Background technology
"Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream is by Shanghai Ocean University(Former Shanghai Aquatic Products Univ. 9CN))Fish Germplasm Resources research department after
Herbivorous fishes the first breeding variety that 16 years six generation systematic breedings form(Li Sifa, the complete two-way seed selection effect of its megalobrama amblycephala of Cai
Research aquatic product journals, 2000,24(3):201-205. Li Si send out fish breeding introductions -- "Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream China Waters
Production, 2001,11:52.Li S F, Cai W Q. Genetic improvement of the herbivorous blunt
snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). NAGA, 2003, 26 (1) : 20- 23.).2000,
Through national aquatic products original, the authorization of breeding validation board, Ministry of Agriculture's examination & verification, the improved seeds suitably promoted are published as(The Ministry of Agriculture is public
Accuse 2000 No. 134).In view of theory and the requirements of the times weeded out the old and bring forth the new without eternal breeding, in " Pujiang 1 " breeding
On the basis of, further consolidate and strengthen the merit gesture of megalobrama amblycephala breeding using newest fine-variety breeding technological means must
OK.
Breed system breeding is to apply to have certain(A bit)" specialization " strain of economic characters is hybridized, and production has aobvious
Write a kind of breeding mode to form a complete set of of " hybrid vigour ".Breed system breeding is as a kind of advanced breeding mode, in farming
Using universal in thing, poultry and livestock breeding(Peng Zhong towns examinations analysis breed system is cured with pig breed system breeding animal sciences and animal
Learn, 2005,3:The 19-22. 230-254. of river flowing from Guizhou Province through Hunan into Dongting Lake Animal Breeding Chinese agriculture publishing house 2007.), and achieve order
The achievement that people attractes attention, and the breed system breeding of fish is still in the desk study stage, so far, domestic rarely seen Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color breed system
The relevant report of breeding(Wang CH, Wang J, Xiang SP, Lv YP, He XZ Parental genetic
effects evaluation of growth-related traits of red common carp in China.
Fisheries Science 2009(75):1301-1305).
To develop high build(Body length/body is less than 2.0 at high proportion)Improved seeds, 2003, the present inventor research department led to
Cross artificial induction and obtain the fertile allotetraploid of both sexes(Megalobrama amblycephala ♀ × triangular bream♂)Breeding population(The bright groups heads of Zou Shu
The artificial homologous and breeding populations of allotetraploid of triangular bream are established and its Analysis of Biological Shanghai aquatic products of Different Ploidy offspring
University Ph.D. Dissertation .2004);For megalobrama amblycephala " Pujiang 1 " merit is further purified, 2005, the present inventor
Research department obtains continuous two generations meiosis gynogenesis megalobrama amblycephala colony by artificial induction(Li Sifa, Yang Huaiyu, Zou Shu
The estimation aquatic product journals of influence and inbreeding effect of the bright quick inbreeding of to megalobrama amblycephala genetic structure, 2005,29(2):161-
165.);2007, to make the speed of growth of megalobrama amblycephala " Pujiang 1 " further improve and consolidate, this research department carried out " Pu
River 1 " is high for seed selection, obtains breeding line F10.3 breeding populations of the above are laid a good foundation to carry out breed system breeding, the present invention
People establishes 3 supporting breeding lines respectively using the speed of growth, high build, high genetic purity as criterion for breeding(" breeding line A "-
" Pujiang 1 ", " breeding line B "-high build allotetraploid, " breeding line C "-high genetic purity gynogenesis colony), and respectively
3 supporting breeding lines carry out closed population Systematic Breeding to more than, in January, 2013,3 supporting breeding lines seed selection to F4,
Character is stable, can be used as breed system breeding material.
Obtained to 3 supporting breeding lines of megalobrama amblycephala through diallel cross 9 of this method, which form a complete set of, has carried out quantitative inheritance
Credit is analysed, and compares the hereditary coordinate force of each breed system, including general combining ability and specific combining ability, and body weight, body length
Phenotype and genetic correlation between body height, filter out two megalobrama amblycephala advantages and form a complete set of, to carry out megalobrama amblycephala advantage from now on
The popularization and production application to form a complete set of is laid a good foundation.
