CN105165679A - Establishing and breeding method for three matched breeding lines of megalobrama amblycephala - Google Patents
Establishing and breeding method for three matched breeding lines of megalobrama amblycephala Download PDFInfo
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- 241001275890 Megalobrama amblycephala Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 58
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims description 15
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- 241001519451 Abramis brama Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 206010016761 Flat chest Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910012526 LiSF Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003975 animal breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019728 animal nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009399 inbreeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method for three matched breeding lines of megalobrama amblycephala. The breeding method comprises the steps that 1, original parent sources of the matched breeding lines are selected; 2, the matched breeding lines are established, wherein the growth speed, the body form and the genetic purity are taken as the breeding targets, and the first matched breeding line, the second matched breeding line and the third matched breeding line are established; 3, parallel breeding is performed on each matched breeding line by adopting a group breeding method; 4, the breeding effect is evaluated, wherein the breeding effect is evaluated when breeding of the matched breeding lines is performed to the third generation. Through the breeding method for the three matched breeding lines of the megalobrama amblycephala, the matched breeding lines are constructed, parallel breeding is performed on the three matched breeding lines through the group breeding method, the breeding lines with the different form characteristics, different growth speeds and different genetic variations are formed, and conditions are created for producing breeding lines polymerized by excellent germplasm or improved varieties.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to megalobrama amblycephala (
megalobramaamblycephala) foundation of three supporting breeding lines and selection.
Background technology
Megalobrama amblycephala (
megalobramaamblycephala) popular name blunt snout bream, originate in some lakes of China's Yangtze middle reaches, be phytophagy economic fish (Zhang Xingzhong, Feng Guangren, Zhang Siming, wangkai. Yunihu Lake of Hubei province megalobrama amblycephala merit and plant matter research. fresh water fishery, 1991,3:12-16.).Be found at Hubei Liangzi Lake from 1956, name (Yi Bailu. about the new data of gurnet (flat chest bream) kind. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 1955,2:115-122.) and domestication become cultivation object (Ke Hongwen. the artificial propagation of megalobrama amblycephala and feeding experiment. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 1965,5 (2): 282-283.) since, because disease is few, easily fish for, breed simple, survival rate is high and the advantage such as delicious meat, become one of important cultivation object, and introduced a fine variety to many areas, the whole nation and cultivate.But comparatively serious degradation phenomena has appearred in many cultured populations of China various places megalobrama amblycephala afterwards, show that growth rate slows down, sexual maturity individuality diminishes, build is elongated, thinning etc.Inbreeding, parent population mismanagement are the main cause (Li Sifa causing culture performance to degenerate, Cai complete its, Zhou Biyun. the morphological differences between megalobrama amblycephala population and Biochemical Genetic difference. aquatic product journal, 1991,15(3): 204-211. Li Sifa, Yang Xueming. two-way choice is on the impact of megalobrama amblycephala Biochemical Genetic Variation. Chinese aquatic science, 1996,3(1): 1-5.).For this reason, Shanghai Ocean University (former Shanghai Aquatic Products Univ. 9CN)) Fish Germplasm Resources research department was from 1985, colony based on Hubei Province's Yuni Lake megalobrama amblycephala, under quantitative inheritance theoretical direction, adopt the method that systematic breeding and biotechnology combine, enforcement high strength is selected, after the six generation systematic breedings reaching 16 years, obtain the first breeding variety---the "Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream (Li Sifa of the excellent herbivorous fishes of culture performance, Cai complete its. the two-way seed selection effect study of megalobrama amblycephala. aquatic product journal, 2000, 24(3): 201-205. Li Si sends out. fish breeding is introduced--"Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream. Chinese Fishery, 2001, 11:52.LiSF, CaiWQ.Geneticimprovementoftheherbivorousbluntsnoutbream (
megalobramaamblycephala) .NAGA, 2003,26 (1): 20-23.).Breeding line the 6th generation (F
6) growth rate than original seed improve 30%, growth vigor is fairly obvious, stabilization characteristics of genetics.2000,, breeding validation board authorization former through national aquatic products, the Ministry of Agriculture audits, and is published as the suitable improved seeds (Ministry of Agriculture announces 2000 No. 134) promoted, within 2002, obtain the Shanghai City scientific and technological progress first prize, within 2004, obtain national science and technology progress second prize.At present in Shanghai, Jiangsu, Shanxi builds up national seed multiplication farm 3 place of "Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream, and has been generalized to nearly 20 provinces and cities in the whole nation.Since " No. 1, Pujiang " authorization, Shanghai Ocean University adheres to continuing seed selection, has reached the 10th generation (F so far
10), growth performance improves further, and genetic character is stablized further.
