CN104067986A - Method for breeding new variety of commercial line of eriocheir sinensis - Google Patents
Method for breeding new variety of commercial line of eriocheir sinensis Download PDFInfo
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- CN104067986A CN104067986A CN201410292774.6A CN201410292774A CN104067986A CN 104067986 A CN104067986 A CN 104067986A CN 201410292774 A CN201410292774 A CN 201410292774A CN 104067986 A CN104067986 A CN 104067986A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding and producing a new variety of a commercial line of eriocheir sinensis. The method comprises the following steps: (1) parent selection of the commercial line: selecting commercial selection lines A and B of eriocheir sinensis for serving as parents; (2) production of the commercial line: performing diallel crossing on the commercial selection lines A and B to produce the commercial line; (3) screening of the commercial line: screening an A-female and B-male commercial line which takes line A as a female parent and takes line B as a male parent through growth contrast test; (4) performing productive verification on the commercial line; (5) applying the new variety of the commercial line. By adopting the new variety of the commercial line bred and produced through the method, the major advantages of the female parent A and the male parent B are well combined, high growth speed, high group yield and remarkable hybrid vigor are realized, and excellent provenance is provided for the river crab industry in China. The new variety is the first variety of the commercial line of eriocheir sinensis in China.
Description
Technical field
the present invention relates to a kind of Eriocheir sinensia (
eriocheir sinensis) supporting be incubation and the production method of new varieties.
Background technology
Since nineteen ninety-one, aquaculture output ranks first in the world continuously in China.According to FAO statistics, 5439.3 ten thousand tons of China's aquatic products total amounts in 2011,3862.1 ten thousand tons of wherein aquaculture output, account for 61.6% of world aquaculture output, are world aquaculture the first big countries worthy of the name.Mostly be wild stocks but support China's aquaculture huge large-tonnage cultivation object like this, the contribution rate of artificially breeding breeding in China's aquaculture is 30% left and right, far below China crops and livestock breeding, the breeding work of carrying out aquaculture object has a extensive future, acts on outstanding, significant.
Eriocheir sinensia (
eriocheir sinensis), be commonly called as river crab, be the distinctive important aquatic products economic living of China.Since nineteen ninety-one, China's culture of Chinese mitten crab output is quick, steady growth, and within 2011, crab yield increased more than 50 doubly than 1991, and output reaches 64.9 ten thousand tons, and the output value reaches 64.5 hundred million dollars (FAO, 2011).Except domestic market constantly expands, river crab has become one of important foreign exchange earning aquatic products of China.In addition, Eriocheir sinensia is the aquatic products of the tool cultural deposits of China, is rich in rich culture intension.Can say, culture of Chinese mitten crab industry can be rated as a wonderful work of China's famous-particular-excellent culture fishery, is one of pillar industry of most active in China's aquaculture and development prospect.
The cultivation object that although river crab is cultured area maximum in China's special aquaculture, output is the highest, benefit is best, the river crab provenance that supports huge industry like this is also the wild population without genetic improvement substantially.More seriously, the germplasm of these wild populations mixes and fails seriously, and cultivation performance degradation is obvious.In recent years, call and the demand to river crab breeding in all parts of the country is very strong, carries out Eriocheir sinensia breeding work very necessary and urgent.Since 2011, although China selects and passed through three Eriocheir sinensia breedings through national aquatic products original seed and the authorization of breeding validation board, but the industry size huge with it is compared with huge seed demand, the breeding quantity all too of Eriocheir sinensia is little, and the contribution of breeding is still very faint.
River crab belongs to shell-fish, in its life process, need constantly slough off old shell and just can complete growth.Thereby comparatively difficulty of mark and breeding effect evaluation in river crab breeding process, is difficult to assess after the same pond mark as fish.In addition, the age at sexual maturity of river crab was two ages, parent death after a breeding generation, and the parent between different year can not carry out gene exchange, and parent can only utilize once, can not the recycling of part for many years as fish.These unique Biological characteristics of river crab, life history characteristics require us to take the breeding road relatively different from fish.
