Summary of the invention
The invention provides breeding method morning of a kind of Micropterus salmoides.The method, by controlling the conditions such as water quality, nutrition, temperature well, makes parent population just energy Early-breeding, hatching when not needing to hasten parturition.
In order to realize object of the present invention, present invention employs following technical scheme:
Breeding method morning for Micropterus salmoides, comprises following operation:
A, in early days cultivation: before September, select the perch in 1 age and/or 2 ages as parent, cultivate the parent 1000-1300 group that 0.5-0.7kg is put on the pool in a suitable place to breed for every mu; To throw something and feed every day expanded pellet diet, in the described cultivation pool, be placed with expanded pellet diet centralised arrangement;
B, reinforced cultivating: during September to November, expanded pellet diet is changed into chilled fish to throw something and feed to parent population, when outdoor temperature is lower than 15 DEG C, selection physique is healthy and strong, the anosis parent of nothing wound puts into transparent heat insulating booth and carries out reinforced cultivating, the breeding density of parent: put milter 200-230 tail in a suitable place to breed for every mu, raun 240-260 tail; Be provided with micro-pore oxygenation equipment in described transparent heat insulating booth, every day at dusk to second day morning, opens described micro-pore oxygenation equipment; Late Febuary, to early March, carries out bath process to promote parent population gonad development to the spawning pond in transparent heat insulating booth; Late March, parent population starts to oestrus when laying eggs, at spawning pond surrounding security protection artificial fish nest for collecting fish fertilized egg;
C, hatching: comprise and build hatching greenhouse, the artificial fish nest being attached with fertilized egg is put into the hatchery in hatching greenhouse, supportingly in described hatching greenhouse set up temperature control system, control hatchery water temperature at 23-28 DEG C.
Further technical scheme: in described operation a, between June to September, expanded pellet diet is thrown something and fed 2 times every day, selects at 10 in the morning and at 4 in afternoon to throw something and feed respectively.
Further technical scheme: in described operation b, parent puts into transparent heat insulating booth and carries out regularly throwing something and feeding fresh food while reinforced cultivating continues to carry out throwing something and feeding with chilled fish; Use the end to change during described reinforced cultivating or bacillus adjustment spawning pond water quality, when water quality is still not up to standard, carry out changing water; At the noon that temperature is high, open transparent heat insulating booth and ventilate.
Further technical scheme: supporting Spawning water filtration system is set up in upstream, hatchery in described operation c, sets up water flowing out structure in downstream, hatchery.
Further technical scheme: in described operation a, expanded pellet diet centralised arrangement comprises the circle body that can carry out corral to expanded pellet diet floating on the water surface, described circle body comprises some floatation unit, described floatation unit is arranged successively along circle body periphery, described circle body also comprises the passage for holding floatation unit, and described floatation unit to be arranged in successively in passage and to enclose formation circle body; Described floatation unit is plastic bottle body, and described plastic bottle body is axially identical with the length direction of plastic bottle body place passage; Described passage is formed by sewing up after screen cloth parcel floatation unit; Feed centralised arrangement also comprises spud pile, spud pile is connected with circle body by static line, described spud pile has four, and circle body presents square structure by the tension of static line that is connected with four spud piles, and the mesh aperture of described screen cloth is less than the particle diameter of expanded pellet diet.
Further technical scheme: in described operation b, transparent heat insulating booth comprises the steel structure support be positioned at above spawning pond, and the outer side covers that described steel structure supports has the canopy body be made up of light transmission film; Described steel structure supports and comprises first crossbeam, skewed horizontal load bar, described first crossbeam is by the some upright supports be erected in spawning pond, described column is evenly arranged along the length direction of first crossbeam, skewed horizontal load bar one end and first crossbeam be vertical to be connected, the other end is supported on the ground of spawning pond periphery, also draw above described first crossbeam and be provided with the some steel wire ropes for support light transmission film be parallel to each other, described steel wire rope is vertical with first crossbeam length direction, and the two ends of described steel wire rope are individually fixed on the cement ground of spawning pond periphery; The nylon wire covered on a steel cord is also provided with between described steel wire rope and light transmission film; Described steel structure supports also to comprise and is parallel to first crossbeam and the second cross beam be fixed on described some columns, described second cross beam is provided with the oxygen increasing tube be arranged in parallel with second cross beam, described oxygen increasing tube is connected with some oxygen hoses passed in spawning pond; The light transmission film being positioned at described first crossbeam two ends forms the front-end and back-end of canopy body, and the front and rear of described canopy body are provided with the door and window for ventilating in canopy; The spawning pond upstream of this booth is provided with the water inlet equipment sending water in spawning pond, and spawning pond downstream is provided with delivery port; The external side of described canopy is provided with sunshade net.