In view of the theory not having eternal breeding and the requirements of the times of weeding out the old and bring forth the new, at " No. 1, Pujiang " breeding (F
10) basis on, utilize up-to-date fine-variety breeding technological means to consolidate further and to strengthen the merit of megalobrama amblycephala breeding imperative.Breed system breeding is that application has certain (a bit) economic characters " specialization " strain and hybridizes, and production has a kind of breeding mode formed a complete set of of remarkable " hybrid vigour ".Breed system breeding is as the breeding mode of a kind of advanced person, crops, in poultry and livestock breeding application general (Peng Zhong town. breed system and the breeding of pig breed system are analysed in examination. animal science and animal medicine, 2005, 3:19-22. opens river flowing from Guizhou Province through Hunan into Dongting Lake. Animal Breeding. and Chinese agriculture publishing house .2007.230-254.), and achieve the achievement attracted people's attention, and the breed system breeding of aquatic biological is still in the desk study stage, so far, relevant report (the WangCH of domestic rarely seen Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color breed system breeding, WangJ, XiangSP, LvYP, HeXZParentalgeneticeffectsevaluationofgrowth-relatedtrai tsofredcommoncarpinChina.FisheriesScience2009 (75): 1301-1305).
Shanghai Ocean University is in "Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream fine-variety breeding process, utilize animal nutrition, successively have developed megalobrama amblycephala artificial induction reduction division gynogenesis colony (Zou Shuming, Li Sifa, Cai complete its, Zhao Jinliang. the foundation of megalobrama amblycephala breeding gynogenesis colony and genetic variation thereof. aquatic product journal, 2001,25(4): 311-316.) and artificial induction Zhong Jian allotetraploid colony (megalobrama amblycephala ♀ × triangular bream
♂) (Zou Shuming. the breeding populations foundation of the artificial homology of megalobrama amblycephala and allotetraploid and the Analysis of Biological of Different Ploidy offspring thereof. Shanghai Aquatic Products Univ. 9CN) Ph.D. Dissertation .2004), scientific research and cultivation facts have proved, above Liang Ge biotechnology breeding colony possesses the feature that genetic purity is high and build is high respectively.This method carries out seed selection purifying to existing three breeding populations (" No. 1, Pujiang ", gynogenesis colony, allotetraploid colony), lays a good foundation for carrying out multiple characters pyramiding breeding between supporting breeding line from now on.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the seed selection purification process of the supporting breeding line of a kind of megalobrama amblycephala, the method with growth rate, build, genetic purity for breeding goal, build supporting breeding line, group breeding method is utilized to carry out parallel seed selection to supporting breeding line respectively, form the breeding line of the different growth rate of tool, the different genetic purity of different building shape characteristic sum, for the selected strain or breeding producing excellent germplasm polymerization creates conditions.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is: a kind of "Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream breeding line F
10the selection of supporting breeding line, its step is as follows:
(1) original parent of supporting breeding line: " No. 1, Pujiang " breeding line F
10;
(2) set up supporting breeding line: carry out breeding classification to the megalobrama amblycephala breeding population that original parent is set up, with growth rate, build and genetic purity for being bred as target, set up supporting breeding line, Criterion is as follows:
Take growth rate as seed selection standard; Male more than 900 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 800 grams;
(3) adopt group breeding method parallel seed selection is carried out to supporting breeding line, optimize the genotype of each system, improve the incubation proterties of each system, concrete chosen period and standard as follows:
In each seed selection from generation to generation, from hatching seedling stage to the adult fish phase, take growth rate as seed selection standard, four selections are carried out to supporting breeding line, for the first time, 20-30 days after emerging, the long 3-4cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 5%; For the second time, emerge latter 120 days, the long 12-15cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 10%; For the third time, emerge latter 18 months, body weight 400-500g, the rate of selecting and remain is 12%; 4th time, emerge latter 30 months, body weight 750-1000g, the rate of selecting and remain is 50%.Always the rate of selecting and remain is 0.03%.Male more than 900 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 800 grams;
(4) Breeding Effect is assessed: supporting breeding line seed selection, to the third generation, assesses Breeding Effect.
