CN107581105A - A kind of method for improving Cynoglossus semilaevis raun seed ratio - Google Patents
A kind of method for improving Cynoglossus semilaevis raun seed ratio Download PDFInfo
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- CN107581105A CN107581105A CN201710820431.6A CN201710820431A CN107581105A CN 107581105 A CN107581105 A CN 107581105A CN 201710820431 A CN201710820431 A CN 201710820431A CN 107581105 A CN107581105 A CN 107581105A
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- raun
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method for improving Cynoglossus semilaevis raun seed ratio.It uses " four select method " in the Seedling production phase, primary election：Seed through one month culture after, first according to body weight size choosing abandon greatly it is small, then from build feature distinguish；Two choosings：Through the cultivation of 2 months, second stage screening is carried out according to primary election link key problem in technology；Three choosings：During 6 monthly age, first abandoned greatly according to the choosing of body long size small, screened in conjunction with gonad development；Four choosings：During August age, according to growth specification, small, bad to female growth traits progress " false female superseded " is abandoned greatly in choosing.The present invention by eliminating male successively, retain female individuals to cultivate to commercial specification, finally realize full feminisation cultivation, the process of superseded male is at utmost shortened, is effectively improved productivity effect, compared with not screening, in the case where keeping yield, production cost reduces 47.2%, and benefit improves more than 84.1%, greatly meets breeding production needs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Cynoglossus semilaevis fish culture method, specifically a kind of side for improving Cynoglossus semilaevis raun seed ratio
Method.
Background technology
Cynoglossus semilaevis is warm water coastal waters demersal fishes, is distributed in China coast, is more using Bohai and Yellow Seas.Half is sliding
Tongue sole fine and tender taste, delicious flavour is nutritious, and dressing percentage is high, and individual is big, and growth is fast, is the rare fish of high-quality high price
Class, its quality and value are flounder, flounder, the outstanding person of sole class, are liked deeply by consumers in general.At present, Cynoglossus semilaevis is manually educated
Seedling technology has been achieved with breakthrough, nursery cultivation and cultural technique successfully is applied into production, and Cynoglossus semilaevis was both
The industrial aquaculture of high investment can be used to produce, the pond culture production of low cost can be carried out again.
But the problem of being found in production practices is:Even if the speed of growth of the fry of same specification raun under the same conditions
Will apparently higher than milter, equal growth time raun specification up to 3-10 times of male, and for survival rate raun also compared with
Milter has obvious advantage.
Under cultivating condition, male accounts for 3/5 or so, and male can not still reach commercial specification through cultivation in 2 years, and this is just
Cause breeding efficiency very low, influence yield and income.Therefore, realize that high feminisation or the cultivation of full feminisation are supported to improving Cynoglossus semilaevis
Grow yield and economic benefit is significant.However, it cannot be distinguished by male and female at nursery scene, it is necessary in breeding process constantly
Male is eliminated, retains female individuals, final male ratio is seldom.Breeding process before being eliminated due to male is formed
Huge waste, therefore, more early superseded milter cultivate that whole female individuals proportion is bigger, and aquaculture cost is lower, cultivation
Benefit is better.
Li Hu exists《Cynoglossus semilaevis Cynoglossussemilaevis Sex Determination Mechanisms, cultured population when male and female shape
State Research on differences》With《The property ratio of cynoglossus semilaevis cultivation colony is compared with male and female morphological differences》In to semi-smooth tongue sole offspring breed sex ration
Possessed some special knowledge in example, " in body weight, had significant difference at 6 monthly age between tongue sole phenotype male and female（p < 0.05）, June
After age, gap between the two persistently increases；Between body long side, Cynoglossus semilaevis phenotype male and female at 6 monthly age it is existing compared with
Big difference, and reach significance in August age；After 6 monthly ages, no matter phenotype female is grown in body or in body weight, all aobvious
Work is more than normal male（p<0.0 5）”." the problem of on improving Cynoglossus semilaevis female ratio, temperature can not induce Cynoglossus semilaevis
Male converts to female, i.e., temperature adjusting can not make ratio of female more than 50%.Zhang Xiaoyan etc. utilizes the induction of the beta estradiol of hormone 17
Go out 97% raun, substantially close to complete female, but such a method under cover food security and the drawbacks of influence environment, uncomfortable symphysis
The application of production property.In semi-smooth tongue sole offspring breed production scene, female typically constitutes from 1/3~1/4, but without rigorous survey report ", but not
Have and propose application example and actual discrimination method.
Wang Ke exists《The research of Cynoglossus semilaevis male and female Sex Differentiation index》In also simply to the finger of female, male Cynoglossus semilaevis blood
Mark, the caryogram of chromosome, the banding pattern of chromosome, hormonal readiness are analyzed, and are not also suggested that and are differentiated male and female in practical application
Specific method.
CN201210120086.2 discloses a kind of method of cynoglossus semilaevis cultivation seed raun ratio, a kind of its family choosing
The method educated, it is difficult successful application in production practices.