Further technical scheme: in described operation b artificial fish nest comprise by plant leaf blade be superimposed together make ovum layer, all sides of described ovum layer are provided with the fixed frame for being fixed together by plant leaf blade, the periphery turnover of described ovum layer wraps the edge of frame, and the lap after the turnover of ovum layer is provided with the suture be stitched together by the plant leaf blade of lap; Described fixed frame is stainless steel; Described fixed frame is square box, and the length of side is 25-100cm; This fish nest also comprises the drawing part be connected with described fixed frame; Described drawing part is nylon rope; Described plant leaf blade is palm blade.
Further technical scheme: described hatching greenhouse comprises described hatchery, and supported by the steel structure above hatchery, cover the greenhouse body that jointly forms of light transmission film that steel structure supports outside; Described hatchery comprises some mutually isolated hatching units; Described steel structure supports the draw-in groove be provided with for fixing light transmission film, and described light transmission film is pressed in draw-in groove by the press strip of S shape; Described hatchery upper lifting has bulb, and the display panel of described temperature control system is suspended in the top of hatchery; The equipment carrying out micro-pore oxygenation in described hatchery is configured with in this greenhouse; Described greenhouse is originally external is coated with sunshade net; Described greenhouse body is provided with the window that user is ventilated.
Further technical scheme: described Spawning water filtration system comprises filter element, described filter element comprises the single filter net, cascade filtration net, three-stage filtration net, the level Four screen pack that reduce gradually along the aperture of filter screen that water body circulating direction tackles setting successively, the side being positioned at three-stage filtration net and/or level Four screen pack is provided with water body agitating device, and described agitating device is paddle aerator; Described filter element also comprises water pump, drinking-water pipe, and water body is passed through drinking-water pipe suction hatchery from cistern by described water pump, and described single filter net, cascade filtration net lay respectively at water inlet, the water outlet of drinking-water pipe; Described three-stage filtration net, level Four screen pack are arranged in hatchery, and described paddle aerator is arranged away from the side of three-stage filtration net in level Four screen pack; Described cascade filtration screen distance is 100-180 order, and described cascade filtration net is string bag structure, and string bag muzzle is located at the delivery port of drinking-water pipe; Described three-stage filtration screen distance is 180 orders, and level Four screen pack aperture is 200 orders; Described three-stage filtration net and level Four screen pack are all fixed on corresponding support, support for fixing three-stage filtration net and support for fixing level Four screen pack are fixedly connected, and for fixing level Four screen pack support also be arranged on the support of level Four screen pack away from three-stage filtration net side and be fixedly connected; Described three-stage filtration net, level Four screen pack length are 10-60 rice; Described paddle aerator has several, and the arragement direction along level Four screen pack is arranged successively.
Further technical scheme: described water flowing out structure comprise be positioned at hatchery and with vertical pipeline section vertically arranged at the bottom of pond, hatchery, the top of described vertical pipeline section is sheathed is connected with metal webmaster; The tube wall of described metal webmaster is enclosed within outside the tube wall of vertical pipeline section, and is fixed by clip between metal webmaster and vertical pipeline section; Described water flowing out structure also comprises the movable pipeline section be communicated with vertical pipeline section be positioned at outside hatchery, angle adjustable between described movable pipeline section axis and horizontal plane, the maximum vertical height of described movable pipeline section middle water level is lower than the height sum of vertical pipeline section and metal webmaster; Described metal webmaster is made up of stainless steel material; Described vertical pipeline section is communicated with by the horizontal pipeline section running through hatchery pool wall with between movable pipeline section, described movable pipeline section is communicated with horizontal pipeline section by the first union elbow, and the first described union elbow is around horizontal pipeline section axial rotation and the rotation of drive activity pipeline section; Described vertical pipeline section is communicated with horizontal pipeline section by the second union elbow.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) the inventive method is passed through, Micropterus salmoides is not when needing to carry out artificial induced spawning, artificial insemination, just can reach the object of natural spawning, natural insemination by controlling the conditions such as water quality, nutrition, temperature well, in this method, each operation all plays vital effect to Micropterus salmoides Early-breeding.Practice shows that the present invention sets up temperature-controlling system in hatchery, and when controlling hatchery water temperature 25-28 DEG C, effectively can prevent Micropterus salmoides fertilized egg from infecting saprolegniasis, substantially increase the hatching survival rate of fertilized egg.