Described selection, the selection criteria described in (3) step, the per generation selection quantitative requirement of breeding line is: the fry quantity that first time is selected is more than 100 ten thousand tails; The raun quantity that second time is selected is more than 10,000 tails, and milter quantity is more than 5000 tails; The raun quantity that third time is selected is more than 500 tails, and milter quantity is more than 250 tails; The raun quantity selected for 4th time is more than 250 tails, and milter quantity is more than 120 tails.
The present invention also provides the selection of the supporting breeding line of a kind of megalobrama amblycephala artificial induction allotetraploid colony, and its step is as follows:
(1) original parent of supporting breeding line: megalobrama amblycephala ♀ × triangular bream
♂the artificial induction's allotetraploid colony obtained;
(2) set up supporting breeding line: carry out breeding classification to the megalobrama amblycephala breeding population that original parent is set up, with growth rate, build and genetic purity for being bred as target, set up supporting breeding line, Criterion is as follows:
Be breeding goal with build, require that the ratio of body length and height is below 2.0; Male more than 850 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 750 grams;
(3) adopt group breeding method parallel seed selection is carried out to supporting breeding line, optimize the genotype of each system, improve the incubation proterties of each system, concrete chosen period and standard as follows:
In each seed selection from generation to generation, from hatching seedling stage to the adult fish phase, being breeding goal with build, requiring that the ratio of body length and height is below 2.0, carries out four selections to supporting breeding line, for the first time, 20-30 days after emerging, the long 3-4cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 5%; For the second time, emerge latter 120 days, the long 12-15cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 10%; For the third time, emerge latter 18 months, body weight 400-500g, the rate of selecting and remain is 12%; 4th time, emerge latter 30 months, body weight 750-1000g, the rate of selecting and remain is 50%; Always the rate of selecting and remain is 0.03%; Male more than 850 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 750 grams.
(4) Breeding Effect is assessed: supporting breeding line seed selection, to the third generation, assesses Breeding Effect.
Above-mentioned selection, the selection criteria described in (3) step, the per generation selection quantitative requirement of breeding line is: the fry quantity that first time is selected is more than 100 ten thousand tails; The raun quantity that second time is selected is more than 10,000 tails, and milter quantity is more than 5000 tails; The raun quantity that third time is selected is more than 500 tails, and milter quantity is more than 250 tails; The raun quantity selected for 4th time is more than 250 tails, and milter quantity is more than 120 tails.
Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a kind of megalobrama amblycephala continuous two generations work to induce the selection of the supporting breeding line of reduction division gynogenesis colony, and its step is as follows:
(1) original parent of supporting breeding line: megalobrama amblycephala continuous two generations's work induction reduction division gynogenesis colony that both sexes all can be educated;
(2) set up supporting breeding line: carry out breeding classification to the megalobrama amblycephala breeding population that original parent is set up, with growth rate, build and genetic purity for being bred as target, set up supporting breeding line, Criterion is as follows:
Be seed selection standard with genetic purity, require that between individuality, genetic similarty is more than 90%; Male more than 850 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 750 grams;
(3) adopt group breeding method parallel seed selection is carried out to supporting breeding line, optimize the genotype of each system, improve the incubation proterties of each system, concrete chosen period and standard as follows:
In each seed selection from generation to generation, from hatching seedling stage to the adult fish phase, taking genetic purity as seed selection standard (Markers for Detection), requiring that between individuality, genetic similarty is more than 90%; Four selections are carried out to supporting breeding line, for the first time, 20-30 days after emerging, the long 3-4cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 5%; For the second time, emerge latter 120 days, the long 12-15cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 10%; For the third time, emerge latter 18 months, body weight 400-500g, the rate of selecting and remain is 12%; 4th time, emerge latter 30 months, body weight 750-1000g, the rate of selecting and remain is 50%; Always the rate of selecting and remain is 0.03%; Male more than 850 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 750 grams.
(4) Breeding Effect is assessed: supporting breeding line seed selection, to the third generation, assesses Breeding Effect.
Above-mentioned selection, the selection criteria described in (3) step, the per generation selection quantitative requirement of breeding line is: the fry quantity that first time is selected is more than 100 ten thousand tails; The raun quantity that second time is selected is more than 10,000 tails, and milter quantity is more than 5000 tails; The raun quantity that third time is selected is more than 500 tails, and milter quantity is more than 250 tails; The raun quantity selected for 4th time is more than 250 tails, and milter quantity is more than 120 tails.
