黄色固体。
将粗酯(约200mmole)溶于800ml DMF,将该溶液冷却至5℃,将43.9g(210mmole)m-过苯甲酸(85% tech)的250ml乙酸乙酯溶液以保持温度低于25℃的速度加入冷却溶液中,加完后,薄层层析显示绝大部分是亚砜,另有微量砜,但无起始材料。然后,该混合物升温至室温,得亚砜和砜的混合物,所得混合物与其它砜制剂的化合如下所述:
在室温下,24g(59.3mmole)烯丙基 7-苯氧基乙酰氨基-3-甲基-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸酯1-氧化物的200ml DMF与13.6g(65mmole)m-氯过苯甲酸反应,将反应混合物倒入乙酸乙酯中,该溶液用1N HCl∶盐水(1∶1)提取3次,PH7缓冲液提取1次,碳酸氢盐提取1次,干燥,蒸干。残留物与上述得到的亚砜-砜混合物化合,该砜用二异丙醚-二氯甲烷结晶,母液通过制备性HPLC层析,得到较多的砜产品,所得砜的化合量为43.0g。
将150ml 37%甲醛水溶液加到43.0g(102.2mmole)砜、烯丙基 7β-苯氧基乙酰氨基-3-甲基-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸烯丙酯、1,1-二氧化物的600ml二恶烷溶液中,在室温下搅拌该混合物,加入12.64g(155mmole)氯化二甲基铵,该混合物于室温搅拌约2小时,减压蒸发除去约1/2二恶烷后,形成固体。含固体的所有混合物分配在乙酸乙酯:1N盐水(1∶1)之间,分离乙酸乙酯层,用硫酸镁干燥,置于旋转式汽化器中蒸干,产品的固体残留物用二异丙醚-二氯甲烷结晶,得40.3g(91%)所要求的产品,烯丙基7β-苯氧基乙酰氨基-2-挂亚甲基-3-甲基-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸酯 1,1-二氧化物。
质谱(场解析):M+432
UV光谱(C2H5OH)λmax307nmε=4092
λmax261nmε=7558
IR光谱(KBr):1772cm-1(β-内酰胺羰基)
1732cm-1(酯羰基)
NMR:(CDCl3)δ2.23(s,3H),4.59(s,2H),4.80(d,2H),4.91(d,1H),5.35(d,1H),5.39(d,1H),5.95(m,1H),6.20(d,1H),6.25(d/d,1H),6.65(d,1H),6.90-7.38(芳香H),8.02(d,1H).
制备方法2
烯丙基 7β-丙氧基乙烯氨基-2-苯基硒基甲基-3-甲基-4-羧酸酯 1,1-二氧化物
将过量苯硒酚加到按制备方法1制得的1.30g(3mmole)2-亚甲基砜的10.5ml乙腈溶液中,该溶液在室温下搅拌约30分钟,产物从反应混合物中沉淀,过滤,减压干燥,得446mg标题化合物,无色晶体。将滤液蒸干,用二氯甲烷-二异丙醚结晶产品残留物,得第二批产品。
质谱(场解析):M+590
UV(C2H5OH):λmax239nmε=13481.6
NMR:(CDCl3)δ2.03(s,3H),3.40(d,2H),3.95(t,1H),4.59(s,2H),4.69-4.81(m,3H),5.32(d/d,1H),5.38(d/d,1H),5.85-6.00(m,1H),6.19(d/d,1H),6.90-7.62(芳香 H),8.10(d,1H).
IR(KBr):1766cm-1(β-内酰胺羰基)
1727cm-1(酯羰基)
实施例1
烯丙基 7β-丙氧基乙酰氨基-3-甲基-1-卡巴(dethia)-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸酯
将6.77ml(25.7mmole)氢化三正丁基锡加到5g(8.5mmole)烯丙基 7β-丙氧基乙酰氨基-2-苯基硒基甲基-3-甲基-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸酯 1,1-二氧化物的混悬液中,将反应混合物加热至约100℃,在86℃左右,气体开始从反应混合物放出,持续约15分钟后减少,最高温度可达112℃。
在25分钟后,小部分混合物进行薄层层析,以乙酸乙酯:二氯甲烷(15∶85 V/V)为洗脱剂。层析显示所有起始材料都已反应。
然后,将该反应混合物蒸发,除去二甘醇二甲醚,使残留物溶于乙腈中。该溶液用戊烷洗涤,蒸干,得8.9g黄色油,该油用Florisil层析,第一次用二氯甲烷洗脱,第二次用乙酸乙酯:二氯甲烷(20∶80,V/V)洗脱,第三次用乙酸乙酯洗脱,收集多重馏份,较早得到的馏份是1.12g 7β-苯氧基乙酰氨基-2-(三正丁基锡)甲基-3-甲基-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸酯 1,1-二氧化物;中间馏份含1.66g未鉴别的还原产品,最终馏份为0.93gl-卡巴-3-头孢菌烯和还原产品的混合物。该混合物用硅胶层析,乙酸乙酯:己烷60∶40(V∶V)洗脱后,显示出3斑。
1-卡巴-3-头孢菌烯和还原产品的混合物用硅胶层析,0-60%乙酸乙酯的已烷溶液梯度洗脱,得A),19mg 1-卡巴-3-头孢菌烯;B),510mg混合物;C),73mg薄层上移动较慢的色斑。
根据质谱测定,1-卡巴-3-头孢菌烯 A)烯丙基 7β-丙氧基乙酰氨基-3-甲基-1-卡巴(dethia)-3-头孢菌烯-4-羧酸酯的分子量为370,光谱性质如下:
UV(C2H5OH):λ268;ε=8,584
NMR(CDCl3):δ1.42(m,1H),1.91(m,1H),2.05(s,3H),2.31(m,2H),3.85(m,1H),4.55(s,2H),4.65-4.80(m,4H),5.95(m,1H),6.85-7.30(芳香 H).
