CN104157609A - Tft基板的制作方法及其结构 - Google Patents

Tft基板的制作方法及其结构 Download PDF

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CN104157609A
CN104157609A CN201410415830.0A CN201410415830A CN104157609A CN 104157609 A CN104157609 A CN 104157609A CN 201410415830 A CN201410415830 A CN 201410415830A CN 104157609 A CN104157609 A CN 104157609A
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王俊
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TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种TFT基板的制作方法及其结构。该方法包括如下步骤:1、在基板(1)上形成栅极(21);2、沉积栅极绝缘层(3);3、沉积氧化物半导体层(4)与第一光阻层(5);4、以栅极(21)为光罩,对第一光阻层(5)进行背面曝光,形成岛状第一光阻层(51);5、形成岛状氧化物半导体层(41),去除岛状第一光阻层(51);6、形成岛状蚀刻阻挡层(6);7、形成源/漏极(7);8、沉积保护层(8)、第二光阻层(9),并对第二光阻层(9)进行灰阶曝光、显影;9、形成像素电极过孔(81),对第二光阻层(9)进行灰化处理;10、沉积像素电极层(10);11、去除剩余的第二光阻层(9’),形成像素电极(10’);12、退火处理。

Description

TFT基板的制作方法及其结构
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域,尤其涉及一种TFT基板的制作方法及其结构。
背景技术
平板显示装置具有机身薄、省电、无辐射等众多优点,得到了广泛的应用。现有的平板显示装置主要包括液晶显示装置(Liquid Crystal Display,LCD)及有机电致发光显示装置(Organic Light Emitting Display,OLED)。
基于有机发光二极管的OLED显示技术同成熟的LCD相比,OLED是主动发光的显示器,具有自发光、高对比度、宽视角(达170°)、快速响应、高发光效率、低操作电压(3~10V)、超轻薄(厚度小于2mm)等优势,具有更优异的彩色显示画质、更宽广的观看范围和更大的设计灵活性。
薄膜晶体管(Thin Film Transistor,TFT)是平板显示装置的重要组成部分,可形成在玻璃基板或塑料基板上,通常作为开光装置和驱动装置用在诸如LCD、OLED、电泳显示装置(EPD)上。
氧化物半导体TFT技术是当前的热门技术。由于氧化物半导体的载流子迁移率是非晶硅半导体的20-30倍,具有较高的电子迁移率,可以大大提高TFT对像素电极的充放电速率,提高像素的响应速度,实现更快的刷新率,并能够提高像素的行扫描速率,使得制作超高分辨率的平板显示装置成为可能。相比低温多晶硅(LTPS),氧化物半导体制程简单,与非晶硅制程相容性较高,可以应用于LCD、OLED、柔性显示(Flexible)等领域,且与高世代生产线兼容,可应用于大中小尺寸显示,具有良好的应用发展前景。