A selection for the supporting breeding line of megalobrama amblycephala, its step is as follows:
(1) original parent of supporting breeding line is originated and screening: original parent source has 1. 2007, and seed selection obtains "Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream breeding line F
10, 2. 2003, obtain the artificial induction's allotetraploid colony (megalobrama amblycephala ♀ × triangular bream that all can educate of both sexes
♂), 3. 2005, obtain the megalobrama amblycephala that all can educate of both sexes continuous two generations's work induction reduction division gynogenesis colony, above three kinds of parents are as the original parent of breeding;
(2) set up supporting breeding line: carry out breeding classification to the megalobrama amblycephala breeding population that original parent is set up, with growth rate, build and genetic purity for being bred as target, set up supporting breeding line, the Criterion of each supporting breeding line is as follows:
A system ("Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream breeding line F
10): take growth rate as seed selection standard; Male more than 900 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 800 grams;
B system (artificial induction's allotetraploid colony (megalobrama amblycephala ♀ × triangular bream
♂)): be breeding goal with build, require that the ratio of body length and height is below 2.0; Male more than 850 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 750 grams;
C system (artificial induction's continuous two generations reduction division gynogenesis colony): be seed selection standard with genetic purity, requires that between individuality, genetic similarty is more than 90%; Male more than 850 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 750 grams;
(3) adopt group breeding method parallel seed selection is carried out to each supporting breeding line, optimize the genotype of each system, improve the incubation proterties of each system, concrete chosen period and standard as follows:
A system ("Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream breeding line F
10): in each seed selection from generation to generation, from hatching seedling stage to the adult fish phase, take growth rate as seed selection standard, four selections are carried out to supporting breeding line, for the first time, and 20-30 days after emerging, the long 3-4cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 5%; For the second time, emerge latter 120 days, the long 12-15cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 10%; For the third time, emerge latter 18 months, body weight 400-500g, the rate of selecting and remain is 12%; 4th time, emerge latter 30 months, body weight 750-1000g, the rate of selecting and remain is 50%.Always the rate of selecting and remain is 0.03%.Male more than 900 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 800 grams.
B system (artificial induction's allotetraploid colony (megalobrama amblycephala ♀ × triangular bream
♂)): in each seed selection from generation to generation, from hatching seedling stage to the adult fish phase, being breeding goal with build, requiring that the ratio of body length and height is below 2.0, carries out four selections to supporting breeding line, for the first time, and 20-30 days after emerging, the long 3-4cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 5%; For the second time, emerge latter 120 days, the long 12-15cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 10%; For the third time, emerge latter 18 months, body weight 400-500g, the rate of selecting and remain is 12%; 4th time, emerge latter 30 months, body weight 750-1000g, the rate of selecting and remain is 50%.Always the rate of selecting and remain is 0.03%.Male more than 850 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 750 grams.
C system (artificial induction's continuous two generations reduction division gynogenesis colony): in each seed selection from generation to generation, from hatching seedling stage to the adult fish phase, taking genetic purity as seed selection standard (Markers for Detection), requiring that between individuality, genetic similarty is more than 90%; Four selections are carried out to supporting breeding line, for the first time, 20-30 days after emerging, the long 3-4cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 5%; For the second time, emerge latter 120 days, the long 12-15cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 10%; For the third time, emerge latter 18 months, body weight 400-500g, the rate of selecting and remain is 12%; 4th time, emerge latter 30 months, body weight 750-1000g, the rate of selecting and remain is 50%.Always the rate of selecting and remain is 0.03%.Male more than 850 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 750 grams.
(4) Breeding Effect is assessed: supporting breeding line seed selection, to the third generation, assesses Breeding Effect.
