CN102349462A - Breeding method for improved variety of fishes - Google Patents
Breeding method for improved variety of fishes Download PDFInfo
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- CN102349462A CN102349462A CN2011102513766A CN201110251376A CN102349462A CN 102349462 A CN102349462 A CN 102349462A CN 2011102513766 A CN2011102513766 A CN 2011102513766A CN 201110251376 A CN201110251376 A CN 201110251376A CN 102349462 A CN102349462 A CN 102349462A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method for the improved variety of fishes. The breeding method comprises the following steps of: a. selection of ripe fishes; b. parental hybrid; c. parental mark; d. family construction; and e. improved variety breeding. By adopting the technical scheme, the family for the bred largemouth black bass is established, the families of the largemouth black bass are mated and novel variety of the largemouth black bass which has high quality, high yield and stable yield is suitable for the breeding environment in China is bred.
Description
Technical field
the present invention relates to a kind of fish fine-variety breeding method, belong to the animal reproduction technical field.
Background technology
Micropterus salmoides (Micropterus salmoides) are commonly called as the California perch, have another name called big mouth perch, and sea bass belongs to Perciformes, and Sunfishes is a kind of eurythermic predacious fish of pure fresh water.Micropterus salmoides originates in North America freshwater, and the back is introduced areas such as state such as Britain, France, West Africa, Brazil, Philippine and Hong Kong, Taiwan and cultured, and it is cultured waters and almost spreads all over the world.Micropterus salmoides is introduced in China behind the ground from twentieth century the beginning of the eighties, has been generalized to national many provinces and cities, becomes one of China's special aquatic products article.The solid delicacy of Micropterus salmoides meat, meat flavour deliciousness, delicate fragrance, nutritious, price is higher, and is in very great demand.Micropterus salmoides is prone to domestication, adaptability is strong, disease is few, be prone to catch, but both pond monoculture, net cage monoculture also can in the parent population pool, raise together with, and can control the wild fishes in the fish pond effectively, be the improved seeds that are worth promoting.Nineteen eighty-three has introduced since the continent from Taiwan, and the breed of Micropterus salmoides obtains flourish, and the output in the whole nation surpasses 160,000 tons at present, and wherein area breed amount in Jiangsu accounts for 35-40%.
Introduced so far from nineteen eighty-three
, and the germplasm of Micropterus salmoides never obtains upgrading, and seed selection work is not carried out yet.Along with the continuous expansion of Micropterus salmoides breed scale, a lot of nurseries are not paid attention to seed germplasm problem under the driving of interests.Be subjected to factor affecting such as inbreeding, Micropterus salmoides seed quality obviously descends, and degenerating appears in growth traits; Cause no small economic loss to the raiser; Therefore press for and carry out the Micropterus salmoides breeding research, select good new lines, to adapt to the development need of Micropterus salmoides aquaculture.
Summary of the invention
in order to address the above problem, the object of the invention is to provide a kind of fish fine-variety breeding method, thereby selects the Micropterus salmoides kind of suitable China freshwater aquiculture environment of disease-resistant, high yield, stable yields.
In order to reach above purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of fish fine-variety breeding method may further comprise the steps:
A. the selection of parent population: in all parent populations, select active, inheritance is good, body weight is greater than the parent population of average weight 15-20%, as the parent who breeds;
B. parent's combo: the male and female parent is carried out combo, and male and female parent's ratio is 2:1 in every group;
C. parent's mark: every tail parent is carried out individual mark, and every tail parent has independently numeral;
D. make up family: behind parent's gonad maturity, the parent is carried out manual injection's hormone solution, male and female parent adopts artificial insemination to obtain fertilized egg; Hatch, cultivate; Each offspring to the parent raises respectively, sets up family, and it is identical that the stocking density of different familys keeps; Weight from parent's filial generation reaches 50g to the process of forming; Every tail fish in the different familys carries out mark; Each individuality has independently numeral; Each individuality has independently numeral; Mix then and support in same pond; Constantly eliminate during the breed, the residue family is as the basic family of seed selection of future generation;
e. fine-variety breeding: each basic family is carried out respectively preferably in the summer flower stage; The parent population of each basic family being selected in the summer flower stage in 1 fish stage in age carries out respectively preferably; The parent population of each basic family being selected in 1 fish stage in age in 2 fish stages in age carries out respectively preferably; From each basic family adult fish, pick out at last active, inheritance is good, body weight is greater than the parent population of average weight 15-20%; As the parent who carries out breeding of future generation; Repeating step b proceeds seed selection to steps d.Summer flower refers to the fry of hatching in spring, through the back fingerling that goes out the pond in summer of raising in 20～30 days; 1 age fish refer to the raising of summer flower through 3～5 months, be called 1 age fish; 2 age fish refer to 1 age fingerling raise again be in 1 year 2 age fish.
