CN105638524B - A kind of bighead quick breeding method - Google Patents
A kind of bighead quick breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105638524B CN105638524B CN201610000305.1A CN201610000305A CN105638524B CN 105638524 B CN105638524 B CN 105638524B CN 201610000305 A CN201610000305 A CN 201610000305A CN 105638524 B CN105638524 B CN 105638524B
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009399 inbreeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000252234 Hypophthalmichthys nobilis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001443588 Cottus gobio Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009394 selective breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of bighead quick breeding method, including obtain breeding population, classification cultivation, establish model, sampling mark, Juvenile stage, F1 generation seed selection family, F2 for specific steps such as breeding and difference analysis, F3 generations breeding and difference analysis.The selection of the present invention, it is pollution-free to nature without manual intervention, can be to be used in seed selection, and only need 15 25 years cans to select, shorten the seed selection cycle；In addition, being divided to two big groups first respective panmixia, obtain panmixia between F1 generation, then two big groups and breed, obtain F2 generations, reduce the probability of inbreeding, purified excellent genes, improve the quality of bighead, bighead build is more excellent, more perfect, also improves production efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fish breeding technique field, and in particular to a kind of bighead quick breeding method.
Background technology
Bighead is called variegated carp, big head, bullhead, numb silver carp, is one kind of fresh-water fishes, outer likeness in form silver carp, build is flat-sided, head
Portion is larger and wide, and mouth is also very roomy and somewhat upwarps, and is the main of pond culture and reservoir fishery in China's widely dispersed
One of object, economic value is high, and the effects such as IQ, enhancing memory, extra-nutrition, anti-aging are improved to human body.
The purpose of fish breeding is purifying excellent genes, obtains high-quality fingerling.In recent decades, because cultured fishes exist
Grow and be very restricted under the conditions of man-made feeds, plus decreasing for natural selection factor, the shape of artificial cross colony
Into increasing the probability of inbred.And reproductive trait is often focused in artificial selection, ignore and other economic characters are wanted
Ask, cause the decay of many regional bighead merits, it shows as：The speed of growth slows down, and sexal maturity shifts to an earlier date, and individual diminishes
Deng.In addition, the fish breeding method of manual intervention at present, has pollution, the fish selected can not directly be used, seed selection to nature
Cycle is grown, and seed selection workload is big.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned the shortcomings of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of bighead quick breeding method.
Technical scheme：A kind of bighead quick breeding method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Obtain breeding population：The Congjiang, the tail of korneforos fishing bighead spray 1,000,000 or so, based on breeding population；
（2）Classification cultivation：Dividing basic breeding population to three-level cultivation, that is, the first order is by fishing in the waters of experiment
Bighead spray is supported to 5 centimeters or so, obtains one-level bighead seedling；The second level is to randomly select 200,000 tails from one-level bighead seedling, is supported
Grow by the 2nd year, obtain two level Variegated；The third level is after eliminating in two level Variegated less than the individual of average weight, remaining
Direct cultivation by the 4th year, obtain three-level Variegated, then eliminate in three-level Variegated be less than average weight individual；
（3）Establish model：The random sampling 1000-10000 tails from two level Variegated, and detect morphological indexes, growth
Situation, statistical analysis simultaneously summarize bodily form index index, establish model；
（4）Sampling mark：The average weight of two level Variegated is calculated, obtains weighed average, will be weighed less than average
The definition of value 20% is small individual, is middle individual by definition of the weight in the range of average value positive and negative 10%, by weight higher than flat
The definition of average 20% is big individual；1000-2000 tails are extracted out from two level Variegated at random, and be marked, then to small
Body, middle individual, big individual morphology, cytology, molecular genetics are detected and recorded；
（5）Juvenile stage：Meet model from selection Body index in the three-level Variegated less than average weight has been eliminated
And individual be rearranged in first 20, as parent's object, continue cultivation by the 5th year；
（6）F1 generation seed selection family：Female, male each 6 articles are randomly selected into parent's object of the 5th year from cultivation, is divided to two big groups
Carry out panmixia respectively, obtain the group's F1 generations of Liang great Zu Ge 9, and it is point pool cultivated, cultivate to 2 ages, carry out morphology, growth shape
Condition detects and comparative analysis, weeds out the small group of F1 generation that upgrowth situation is significantly lower than average production situation；Then from remaining
Selected respectively in each group individual be rearranged in first 20 be further continued for cultivation to 4 ages, detect and record morphology, on growth conditions
Index；
（7）The breeding of F2 generations and difference analysis：Individual is respectively selected in the 4 age F1 generations organized greatly from two and is rearranged in first 20,
Mark is numbered, and panmixia is carried out between two big groups and breeds to obtain F2 generations；After F2 generations cultivation to 2 ages, form is detected
Learn, upgrowth situation index, and difference analysis is carried out in morphology, upgrowth situation with 2 age fishes of F1 generation；Continue to cultivate to 4 ages,
Morphology, upgrowth situation index are detected again, and carry out otherness point in morphology, upgrowth situation index with 4 age fishes of F1 generation
Analysis；
（8）The breeding of F3 generations and difference analysis：F2 directly obtains F3 generations for self propagated, after F3 generations cultivation to 2 ages, inspection
Morphology, upgrowth situation index are surveyed, and difference analysis is carried out in morphology, upgrowth situation with the 2 age fishes in F2 generations；Continue to cultivate
To 4 ages, morphology, upgrowth situation index are detected again, and it is poor in morphology, the progress of upgrowth situation index with the 4 age fishes in F2 generations
Specific analysis；If mean differential is not less than 95%, show seed selection success.