Described selection, the selection criteria described in (3) step, for keeping effective size of breeding population, reduces the impact of genetic drift, and the per generation selection quantitative requirement of each breeding line is: the fry quantity that first time is selected is more than 100 ten thousand tails; The raun quantity that second time is selected is more than 10,000 tails, and milter quantity is more than 5000 tails; The raun quantity that third time is selected is more than 500 tails, and milter quantity is more than 250 tails; The raun quantity selected for 4th time is more than 250 tails, and milter quantity is more than 120 tails.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages: on "Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream breeding basis, by the breeding population that animal nutrition acquired character is different, utilize domestically leading germ plasm evaluation and investigative technique, carry out the kind matter research and appraisa of breeding population, supporting breeding line is set up respectively with different breeding goal, the respective excellent economic characters utilizing different breeding line to have and genetic characteristics, the selected strain or the breeding that can be the polymerization of production excellent germplasm create conditions, be innovating again of megalobrama amblycephala excellent germplasm, developed fish breeding new model.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the seed selection route map of selection of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is according to the Biological characteristics of megalobrama amblycephala and breeding goal, to megalobrama amblycephala, 3 biotechnology breeding colonies carry out germ plasm evaluation and screening, set up seed selection original parent, with growth rate, build (ratio of body length and height is below 2.0) and genetic purity (between individuality, genetic similarty is more than 90%) are breeding goal, build supporting breeding line three (A, B and C), group breeding method is utilized to carry out parallel seed selection to three systems respectively, form tool different shape feature, the breeding line of different growth rate and different genetic variation, for production and the popularization of new varieties or breeding.Embodiment is as follows:
1, the original parent source of supporting breeding line
Original parent is originated: 1. "Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream breeding line F
10, 2. artificial induction's allotetraploid colony (megalobrama amblycephala ♀ × triangular bream
♂) (both sexes all can be educated), 3. megalobrama amblycephala artificial induction continuous two generations reduction division gynogenesis colony (both sexes all can be educated).
, supporting breeding line foundation
Megalobrama amblycephala is being carried out on the basis of germ plasm evaluation and screening operation, breeding classification is being carried out to the breeding population that original parent is set up, sets up supporting breeding line; The Criterion of each supporting breeding line is as follows:
A system ("Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream breeding line F
10): take growth rate as seed selection standard; Male more than 900 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 800 grams;
B system (artificial induction's allotetraploid colony (megalobrama amblycephala ♀ × triangular bream
♂)): be breeding goal with build, require that the ratio of body length and height is below 2.0; Male more than 850 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 750 grams;
C system (artificial induction's continuous two generations reduction division gynogenesis colony): be seed selection standard with genetic purity, requires that between individuality, genetic similarty is more than 90%; Male more than 850 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 750 grams;
3, the selection of supporting breeding line
According to breeding objective and breeding line classification, adopt group breeding method, carry out successive generation seed selection to each breeding line, the genotype of each breeding line of purifying, concrete route as shown in Figure 1.Concrete chosen period and standard as follows:
A system ("Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream breeding line F
10): in each seed selection from generation to generation, from hatching seedling stage to the adult fish phase, take growth rate as seed selection standard, four selections are carried out to supporting breeding line, for the first time, and 20-30 days after emerging, the long 3-4cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 5%; For the second time, emerge latter 120 days, the long 12-15cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 10%; For the third time, emerge latter 18 months, body weight 400-500g, the rate of selecting and remain is 12%; 4th time, emerge latter 30 months, body weight 750-1000g, the rate of selecting and remain is 50%.Always the rate of selecting and remain is 0.03%.Male more than 900 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 800 grams.
B system (artificial induction's allotetraploid colony (megalobrama amblycephala ♀ × triangular bream
♂)): in each seed selection from generation to generation, from hatching seedling stage to the adult fish phase, being breeding goal with build, requiring that the ratio of body length and height is below 2.0, carries out four selections to supporting breeding line, for the first time, and 20-30 days after emerging, the long 3-4cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 5%; For the second time, emerge latter 120 days, the long 12-15cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 10%; For the third time, emerge latter 18 months, body weight 400-500g, the rate of selecting and remain is 12%; 4th time, emerge latter 30 months, body weight 750-1000g, the rate of selecting and remain is 50%.Always the rate of selecting and remain is 0.03%.Male more than 850 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 750 grams.
C system (artificial induction's continuous two generations reduction division gynogenesis colony): in each seed selection from generation to generation, from hatching seedling stage to the adult fish phase, taking genetic purity as seed selection standard (Markers for Detection), requiring that between individuality, genetic similarty is more than 90%; Four selections are carried out to supporting breeding line, for the first time, 20-30 days after emerging, the long 3-4cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 5%; For the second time, emerge latter 120 days, the long 12-15cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 10%; For the third time, emerge latter 18 months, body weight 400-500g, the rate of selecting and remain is 12%; 4th time, emerge latter 30 months, body weight 750-1000g, the rate of selecting and remain is 50%.Always the rate of selecting and remain is 0.03%.Male more than 850 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 750 grams.