现有的TFT基板结构,一般包括基板、栅极、栅极绝缘层、氧化物半导体层、蚀刻阻挡层、源/漏极、像素电极层等。在其制作过程中,除基板外,每一层结构的形成均需要通过一道光刻制程,而每一道光刻制程包括成膜、黄光、蚀刻、剥离等制程工序,其中黄光制程又包括涂布光阻、曝光、显影,且每一道黄光制程需要制作一光罩,造成工序流程较长,制作工艺较复杂,生产效率较低;所需的光罩数量较多,生产成本较高;同时工序越多,累积的良率问题也越凸显。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种TFT基板的制作方法,能显著的减少制程步骤,简化工艺流程,缩短制程时间,提高生产效率,同时减少光罩数量,降低生产成本,提升产品良率。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种TFT基板结构,其工艺流程较短,生产效率较高,生产成本较低。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供一种TFT基板的制作方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤1、提供一基板,在该基板上沉积第一金属层,并图案化该第一金属层,形成栅极;
步骤2、在所述栅极与基板上沉积栅极绝缘层;
步骤3、在所述栅极绝缘层上依次沉积氧化物半导体层、与第一光阻层;
步骤4、以所述栅极作为光罩,对所述第一光阻层进行背面曝光,形成位于所述栅极正上方的岛状第一光阻层;
步骤5、根据岛状第一光阻层的图案蚀刻所述氧化物半导体层,形成位于所述栅极正上方的岛状氧化物半导体层,再去除所述岛状第一光阻层;
步骤6、在所述岛状氧化物半导体层与栅极绝缘层上沉积并图案化蚀刻阻挡层,形成位于所述氧化物半导体层上的岛状蚀刻阻挡层;
所述岛状蚀刻阻挡层的宽度小于所述岛状氧化物半导体层的宽度;所述岛状蚀刻阻挡层覆盖岛状氧化物半导体层的中间部而暴露出岛状氧化物半导体层的两侧部;
步骤7、在所述岛状蚀刻阻挡层与栅极绝缘层上沉积并图案化第二金属层,形成源/漏极;
所述源/漏极与所述岛状氧化物半导体层的两侧部接触,形成电性连接;
步骤8、在所述源/漏极与岛状蚀刻阻挡层上依次沉积保护层、第二光阻层,并对该第二光阻层进行灰阶曝光、显影,在对应欲形成像素电极过孔的位置形成全曝光区域,在对应欲形成像素电极的位置形成灰阶曝光区域;
步骤9、去除位于所述全曝光区域下方的保护层,形成像素电极过孔,再对所述第二光阻层进行灰化处理,去除所述灰阶曝光区域;
步骤10、在剩余的第二光阻层与保护层上沉积像素电极层;
步骤11、去除所述剩余的第二光阻层及沉积于其上的部分像素电极层,形成像素电极;
所述像素电极填充所述像素电极过孔,与所述源/漏极接触,形成电性连接;
步骤12、对步骤11的基板进行退火处理。
所述图案化通过黄光与蚀刻制程实现。
所述岛状氧化物半导体层为IGZO半导体层。
所述保护层的材料为SiO2或SiON。
所述步骤9中,通过干法蚀刻去除位于所述全曝光区域下方的保护层,形成像素电极过孔;再通过干法蚀刻对所述第二光阻层进行灰化处理,去除所述灰阶曝光区域。
所述像素电极的材料为ITO或IZO。
所述步骤11中,利用所述剩余的第二光阻层与保护层之间的厚度差,通过剥离工艺去除所述剩余的第二光阻层及沉积于其上的部分像素电极层。
所述基板为玻璃基板。
本发明还提供一种TFT基板结构,包括:一基板、位于基板上的栅极、位于栅极与基板上的栅极绝缘层、于栅极正上方位于栅极绝缘层上的岛状氧化物半岛体层、位于岛状氧化物半导体层上的岛状蚀刻阻挡层、位于岛状蚀刻阻挡层与栅极绝缘层上的源/漏极,位于所述源/漏极与蚀刻阻挡层上的保护层、及位于保护层上的像素电极;所述岛状氧化物半岛体层包括中间部与两侧部;所述岛状蚀刻阻挡层的宽度小于所述岛状氧化物半导体层的宽度,仅覆盖所述中间部;所述源/漏极与所述两侧部接触,形成电性连接;所述保护层具有位于所述岛状氧化物半导体层一侧的像素电极过孔,所述像素电极填充所述像素电极过孔与所述源/漏极接触,形成电性连接。
所述基板为玻璃基板,所述岛状氧化物半导体层为IGZO半导体层,所述保护层的材料为SiO2或SiON,所述像素电极的材料为ITO或IZO。