Take a broad view of in the new variety of aquatic products that China has now been bred as, substantially all adopt colony's seed selection to form, and be the selection to single-population, in breeding, only considered the breeding value (being additive effect) of proterties, and ignored the dominant effect of proterties.Although this breeding mode is simple, easy to operate, also shown in practice good breeding effect, but kind easily causes degeneration, seed diffusion easily can not effectively to control after being bred as, this breeding mode of what is more important is the hereditary effect (as dominant effect) of utilizing breeding object and proterties not yet in effect also.Thereby in the fishery breeding mode of China and technical, need innovate, develop new breeding technique means.
Supporting is that breeding is that application has " specialization " strain of certain (a bit) economic characters or hereditary capacity or breeding line and carries out combo and breed, and polymerization production has a kind of breeding mode forming a complete set of of male parent and maternal good economic characters.At present, in a breed of chicken substantially carry out supporting be breeding, pig industry also just promptly to supporting be breeding transition.And at present aquatic biological supporting be breeding also in the starting stage of fumbling, the research of still needing of some problem in science and technology.And current, ChangJiang River river crab, in hybrid state to a certain degree, selects larger selection intensity and the comparatively difficult very long breeding process of river crab breeding needs that meets long water system original seed feature.If carrying out supporting is breeding, can utilize the different external appearance characteristics set up and the breeding line of breeding character, by the polymerization of male parent and maternal character, can be bred as and produce the good river crab kind of multiple characters polymerization.This breeding mode is not only bred as soon, and effective, is suitable for large-area applying.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of Eriocheir sinensia supporting is the breeding method of new varieties, utilize that the method is bred as supporting be new varieties not only preferably polymerization the major advantage of maternal A and male parent B, and fast growth, population yield is high, hybrid vigour is obvious, for providing excellent provenance in China's river crab industry, be domestic the first river crab supporting be new varieties.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is: a kind of Eriocheir sinensia is supporting is the breeding method of new varieties, and its step is as follows:
(1) parent of supporting breeding line selects: taking the supporting breeding line A of Eriocheir sinensia, B as parent;
(2) production of supporting system: design by diallel cross genetic cross, carry out the positive and negative hybridization between breeding line A, B, produce two parental combinations (A ♀ A
♂combination, B ♀ B
♂combination) and two supporting combination (A ♀ B of system
♂supporting system, B ♀ A
♂supporting system);
(3) screening of supporting system: by the pond comparative trial of growing, filtering out with A is that maternal, B is the A ♀ B that male parent hybridize production
♂supporting system;
(4) yielding ability of supporting system checking: by the ground such as Shanghai, Anhui growth fraction, A ♀ B
♂supporting is that growth vigor is the most obvious;
(5) supporting is the application of new varieties: described Eriocheir sinensia is supporting is that new varieties are to be that female parent, B are that male parent is carried out supporting hybridization with A, and its concrete selection criteria is as follows:
A is maternal: second step meropodium exceedes the first side crown end; Require body weight specification more than 125 grams.
B is male parent: the degree of depth of the first volume between cog with the ratio of carapace length more than 4.5%; Require body weight specification more than 175 grams.
In above-mentioned (1) step, described taking the supporting breeding line A of Eriocheir sinensia, B as parent be taking the patent No. as ZL201110413782.8, supporting breeding line A, the B of denomination of invention in foundation and the selection of three supporting breeding lines of Eriocheir sinensia be as parent.
Described breeding method, in (1) step, utilizes A, two supporting breeding lines of B, and these two supporting breeding lines have passed through seed selections more than 4 generations, are respectively that seed selection standard is as follows:
A system: save as seed selection standard taking second step foot length, require second step meropodium to exceed front four volume teeth; The body weight specification requirement of parent crab is male more than 200 grams, female more than 150 grams;
B system: taking volume tooth as breeding goal, require the degree of depth of the first volume between cog and the ratio of carapace length more than 4.5%; The body weight specification requirement of parent crab is male more than 200 grams, female more than 150 grams;
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention is according to the typical germplasm feature of China ChangJiang River river crab and the provenance demand of river crab industry, what utilization had been set up has different shape feature, different growth rate, the supporting breeding line A of Eriocheir sinensia and the breeding line B of different choice pressure and different genetic variations, by supporting recruitment evaluation and Heterosis Analysis between the two, and after national larger area pilot scale, A system female parent and B are that the supporting of male parent major advantage is new varieties to have filtered out polymerization, this is supporting be new varieties not only polymerization preferably the major advantage of maternal A and male parent B, and fast growth, population yield is high, hybrid vigour is obvious, be domestic the first Eriocheir sinensia supporting be new varieties, for providing excellent provenance in China's river crab industry, for a new way has been opened up in China's aquatic biological breeding.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be the present invention supporting be the incubation route map of new varieties.