(2) in the present invention, the expanded pellet diet floated on after input on the water surface can all be concentrated the inside being positioned at circle body by feed centralised arrangement, effectively prevent feed to fly away everywhere in pond and the waste caused and water pollution, the concentrated of feed ensure that the principle that fish culture fixes a point to throw something and feed simultaneously, ensure that the regularity that fish eats food, reach and tame and docile food effect, ensure fish further and grow normally.In the present invention, circle body adopts plastic bottle body and screen cloth to be made, and material therefor is with low cost, is easy to obtain, and the circle body that plastic bottle body makes has compares the higher height of the water surface, and be also difficult to feed to get out in circle body even if play wind and waves, result of use is good.Circle body can be fixed on ad-hoc location in the water surface by spud pile, prevent it arbitrarily floating with feed, further ensure that the fixed point principle of feeding.
(3) in the present invention, transparent heat insulating booth adopts steel structure to support for supporting canopy body, so its structure is compared to traditional support made of bamboo pole etc., structure is more firm, and life cycle is longer.Light transmission film energy printing opacity, makes solar radiation arrive parent population, can play sterilization, avoid the effect of parent population generation disease, simultaneously light transmission film quick heating, and light can promote or accelerate parent population gonad development, is beneficial to early numerous.The booth of said structure can increase the space in canopy in addition, is beneficial to the operation of keeper in inside.In the present invention, steel structure supporting construction intensity is high, is also beneficial to very much simultaneously and builds, and wind loading rating is strong, and light transmission film covers that to make steel structure prop up the anti-accumulated snow ability of support integral on a steel cord also very strong.What nylon wire can be avoided directly contacting between light transmission film with steel wire rope and cause scratches phenomenon, and especially blowing weather, this effect seems particularly important; And nylon wire can strengthen overall intensity, at sleety weather, can reduce the destruction of sleet to film.Second cross beam not only can strengthen the structural strength that steel structure supports here further, and may be used for arranging oxygen increasing tube.Window is beneficial to and ventilates and discharged by pernicious gas in canopy body.At the noon of sunny hot weather, if temperature is too high in canopy body, can also be undertaken aeration-cooling by opening front and back door and window, being certainly also convenient to the turnover of administrative staff.
(4) in the present invention ovum layer adopt plant leaf blade to be stacked and to make, and the fish nest that this ovum layer is formed to be placed on the egg-laying environment that the egg-laying environment that formed after in water and Micropterus salmoides like more consistent, therefore Micropterus salmoides easily lays eggs on this fish nest; In addition, due in the present invention ovum layer be that plant leaf blade is superimposed together and obtains, therefore ovum layer form fish nest be thin plate or flake, this thin plate or laminar fish nest contact area large, not only be easy to collect fish-egg, and the distribution of fish-egg can be made comparatively even, make every fish-egg all can obtain comparatively sufficient oxygen when hatching thus, thus drastically increase the incubation rate of fish-egg.Because fish nest is thin plate or flake, structure is simple, is easy to put and transport, can convenient, efficiently and collect the fish-egg of Micropterus salmoides in large quantities, be extremely conducive to the large-scale breeding of Micropterus salmoides.Plant leaf blade in the present invention is preferably palm blade, is conducive to the attachment of the adhesive egg that Micropterus salmoides produces and fixes, thus being more applicable for large-scale production and the breeding of Micropterus salmoides.The present invention adopts fixed frame to be superimposed together by some layers of plant leaf blade and makes fish nest, described fixed frame different, as long as can fix plant leaf blade; Fixed frame in the present invention is preferably the square frame of stainless steel, not only can not get rusty, and have constant weight, is easy to heavy water, easy to use.The present invention is also provided with drawing part on fixed frame, the other end of drawing part is tied up on side of a pond stub or other spud piles during use, by drawing part, fish nest is pulled out when needing to collect fish-egg, therefore the present invention makes simple, easy to operate, can be widely used in Micropterus salmoides or other fish reproduction of producing adhesive egg or corresponding scientific research activity.