, be interior selection
In each seed selection from generation to generation, 4 times are carried out to each supporting breeding line and select (table 1), concrete chosen period and standard as follows:
A system ("Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream breeding line F
10): in each seed selection from generation to generation, from hatching seedling stage to the adult fish phase, take growth rate as seed selection standard, four selections are carried out to supporting breeding line, for the first time, and 20-30 days after emerging, the long 3-4cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 5%; For the second time, emerge latter 120 days, the long 12-15cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 10%; For the third time, emerge latter 18 months, body weight 400-500g, the rate of selecting and remain is 12%; 4th time, emerge latter 30 months, body weight 750-1000g, the rate of selecting and remain is 50%.Always the rate of selecting and remain is 0.03%.Male more than 900 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 800 grams.
B system (artificial induction's allotetraploid colony (megalobrama amblycephala ♀ × triangular bream
♂)): in each seed selection from generation to generation, from hatching seedling stage to the adult fish phase, being breeding goal with build, requiring that the ratio of body length and height is below 2.0, carries out four selections to supporting breeding line, for the first time, and 20-30 days after emerging, the long 3-4cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 5%; For the second time, emerge latter 120 days, the long 12-15cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 10%; For the third time, emerge latter 18 months, body weight 400-500g, the rate of selecting and remain is 12%; 4th time, emerge latter 30 months, body weight 750-1000g, the rate of selecting and remain is 50%.Always the rate of selecting and remain is 0.03%.Male more than 850 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 750 grams.
C system (artificial induction's continuous two generations reduction division gynogenesis colony): in each seed selection from generation to generation, from hatching seedling stage to the adult fish phase, taking genetic purity as seed selection standard (Markers for Detection), requiring that between individuality, genetic similarty is more than 90%; Four selections are carried out to supporting breeding line, for the first time, 20-30 days after emerging, the long 3-4cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 5%; For the second time, emerge latter 120 days, the long 12-15cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 10%; For the third time, emerge latter 18 months, body weight 400-500g, the rate of selecting and remain is 12%; 4th time, emerge latter 30 months, body weight 750-1000g, the rate of selecting and remain is 50%.Always the rate of selecting and remain is 0.03%.Male more than 850 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 750 grams.
the selection number of times of table 1 three supporting breeding lines and selective goal
5, be interior incubation validity check
To in January, 2013, supporting breeding line A seed selection to the third generation, supporting breeding line B seed selection to the 5th generation, supporting breeding line C seed selection to forth generation, through growth performance assessment, find that the growth rate of three supporting breeding lines improves 15.5-29.0% than control group, concrete as table 2:
the incubation effect of table 2 three supporting breeding lines
| Body weight | A system | B system | C system |
| Growth fraction control group (%) | 29.0 | 15.5 | 24.5 |
Claims (6)
1. a "Pujiang No.1" blunt snout bream breeding line F
10the selection of supporting breeding line, its step is as follows:
(1) original parent of supporting breeding line: " No. 1, Pujiang " breeding line F
10;
(2) set up supporting breeding line: carry out breeding classification to the megalobrama amblycephala breeding population that original parent is set up, with growth rate, build and genetic purity for being bred as target, set up supporting breeding line, Criterion is as follows:
Take growth rate as seed selection standard; Male more than 900 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 800 grams;
(3) adopt group breeding method parallel seed selection is carried out to supporting breeding line, optimize the genotype of each system, improve the incubation proterties of each system, concrete chosen period and standard as follows:
In each seed selection from generation to generation, from hatching seedling stage to the adult fish phase, take growth rate as seed selection standard, four selections are carried out to supporting breeding line, for the first time, 20-30 days after emerging, the long 3-4cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 5%; For the second time, emerge latter 120 days, the long 12-15cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 10%; For the third time, emerge latter 18 months, body weight 400-500g, the rate of selecting and remain is 12%; 4th time, emerge latter 30 months, body weight 750-1000g, the rate of selecting and remain is 50%, and always the rate of selecting and remain is 0.03%, male more than 900 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 800 grams;
(4) Breeding Effect is assessed: supporting breeding line seed selection, to the third generation, assesses Breeding Effect.