To sum up DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART, the research for the cultivation of full feminisation is the big focus of current one both at home and abroad.Control now
Property mainly has that female hormone stimulation, gynogenesis, sex control, nuclear transplantation, genetic engineering are several otherwise, but
Be with regard to produce reality operation for exist complex operation, technical threshold it is tall and big on, it is difficult to be successfully applied to current breeding production
In.
The content of the invention
The present invention for Cynoglossus semilaevis scene cannot be distinguished by male and female during nursery the problem of, there is provided one kind in Seedling production
Phase uses " four select method ", eliminates male successively, retains gynoecy individual cultivation to commercial specification, finally realizes that full feminisation is supported
The method for the raising Cynoglossus semilaevis raun seed ratio grown, not only left-hand seat is simple but also Selection effect is good for the method.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that its technical problem uses：
A kind of method for improving Cynoglossus semilaevis raun seed ratio, is carried out in the steps below：
（1）First stage primary election, i.e., one choosing are carried out according to size heterogeneity, physical characteristic：In the same batch of goods seed put in a suitable place to breed
After a culture in month, the small long 9-10cm of seedling body, body weight 30g or so, because sexual gland is not developed, this phase is distinguished by profile：First
Tentatively selected according to body weight size, choosing is abandoned greatly small；Again from build, general raun head is substantially generous, afterbody blunt circle, entirely
Body is also obvious wider, and milter entirety perception is narrow, tail point, and build is narrow thin.Feature, a seed selection are distinguished according to above-mentioned profile
Rate 70%, that is, eliminate milter 30%.
（2）Second stage is carried out according to size heterogeneity, physical characteristic to select again, i.e., two choosings：Again through the cultivation of 2 months, reach 3
At the monthly age, the long 15-20cm of body, more than the g of average weight 100, second stage screening is carried out according to primary election link；Seed selection rate 75%, i.e.,
Eliminate milter 25%.
（3）Observe gonad development situation and carry out phase III screening, i.e., three choosings：During 6 monthly age, the long 25-30cm of body, average body
Weight more than 150g, first tentatively selected according to the long size of body, choosing is abandoned greatly small, is screened in conjunction with gonad development；When specification reaches
During 25cm, the sexual gland of milter is reached maturity substantially, and raun gonad development and unobvious, and fish is lain against on lamp plate, or
By torch light, its gonad development situation carries out male and female resolution from the bottom illumination of fish body；Raun sexual gland circle is blunt, and development is not
Substantially, the obvious point length of milter sexual gland, slightly firmly extruding gonopore has " stream is white " phenomenon generation i.e. as milter of sperm outflow,
And then eliminate.Seed selection rate 70%, that is, eliminate milter 30%.
（4）Fourth stage screening, i.e., four choosings are carried out according to growth specification：During August age, the long 30-35cm of body, average weight
200 more than g, according to growth specification, small, bad to female growth traits progress " false female superseded " is abandoned greatly in choosing.Seed selection rate 60%,
Eliminate raun 40%.
Using the present invention of above-mentioned technical proposal, compared with prior art, beneficial effect is：
Using above-mentioned " four select method ", by eliminating male successively, retain the cultivation of gynoecy individual to commercial specification, finally
Full feminisation cultivation is realized, the process of superseded male is at utmost shortened, is effectively improved productivity effect, it is same not screen
Compare, by the seed seed selection of four choosings, raun ratio brings up to 100% from 1/4, and in the case of keeping yield, production cost subtracts
Few 47.2%, benefit improves more than 84.1%, greatly meets breeding production needs.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is " four select method " flow chart of the invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Following embodiments, based on applicant's summary of experience to cynoglossus semilaevis cultivation in recent years：Cynoglossus semilaevis raun is whole
Growth is rapid, obvious, and milter is then after half a year, and specification occurs growing the characteristic substantially lagged when reaching 20 centimeters or so,
Even if also to have after 6 monthly ages, in full raun, nearly 40% raun growth input and output is suitable, benefit unobvious and occupancy resource,
" false female superseded " is needed, therefore to do screening operation stage by stage, screening process is as shown in figure 1, step is as follows：
1. first stage primary election is carried out according to size heterogeneity, physical characteristic（One choosing）：9-10cm seedlings, body weight 30g or so, due to
Sexual gland is not developed, and this phase can be distinguished by profile.In the same batch of goods seed put in a suitable place to breed after a culture in month, first according to body
Great small preliminary selected, choosing is abandoned greatly small.General raun head is substantially generous from build again, afterbody blunt circle, whole body
It is obvious wider, and milter entirety perception is narrow, tail point, build is narrow thin.According to the seed selection rate 70% of These characteristics one（Eliminate milter
30%）.
2. carry out second stage according to size heterogeneity, physical characteristic to select again（Two choosings）：Again through the cultivation of 2 months, reach March
In age, the long 15-20cm of body, more than the g of average weight 100, second stage screening is carried out according to primary election link.Seed selection rate 75%（Eliminate
Milter 25%）.