(5) due to the present invention hatch in greenhouse adopt steel structure support for supporting greenhouse body, so its structure is compared to traditional support made of bamboo pole etc., structure is more firm, and life cycle is longer.Light transmission film energy printing opacity and naturally heat up, be beneficial to incubating oosperm; In fry rearing process in addition, sunlight can sterilization, and can accelerate the growth of fry.The hatching inside greenhouse space of said structure is large in addition, can hold enough large hatchery, easy to operate.Multiple hatching unit is beneficial to by the fertilized egg of different batches separately, is beneficial to and improves hatching survival rate.The coordinating of draw-in groove and press strip very cleverly light transmission film is fixed on steel structure to support, the cell wall of described draw-in groove is formed the structure of bending in groove by notch, is beneficial to press strip and light transmission film is pushed down and is placed in draw-in groove blocks.This hatching greenhouse is built very convenient, and Stability Analysis of Structures is firm.When taming and dociling food after fry membrane, utilize the phototaxis of fry, by bulb, fry is focused among a small circle, good concentrated bait of throwing something and feeding, be beneficial to improve and tame and docile food effect.
(6) in the present invention, Spawning water filtration system, when ensureing good filtration effect, by setting up agitating device, solving the blockage problem of filter screen, can ensure the supply requirement of a large amount of breeding water.The Fully-mechanized operation of this filtration system, saves manpower, easy to operate, improves filtration operating efficiency.Agitating device selects paddle aerator, and can be not only water oxygenation, can also avoid filter net jam, result of use be obvious.Filtering step by step of single filter net, cascade filtration net, three-stage filtration net, level Four screen pack further ensure that the requirement of fish reproduction water to water quality.
(7) in the present invention, water flowing out structure is simple, and while guaranteeing that water yield is larger, fry also can effectively be stopped, and prevents fry from escaping, and changing water process can carry out fast.Angle adjustable between the axis of the movable pipeline section be communicated with vertical pipeline section in water flowing out structure and horizontal plane, thus the adjustment to hatchery middle water level height can be realized.
Embodiment 3
What be different from embodiment 1,2 is, the perch mixed in cultivation selection 1 age and 2 ages is in early days as parent, cultivate the parent 1200 groups that about 0.6kg is put on the pool in a suitable place to breed for every mu, the breeding density of parent: put milter 220 tail in a suitable place to breed for every mu, raun 250 tail, control hatchery water temperature during hatching at 25 DEG C, other conditions are all identical.
By the proof of above-described embodiment, the parent population that the inventive method is cultivated lays eggs all ahead of time, and fertilized egg can not infect saprolegniasis substantially, and incubation rate is high, and this morning, breeding method was effective and be easy to operate.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to the present invention promote lay eggs play an important role feed centralised arrangement, transparent heat insulating booth, artificial fish nest structure be described further:
Feed centralised arrangement, as shown in Figure 1, 2, 3:
This feed centralised arrangement comprises the circle body 10 that can carry out corral to floating feed on the water surface.This circle body 10 should have certain height more than the water surface, like this can to feed carry out effectively corral, concentrate, and prevent feed from running out of beyond circle body 10 with wave.Described circle body 10 all can be made by the material that can bubble through the water column, such as plastic foam bar.The aquatic livestock that this device can meet the floatability feed of throwing something and feeding such as perch, Culter fish ingests demand, to reaching the object controlled by feed for fish in specific region.
Described circle body 10 comprises some floatation unit 11, and described floatation unit 11 is arranged successively along circle body 10 periphery.Floatation unit 11 can be hollow ball, cylinder, plastic foam, beverage bottle etc., and above-mentioned floatation unit 11 can connect and compose the body construction of circle body 10 successively, and circle body 10 is bubbled through the water column.
Described circle body 10 also comprises the passage 12 for holding floatation unit 11, and described floatation unit 11 is arranged in passage 12 after in passage 12 successively and encloses formation circle body 10.Above-mentioned floatation unit 11 forms the body construction of circle body 10 in passage 12 by being arranged in, passage 12 generally selects flexible material to form, the passage 12 that is made of corresponding plastic foil and screen cloth bi-material respectively as shown in Figure 1, 2, arbitrarily can adjust shape and the size of circle body 10 like this according to the size in pond.Generally, the fish that little pond is supported is few, circle body 10 does and a little bit smallerly just can meet use, the fish that large pond is supported is many, if that does is little, when food, the easy stack up of fish robs food, injured, but too large floating feed also easily spreads out, thus the length and width of this circle body 10 must according to pond size and breed fish number determine.