among step a and the step e, use microsatellite marker to carry out the quality that Genetic Detection is confirmed heritability further.Microsatellite marker is called STR or simple repeated sequence again, is the simple repeated sequence that is uniformly distributed in the eukaryotic gene group, is made up of the series connection repeated fragment of 2～6 nucleotide.The number of repetition of recurring unit between individuality, is the height variability and quantity is abundant, so microsatellite marker can be distinguished interindividual variation.Usually through pcr amplification, amplified production detects through electrophoretic analysis and according to size separation allelomorph microsatellite locus.
further in step b and the steps d, adopt the PIT electronic marker that every tail parent is carried out individual mark.The PIT electronic marker is a kind of radio frequency chip that is encapsulated in the glass tube, and each chip has independently serial number information, and chip is implanted in the animal and plant body through syringe, reads the chip serial number information through card reader and distinguishes an intragroup Different Individual.
further, the hormone solution in the steps d is the mixture of chorion HCG, human chorionic gonadtropin analog LRH-A and DOM DOM.
further; The injected dose of hormone solution is the every kg body weight injection of raun parent chorion 800 ± 100UI, human chorionic gonadtropin analog 10 ± 2 μ g, DOM 10 ± 2mg, the every kg body weight injection of milter parent chorion 400 ± 50UI, human chorionic gonadtropin analog 5 ± 1 μ g, DOM 5 ± 1mg.
Further, the artificial insemination described in the steps d may further comprise the steps
: the belly of extruding raun is gathered mature egg, preserves at low temperatures; The manual compression milter is extruded seminal fluid; Mix The mature sperm and ovum immediately, stir.
preferably; Each basic family is carried out respectively preferably among the step e in the summer flower stage; Its method is for when fry grows to 3 ± 0.5cm; Big individuality is screened; Keep the individual size of fry consistent; Total length, the body of measurement fry is long, body is wide and body weight, selects each item index outstanding, determines quantity as required.
more preferably, among the step e 1 age fish and 2 fish stages in age each basic family is carried out respectively preferably, its method is long for total length, the body of measuring fry, body is wide and body weight, selects each item index outstanding, determines quantity as required.
preferably, among the step e, the selected quantity as the parent of each family adult fish is 1 to 3 tail at last.
the present invention through setting up family to culturing Micropterus salmoides, carries out the mating between the Micropterus salmoides family through adopting above technical scheme, selects the Micropterus salmoides new varieties of suitable China breeding environment of high-quality, high yield, stable yields.
Embodiment
Set forth in the face of preferred embodiment of the present invention down in detail
, thereby so that advantage of the present invention and characteristic can be easier to it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that protection scope of the present invention is made more explicit defining.
A kind of fish fine-variety breeding method may further comprise the steps:
The selection of
a. parent population: collect 200 pairs of Micropterus salmoides, adopt the microsatellite marker of this development in laboratory that these Micropterus salmoides have been carried out genetic analysis, analysis result shows that these fishing gears have higher genetic diversity.Optimize therefrom then that action is active, heritability is good, body weight greater than 100 pairs of parent populations of average weight 15～20% as alternative parent.
b. parent combo: the male and female parent is carried out combo, and male and female parent's ratio is 2:1 in every group.
c. parent mark: adopt the PIT electronic marker that every tail parent is carried out individual mark, every tail parent has independently numeral.
d. makes up family: behind parent's gonad maturity; The parent is carried out manual injection's hormone solution; Male and female parent adopts artificial insemination to obtain fertilized egg; From hatching to grow seedlings, nurture of fish fingerlings and 1 age fish cultivate; Each offspring to the parent raises respectively; Set up family, it is identical that the stocking density of different familys keeps; Arrogant mouthful of sea bass filial generation weight reaches 50g to the process of forming; Every tail parent in the different familys carries out the PIT electronic marker; Each individuality has independently numeral; Mix then and support in same pond; Constantly eliminate during the breed, remain the basic family of 60 familys as seed selection of future generation.
wherein; The hormone solution that is used to accelerate the ripening is the mixture of chorion HCG, human chorionic gonadtropin analog LRH-A and DOM DOM; Its injected dose is the every kg body weight injection of raun parent chorion 800 ± 100UI, human chorionic gonadtropin analog 10 ± 2 μ g, DOM 10 ± 2mg, the every kg body weight injection of milter parent chorion 400 ± 50UI, human chorionic gonadtropin analog 5 ± 1 μ g, DOM 5 ± 1mg.
artificial insemination may further comprise the steps: the belly of extruding raun is gathered mature egg, preserves at low temperatures; The manual compression milter is extruded seminal fluid; Mix The mature sperm and ovum immediately, stir.