Advantages of the present invention：The selection of the present invention, it is pollution-free to nature without manual intervention, can be with side seed selection
Side uses, and only needs 15-25 cans to select, and shortens the seed selection cycle；In addition, it is divided to two big groups are first each random to hand over
Match somebody with somebody, obtain panmixia between F1 generation, then two big groups and breed, obtain F2 generations, reduce the probability of inbreeding, purified excellent base
Cause, the quality of bighead is improved, bighead build is more excellent, more perfect, also improves production efficiency.
Embodiment
In conjunction with specific embodiment, next the invention will be further described.
Embodiment one
The bighead near-nature forest quick breeding method of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
（1）Obtain breeding population：The Congjiang, the tail of korneforos fishing bighead spray 1,000,000 or so, based on breeding population；
（2）Classification cultivation：Dividing basic breeding population to three-level cultivation, that is, the first order is by fishing in the waters of experiment
Bighead spray is supported to 5 centimeters or so, obtains one-level bighead seedling；The second level is to randomly select 200,000 tails from one-level bighead seedling, is supported
Grow by the 2nd year, obtain two level Variegated；The third level is after eliminating in two level Variegated less than the individual of average weight, remaining
Direct cultivation by the 4th year, obtain three-level Variegated, then eliminate in three-level Variegated be less than average weight individual；
（3）Establish model：The random sampling 1000-10000 tails from two level Variegated, and detect morphological indexes, growth
Situation, statistical analysis simultaneously summarize bodily form index index, establish model；
（4）Sampling mark：The average weight of two level Variegated is calculated, obtains weighed average, will be weighed less than average
The definition of value 20% is small individual, is middle individual by definition of the weight in the range of average value positive and negative 10%, by weight higher than flat
The definition of average 20% is big individual；1000-2000 tails are extracted out from two level Variegated at random, and be marked, then to small
Body, middle personal, big individual morphology, cytology, molecular genetics are detected and recorded；
（5）Juvenile stage：Meet model from selection Body index in the three-level Variegated less than average weight has been eliminated
And individual be rearranged in first 20, as parent's object, continue cultivation by the 5th year；
（6）F1 generation seed selection family：Female, male each 6 articles are randomly selected into parent's object of the 5th year from cultivation, raun mark
For A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, milter is labeled as B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, is divided to two big groups：One group and two groups, one group：A1、
A2, A3, B1, B2, B3；Two groups：A4, A5, A6, B4, B5, B6.Panmixia in group is carried out respectively, obtains the groups of Liang great Zu Ge 9
F1 generation（As shown in table one, table two）, and it is point pool cultivated, cultivate to 2 ages, carry out morphology, upgrowth situation detection and comparative analysis,
Weed out the small group of F1 generation that upgrowth situation in two big groups is significantly lower than average production situation；Then divide from remaining each group
Do not select individual be rearranged in first 20 be further continued for cultivation to 4 ages, detect and record morphology, the index on growth conditions；
Table one：The F1 generation of panmixia in one group of group
Table two：The F1 generation of panmixia in two groups of groups
（7）The breeding of F2 generations and difference analysis：Individual is respectively selected from one group, two groups this two big groups and is rearranged in first 20
4 age F1 generations, mark is numbered, and panmixia is carried out between two big groups and breeds to obtain F2 generations；After F2 generations cultivation to 2 ages,
Morphology, upgrowth situation index are detected, and difference analysis is carried out in morphology, upgrowth situation with 2 age fishes of F1 generation；Continue to support
Grow to 4 ages, detect morphology, upgrowth situation index again, and carried out in morphology, upgrowth situation index with 4 age fishes of F1 generation
Difference analysis；
（8）The breeding of F3 generations and difference analysis：F2 directly obtains F3 generations for self propagated, after F3 generations cultivation to 2 ages, inspection
Morphology, upgrowth situation index are surveyed, and difference analysis is carried out in morphology, upgrowth situation with the 2 age fishes in F2 generations；Continue to cultivate
To 4 ages, morphology, upgrowth situation index are detected again, and it is poor in morphology, the progress of upgrowth situation index with the 4 age fishes in F2 generations
Specific analysis, if the mean differential in F2 generations and the age of F1 generation 2,4 ages and F2 generations and F3 2 ages of generation, 4 ages is not less than 95%, show
Seed selection success.