Described floatation unit 11 is plastic bottle body, and described plastic bottle body is axially identical with the length direction of plastic bottle body place passage 12.Floatation unit 11 can be use the more plastic bottle body putting beverage on the market, axially being close to successively along plastic bottle body by this plastic bottle body is arranged in passage 12, this plastic bottle body is used to equal refuse reclamation, and easily obtain, cost is extremely cheap, significantly reduces cost of breeding fish.The circle body 10 that plastic bottle body makes in addition has compares the higher height of the water surface, is also difficult to feed to get out in circle body 10 even if play wind and waves.
Described passage 12 wraps up stitching after floatation unit 11 by screen cloth and forms.The such making material of screen cloth is also easy to obtain, and when making circle body 10, after screen cloth being wrapped in the surface of plastic bottle body, screen cloth being carried out stitchings process, forming one for holding the passage 12 of plastic bottle body, make simply, conveniently.Above-mentioned screen cloth preferably green nylon rope is made, because green nylon rope is corrosion-resistant, and long service life.
Feed centralised arrangement also comprises spud pile 20, and spud pile 20 is connected with circle body 10 by static line 30.Circle body 10 can be fixed on ad-hoc location in the water surface by spud pile 20, prevent it arbitrarily floating with feed, further ensure that the fixed point principle of feeding.Spud pile 20 can be bamboo pole, waddy, iron and steel etc., best with bamboo pole because bamboo pole is drawn materials conveniently and material is light, hardness greatly, not perishable, it is vertically fixed on pond central authorities, easy to operate; Certainly, when circle body 10 is near bank, can directly with static line 30, circle body 10 be fixed on the stub on bank.Additionally by the acting in conjunction of spud pile 20, static line 30, shape and the size of circle body 10 arbitrarily can be adjusted, simple to operation.
Can often draw in the net in the process of breeding fish in addition to clear up the thing on the water surface, it is also very convenient that this feed centralised arrangement withdraws from pond, only need by spud pile 20 as bamboo pole and static line 30 are taken away, feed fixture and circle body 10 can be pulled away, very easy to use.
Described spud pile 20 has four, and circle body 10 presents square structure by the tension of static line 30 that is connected with four spud piles 20.Circle body 10 can be rectangle or square, here by the acting in conjunction of spud pile 20, static line 30, makes circle body 10 form the feeding region of given shape and size.
The mesh aperture of described screen cloth is less than the particle diameter of floating feed.This technical scheme mainly proposes to prevent floating feed from running out of feeding region from the mesh of screen cloth.
Transparent heat insulating booth, as shown in Figure 4,5:
This booth comprises the steel structure be positioned at above spawning pond 40 and supports 50, and the outer side covers of described steel structure support 50 has the canopy body 60 be made up of light transmission film.Because the present invention adopts steel structure to support 50 for supporting canopy body 60, so its structure is compared to traditional support made of bamboo pole etc., structure is more firm, and life cycle is longer.Light transmission film energy printing opacity, makes solar radiation arrive parent population, can play sterilization, avoid the effect of parent population generation disease, simultaneously light transmission film quick heating, and light can promote or accelerate parent population gonad development, is beneficial to early numerous.The booth of said structure can increase the space in canopy in addition, is beneficial to the operation of keeper in inside.Parent culture pond and the general area of spawning pond are between 1-5 mu, and above-mentioned greenhouse structure is firm, can meet the use size in parent culture pond.
Wherein, described steel structure supports 50 and comprises first crossbeam 51, skewed horizontal load bar 53, described first crossbeam 51 is supported by the some columns 54 be erected in spawning pond 40, described column 54 is arranged along the length direction of first crossbeam 51, skewed horizontal load bar 53 one end is connected with first crossbeam 51 is vertical, the other end is supported on the ground of spawning pond 40 periphery, also draw above described first crossbeam 51 and be provided with the some steel wire ropes 55 for support light transmission film be parallel to each other, described steel wire rope 55 is vertical with first crossbeam 51 length direction, the two ends of described steel wire rope 55 are individually fixed on the cement ground of spawning pond 40 periphery.First said structure is ensure that steel structure supports the structural strength of 50, and be also beneficial to very much simultaneously and build, wind loading rating is strong, and light transmission film covers that to make steel structure support the anti-accumulated snow ability of 50 entirety on a steel cord also very strong.Here light transmission film preferably selects thicker material, and such heat insulation effect is just better.
The nylon wire 56 overlayed on steel wire rope 55 is also provided with between described steel wire rope 55 and light transmission film.What nylon wire 56 can be avoided directly contacting between light transmission film with steel wire rope 55 and cause scratches phenomenon, and especially blowing weather, this effect seems particularly important.