将510mg混合物 B)用硅胶层析,梯度洗脱,得49mg烯丙基 7β-丙氧基乙酰氨基-3-甲基-1-卡巴(dethia)-2-头孢菌烯-4-羧酸酯。
质谱:370=M+
NMR(CDCl3):δ1.80(s,2H),2.40(m,1H),2.62(m,1H),3.80(t,1H),4.55(s,2H),4.82(d,1H),5.30(d,1H)5.40(d,1H),5.70(s,1H),5.95(m,1H),6.90-7.42(芳香 H).
UV(C2H5OH):λ268;ε=12970
λ275;ε=2430
1-卡巴-3-头孢菌烯(A)的结构式如下:
由混合物B所得1-卡巴-2-头孢菌烯的结构式如下:
Claims (7)
1、一种式2所示1-卡巴(1-dethia)头孢菌烯化合物的制备方法,其特征在于该方法包括将式A所示2-取代甲基头孢菌素1,1-二氧化物与游离基起始剂反应,所述式2如下
式中:
R是氨基,酰氨基,被保护氨基或C1-4烷基磺酰氨基;
R1是氢或C1-4烷氧基;
Z是由下式表示的二价基团:
式中R2是氢,C1-6烷基,C2-6链烯基,卤素,C1-4烷氧基,
C1-4烷硫基,三(C1-4烷基)-甲硅烷氧基,C2-6烷酰氧基,
C1-4烷基磺酰氧基,三氟甲磺酰氧基,或由式-CH2R2表示的取代甲基,其中R2是羟基,C1-6烷氧基,C1-6烷酰氧基,苯甲酰氧基,C1-6烷硫基,苄硫基,苄氧基,杂环硫基,其中杂环是含1至4个环氮原子和/或氧或硫环原子的5-或6-元杂环的杂环硫基,且其中杂环通过环碳原子键合到硫基;
R3是氢,或C1-3烷基;及
A是羧基保护基。
所述式1如下:
式中R、R1、R3、A和Z的定义同上,Y是游离基前体基团。
2、按权利要求1的方法,其中在45℃至150℃下,于惰性溶剂中实施该方法。
3、按权利要求1的方法,其中R是氨基或酰氨基,R1和R2是氢,Z是
4、按权利要求1的方法,其中Y是游离基前体基团R4Se-或R4S-,
式中R4是C1-4烷基,C3-8环烷基,C2-6链烯基,C2-6链炔基,苯基,萘基,嘧啶基,四唑基,吡啶基,苯并噻吩基,或苯并呋喃基。
5、按权利要求4的方法,其中游离基起始剂是氢化三烷基锡。
6、按权利要求5的方法,其中起始剂是氢化三-(正丁基)锡。
7、按权利要求4的方法,其中R是酰氨基R4CONH-,式中R4CO是C1-5烷酰基,由卤素,氰基或羟基取代的C2-5烷酰基;烷基乙酰基或下式的杂芳基乙酰基:
式中RO是噻吩基,苯并噻吩基,呋喃基,苯并呋喃基,噻唑基,噁唑基,异噁唑基,异噻唑基,吡唑基,噻二唑基,噁二唑基,吡啶基,或由C1-4烷基,氨基,被护氨基或羟基取代的杂环基;环己二烯基、萘基、苯基或由下式表示的取代苯基:
式中a和a′各为氢,卤素,羟基,C1-4烷基,C1-4烷氧基,氨基,氨甲基,甲磺酰氨基,羟基甲基,三氟甲基,羧基,被护羧基,羧甲基或被护羧甲基;Q是氢,羟基,C1-4烷酰氧基,羧基,被护羧基,磺基(-SO3H),氨基,被护氨基,或由下式表示的取代氨基:
式中R′是呋喃基,噻吩基,苯基,卤素,卤代苯基,甲苯基,苯乙烯基,卤代苯乙烯基,甲基苯乙烯基或由下式表示的基团:
式中R″是氢,C1-4烷基,苄基,C2-5烷酰基或C1-3烷基磺酰基;当X和Y分离时,为氢或C1-4烷基,当X和Y结合在一起时,其形成由下式表示的5-或6-元环:
式中R″的定义同上,q是2或3;或者
Q是下式表示的取代氨基:
或Q为下式表示的苯甲酰氨基:
式中b′是整数1-3;
或R4CO是下式表示的酰基:
式中a和a′的定义同上,Z是O或S,n是0或1;
或由下式表示的肟基取代的酰基:
式中R9的定义同上,R′″是氢,C1-4烷基,或由下式表示的羧基取代的烷基或环烷基:
式中m是0-3,当c和d分离时,它们各自为氢或C1-3烷基,当它们与碳原子结合在一起时,键合形成3至6元碳环,其中R″″是氢,C1-4烷基或保护羧基的成酯基团。
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US245,185 | 1988-09-16 | ||
US07/245,185 US4939249A (en) | 1988-09-16 | 1988-09-16 | Process for 1-carba(dethia) cephalosporins |
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CN1025620C CN1025620C (zh) | 1994-08-10 |
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US (1) | US4939249A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0359540A3 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH02121987A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR900004738A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1025620C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU618624B2 (zh) |
BG (1) | BG60055B2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA1338785C (zh) |
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FI (1) | FI93359C (zh) |
HU (1) | HU206716B (zh) |
IL (1) | IL91632A (zh) |
MX (1) | MX17550A (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ230640A (zh) |
PH (1) | PH25984A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL161999B1 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT91704B (zh) |
