CN104082031A - Arid region heavily-salted original soil afforesting method - Google Patents
Arid region heavily-salted original soil afforesting method Download PDFInfo
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses an arid region heavily-salted original soil afforesting method. The arid region heavily-salted original soil afforesting method includes the steps that sand doping is firstly carried out to improve the physical structure of soil in a planting area, annual growth halophyte is planted in the first year to achieve afforesting and soil partial desalting, ridging is carried out in the second year to construct furrow terrains, tamarix chinensis, amorpha fruticosa and sweet clover which are resistant to salt are planted on ridges in a trickle irrigation mode to achieve biological salt moving and soil fertilizing, and suaeda salsa is planted in furrows in a trickle irrigation mode to increase the earth surface cover degree, improve physical-chemical properties of soil and desalt the soil. By means of the arid region heavily-salted original soil afforesting method, the physical improvement and the biological improvement of the salted soil are integrated, the technical measures of furrow cultivation and water saving trickle irrigation are combined, the arid region heavily-salted original soil afforesting method is easy and convenient to operate and low in cost, and the stability and the sustainability of the heavily-salted original soil afforesting are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses a kind of arid biogeographic zone heavily salted original soil greening method, specifically relate to a kind of saline soil and mix husky improvement, annual halophytes plantation, the order of ridging cultivation halophytes, green manure plant is afforested the method for improving the soil.
Background technology
China's In China West Arid Land saline soil distribution area is wide, a lot of cities with " oasis " distributions in saline and alkaline region.Salinization soil is often that people transform living environment, implement the obstacle that afforestation project often runs into.There is the lifting that has restricted urban afforestation and integrated environment quality in the large area of salt-affected soil.Saline soil generally has the features such as the bulk density of soil is high, viscous, air capacity of soils is poor, osmotic coefficient is low, capillarity is strong.In soil, contain too much salinity and can reduce soil water potential, thereby cause plant " physiological drought ", be unfavorable for plant growth, often form large-area " bare land ", cause single landscape.The most subterranean water level in saline soil area is shallow, salinity is high.RS in Alkali Region greening, improving survival rate is the most important thing, and perched water, diving buried depth and salinity are to cause the major obstacle of nursery stock death.Shallow from the many subterranean water level in saline soil area, salinity is high, soil salinization degree is heavy and the present situation of region freshwater resources scarcity, in the urgent need to research, with soil melioration, plant species screening configuration, irrigation method, select the integrated approach combining, be about to engineering measure and combine with biological control measure, Soil management measure, develop greening technique sustainable, long stable effect.
First Halogenic soil planting must solve the too high problem of soil salt.In agricultural production, people are often by " flood irrigation pressure salt " too much soil salt of drip washing, but this mode has relatively high expectations to pumping equipment, and cost is large and need to consume a large amount of freshwater resources.The method that Halogenic soil planting is comparatively conventional is soil moved in to improve the original displacement, with nonsaline-alkali soil earth matrix, substitute the salt marsh original soil of certain depth soil layer, after quarantine measures, on soil moved in to improve the original, afforest, conventionally have cost height and the low problem of follow-up survival rate, and be difficult to realize the stable and sustainable of greening system.For realizing the stable, sustainable of Halogenic soil planting, 2010 begin, and use for reference saline-alkali soil greening technique, and we have screened the halophytes kind that is suitable for greening, the technical measures such as, biological modification physically improved in conjunction with saline-alkali soil and water-saving drip irrigation, have proposed heavily salted original soil greening method.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, a kind of arid biogeographic zone heavily salted original soil greening method is provided, and first the method mixes husky to improve growing area soil structure, First Year by plant annual halophytes and realize greening and soil partially desalted and improve soil physics structure; Utilize the water salt migration rule under condition of drip irrigation, Second Year is by " ridging " structure furrow landform, regularly drip irrigation is discharged to furrow by most of salinity on ridge, recycling halophytes removes salinity: drip irrigation plantation Chinese tamarisk and shrubby flase indigo on ridge, the daghestan sweet clover leguminous plant of planting salt tolerant in the ranks and between spacing in the rows is realized greening and improvement of soil fertility, desalination, and in the cunette of ridge, drip irrigation plantation Suaeda salsa increases coverage and soil organisms moves salt.Physically improved, the biological modification of the method for the invention is integrated salt affected soil also combines furrow farming and water-saving drip irrigation technical measures, easy and simple to handle, cost is low, has realized the stable and sustainable of saline land original soil greening.