E. fine-variety breeding: in the summer flower of Micropterus salmoides growth, 1 age fish, 2 fish stages in age are critical periods of family selective breeding, carry out preferred:
1. the summer flower vegetative stage is preferred: at first select fry energetic; It is normal to move about, and the family of not having deformity is cultivated to the summer flower stage as selecting family; Total length, the body of measuring fry is long, body is wide and body weight, filters out therefrom that individuality is big, body colour continues about 10000 tails to cultivate preferably;
2. 1 fish stage in age is preferred: Micropterus salmoides is once selected when growing to 50g, and total length, the body of measuring fry is long, body is wide and body weight, filters out that individuality is big, body colour is carried out mark preferably and cultured about 5000 tails;
are 2 fish stages in age preferred 3.: culture to 2 ages to the same screening technique of Micropterus salmoides family utilization, select from 60 familys that individuality is big, the active 400-500 of action is to Micropterus salmoides.After adopting microsatellite marker to carry out Genetic Detection; Select 100-200 to the subsequent use parent population of the good conduct of heritability, wherein the selected quantity as the parent of each family is 1 to 3 tail, then combo, grow seedlings; Proceed seed selection, each Micropterus salmoides of eliminating is used for producing or selling.
The mating of
male and female fish, according to 1 milter randomly with the principle of 2 raun mating, the offspring of these 2 rauns is half-blooded family half sibs.In the process of carrying out normal seed selection, avoid the near Micropterus salmoides mating of affiliation such as half sibs or family full-sibs as far as possible, thereby prevent inbreeding depression.
Scheme described in
present embodiment is applicable to that fairly large seed multiplication farm or national breeding base carry out the fine-variety breeding of Micropterus salmoides.
above embodiment only is explanation technical conceive of the present invention and characteristics; Its purpose is to allow the people that is familiar with this technology understand content of the present invention and implements; Can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this; All equivalences that spirit is done according to the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. fish fine-variety breeding method may further comprise the steps:
A. the selection of parent population: in all parent populations, select active, inheritance is good, body weight is greater than the parent population of average weight 15-20%, as the parent who breeds;
B. parent's combo: the male and female parent is carried out combo, and male and female parent's ratio is 2:1 in every group;
C. parent's mark: every tail parent is carried out individual mark, and every tail parent has independently numeral;
D. make up family: behind parent's gonad maturity, to parent manual injection hormone solution, male and female parent adopts artificial insemination to obtain fertilized egg, hatches, cultivates, and each is raised respectively parent's filial generation, sets up family, and it is identical that the stocking density of different familys keeps; Weight from parent's filial generation reaches 50g to the process of forming; Every tail fish in the different familys carries out mark, and each individuality has independently numeral, mixes then and supports in same pond; Constantly eliminate during the breed, the residue family is as the basic family of seed selection of future generation;
E. fine-variety breeding: each described basic family is carried out respectively preferably in the summer flower stage; The fingerling of each basic family being selected in the summer flower stage in 1 fish stage in age carries out respectively preferably; The fingerling of each basic family being selected in 1 fish stage in age in 2 fish stages in age carries out respectively preferably; From each basic family adult fish, pick out at last active, inheritance is good, body weight is greater than the parent population of average weight 15-20%; As the parent who carries out breeding of future generation; Repeating step b proceeds seed selection to steps d.
2. fish fine-variety breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: among step a and the step e, the utilization microsatellite marker carries out the quality that Genetic Detection is confirmed heritability.
3. fish fine-variety breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step b and the steps d, adopt the PIT electronic marker that every tail parent is carried out individual mark.
4. fish fine-variety breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the hormone solution described in the steps d is the mixture of chorion HCG, human chorionic gonadtropin analog LRH-A and DOM DOM.
5. fish fine-variety breeding method according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: the injected dose of described hormone solution is the every kg body weight injection of raun parent chorion 800 ± 100UI, human chorionic gonadtropin analog 10 ± 2 μ g, DOM 10 ± 2mg, the every kg body weight injection of milter parent chorion 400 ± 50UI, human chorionic gonadtropin analog 5 ± 1 μ g, DOM 5 ± 1mg.
6. fish fine-variety breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the artificial insemination described in the steps d may further comprise the steps: the belly of extruding raun is gathered mature egg, preserves at low temperatures; The manual compression milter is extruded seminal fluid; Mix The mature sperm and ovum immediately, stir.