本发明的有益效果:本发明的TFT基板的制作方法,通过以栅极作为光罩对第一光阻层进行背面曝光以形成岛状氧化物半导体层,对第二光阻层进行灰阶曝光以形成像素电极过孔与像素电极,仅使用四道光罩即完成TFT基板的制作,能显著的减少制程步骤,简化工艺流程,缩短制程时间,提高生产效率,同时减少光罩数量,降低生产成本,提升产品良率,且由于采用自对位的制程工艺,提高了对位精度,还能提高显示装置的开口率与发光效率。本发明的TFT基板结构,工艺流程较短,生产效率较高,生产成本较低。
附图说明
下面结合附图,通过对本发明的具体实施方式详细描述,将使本发明的技术方案及其它有益效果显而易见。
附图中,
图1为本发明TFT基板的制作方法的流程图;
图2、图3为本发明TFT基板的制作方法的步骤1的示意图;
图4为本发明TFT基板的制作方法的步骤2的示意图;
图5为本发明TFT基板的制作方法的步骤3的示意图;
图6为本发明TFT基板的制作方法的步骤4的示意图;
图7为本发明TFT基板的制作方法的步骤5的示意图;
图8为本发明TFT基板的制作方法的步骤6的示意图;
图9为本发明TFT基板的制作方法的步骤7的示意图;
图10为本发明TFT基板的制作方法的步骤8的示意图;
图11为本发明TFT基板的制作方法的步骤9的示意图;
图12为本发明TFT基板的制作方法的步骤10的示意图;
图13为本发明TFT基板的制作方法的步骤11的示意图暨本发明TFT基板结构的示意图。
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明所采取的技术手段及其技术效果,以下结合本发明的优选实施例及其附图进行详细描述。
请参阅图1,本发明首先提供一种TFT基板的制作方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤1、请参阅图2、图3,提供一基板1,在该基板1上沉积第一金属层2,并使用一道普通光罩进行黄光与蚀刻制程图案化该第一金属层2,形成栅极21。
所述基板2为透明基板,优选的,所述基板1为玻璃基板。
步骤2、请参阅图4,在所述栅极21与基板1上沉积栅极绝缘层3。
该栅极绝缘层3完全覆盖所述基板1。
步骤3、请参阅图5,在所述栅极绝缘层3上依次沉积氧化物半导体层4、与第一光阻层5。
所述氧化物半导体层4为铟镓锌氧化物(IGZO)半导体层。
步骤4、请参阅图6,以所述栅极21作为光罩,对所述第一光阻层5进行背面曝光,形成位于所述栅极21正上方的岛状第一光阻层51。
在该步骤4中,光线由所述基板1的底面朝向所述光阻层5进行照射,以所述栅极21作为光罩对光阻层5进行曝光,节省了一道光罩,简化了工艺流程,缩短了制程时间,降低了生产成本,同时将栅极21作为光罩,实现了自对位制程,能够提高对位精度,提高显示装置的开口率与发光效率。
步骤5、请参阅图7,根据岛状第一光阻层51的图案蚀刻所述氧化物半导体层4,形成位于所述栅极21正上方的岛状氧化物半导体层41,再通过剥离工艺去除所述岛状第一光阻层51。
所述氧化物半导体层41为IGZO半导体层。
步骤6、请参阅图8,在所述岛状氧化物半导体层41与栅极绝缘层3上沉积并使用一道普通光罩进行黄光与蚀刻制程图案化蚀刻阻挡层,形成位于所述氧化物半导体层41上的岛状蚀刻阻挡层6。
进一步的,所述岛状蚀刻阻挡层6的宽度小于所述岛状氧化物半导体层41的宽度;所述岛状蚀刻阻挡层6覆盖岛状氧化物半导体层41的中间部411而暴露出岛状氧化物半导体层41的两侧部413。
步骤7、请参阅图9,在所述岛状蚀刻阻挡层6与栅极绝缘层3上沉积并使用一道普通光罩进行黄光与蚀刻制程图案化第二金属层,形成源/漏极7。
所述源/漏极7与所述岛状氧化物半导体层41的两侧部413接触,形成电性连接。
步骤8、请参阅图10,在所述源/漏极7与岛状蚀刻阻挡层6上依次沉积保护层8、第二光阻层9,并使用光罩对该第二光阻层9进行灰阶曝光、显影,在对应欲形成像素电极过孔的位置形成全曝光区域91,在对应欲形成像素电极的位置形成灰阶曝光区域93。