Described steel structure support 50 also comprises and is parallel to first crossbeam 51 and the second cross beam 52 be fixed on described some columns 54, described second cross beam 52 is provided with the oxygen increasing tube 70 be arranged in parallel with second cross beam 52, described oxygen increasing tube 70 is connected with some oxygen hoses 71 passed in spawning pond 40.Second cross beam 52 not only can strengthen the structural strength that steel structure supports 50 here further, and may be used for arranging oxygen increasing tube 70.If due to parent population anoxic in cultivating process, then can affect later laying eggs, and the feritilization of ovum rate of producing is low, unfertilized ovum also very easily infects saprolegniasis, affect the hatching of other fertilized egg in hatchery, in canopy body 60, therefore configure above-mentioned oxygen increasing tube 70 is very necessary.
The light transmission film being positioned at described first crossbeam 51 two ends forms the front-end and back-end of canopy body 60, and the front and rear of described canopy body 60 are provided with the door and window 61 for ventilating in canopy.Front and back are provided with door and window 61, are beneficial to and ventilate and discharged by pernicious gas in canopy body 60.At the noon of sunny hot weather, if temperature is too high in canopy body 60, can also, by opening front and back door and window 61, carry out aeration-cooling.
Spawning pond 40 upstream of this booth is provided with the water inlet equipment sending water in spawning pond, and spawning pond 40 downstream is provided with delivery port.Because fish have property against the current, flowing water can be formed by the water in spawning pond 40 by the said equipment, the gonad development of parent population can be promoted, be also beneficial to the draining of spawning pond 40 simultaneously, change water, ensure that water quality is excellent.
At post-reproductive, temperature is high, sultry in noon booth, can affect laying eggs of parent population, so install sunshade net again above canopy body 60, can carry out sunshade, cooling in canopy body 60 at the noon of high temperature.
Artificial fish nest, as shown in Figure 6:
This artificial fish nest comprise by plant leaf blade be made ovum layer 80.The blade that plant leaf blade generally selects plant fiber length longer, the making being beneficial to ovum layer is like this shaping, and structure also has more stable, not easily loose.
Plant leaf blade in the present invention is preferably palm blade, palm blade can be the leaf sheath part of palm blade also can be blade face part, because palm blade has stronger adhesiveness, to viscous roes, there is good adhesive attraction, at utmost can collect fish-egg, therefore more be suitable for the Reproduction of stickiness fish-egg; The fiber of palm blade is longer simultaneously, is beneficial to the establishment of fish nest shaping.Certainly other the plant leaf blade with similar feature can use.
As shown in Figure 6, all sides of described ovum layer 80 are provided with fixed frame 90, and the periphery turnover of ovum layer 80 wraps the edge of frame 90, ovum layer 80 turn down after lap sewed up by suture 100
Described fixed frame 90 can play sizing, supports, the effect fixed facing to ovum layer 80, while ovum layer 80 can be made to remain on the state being in tiling.During use, the front (one side that namely color is darker) ovum layer 80, is conducive to the collection of fish-egg upward like this, improves incubation rate.Described fixed frame 90 is stainless steel.Stainless fixed frame 90 can increase the gravity of fish nest, help it to be deposited in and lay eggs in pond, be beneficial to fish and lay eggs after mainly considering that water put into by fish nest.Stainless steel also has certain antirust function in water simultaneously, greatly can improve the service life of fish nest.
As shown in Figure 6, described fixed frame 90 is square box, and the length of side is 25 ~ 100cm.The fixed frame 90 of this structure and size is beneficial to the artificial operation of placing and collecting, and is beneficial to fish nest simultaneously and makes shaping, and structural stability is also easy to ensure.
Suture 100 adopts the line of resistance to water erosion, and the color of suture 100 is preferably the color close with the plant leaf blade of ovum layer 80, impacts not lay eggs to fish.
As shown in Figure 6, the centre position of an edge of described fixed frame 90 is connected with drawing part 110, and drawing part 110 is nylon rope.During actual use, nylon rope generally selects green, and it is identical with the leaf look of the blade of ovum layer 80, can not affect fish and lay eggs, and nylon rope has certain corrosion resistance, Stability Analysis of Structures, not easy fracture under water simultaneously.Fish nest is thrown in and is laid eggs in pond, in order to ensure the relatively stable of its position under water, can be connected on timber or other fixture by nylon rope by fish nest, and also convenient operation personal observations is laid eggs situation, and collects the fish nest being attached with fish-egg.