A kind of arid biogeographic zone heavily salted original soil greening method of the present invention, is characterized in that following these steps to carrying out:
Mix sand and improve soil structure:
A, select heavily salted soil, take the mode of mixing husky improvement to improve soil water permeability, green belt 40cm topsoil 20% is mixed to husky processing by volume, plough dark 0.4m;
First Year greening:
B, sowing: by the parallel laying of spacing 0.6-0.8m irrigate band, Suaeda salsa seed broadcasting, in both sides, irrigate band, is formed to the seeding belt of 0.3-0.4 m;
C, irrigation: after planting pour water immediately, the seeding stage poured water 1 time every 2 days, pour water and take moistening peak just to have arrived two adjacent irrigate band center lines be degree, and the soil moisture of take after seedling stage is carried out moisturizing as 15% time, and each irrigation quantity is controlled at 120m
3/ hm
2-150m
3/ hm
2;
D, harvesting: during late October to early November, will after the acrial part harvesting of Suaeda salsa, take out of;
Second Year greening:
E, ditching, ridging: along parallel greenbelt direction, spacing 3.0m trench digging, furrow width 1.0-1.5m, degree of depth 0.4m, is laid in adjacent mesocolpium territory by the earthwork tripping out in ditch, forms ridge;
F, planting technique: on ridge, planting 3 row shrubs is shrubby flase indigo and Chinese tamarisk, in shrub, broadcast sowing daghestan sweet clover in the ranks, along shrub row to laying irrigate band, in the cunette of ridge, broadcast sowing Suaeda salsa, adopt micro-spray or the two row irrigate band modes of laying are irrigated, each irrigation quantity be take the vertical moistening peak of soil and is reached 0.2-0.3m as degree;
G, harvesting: after acrial part harvesting that will Suaeda salsa during late October to early November, take out of, on ridge daghestan sweet clover rotary tillage field also.
The selected heavily salted soil of step a is the sticky heavy saline heavily hardening.
In step f, on ridge, planting 3 row shrubs is the first row plantation Chinese tamarisk, the second row plantation shrubby flase indigo, and the third line plantation Chinese tamarisk, by that analogy.
A kind of arid biogeographic zone heavily salted original soil greening technique of the present invention, the feature of the method is:
Bury of groundwater is shallow, salinity is high, sticky heavily the hardening of soil is an important feature of heavily salted soil.By mixing the husky soil permeability that increases, be beneficial to shifting out of soil salt; By plantation halophytes, afforest, the deep layer growth of root system had both promoted Soil Desalting, had increased again the maturing process of saline soil; By " ridging ", relatively reduced bury of groundwater, the growth that can be later stage root system of plant provides good space; By drip irrigation on ridge, not only effectively using water wisely, can also be by the growth of halophytes, reaches absorption → enrichment → move salt; With plant evaporation, replace evaporation bare soil, control the gathering of salinity on ridge, and on lasting ridge, fresh water drip irrigation can guarantee the downward drip washing of soil salt on ridge.The method of the invention, has solved saline land greening and has been difficult to a lasting difficult problem.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
2009-2010, in the no longer cultivated heavy salinized ground of Kelamayi agricultural development, carried out experiment and demonstration:
Mix sand and improve soil structure
A, select heavily salted soil for the sticky heavy saline heavily hardening, for the sticky heavy and poor feature of permeability of soil, take the mode of mixing husky improvement to improve soil water permeability, to green belt 40cm topsoil by volume 20% ratio mix husky processing, plough dark 0.4m;
First Year greening
B, sowing: by the parallel laying of spacing 0.6m irrigate band, Suaeda salsa seed broadcasting, in both sides, irrigate band, is formed to the seeding belt of 0.3m;
C, irrigation: after planting pour water immediately, the seeding stage poured water 1 time every 2 days, pour water and take moistening peak just to have arrived two adjacent irrigate band center lines be degree, and the soil moisture of take after seedling stage is carried out moisturizing as 15% time, and each irrigation quantity is controlled at 120m
3/ hm
2;
D, harvesting: during late October to early November, will after the acrial part harvesting of Suaeda salsa, take out of;
Second Year greening
E, ditching, ridging: along parallel greenbelt direction, spacing 3.0m trench digging, furrow width 1.5m, degree of depth 0.4m, is laid in adjacent mesocolpium territory by the earthwork tripping out in ditch, forms ridge;
F, planting technique: on ridge, planting 3 row shrubs is shrubby flase indigo and Chinese tamarisk, the first row plantation Chinese tamarisk, the second row plantation shrubby flase indigo, the third line plantation Chinese tamarisk, by that analogy, broadcasts sowing daghestan sweet clover in the ranks in shrub, along shrub row to laying irrigate band, in the cunette of ridge, broadcast sowing Suaeda salsa, adopt micro-spray or the two row irrigate band modes of laying are irrigated, each irrigation quantity be take the vertical moistening peak of soil and is reached 0.2m as degree;
G, harvesting: after acrial part harvesting that will Suaeda salsa during late October to early November, take out of, on ridge daghestan sweet clover rotary tillage field also.