The content of the invention
The screening to be formed a complete set of it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of megalobrama amblycephala advantage and method for group matching, are educated using this method
Into breed system new varieties not only preferably polymerize the major advantage of 3 supporting breeding line parents, and the speed of growth is fast, group
Body yield is high, hybrid vigour is obvious, and excellent introduces a collection is provided for China's megalobrama amblycephala aquaculture industry, is that domestic the first megalobrama amblycephala is supporting
It is new varieties.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is:The screening and method for group matching that a kind of megalobrama amblycephala advantage forms a complete set of, its step
It is as follows:
(1)The Juvenile stage of supporting breeding line:With 3 supporting breeding lines of megalobrama amblycephala(" breeding line A "-" Pujiang 1 " selects
Educate be, " allotetraploid [the megalobrama amblycephala ♀ × triangular bream of breeding line B "-high build♂], " breeding line C "-high genetic purity it is female
Caryogenesis fish)For parent;
(2)The production of breed system:Designed by diallel cross genetic cross, carry out the positive and negative hybridization between breeding line A, B, C,
Produce 3 parental combinations(A♀A♂Combination, B ♀ B♂Combination, C ♀ C♂Combination)Combined with 6 breed systems(A♀B♂Breed system, A
♀C♂Breed system, B ♀ A♂Breed system, B ♀ C♂Breed system, C ♀ A♂Breed system, C ♀ B♂Breed system);
(3)The screening of breed system:Contrast test is grown by pond, 2 advantages is filtered out and forms a complete set of, is respectively:①
It is male parent by maternal, A systems of C systems;2. it is male parent by maternal, B systems of C systems;And carry out hybridization production C ♀ A♂And C ♀ B♂It is supporting
System;
(4)The Analysis of Combining Ability of breed system:The general of parental trait is carried out using the Mixed inheritance model of Additive-dominance
Specific combining ability is analyzed between Analysis of Combining Ability and cross combination.
The invention has the advantages that:The present invention according to the germplasm feature of China's aquatic products breeding "Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream and
The introduces a collection demand of megalobrama amblycephala aquaculture industry, utilize different shape feature, the different speeds of growth and the supporting choosing of different hereditary variations
It is A, supporting breeding line B and supporting breeding line C to educate, and passes through the triangular supporting recruitment evaluation of A, B, C and Heterosis Analysis, sieve
Select and formed a complete set of by two advantages that maternal, breeding line A, B are respectively male parent of breeding line C.The two advantages form a complete set of
Maternal C, male parent A and male parent B major advantage preferably it have been polymerize, build is beautiful, growth is fast, hybrid vigour is obvious, is domestic first
Example megalobrama amblycephala breed system new varieties, provide excellent introduces a collection for China's megalobrama amblycephala industry, be China's fish breed system breeding again
One successful example, there is huge industrial application prospect.
Embodiment
The present invention is according to the germplasm feature of China's aquatic products breeding "Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream and the introduces a collection of megalobrama amblycephala aquaculture industry
Demand, using the supporting breeding line A of different shape feature, the different speeds of growth and different hereditary variations, supporting breeding line B and match somebody with somebody
Cover breeding line C, by the triangular supporting recruitment evaluation of A, B, C and Heterosis Analysis, filter out using breeding line C for female parent,
Breeding line A, B are respectively that two advantages of male parent form a complete set of.The two advantages, which form a complete set of, has preferably polymerize maternal C, father
This A and male parent B major advantage, build is beautiful, growth is fast, hybrid vigour is obvious, has huge industrial application prospect.It is specific real
It is as follows to apply mode:
First, the parental source of supporting breeding line
With 3 supporting breeding lines of megalobrama amblycephala(" breeding line A "-" Pujiang 1 " breeding line, " breeding line B "-high build
Allotetraploid [megalobrama amblycephala ♀ × triangular bream♂], " gynogenesis fishes of breeding line C "-high genetic purity)For parent;
Supporting breeding line A, B and C principal character:
Supporting breeding line A:It is " Pujiang 1 " breeding line using the speed of growth as seed selection standard;
Supporting breeding line B:Using build as breeding goal, its body length/body is less than 2.0 at high proportion, is [megalobrama amblycephala ♀ × tri-
Angle triangular bream♂] heterologous orthogonal tetraploid;
Supporting breeding line C:It is megalobrama amblycephala meiosis gynogenesis fishes using genetic purity as breeding goal.
2nd, the production of breed system
Designed by diallel cross genetic cross, carry out the positive and negative hybridization between breeding line A, B, C, produce three parent's groups
Close(A♀A♂Combination, B ♀ B♂Combination and C ♀ C♂Combination)Combined with six breed systems(A♀B♂Breed system, A ♀ C♂Breed system, B
♀A♂Breed system, B ♀ C♂Breed system, C ♀ A♂Breed system, C ♀ B♂Breed system), the specific mode of production is as follows:
A♀A♂Combination:Supporting breeding line A(♀)× supporting breeding line A(♂).
B♀B♂Combination:Supporting breeding line B(♀)× supporting breeding line B(♂).
C♀C♂Combination:Supporting breeding line C(♀)× supporting breeding line C(♂).
A♀B♂Breed system:Supporting breeding line A(♀)× supporting breeding line B(♂).
B♀A♂Breed system:Supporting breeding line B(♀)× supporting breeding line A(♂).
A♀C♂Breed system:Supporting breeding line A(♀)× supporting breeding line C(♂).