Concrete use: when finding that Micropterus salmoides parent population oestruses, the artificial fish nest in the present invention is put into after water soaks half a day and can take out.When fish nest is placed in water, connect on timber or other fixture with nylon rope, fish nest is thrown on the slope of 100 ~ 50cm depths, dried up face in pond of laying eggs, and according to the length of pond condition adjustment nylon rope, makes it in water in relaxed state.
The breeding that the present invention can be used for the product adhesive egg fish such as Micropterus salmoides is laid eggs, and because its contact area is large, can collects most of ovum that Micropterus salmoides produces, and is evenly distributed on by ovum on ovum layer 80, be conducive to the hatching of fertilized egg.Fish nest in the present invention makes simple, easy to operate, can be widely used in the breeding of the fish of Micropterus salmoides or other product adhesive egg, carries out aquatic products breeding or corresponding scientific research activity.The raw material sources making fish nest are in addition extensive, are easy to obtain, greatly saved the cost of breeding.
For ensureing hatching water quality, and stop that harmful organisms enters hatchery 120, the present invention sets up supporting Spawning water filtration system in upstream, described hatchery 120, sets up water flowing out structure 123 in downstream, hatchery 120, and water flowing out structure is also for changing hatchery in water or water operation process.
Now by reference to the accompanying drawings to hatching greenhouse in the present invention, Spawning water filtration system, water flowing out structure be described further:
Hatching greenhouse, as shown in Fig. 7,8,9,10:
This hatching greenhouse comprises hatchery 120, and this hatching greenhouse also comprises steel structure above by hatchery 120 and supports 131 and cover steel structure and support the greenhouse body 130 that the light transmission film 132 outside 131 forms jointly.Because the present invention adopts steel structure to support 131 for supporting light transmission film 132, so its structure is compared to traditional support made of bamboo pole etc., structure is more firm, and life cycle is longer.Light transmission film 132 can printing opacity and naturally intensification, be beneficial to incubating oosperm; In fry rearing process in addition, sunlight can sterilization, and can accelerate the growth of fry.The hatching inside greenhouse space of said structure is large in addition, can hold enough large hatchery, easy to operate.
Described hatchery 120 comprises some mutually isolated hatching units 121.Such as Micropterus salmoides is when breeding, first day is together with the fertilized egg of second day can not be put, because the difference fertilized egg of a day, larger in advanced fry difference, large fry robs food with little fry, can form vicious circle, finally large fry can eat up little fry, and even sometimes large fry eats little fry, little fry can be stuck in the throat of large fry, article two, fish all can be dead, so need a lot of hatching unit, is beneficial to by the fertilized egg of different batches separately.When our actual use, sometimes due to reasons such as weather, the fertilized egg of collecting is less, when being placed on that in a hatching unit, in pond, space is still wasted very much, hatching unit is divided into less incubation division by the close eye net can putting about 2 in a hatching unit, for putting the fertilized egg of different batches.Can certainly hatching unit just be done a little bit smaller when building at first.
Described upstream, hatchery 120 is provided with the water injection pipe 122 injecting flowing water in hatchery 120, and downstream, hatchery 120 is provided with water flowing out structure 123.Such hatchery 120 Inlet and outlet water is convenient, is beneficial to and changes water.Such as Micropterus salmoides incubation temperature is generally best when 25-28, the generation of saprolegniasis can be reduced this time, but in the later stage, after fry membrane, need cool to and differ at about 2 DEG C with outer pool water temperature, utilize said structure to carry out to hatchery 120 object that can realize lowering the temperature gradually of washing by water.
As shown in Fig. 9,10: as described in steel structure support 131 and be provided with draw-in groove 131a for fixing light transmission film, described light transmission film is pressed in draw-in groove 131a by the press strip 131b of S shape.Light transmission film is fixed on steel structure and supports on 131 by this structure very cleverly, and the cell wall of described draw-in groove 131a is formed the structure of bending in groove by notch, is beneficial to press strip 131b and is pushed down by light transmission film and be placed in draw-in groove 131a and block.This greenhouse is built very convenient, and Stability Analysis of Structures is firm.
Described hatchery 120 upper lifting has bulb 140.When taming and dociling food after fry membrane, utilize the phototaxis of fry, by bulb 140, fry is focused among a small circle, good concentrated bait of throwing something and feeding, be beneficial to improve and tame and docile food effect.