Embodiment 2
2011-2012, on newly-ploughed saline land, little Guai township, Kelamayi, test:
Mix sand and improve soil structure
A, select heavily salted soil for the sticky heavy saline heavily hardening, for the sticky heavy and poor feature of permeability of soil, take the mode of mixing husky improvement to improve soil water permeability, to green belt 40cm topsoil by volume 20% ratio mix husky processing, plough dark 0.4m;
First Year greening
B, sowing: by the parallel laying of spacing 0.8m irrigate band, Suaeda salsa seed broadcasting, in both sides, irrigate band, is formed to the seeding belt of 0.4m;
C, irrigation: after planting pour water immediately, the seeding stage poured water 1 time every 2 days, pour water and take moistening peak just to have arrived two adjacent irrigate band center lines be degree, and the soil moisture of take after seedling stage is carried out moisturizing as 15% time, and each irrigation quantity is controlled at 150m
3/ hm
2;
D, harvesting: during late October to early November, will after the acrial part harvesting of Suaeda salsa, take out of;
Second Year greening
E, ditching, ridging: along parallel greenbelt direction, spacing 4.0m trench digging, furrow width 2.0m, degree of depth 0.4m, is laid in adjacent mesocolpium territory by the earthwork tripping out in ditch, forms ridge;
F, planting technique: on ridge, planting 3 row shrubs is shrubby flase indigo and Chinese tamarisk, the first row plantation Chinese tamarisk, the second row plantation shrubby flase indigo, the third line plantation Chinese tamarisk, in shrub, broadcast sowing daghestan sweet clover in the ranks by that analogy, along shrub row to laying irrigate band, in the cunette of ridge, broadcast sowing Suaeda salsa, adopt micro-spray or the two row irrigate band modes of laying are irrigated, each irrigation quantity be take the vertical moistening peak of soil and is reached 0.2-0.3m as degree;
G, harvesting: after acrial part harvesting that will Suaeda salsa during late October to early November, take out of, on ridge daghestan sweet clover rotary tillage field also.
The present invention shows in the test of agricultural development He little Guai township, Kelamayi saline land greening, implement the inventive method, soil physico-chemical property improves, the bulk density of soil by the 1.5-1.8 before transforming reduce to 1.1-1.3, pH average by the 7.6-8.8 before transforming reduce to 7.4-7.8, soil salt content is reduced to 1.2%-2.4%, ground surface soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil phenomenon by the 2.3%-3.4% before transforming and is also substantially disappeared, shrub survival rate reaches more than 80%, and former exposed earth's surface cover degree has reached more than 90%.
Claims (3)
1. an arid biogeographic zone heavily salted original soil greening method, is characterized in that following these steps to carrying out:
Mix sand and improve soil structure:
A, select heavily salted soil, take the mode of mixing husky improvement to improve soil water permeability, green belt 40cm topsoil 20% is mixed to husky processing by volume, plough dark 0.4m;
First Year greening:
B, sowing: by the parallel laying of spacing 0.6-0.8m irrigate band, Suaeda salsa seed broadcasting, in both sides, irrigate band, is formed to the seeding belt of 0.3-0.4 m;
C, irrigation: after planting pour water immediately, the seeding stage poured water 1 time every 2 days, pour water and take moistening peak just to have arrived two adjacent irrigate band center lines be degree, and the soil moisture of take after seedling stage is carried out moisturizing as 15% time, and each irrigation quantity is controlled at 120m
3/ hm
2-150m
3/ hm
2;
D, harvesting: during late October to early November, will after the acrial part harvesting of Suaeda salsa, take out of;
Second Year greening:
E, ditching, ridging: along greenbelt direction, open parallel ditch, spacing 3.0m, furrow width 1.0-1.5m, degree of depth 0.4m, is laid in adjacent mesocolpium territory by the earthwork tripping out in ditch, forms ridge;
F, planting technique: on ridge, planting 3 row shrubs is shrubby flase indigo and Chinese tamarisk, in shrub, broadcast sowing daghestan sweet clover in the ranks, along shrub row to laying irrigate band, in the cunette of ridge, broadcast sowing Suaeda salsa, adopt micro-spray or the two row irrigate band modes of laying are irrigated, each irrigation quantity be take the vertical moistening peak of soil and is reached 0.2-0.3m as degree;
G, harvesting: after acrial part harvesting that will Suaeda salsa during late October to early November, take out of, on ridge daghestan sweet clover rotary tillage field also.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the selected heavily salted soil of step a is the sticky heavy saline heavily hardening.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that in step f, planting 3 row shrubs on ridge is the first row plantation Chinese tamarisk, the second row plantation shrubby flase indigo, the third line plantation Chinese tamarisk.