Embodiment
The present invention is according to the typical germplasm feature of China ChangJiang River river crab and the provenance demand of river crab industry, utilize supporting breeding line A and the supporting breeding line B of different shape feature, different growth rate, different choice pressure and different genetic variations, by A, B supporting recruitment evaluation and Heterosis Analysis between the two, filter out taking breeding line A as maternal, breeding line B as the supporting of male parent is new varieties.The major advantage of this is supporting maternal A that has been the good polymerization of new varieties and male parent B, profile is pretty, fast growth, population yield is high, hybrid vigour is obvious, has huge industrial application prospect.Embodiment is as follows:
1, the parental source of supporting breeding line
With the Chinese invention patent (patent No.: ZL201110413782.8; Patent of invention title: foundation and the selection of three supporting breeding lines of Eriocheir sinensia) in supporting breeding line A, B be parent.
The principal character of supporting breeding line A, B:
Supporting breeding line A: save as seed selection standard taking second step foot length, its second step meropodium exceedes front four volume teeth; The body weight specification of parent crab is male more than 200 grams, female more than 150 grams;
Supporting breeding line B: taking volume tooth as breeding goal, the degree of depth of its first volume between cog with the ratio of carapace length more than 4.5%; The body weight specification of parent crab is male more than 200 grams, female more than 150 grams;
2, the production of supporting system
Design by diallel cross genetic cross, carry out the positive and negative hybridization between breeding line A, B, produce two parental combinations (A ♀ A
♂combination, B ♀ B
♂combination) and two supporting combination (A ♀ B of system
♂supporting system, B ♀ A
♂supporting system), the concrete mode of production is as follows:
A ♀ A
♂combination: supporting breeding line A(♀) × supporting breeding line A(
♂).
B ♀ B
♂combination: supporting breeding line B(♀) × supporting breeding line B(
♂).
A ♀ B
♂supporting system: supporting breeding line A(♀) × supporting breeding line B(
♂).
B ♀ A
♂supporting system: supporting breeding line B(♀) × supporting breeding line A(
♂).
3, the screening of supporting system
By Shanghai, Deng Di pond, Anhui growth comparative trial, find A ♀ B
♂supporting system shows best growth vigor, does supporting system maternal, production is hybridized in B system as male parent thereby filter out with A system.The selection result is as following table:
table 1 is supporting is the comparision of production of seed
4, the yielding ability of supporting system checking
By in Shanghai, Jiangsu and Anhui's Deng Di pond pilot scale (pilot scale area reaches 3042 mu), supporting is new varieties (A ♀ B
♂supporting system) growth vigor obvious, form effect remarkable.As:
In pilot scale district, Songjiang, Shanghai, the situation of forming of (Songjiang, Shanghai fish dive Fisheries Major cooperative society) is carried out expert's onsite acceptance, gets 35 of the male crabs on No. 7 pools (10 mu of areas), 218.3 grams of average weights; 33 of female crabs, 160.5 grams of average weights; 190.2 grams of male and female population mean body weight, large standard commodities crab (female 150 grams, male more than 200 grams) ratio 95.6%.
In Shanghai Chongming pilot scale district, the situation of forming in (base, aquatic products technical advice station, Shanghai Chongming county) has been carried out expert's onsite acceptance, get each 30 of female, the male crab on No. 7 pools (6 mu of areas), 204.98 grams of male crab average weights, 150.87 grams of female crab average weights, 177.93 grams of male and female population mean body weight, large standard commodities crab (female 150 grams, male more than 200 grams) ratio is 42%.
5, supporting is the application of new varieties
The present invention's the supporting of extensive use on producing is that new varieties are to be that female parent, B are that male parent is hybridized production with A, and the concrete selection criteria of its hybrid strain is as follows:
A is maternal: second step meropodium exceedes the first side crown end; Require body weight specification more than 125 grams.