3. observing gonad development situation carries out phase III screening（Three choosings）：During 6 monthly age, the long 25-30cm of body, average weight
More than 150g, first tentatively selected according to the long size of body, choosing is abandoned greatly small, is screened in conjunction with gonad development.When specification reaches
During 25cm, the sexual gland of milter is reached maturity substantially, and raun gonad development and unobvious.Lamp plate can be used（Seen similar to hospital
The case lamp of CT photos）, fish is lain against on lamp plate, or by torch light from the bottom illumination of fish body its gonad development shape
Condition is differentiated.Raun sexual gland circle is blunt（Develop unobvious）, and the obvious point of milter sexual gland is long, slightly firmly extruding gonopore has " stream
Phenomenon occurs in vain "（I.e. sperm flows out）As milter, and then eliminate.Seed selection rate 70%（Eliminate milter 30%）.
4. fourth stage screening is carried out according to growth specification（Four choosings）：When the commodity fish culture phase reaches 6 months, after screening
35% total fish amount in also to carry out last time screening, be referred to as " false female eliminate ", carry out false female superseded meaning be because
Screening full raun in also to have nearly 40% raun growth input and output it is suitable, benefit unobvious and take resource, so this
Secondary screening is most important.During August age, the long 30-35cm of body, more than the g of average weight 200, according to growth specification, choosing abandon greatly it is small, it is right
The bad progress of female growth traits " false female superseded ".Seed selection rate 60%（Eliminate raun 40%）.
So high-quality full raun can be selected by four screenings in different times to carry out finally forming work, total seed selection rate
For more than 22%；So the number that commodity offspring seed buys radix is the premise for determining efficiently cultivation success or failure.
The practicable embodiment of the present invention is the foregoing is only, not thereby limits to the interest field of the present invention,
All equivalence changes made with present specification, it is both contained within the interest field of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method for improving Cynoglossus semilaevis raun seed ratio, is carried out in the steps below：
（1）First stage primary election, i.e., one choosing are carried out according to size heterogeneity, physical characteristic：In the same batch of goods seed put in a suitable place to breed
After a culture in month, the small long 9-10cm of seedling body, body weight 30g or so, because sexual gland is not developed, this phase is distinguished by profile：First
Tentatively selected according to body weight size, choosing is abandoned greatly small；Again from build, general raun head is substantially generous, afterbody blunt circle, entirely
Body is also obvious wider, and milter entirety perception is narrow, tail point, and build is narrow thin；Feature, a seed selection are distinguished according to above-mentioned profile
Rate 70%, that is, eliminate milter 30%；
（2）Second stage is carried out according to size heterogeneity, physical characteristic to select again, i.e., two choosings：Again through the cultivation of 2 months, reach March
In age, the long 15-20cm of body, more than the g of average weight 100, second stage screening is carried out according to primary election link；Seed selection rate 75%, that is, wash in a pan
Eliminate milter 25%；
（3）Observe gonad development situation and carry out phase III screening, i.e., three choosings：During 6 monthly age, the long 25-30cm of body, average weight
More than 150g, first tentatively selected according to the long size of body, choosing is abandoned greatly small, is screened in conjunction with gonad development；When specification reaches
During 25cm, the sexual gland of milter is reached maturity substantially, and raun gonad development and unobvious, and fish is lain against on lamp plate, or
By torch light, its gonad development situation carries out male and female resolution from the bottom illumination of fish body；Raun sexual gland circle is blunt, and development is not
Substantially, the obvious point length of milter sexual gland, slightly firmly extruding gonopore has " stream is white " phenomenon generation i.e. as milter of sperm outflow,
And then eliminate；Seed selection rate 70%, that is, eliminate milter 30%；
（4）Fourth stage screening, i.e., four choosings are carried out according to growth specification：During August age, the long 30-35cm of body, the g of average weight 200
More than, according to growth specification, small, bad to female growth traits progress " false female superseded " is abandoned greatly in choosing；Seed selection rate 60%, that is, wash in a pan
Eliminate raun 40%.
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| CN201710820431.6A CN107581105B (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2017-09-13 | Method for improving fry proportion of female cynoglossus semilaevis |
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| CN201710820431.6A CN107581105B (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2017-09-13 | Method for improving fry proportion of female cynoglossus semilaevis |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110178760A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-08-30 | 利津县双瀛水产苗种有限责任公司 | The method that nutrition regulation HUANGHE ESTUARY Cynoglossus semilaevis parent population breeds high feminisation seed |
| CN111528146A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-14 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Method for obtaining high-female fertilized eggs of cynoglossus semilaevis all year round |
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| CN110178760A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-08-30 | 利津县双瀛水产苗种有限责任公司 | The method that nutrition regulation HUANGHE ESTUARY Cynoglossus semilaevis parent population breeds high feminisation seed |
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| CN111528146A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-14 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Method for obtaining high-female fertilized eggs of cynoglossus semilaevis all year round |
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