所述保护层8材料为SiO2或SiON。
在该步骤8中,通过对第二光阻层9进行灰阶曝光,同时定义出了保护层的像素电极过孔、及像素电极的图案,节省了光罩,简化了工艺流程,缩短了制程时间,提高了生产效率,同时减少光罩数量,降低了生产成本。
步骤9、请参阅图11,通过干法蚀刻去除位于所述全曝光区域91下方的保护层8,形成像素电极过孔81,以暴露出所述源/漏极7的表面;再通入氧气,通过干法蚀刻对所述第二光阻层9进行灰化处理,去除所述灰阶曝光区域93。
步骤10、请参阅图12,在剩余的第二光阻层9’与保护层8上沉积像素电极层10。
所述像素电极层10的材料为氧化铟锡(ITO)或氧化铟锡(IZO)。
步骤11、请参阅图13,利用所述剩余的第二光阻层9’与保护层8之间的厚度差,通过剥离工艺去除所述剩余的第二光阻层9’及沉积于其上的部分像素电极层10,形成像素电极10’。
进一步的,所述像素电极10’填充所述像素电极过孔81,与所述源/漏极7接触,形成电性连接。
所述像素电极10’的材料为ITO或IZO。
步骤12、对步骤11的基板1进行退火处理,完成TFT基板的制作。
请参阅图13,在上述TFT基板的制作方法的基础上,本发明还提供一种TFT基板结构,包括一基板1、位于基板1上的栅极21、位于栅极21与基板1上的栅极绝缘层3、于栅极21正上方位于栅极绝缘层3上的岛状氧化物半岛体层41、位于岛状氧化物半导体层41上的岛状蚀刻阻挡层6、位于岛状蚀刻阻挡层6与栅极绝缘层3上的源/漏极7,位于所述源/漏极7与蚀刻阻挡层6上的保护层8、及位于保护层8上的像素电极10’。
所述岛状氧化物半岛体层41包括中间部411与两侧部413;所述岛状蚀刻阻挡层6的宽度小于所述岛状氧化物半导体层41的宽度,仅覆盖所述中间部411。所述源/漏极7与所述两侧部413接触,形成电性连接。所述保护层8具有位于所述岛状氧化物半导体层41一侧的像素电极过孔81,所述像素电极10’填充所述像素电极过孔81与所述源/漏极7接触,形成电性连接。
所述基板1为玻璃基板,所述岛状氧化物半导体层41为IGZO半导体层,所述保护层8的材料为SiO2或SiON,所述像素电极10’的材料为ITO或IZO。
综上所述,本发明的TFT基板的制作方法,通过以栅极作为光罩对第一光阻层进行背面曝光以形成岛状氧化物半导体层,对第二光阻层进行灰阶曝光以形成像素电极过孔与像素电极,仅使用四道光罩即完成TFT基板的制作,能显著的减少制程步骤,简化工艺流程,缩短制程时间,提高生产效率,同时减少光罩数量,降低生产成本,提升产品良率,且由于采用自对位的制程工艺,提高了对位精度,还能提高显示装置的开口率与发光效率。本发明的TFT基板结构,工艺流程较短,生产效率较高,生产成本较低。
以上所述,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,可以根据本发明的技术方案和技术构思作出其他各种相应的改变和变形,而所有这些改变和变形都应属于本发明后附的权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种TFT基板的制作方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤1、提供一基板(1),在该基板(1)上沉积第一金属层(2),并图案化该第一金属层(2),形成栅极(21);
步骤2、在所述栅极(21)与基板(1)上沉积栅极绝缘层(3);
步骤3、在所述栅极绝缘层(3)上依次沉积氧化物半导体层(4)、与第一光阻层(5);
步骤4、以所述栅极(21)作为光罩,对所述第一光阻层(5)进行背面曝光,形成位于所述栅极(21)正上方的岛状第一光阻层(51);
步骤5、根据岛状第一光阻层(51)的图案蚀刻所述氧化物半导体层(4),形成位于所述栅极(21)正上方的岛状氧化物半导体层(41),再去除所述岛状第一光阻层(51);