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104380955A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-03-04 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | Method for afforesting heavily saline-alkaline natural soil of urban construction reserve lands |
| CN104396494A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-03-11 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | Method for greening original soil of heavy saline-alkali land |
| CN104429469A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-03-25 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Saline land suaeda salsa and oil sunflower ridge intercropping method under condition of heavy saline-alkali soil |
| CN104938173A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-09-30 | 新疆新绿农业开发有限责任公司 | Method for planting sainfoin at saline-alkali slope wasteland of arid region |
| CN105027937A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-11-11 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for improving closed irrigation area saline-alkali land through combination of trees, shrubs and grass |
| CN105123183A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-12-09 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Method for planting Suaeda salsa on saline-alkali land |
| CN105123215A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-09 | 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所 | Planting method of edible suaeda salsa on severe solonchak condition |
| CN105638017A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-06-08 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for improving hardened viscous heavy saline soil in arid region |
| CN105993805A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-10-12 | 山东农业大学 | Building method of saline-alkali soil high-ridge orchard |
| CN107371440A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-11-24 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | The low-lying heavy salinized ground drip irrigation ridge culture Qiao shrub stereo plantation method in arid area |
| CN107896797A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-04-13 | 阜阳市鸿业生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of apricot crop cycle property irrigation technique |
| CN109197411A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-01-15 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of method of the wide ridge under-film drip irrigation plantation salt tolerant forage grass of arid biogeographic zone sand stain soil zanjon |
| CN109362466A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-02-22 | 山东柽霖生态科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method of arid biogeographic zone heavy saline seedling growth |
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| CN104380955A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-03-04 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | Method for afforesting heavily saline-alkaline natural soil of urban construction reserve lands |
| CN104396494A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-03-11 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | Method for greening original soil of heavy saline-alkali land |
| CN104429469B (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2016-08-24 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Suaeda salsa and oil certain herbaceous plants with big flowers ridge intercropping method under the conditions of a kind of heavy saline |
| CN104429469A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-03-25 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Saline land suaeda salsa and oil sunflower ridge intercropping method under condition of heavy saline-alkali soil |
| CN104938173A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-09-30 | 新疆新绿农业开发有限责任公司 | Method for planting sainfoin at saline-alkali slope wasteland of arid region |
| CN105123183A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-12-09 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Method for planting Suaeda salsa on saline-alkali land |
| CN105027937B (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of method in tall shrub combined improved closing irrigated area salt-soda soil |
| CN105027937A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-11-11 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for improving closed irrigation area saline-alkali land through combination of trees, shrubs and grass |
| CN105123215A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-09 | 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所 | Planting method of edible suaeda salsa on severe solonchak condition |
| CN105638017A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-06-08 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for improving hardened viscous heavy saline soil in arid region |
| CN105993805B (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2019-02-01 | 山东农业大学 | The construction method in salt-soda soil high ridge orchard |
| CN105993805A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-10-12 | 山东农业大学 | Building method of saline-alkali soil high-ridge orchard |
| CN107371440A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-11-24 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | The low-lying heavy salinized ground drip irrigation ridge culture Qiao shrub stereo plantation method in arid area |
| CN107896797A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-04-13 | 阜阳市鸿业生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of apricot crop cycle property irrigation technique |
| CN109197411A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-01-15 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of method of the wide ridge under-film drip irrigation plantation salt tolerant forage grass of arid biogeographic zone sand stain soil zanjon |
| CN109362466A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-02-22 | 山东柽霖生态科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method of arid biogeographic zone heavy saline seedling growth |
| CN109618589A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-16 | 太仓市农业技术推广中心 | A kind of method of soil secondary salinization in improvement facility cultivation |
| CN112243630A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-22 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Soil-improving and salt-transferring method for regional scale |
| CN113994785A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-02-01 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for transforming desert soil by simulating natural geological process of saline-alkali occurrence in arid region |
| CN113994785B (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2023-05-26 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for transforming desert soil by simulating natural geological process of saline-alkali generation in arid region |
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