C♀A♂Breed system:Supporting breeding line C(♀)× supporting breeding line A(♂).
B♀C♂Breed system:Supporting breeding line B(♀)× supporting breeding line C(♂).
C♀B♂Breed system:Supporting breeding line C(♀)× supporting breeding line B(♂).
3rd, the screening of breed system
By growing contrast test in the pond of Shanghai Songjiang area aquatic products seed multiplication farm, C ♀ A are found♂With C ♀ B♂Breed system
Excellent growth performance is shown, so as to filter out the breed system for carrying out hybridization production as male parent with C systems work female parent, A, B system.Sieve
Select result such as table 1:
9 ages of mating combination two of the supporting breeding line of the "Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream of table 1 are than an age body weight increase multiple value
|
"Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream F10♂ |
Heterologous orthogonal tetraploid ♂ |
Gynogenesis ♂ |
"Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream F10♀ |
6.436±3.012 |
5.800±2.548 |
5.606±1.999 |
Heterologous orthogonal tetraploid ♀ |
5.700±2.482 |
3.890±1.263 |
5.707±2.625 |
Gynogenesis ♀ |
6.770±2.906 |
5.773±2.305 |
5.133±2.6687 |
4th, the Analysis of Combining Ability of breed system
The general combining ability analysis of 4.1 parental traits
Analysis of Combining Ability result is carried out using the Mixed inheritance model of Additive-dominance to show(Table 2):For body weight, body length
For three kinds of characters high with body, three supporting breeding lines are respectively provided with extremely significant general combining ability, but same parent's various trait
And different parents(Different genetic backgrounds)The general combining ability value of same character be different.All in all, head is rolled into a ball
Triangular bream " Pujiang 1 " F10In body weight, the equal highest of general combining ability that body is long and body is high(Respectively 0.466,0.040,0.052), it is female
Caryogenesis breeding line detects more faint general combining ability in 3 growth indexes(Respectively 0.016,0.006,
0.002), and the general combining ability of heterologous orthogonal 3 growth indexes of tetraploid breeding line is negative value(Respectively -0.483, -
0.046、-0.054).
The general combining ability value of the supporting breeding line body weight of 23 "Pujiang No.1" blunt snout breams of table and morphological characters
|
Body weight |
Body is grown |
Body is high |
"Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream F10 |
0.466** |
0.040** |
0.052** |
Heterologous orthogonal tetraploid |
-0.483** |
-0.046** |
-0.054** |
Gynogenesis |
0.016** |
0.006** |
0.002** |
Specific combining ability is analyzed between 4.2 cross combinations
Three supporting cross combinations(Reciprocal cross merges statistics)Specific combining ability be listed in table 3, it can be seen that:For body
Weight, body length and body high target, the specific combining ability highest of heterologous orthogonal tetraploid × gynogenesis, are 0.787(P< 0.01);
Grow and analyze from body, the specific combining abilities of 3 cross combinations be on the occasion of, andtAssay is extremely notable.Wherein, it is heterologous just
Hand over the equal highest of specific combining ability of tetraploid × gynogenesis, F10× heterologous orthogonal tetraploid and F10× gynogenesis it is special
Coordinate force is more or less the same, wherein F10The specific combining ability of body weight and the body length of × heterologous orthogonal tetraploid is slightly higher, and F10× thelykaryon
It is higher to develop the high specific combining ability of body.
The special compounding force value of the supporting breeding line cross combination body weight of the "Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream of table 3 and morphological characters
Cross combination |
Body weight |
Body is grown |
Body is high |
F10× heterologous orthogonal tetraploid |
0.284** |
0.059** |
0.025** |
F10× gynogenesis |
0.264** |
0.025** |
0.040** |
Heterologous orthogonal tetraploid × gynogenesis |
0.787** |
0.091** |
0.103** |
Note:**:P< 0.01
4.3 cross combination Heterosis are analyzed
The hybrid vigour value of three supporting cross combinations is listed in table 4, it can be seen that for body weight, three hybridization groups
Conjunction shows significant Average hybridization advantage, wherein, the Average hybridization Superiority Value highest of heterologous orthogonal × gynogenesis
(0.248);In body long side, the Average hybridization Superiority Value of heterologous orthogonal × gynogenesis(0.098)With super close heterosis, hybrid vigor value
(0.054)It is highest;In terms of body height, the Average hybridization Superiority Value of heterologous orthogonal × gynogenesis(0.105)With it is super close miscellaneous
Hand over Superiority Value(0.066)It is highest.
The hybrid vigour value of the supporting breeding line cross combination body weight of the "Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream of table 4 and morphological characters
Note:Hm:Average hybridization advantage;Hbh:Super close heterosis, hybrid vigor;+:P< 0.1;*:P< 0.05;**:P< 0.01.