CN102100202B - Breeding method for five specialized lines of Oujiang color common carp - Google Patents
Breeding method for five specialized lines of Oujiang color common carp Download PDFInfo
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- CN102100202B CN102100202B CN2010106050913A CN201010605091A CN102100202B CN 102100202 B CN102100202 B CN 102100202B CN 2010106050913 A CN2010106050913 A CN 2010106050913A CN 201010605091 A CN201010605091 A CN 201010605091A CN 102100202 B CN102100202 B CN 102100202B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method for five specialized lines of Oujiang color common carp, and the method comprises the following steps: (1) establishing the specialized lines of the Oujiang color common carp according to main classification basis for establishing the lines by body weight and body color; (2) adopting the closed population continuing selection and breeding method for performing closed population continuing selection and breeding on the established lines, purifying genotypes of the lines, and improving the breeding characters of the lines; (3) performing selection in the lines, and breeding more than 4 generations; and (4) evaluating matching effects. The five specialized lines bred by the method are full red, big flower, twisted, pink jade and pink flower, and have excellent phenotypic economic characters, such as fast growth speed, pure external body color and the like, thereby providing specialized parent materials for popularization of synthetic line fries with significant hybrid vigor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the seed selection purification process that five of Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. colors (Cyprinus carpio var.color) are used for the specialized strain of supporting system production.
Background technology
Supporting system (Complete set line) breeding is to use " specialization " strain with certain (a bit) economic characters to hybridize, and produces to have the significantly a kind of breeding mode that forms a complete set of of " hybrid vigour ".Supporting be breeding as a kind of advanced person's breeding mode, in crops, poultry and livestock breeding, use generally, and obtained the achievement that attracts people's attention.But in aquatic biological, supporting is that breeding still is in the starting exploratory stage.
Carrying out supporting is that the material base of breeding is the specialized strain with relativity difference and certain genetic purity, and the cultivation of specialized strain (being structure, seed selection and the purification of specialized strain) be supporting be the prerequisite of breeding.Fish are because factor effects such as geographic isolation, natural evolution, selection, produced to have to enrich genetic background, the extensive different groups of hereditary difference, for supporting be the material that breeding is carried out provides abundant and useful.Thereby supporting is that breeding should be the important development direction of fish breeding.Yet carrying out the supporting of fish is breeding, at first gets the specialized strain that seed selection becomes to have different economic characters.Take full advantage of at last the separately merit that each specialized strain has, carry out line cross, produce good the forming a complete set of of proterties, both can take full advantage of the separately germ plasm resource that the fish different groups have, again controlledization of practicable breeding production.
Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color (Cyprinus carpio var.color) is extensively a kind of cyprinid fish of cultivation of Zhejiang Province's Oujiang River, is one of local main edible fishes.It has outstanding growth edible performance, as grow rapid, fine and tender taste, nutritious, strong stress resistance, population yield height, easy raising etc.It is robust soldierly bearing that Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color also has body in addition, and the magnificent pretty characteristics such as pleasing of bright-coloured, speckle lucuriant in design have important ornamental value.Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color has five kinds of basic body colours, the one, " entirely red " (the whole body body surface is redness), the 2nd, " Da Hua " (being that red body surface is inlayed bulk black speckle), the 3rd, " fried dough twist " (being that red body surface scatters the fritter black splotch), the 4th, " powder is beautiful " (being that the whole body body surface is white powder), the 5th, " pink blossom " (being that the white powder body surface is inlayed bulk black speckle), the body colour that Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color so enriches is very rare in the freshwater fish of China, large soul treasured for China's cyprinid fish, have the value of outbalance at China's fish biodiversity, have huge development potentiality as edible and fancy fishes exploitation.But for a long time, these five kinds of body colour Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. colors mix mutually, and proterties is outstanding separately, and the comparatively serious trait depression phenomenon of also appearance that has need to be purified and seed selection to them, its genotype of purifying, outstanding good phenotype economic characters separately.In addition, be model with these five kinds of product, carrying out fish supporting is theoretical research and the technology exploration of breeding, is expected to open up a new way for fish breeding, sets up a new model.