B is male parent: the degree of depth of the first volume between cog with the ratio of carapace length more than 4.5%; Require body weight specification more than 175 grams.
Claims (2)
1. Eriocheir sinensia is supporting is a breeding method for new varieties, and its step is as follows:
(1) parent of supporting breeding line selects: taking the supporting breeding line A of Eriocheir sinensia, B as parent;
(2) production of supporting system: design by diallel cross genetic cross, carry out the positive and negative hybridization between breeding line A, B, produce two parental combinations, i.e. A ♀ A
♂combination, B ♀ B
♂combination and the combination of two supporting systems, that is: A ♀ B
♂supporting system, B ♀ A
♂supporting system;
(3) screening of supporting system: by the pond comparative trial of growing, filtering out with A is that maternal, B is the A ♀ B that male parent hybridize production
♂supporting system;
(4) yielding ability of supporting system checking: by the ground such as Shanghai, Anhui growth fraction, A ♀ B
♂supporting is that growth vigor is the most obvious;
(5) supporting is the application of new varieties: described Eriocheir sinensia is supporting is that new varieties are to be that female parent, B are that male parent is carried out supporting hybridization with A, and its concrete selection criteria is as follows:
A is maternal: second step meropodium exceedes the first side crown end; Require body weight specification more than 125 grams;
B is male parent: the degree of depth of the first volume between cog with the ratio of carapace length more than 4.5%; Require body weight specification more than 175 grams.
2. breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in (1) step, utilize A, two supporting breeding lines of B, these two supporting breeding lines have passed through seed selections more than 4 generations, are respectively that seed selection standard is as follows:
A system: save as seed selection standard taking second step foot length, require second step meropodium to exceed front four volume teeth; The body weight specification requirement of parent crab is male more than 200 grams, female more than 150 grams;
B system: taking volume tooth as breeding goal, require the degree of depth of the first volume between cog and the ratio of carapace length more than 4.5%; The body weight specification requirement of parent crab is male more than 200 grams, female more than 150 grams.
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| CN201410292774.6A CN104067986A (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2014-06-27 | Method for breeding new variety of commercial line of eriocheir sinensis |
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| CN201410292774.6A CN104067986A (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2014-06-27 | Method for breeding new variety of commercial line of eriocheir sinensis |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110934101A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-03-31 | 山东恒兴农牧科技有限公司 | Eriocheir sinensis parent genetic breeding method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1444847A (en) * | 2002-03-19 | 2003-10-01 | 李应森 | Ecological breeding and ecological culturing method for Chinese fine hair chela crab |
| CN102422825A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-04-25 | 上海海洋大学 | Method for establishing and breeding three matched breeding systems of Eriocheir sinensis |
| CN102860273A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-01-09 | 浙江大学 | Crossbreeding method of mud crab |
| CN103026989A (en) * | 2011-10-10 | 2013-04-10 | 上海市水产研究所 | Breeding technology for large-size parents of Eriocheir sinensis |
| CN103250666A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-08-21 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Method for breeding blue crab families |
| US8635973B1 (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2014-01-28 | Lee C. Shepard, III | Artificial mangrove assembly |
| CN103719003A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-16 | 靳职雄 | River crab breeding method |
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2014
- 2014-06-27 CN CN201410292774.6A patent/CN104067986A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1444847A (en) * | 2002-03-19 | 2003-10-01 | 李应森 | Ecological breeding and ecological culturing method for Chinese fine hair chela crab |
| CN103026989A (en) * | 2011-10-10 | 2013-04-10 | 上海市水产研究所 | Breeding technology for large-size parents of Eriocheir sinensis |
| CN102422825A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-04-25 | 上海海洋大学 | Method for establishing and breeding three matched breeding systems of Eriocheir sinensis |
| CN102860273A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-01-09 | 浙江大学 | Crossbreeding method of mud crab |
| US8635973B1 (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2014-01-28 | Lee C. Shepard, III | Artificial mangrove assembly |
| CN103250666A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-08-21 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Method for breeding blue crab families |
| CN103719003A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-16 | 靳职雄 | River crab breeding method |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110934101A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-03-31 | 山东恒兴农牧科技有限公司 | Eriocheir sinensis parent genetic breeding method |
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Application publication date: 20141001 |
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