RO (1) | RO105573B1 (zh) |
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US5453502A (en) * | 1994-03-16 | 1995-09-26 | Eli Lilly And Company | 1,3,4 substituted and bicyclic derivatives of 2-azetidinones and processes for preparation thereof |
US5571910A (en) * | 1994-12-09 | 1996-11-05 | Schering Corporation | Process for the preparation of intermediates useful in the synthesis of cephalosporins |
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US3660395A (en) * | 1970-03-04 | 1972-05-02 | Lilly Co Eli | Thioether cephalosporin compounds |
US3660396A (en) * | 1970-03-04 | 1972-05-02 | Lilly Co Eli | Cephalosporin intermediates and process therefor |
JPS5936914B2 (ja) * | 1978-06-24 | 1984-09-06 | 協和醗酵工業株式会社 | セフアロスポリン類縁体 |
EP0124081A3 (en) * | 1983-05-02 | 1986-11-26 | Merck & Co. Inc. | New substituted cephalosporin sulfones as antiinflammatory and antidegenerative agents, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same and processes for making them |
-
1988
- 1988-09-16 US US07/245,185 patent/US4939249A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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1989
- 1989-09-12 KR KR1019890013260A patent/KR900004738A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 1989-09-14 JP JP1239796A patent/JPH02121987A/ja active Pending
- 1989-09-14 CA CA000611402A patent/CA1338785C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-09-14 BG BG089758A patent/BG60055B2/bg unknown
- 1989-09-14 PL PL89281419A patent/PL161999B1/pl unknown
- 1989-09-14 RO RO141592A patent/RO105573B1/ro unknown
- 1989-09-14 AU AU41386/89A patent/AU618624B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-09-14 CN CN89107223A patent/CN1025620C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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RU1830070C (ru) | 1993-07-23 |
PT91704B (pt) | 1995-05-31 |
CN1025620C (zh) | 1994-08-10 |
PT91704A (pt) | 1990-03-30 |
KR900004738A (ko) | 1990-04-12 |
DK456289A (da) | 1990-03-17 |
DD284235A5 (de) | 1990-11-07 |
FI894326A (fi) | 1990-03-17 |
HUT52505A (en) | 1990-07-28 |
EP0359540A2 (en) | 1990-03-21 |
DK456289D0 (da) | 1989-09-15 |
FI894326A0 (fi) | 1989-09-13 |
FI93359C (fi) | 1995-03-27 |
AU4138689A (en) | 1990-04-05 |
FI93359B (fi) | 1994-12-15 |
PH25984A (en) | 1992-01-13 |
CA1338785C (en) | 1996-12-10 |
BG60055B2 (bg) | 1993-08-30 |
EP0359540A3 (en) | 1991-09-04 |
IL91632A0 (en) | 1990-04-29 |
IL91632A (en) | 1994-10-21 |
US4939249A (en) | 1990-07-03 |
ZA896992B (en) | 1991-05-29 |
RO105573B1 (ro) | 1992-09-25 |
NZ230640A (en) | 1992-02-25 |
JPH02121987A (ja) | 1990-05-09 |
AU618624B2 (en) | 1992-01-02 |
PL161999B1 (pl) | 1993-08-31 |
HU206716B (en) | 1992-12-28 |
MX17550A (es) | 1993-11-01 |
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