Summary of the invention
The breeding method that the purpose of this invention is to provide the Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color specialized strain, five specialized strains breeding with the method are namely: " entirely red ", " Da Hua ", " fried dough twist ", " powder is beautiful " and " pink blossom ", have the good phenotype economic characters such as fast growth and outer body colour purity, have significantly for applying that the supporting of " heterosis, hybrid vigor " is the parent material that seed provides specialization.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is: a kind of breeding method of Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color specialized strain, and its step is as follows:
(1) the classification foundation of setting up as strain with body weight, body colour is set up the Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color specialized strain;
(2) adopt closed population subculture selection-breeding method, the strain of setting up is carried out the seed selection of closed population subculture, the genotype of purifying strain improves the proterties of breeding of strain;
(3) carry out selecting in the strain, more than 4 generations of seed selection, chosen period and selection criteria are as follows:
Chosen period: in each seed selection from generation to generation, specialized strain is carried out 4 times select, be chosen as the summer flower stage for the first time, be chosen as the fingerling stage for the second time, be chosen as for the third time the reserve parent fish stage, be chosen as combo and breed the stage for the 4th time;
Selection criteria: select take mass screening as main for the first time, filter out the 1000-2000 tail from each specialized strain; For the second time to four selection implementation individual choice; Selection criteria is that front 200-400 tail is maximum individual for the second time, and body colour is the own body colour of strain; Selection criteria is that front 100-200 tail is maximum individual for the third time, and build is difference to some extent; The 4th selection criteria is that individual specification is: more than female 1250 grams, and more than male 1000 grams, quantity 50-150 tail;
(4) assess supporting effect: the F of application specific strain
4The parent carries out complete diallel cross, assesses supporting effect.
Chosen period described in above-mentioned (3) step, wherein, the summer flower stage is rear 30-40 days of hatching, and the fingerling stage, the reserve parent fish stage was the rear Second Year of hatching December in order to hatch then December, and combo is bred the stage for hatching rear in April, the 3rd.
Selection criteria described in above-mentioned (3) step, wherein, selection criteria is that front 300 tails are maximum individual for the second time, body colour is the own body colour of strain; Selection criteria is that front 150 tails are maximum individual for the third time, and build is difference to some extent; The 4th selection criteria is that individual specification is: more than female 1250 grams, and more than male 1000 grams, quantity 100 tails.
Described method, the Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color specialized strain of foundation are the Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color strains of " entirely red ", " Da Hua ", " fried dough twist ", " powder is beautiful " or " pink blossom " body colour.
Of the present invention have a following advantage: the present invention is to be breeding for carrying out the supporting of fish, breeds specialized strain and is used for screening the best and forms a complete set of, and has significantly for applying that the supporting of " heterosis, hybrid vigor " is the parent material that seed provides specialization.Through continuously closed population seed selection to strain in nearly ten years of the inventor, formed and had the specialized strain that combo between different phenotype body colours, different growth characteristics, different lines can produce remarkable " heterosis, hybrid vigor ".The best that filters out by these specialized strains forms a complete set of, and the edible-type Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color that can be used for growing carries out national popularization cultivation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is five specialized strain seed selection routes of Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is specialized strain one of the present invention: " entirely red " body colour Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color photo;
Fig. 3 is specialized strain two of the present invention: " Da Hua " body colour Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color photo;
Fig. 4 is specialized strain three of the present invention: " fiber cropsization " body colour Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color photo;
Fig. 5 is specialized strain four of the present invention: " powder is beautiful " body colour Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color photo;
Fig. 6 is specialized strain five of the present invention: " pink blossom " body colour Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color photo.
Embodiment
The present invention with body weight, build and color for breeding target, set up " entirely red ", " Da Hua ", " fried dough twist ", " powder is beautiful " and " pink blossom " five Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color specialized strains, each strain is carried out the seed selection of closed population subculture, " specialization " characteristics that each strain has specific body colour, differentiation build, different growth rate have been formed, combo can produce remarkable heterosis, hybrid vigor between different lines, five specialized strains have reached breeds purpose, practicable supporting be breeding.Embodiment is as follows:
1, the foundation of specialized strain
Strain source: the provincial Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color seed multiplication farm of Longquan, Zhejiang Province.
Strain is set up: with the classification foundation that body colour is set up as strain, set up strain by " entirely red ", " Da Hua ", " fried dough twist ", " powder is beautiful " and " pink blossom " five kinds of body colours.
2, the selection of specialized strain
Adopt closed population subculture selection-breeding method, each specialized strain is carried out the successive generation seed selection, the genotype of each specialized strain of purifying improves the hereditary homozygosity between individuality in the strain.Specifically route is as shown in Figure 1:
3, select in the strain
For improving selection intensity, strengthen Breeding Effect, each product is tied up to carry out in each subculture seed selection select concrete select time and index such as table 1 for 4 times:
The selection number of times of five specialized strains of table 1 and selection index
The summer flower stage is selected: be rear 30-40 days of hatching, select during the long 4-5cm of body;
The yearlings stage is selected: for hatching is selected December then;
The reserve parent fish stage is selected: for selecting the December of hatching rear Second Year;
The breeding parent population stage is selected: for selecting mating season in April, the 3rd after hatching.