The selection of the present invention, break the seed selection under the manual intervention of routine, it is pollution-free to nature, and can side
Select side to use, purified excellent genes, shorten the seed selection cycle.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. bighead quick breeding method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：（1）Obtain breeding population：The Congjiang, the tail of korneforos fishing bighead spray 1,000,000 or so, based on breeding population；（2）Classification cultivation：Dividing basic breeding population to three-level cultivation, that is, the first order is by the bighead of fishing in the waters of experiment Spray is supported to 5 centimeters or so, obtains one-level bighead seedling；The second level is to randomly select 200,000 tails from one-level bighead seedling, and cultivation is arrived 2nd year, obtain two level Variegated；The third level is after eliminating in two level Variegated less than the individual of average weight, remaining straight Cultivation is connect by the 4th year, obtains three-level Variegated, then eliminates the individual for being less than average weight in three-level Variegated；（3）Establish model：The random sampling 1000-10000 tails from two level Variegated, and morphological indexes, upgrowth situation are detected, Statistical analysis simultaneously summarizes bodily form index index, establishes model；（4）Sampling mark：The average weight of two level Variegated is calculated, weighed average is obtained, average value 20% will be weighed less than Definition be small individual, be middle individual by definition of the weight in the range of average value positive and negative 10%, weight be higher than average value 20% definition is big individual；Extract 1000-2000 tails out from two level Variegated at random, and be marked, then to small individual, in Between individual, big individual morphology, cytology, molecular genetics detected and recorded；（5）Juvenile stage：Meet model from selection bodily form index index in the three-level Variegated less than average weight has been eliminated And individual be rearranged in first 20, as parent's object, continue cultivation by the 5th year；（6）F1 generation seed selection family：Female, male each 6 articles are randomly selected into parent's object of the 5th year from cultivation, is divided to two big group difference Panmixia is carried out, obtains the group's F1 generations of Liang great Zu Ge 9, and it is point pool cultivated, cultivate to 2 ages, carry out morphology, upgrowth situation inspection Survey and comparative analysis, weed out the small group of F1 generation that upgrowth situation is significantly lower than average production situation；Then from remaining each small Selected respectively in group individual be rearranged in first 20 be further continued for cultivation to 4 ages, detect and record morphology, the finger on growth conditions Mark；（7）The breeding of F2 generations and difference analysis：Individual is respectively selected in the 4 age F1 generations organized greatly from two and is rearranged in first 20, is carried out Numbering mark, and panmixia is carried out between two big groups and breeds to obtain F2 generations；After F2 generations cultivation to 2 ages, detection morphology, life Long status index, and carry out difference analysis in morphology, upgrowth situation with 2 age fishes of F1 generation；Continue cultivation to 4 ages, again Morphology, upgrowth situation index are detected, and difference analysis is carried out in morphology, upgrowth situation index with 4 age fishes of F1 generation；（8）The breeding of F3 generations and difference analysis：F2 directly obtains F3 generations for self propagated, after F3 generations cultivation to 2 ages, detects shape State, upgrowth situation index, and carry out difference analysis in morphology, upgrowth situation with the 2 age fishes in F2 generations；Continue cultivation to 4 In age, morphology, upgrowth situation index are detected again, and carry out otherness in morphology, upgrowth situation index with the 4 age fishes in F2 generations Analysis；If mean differential is not less than 95%, show seed selection success.
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| CN201610000305.1A CN105638524B (en) | 2016-01-03 | 2016-01-03 | A kind of bighead quick breeding method |
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| CN110150190B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-10-26 | 海南晨海水产有限公司 | Colony breeding method for egg-shaped pompano |
| CN110269009A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-09-24 | 重庆两江生态渔业发展有限公司 | Bighead selection for reservoir cultivation |
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| CN101032229B (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2010-12-08 | 上海能正渔业科技开发有限公司 | Establishing and culture selecting method of breeding a pure system of fugu obscurus |
| CN102047851B (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2012-11-21 | 上海海洋大学 | Construction and stock breeding method for cultured grass carp families |
| CN102349462A (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2012-02-15 | 吴江市水产养殖有限公司 | Breeding method for improved variety of fishes |
| CN102919177B (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2014-01-08 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Breeding method of masu salmons |
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