步骤6、在所述岛状氧化物半导体层(41)与栅极绝缘层(3)上沉积并图案化蚀刻阻挡层,形成位于所述氧化物半导体层(41)上的岛状蚀刻阻挡层(6);
所述岛状蚀刻阻挡层(6)的宽度小于所述岛状氧化物半导体层(41)的宽度;所述岛状蚀刻阻挡层(6)覆盖岛状氧化物半导体层(41)的中间部(411)而暴露出岛状氧化物半导体层(41)的两侧部(413);
步骤7、在所述岛状蚀刻阻挡层(6)与栅极绝缘层(3)上沉积并图案化第二金属层,形成源/漏极(7);
所述源/漏极(7)与所述岛状氧化物半导体层(41)的两侧部(413)接触,形成电性连接;
步骤8、在所述源/漏极(7)与岛状蚀刻阻挡层(6)上依次沉积保护层(8)、第二光阻层(9),并对该第二光阻层(9)进行灰阶曝光、显影,在对应欲形成像素电极过孔的位置形成全曝光区域(91),在对应欲形成像素电极的位置形成灰阶曝光区域(93);
步骤9、去除位于所述全曝光区域(91)下方的保护层(8),形成像素电极过孔(81),再对所述第二光阻层(9)进行灰化处理,去除所述灰阶曝光区域(93);
步骤10、在剩余的第二光阻层(9’)与保护层(8)上沉积像素电极层(10);
步骤11、去除所述剩余的第二光阻层(9’)及沉积于其上的部分像素电极层(10),形成像素电极(10’);
所述像素电极(10’)填充所述像素电极过孔(81),与所述源/漏极(7)接触,形成电性连接;
步骤12、对步骤11的基板(1)进行退火处理。
2.如权利要求1所述的TFT基板的制作方法,其特征在于,所述图案化通过黄光与蚀刻制程实现。
3.如权利要求1所述的TFT基板的制作方法,其特征在于,所述岛状氧化物半导体层(41)为IGZO半导体层。
4.如权利要求1所述的TFT基板的制作方法,其特征在于,所述保护层(8)的材料为SiO2或SiON。
5.如权利要求1所述的TFT基板的制作方法,其特征在于,所述步骤9中,通过干法蚀刻去除位于所述全曝光区域(91)下方的保护层(8),形成像素电极过孔(81);再通过干法蚀刻对所述第二光阻层(9)进行灰化处理,去除所述灰阶曝光区域(93)。
6.如权利要求1所述的TFT基板的制作方法,其特征在于,所述像素电极(10’)的材料为ITO或IZO。
7.如权利要求1所述的TFT基板的制作方法,其特征在于,所述步骤11中,利用所述剩余的第二光阻层(9’)与保护层(8)之间的厚度差,通过剥离工艺去除所述剩余的第二光阻层(9’)及沉积于其上的部分像素电极层(10)。
8.如权利要求1所述的TFT基板的制作方法,其特征在于,所述基板(1)为玻璃基板。
9.一种TFT基板结构,其特征在于,包括一基板(1)、位于基板(1)上的栅极(21)、位于栅极(21)与基板(1)上的栅极绝缘层(3)、于栅极(21)正上方位于栅极绝缘层(3)上的岛状氧化物半岛体层(41)、位于岛状氧化物半导体层(41)上的岛状蚀刻阻挡层(6)、位于岛状蚀刻阻挡层(6)与栅极绝缘层(3)上的源/漏极(7),位于所述源/漏极(7)与蚀刻阻挡层(6)上的保护层(8)、及位于保护层(8)上的像素电极(10’);所述岛状氧化物半岛体层(41)包括中间部(411)与两侧部(413);所述岛状蚀刻阻挡层(6)的宽度小于所述岛状氧化物半导体层(41)的宽度,仅覆盖所述中间部(411);所述源/漏极(7)与所述两侧部(413)接触,形成电性连接;所述保护层(8)具有位于所述岛状氧化物半导体层(41)一侧的像素电极过孔(81),所述像素电极(10’)填充所述像素电极过孔(81)与所述源/漏极(7)接触,形成电性连接。
10.如权利要求9所述的TFT基板结构,其特征在于,所述基板(1)为玻璃基板,所述岛状氧化物半导体层(41)为IGZO半导体层,所述保护层(8)的材料为SiO2或SiON,所述像素电极(10’)的材料为ITO或IZO。
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