4, breed validity check in the strain
Seed selection to the five generations one age grade section is assessed, and finds that the growth rate contrast group of five specialized strains has improved 3.08-20.13%, and the body colour homozygosity of each strain reaches 68.00-100%.Specifically such as table 2:
Breed effect in the strain of five special strains of table 2
| Body colour | " entirely red " | " Da Hua " | " fried dough twist " | " powder is beautiful " | " pink blossom " |
| Growth fraction control group (%) | 8.49 | 11.21 | 20.13 | 3.08 | 6.51 |
| Body colour homozygosity (%) | 100 | 73.64 | 83.25 | 100 | 68.00 |
5, supporting recruitment evaluation
Use the F of five specialized strains
4The parent carries out complete diallel cross, assesses their supporting effect, and find in the November of two age grade sections: in 20 hybrid combinations, have 19 combinations to show " heterosis, hybrid vigor ", the highest heterosis, hybrid vigor rate reaches 21.7%, and is concrete such as table 3.Assessment result shows that five specialized strains have reached and breeds purpose, practicable supporting be breeding.
The heterosis, hybrid vigor rate (%) of five supporting effects of specialized strain of table 3
Claims (4)
1. the breeding method of an Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color specialized strain, its step is as follows:
(1) the classification foundation of setting up as strain with body weight, body colour is set up the Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color specialized strain;
(2) adopt closed population subculture selection-breeding method, the strain of setting up is carried out the seed selection of closed population subculture, the genotype of purifying strain improves the proterties of breeding of strain;
(3) carry out selecting in the strain, in 4 generations of seed selection, chosen period and selection criteria are as follows:
Chosen period: in each seed selection from generation to generation, specialized strain is carried out 4 times select, be chosen as the summer flower stage for the first time, be chosen as the fingerling stage for the second time, be chosen as for the third time the reserve parent fish stage, be chosen as combo and breed the stage for the 4th time;
Selection criteria: select take mass screening as main for the first time, filter out the 1000-2000 tail from specialized strain; For the second time to four selection implementation individual choice; Selection criteria is that front 200-400 tail is maximum individual for the second time, and body colour is the own body colour of strain; Selection criteria is that front 100-200 tail is maximum individual for the third time, and build is difference to some extent; The 4th selection criteria is that individual specification is: more than female 1250 grams, and more than male 1000 grams, quantity 50-150 tail;
(4) assess supporting effect: the F of application specific strain
4The parent carries out complete diallel cross, assesses supporting effect.
2. breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the chosen period described in (3) step, wherein, the summer flower stage is rear 30-40 days of hatching, the fingerling stage is for hatching then December, the reserve parent fish stage is the rear Second Year of hatching December, and combo is bred the stage for hatching rear in April, the 3rd.
3. breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the selection criteria described in (3) step, and wherein, selection criteria is that front 300 tails are maximum individual for the second time, body colour is the own body colour of strain; Selection criteria is that front 150 tails are maximum individual for the third time, and build is difference to some extent; The 4th selection criteria is that individual specification is: more than female 1250 grams, and more than male 1000 grams, quantity 100 tails.
4. each described method according to claim 1-3 is characterized in that: the Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color specialized strain of foundation is the Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color strain of " entirely red ", " Da Hua ", " fried dough twist ", " powder is beautiful " or " pink blossom " body colour.
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| CN105165679B (en) * | 2015-09-12 | 2017-10-24 | 上海海洋大学 | The foundation of three supporting breeding lines of megalobrama amblycephala and selection |
| CN110393161A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-11-01 | 安徽红嘉农业科技有限公司 | Fancy carp body colour judicious mating method |
| CN111165400A (en) * | 2020-02-14 | 2020-05-19 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Breeding method of golden yellow snakeheads |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101258840A (en) * | 2008-04-22 | 2008-09-10 | 王成辉 | Method for producing Oujiang color common carp with 'red-white' body color |
| CN101406163A (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2009-04-15 | 王成辉 | Method for producing 'red-white-black' three-color Oujiang color common carp |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101258840A (en) * | 2008-04-22 | 2008-09-10 | 王成辉 | Method for producing Oujiang color common carp with 'red-white' body color |
| CN101406163A (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2009-04-15 | 王成辉 | Method for producing 'red-white-black' three-color Oujiang color common carp |
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