2. selection according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the selection criteria described in (3) step, and the per generation selection quantitative requirement of breeding line is: the fry quantity that first time is selected is more than 100 ten thousand tails; The raun quantity that second time is selected is more than 10,000 tails, and milter quantity is more than 5000 tails; The raun quantity that third time is selected is more than 500 tails, and milter quantity is more than 250 tails; The raun quantity selected for 4th time is more than 250 tails, and milter quantity is more than 120 tails.
3. a selection for the supporting breeding line of megalobrama amblycephala artificial induction allotetraploid colony, its step is as follows:
(1) original parent of supporting breeding line: megalobrama amblycephala ♀ × triangular bream
♂the artificial induction's allotetraploid colony obtained;
(2) set up supporting breeding line: carry out breeding classification to the megalobrama amblycephala breeding population that original parent is set up, with growth rate, build and genetic purity for being bred as target, set up supporting breeding line, Criterion is as follows:
Be breeding goal with build, require that the ratio of body length and height is below 2.0; Male more than 850 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 750 grams;
(3) adopt group breeding method parallel seed selection is carried out to supporting breeding line, optimize the genotype of each system, improve the incubation proterties of each system, concrete chosen period and standard as follows:
In each seed selection from generation to generation, from hatching seedling stage to the adult fish phase, being breeding goal with build, requiring that the ratio of body length and height is below 2.0, carries out four selections to supporting breeding line, for the first time, 20-30 days after emerging, the long 3-4cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 5%; For the second time, emerge latter 120 days, the long 12-15cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 10%; For the third time, emerge latter 18 months, body weight 400-500g, the rate of selecting and remain is 12%; 4th time, emerge latter 30 months, body weight 750-1000g, the rate of selecting and remain is 50%; Always the rate of selecting and remain is 0.03%; Male more than 850 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 750 grams;
(4) Breeding Effect is assessed: supporting breeding line seed selection, to the third generation, assesses Breeding Effect.
4. selection according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the selection criteria described in (3) step, and the per generation selection quantitative requirement of breeding line is: the fry quantity that first time is selected is more than 100 ten thousand tails; The raun quantity that second time is selected is more than 10,000 tails, and milter quantity is more than 5000 tails; The raun quantity that third time is selected is more than 500 tails, and milter quantity is more than 250 tails; The raun quantity selected for 4th time is more than 250 tails, and milter quantity is more than 120 tails.
5. a selection for the supporting breeding line of megalobrama amblycephala continuous two generations work induction reduction division gynogenesis colony, its step is as follows:
(1) original parent of supporting breeding line: megalobrama amblycephala continuous two generations's work induction reduction division gynogenesis colony that both sexes all can be educated;
(2) set up supporting breeding line: carry out breeding classification to the megalobrama amblycephala breeding population that original parent is set up, with growth rate, build and genetic purity for being bred as target, set up supporting breeding line, Criterion is as follows:
Be seed selection standard with genetic purity, require genetic similarty (Markers for Detection) more than 90% between individuality; Male more than 850 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 750 grams;
(3) adopt group breeding method parallel seed selection is carried out to each supporting breeding line, optimize the genotype of each system, improve the incubation proterties of each system, concrete chosen period and standard as follows:
In each seed selection from generation to generation, from hatching seedling stage to the adult fish phase, taking genetic purity as seed selection standard (Markers for Detection), requiring that between individuality, genetic similarty is more than 90%; Four selections are carried out to supporting breeding line, for the first time, 20-30 days after emerging, the long 3-4cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 5%; For the second time, emerge latter 120 days, the long 12-15cm of body, the rate of selecting and remain is 10%; For the third time, emerge latter 18 months, body weight 400-500g, the rate of selecting and remain is 12%; 4th time, emerge latter 30 months, body weight 750-1000g, the rate of selecting and remain is 50%; Always the rate of selecting and remain is 0.03%; Male more than 850 grams of the body weight specification requirement of parent population, female more than 750 grams;
(4) Breeding Effect is assessed: supporting breeding line seed selection, to the third generation, assesses Breeding Effect.
6. selection according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the selection criteria described in (3) step, and the per generation selection quantitative requirement of breeding line is: the fry quantity that first time is selected is more than 100 ten thousand tails; The raun quantity that second time is selected is more than 10,000 tails, and milter quantity is more than 5000 tails; The raun quantity that third time is selected is more than 500 tails, and milter quantity is more than 250 tails; The raun quantity selected for 4th time is more than 250 tails, and milter quantity is more than 120 tails.
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