7. fish fine-variety breeding method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: each basic family is carried out respectively preferably described in the step e in the summer flower stage; Its method is for when fry grows to 3 ± 0.5cm; Big individuality is screened; Keep the individual size of fry consistent; Total length, the body of measurement fry is long, body is wide and body weight, selects each item index outstanding, determines quantity as required.
8. fish fine-variety breeding method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described in the step e 1 age fish and 2 fish stages in age each fundamental system is carried out respectively preferably; Its method is long for total length, the body of measuring fry, body is wide and body weight; Select each item index outstanding, determine quantity as required.
9. fish fine-variety breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: among the step e, the selected quantity as the parent of each family adult fish is 1 to 3 tail at last.
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| CN2011102513766A CN102349462A (en) | 2011-08-30 | 2011-08-30 | Breeding method for improved variety of fishes |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103749361A (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2014-04-30 | 天津师范大学 | Method for incubating largemouth basses ahead of time |
| CN105393960A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-03-16 | 安徽农业大学 | Micropterus salmoides early breeding method |
| CN105393961A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-03-16 | 安徽农业大学 | Germ cell hatching method in Micropterus salmoides early breeding process |
| CN105409841A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-03-23 | 安徽农业大学 | Method for urging largemouth bass to spawn in advance |
| CN105638524A (en) * | 2016-01-03 | 2016-06-08 | 湖南文理学院 | Quick bighead carp selection and breeding method |
| CN107155959A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-09-15 | 南京师范大学 | A kind of compound breeding method for improveing yellow catfish growing character |
| CN107278983A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-10-24 | 成都市农林科学院 | Perca fluviatilis parent's selection based on artificial propagation |
| CN107581105A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-01-16 | 唐山市维卓水产养殖有限公司 | A kind of method for improving Cynoglossus semilaevis raun seed ratio |
| CN108703091A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-10-26 | 上海海洋大学 | A kind of method of the effective parent number of cross combination in identification Grass carp |
| CN111758619A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-13 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Parent breeding method for improving reproductive efficiency of nile tilapia |
| CN115362958A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-22 | 成都市农林科学院 | Parent lip \19579basedon industrialized cultivation |
| CN115500288A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-12-23 | 广西宇健农业科技有限公司 | Breeding and seedling selection method for micropterus salmoides fry |
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Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103749361B (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2015-05-27 | 天津师范大学 | Method for incubating largemouth basses ahead of time |
| CN103749361A (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2014-04-30 | 天津师范大学 | Method for incubating largemouth basses ahead of time |
| CN105409841B (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2018-03-16 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of method for promoting Micropterus salmoides Early- breeding |
| CN105393960A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-03-16 | 安徽农业大学 | Micropterus salmoides early breeding method |
| CN105393961A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-03-16 | 安徽农业大学 | Germ cell hatching method in Micropterus salmoides early breeding process |
| CN105409841A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-03-23 | 安徽农业大学 | Method for urging largemouth bass to spawn in advance |
| CN105638524A (en) * | 2016-01-03 | 2016-06-08 | 湖南文理学院 | Quick bighead carp selection and breeding method |
| CN107155959B (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2020-08-11 | 南京师范大学 | Compound breeding method for improving growth traits of pelteobagrus fulvidraco |
| CN107155959A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-09-15 | 南京师范大学 | A kind of compound breeding method for improveing yellow catfish growing character |
| CN107278983A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-10-24 | 成都市农林科学院 | Perca fluviatilis parent's selection based on artificial propagation |
| CN107581105A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-01-16 | 唐山市维卓水产养殖有限公司 | A kind of method for improving Cynoglossus semilaevis raun seed ratio |
| CN107581105B (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2020-06-23 | 唐山市维卓水产养殖有限公司 | Method for improving fry proportion of female cynoglossus semilaevis |
| CN108703091A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-10-26 | 上海海洋大学 | A kind of method of the effective parent number of cross combination in identification Grass carp |
| CN111758619A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-13 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Parent breeding method for improving reproductive efficiency of nile tilapia |
| CN111758619B (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2021-10-12 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Parent breeding method for improving reproductive efficiency of nile tilapia |
| CN115362958A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-22 | 成都市农林科学院 | Parent lip \19579basedon industrialized cultivation |
| CN115500288A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-12-23 | 广西宇健农业科技有限公司 | Breeding and seedling selection method for micropterus salmoides fry |
| CN115500288B (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-08-11 | 广西宇健农业科技有限公司 | Breeding and seedling selecting method for largemouth black weever fries |
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Application publication date: 20120215 |