Be configured with the temperature control system measuring water temperature in hatchery 120 in this greenhouse, the display panel 150 of described temperature control system is suspended in the top of hatchery 120.Temperature control system can control the temperature in hatchery, controls the hatching of fertilized egg.Display panel 150 is beneficial to keeper and watches temperature, adjusts accordingly in time to hatching house's temperature.
The equipment carrying out micro-pore oxygenation in described hatchery 120 is configured with in this greenhouse.Micro-pore oxygenation equipment is beneficial to the hatching of fertilized egg; Because fish fertilized egg is generally produce on fish nest, micro-pore oxygenation equipment can increase with fertilized egg fish nest lay density, be beneficial to and improve hatchery availability.
Described greenhouse is originally external is coated with sunshade net 133.At sunny hot weather, for preventing hatching house's temperature too high, sunshade net can be pulled on and lower the temperature; When hatching house needs to heat up, sunshade net can be drawn, very easy to use.
Described greenhouse body 130 is provided with the window 134 that user is ventilated.At the noon of sunny hot weather, if temperature is too high in greenhouse body 130, can also, by opening front and back window 134, carry out aeration-cooling.
Spawning water filtration system, as shown in Figure 11,12:
This Spawning water filtration system comprises filter element 160, and the filter screen side of described filter element 160 is provided with water body agitating device.Generally, water body is when passing through the filter screen in filter element 160, the foreign material that on wire side, easily attachment is a large amount of, easily cause the blocking of mesh, and by arranging water body agitating device at filter screen side, so this agitating device just has certain agitaion to the water body of filter screen side, foreign material in water body also can be in agitated conditions all the time under the effect of agitating device, so water body is when by filter screen, the blocking of mesh is caused on foreign material would not be attached to filter screen surface with water body flow, even if foreign material are attached to after on wire side, by the effect of agitating device, foreign material also can be washed down, the problem that mesh blocks can not be caused.
Described agitating device is paddle aerator 170.Water can also be carried out aeration by paddle aerator 170 while providing enough oxygen to fish reproduction water body, and poisonous and harmful substance in water body is volatilized away, reduces concentration of narmful substance, increases water quality.The turning effort of its impeller of aerator 170 can also make water body be in agitated conditions, and in anti-water-stop body, foreign material are attached to the wire side of filter screen, avoid the blocking of sieve meshes.Paddle aerator 170 avoids traditional artificial swiped through journey, reduces the human cost of cultivation.
Described filter element 160 comprises the single filter net 161, cascade filtration net 162, three-stage filtration net 163, the level Four screen pack 164 that reduce gradually along the aperture of filter screen that water body circulating direction tackles setting successively.Here single filter net 161 is mainly used for tackling larger fish, shrimp, foreign material, prevents from destroying water pumper, and its mesh should be maximum; Cascade filtration net 162 is mainly used in tackling zooplankton; Three-stage filtration net 163 is mainly used in tackling impurity tiny in water body, such as little trash fish and fish-egg; Level Four screen pack 164 filters minute impurities in water body further, and its mesh is minimum, finally guarantees to filter the breeding requirement that the water body obtained meets perch.
Described agitating device is positioned at the side of three-stage filtration net 163 and/or level Four screen pack 164.Because impurity tiny in water body more easily causes the blocking of mesh, so arrange agitating device at the side of the relative less three-stage filtration net 163 of aperture of filter screen, level Four screen pack 164, can effectively avoid the mesh of three-stage filtration net 163, level Four screen pack 164 block by tiny impurity, eliminate the operation of artificial brush net, save manpower, improve filter efficiency.Here paddle aerator 170 arrange should not from screen pack too away from, otherwise do not reach the effect of washing away booty.
Filter element 160 also comprises water pump, drinking-water pipe 165, and water body is passed through drinking-water pipe 165 suction hatchery 120 from cistern 180 by described water pump, and described single filter net 161, cascade filtration net 162 lay respectively at water inlet, the water outlet of drinking-water pipe 165; Described three-stage filtration net 163, level Four screen pack 164 are arranged in hatchery, and described paddle aerator 170 is arranged away from the side of three-stage filtration net 163 in level Four screen pack 164.Here cistern 180 is generally river, ditch, and single filter net 161 to be arranged in river or ditch and to have the position of a segment distance from drinking-water pipe front end.Single filter net 161 is by the effect of water pump, water body to be filtered in cistern 180 filters through single filter net 161 successively, enter drinking-water pipe 165, cascade filtration net 162 filters, enter hatchery, because three-stage filtration net 163, level Four screen pack 164 are arranged in hatchery, so hatchery is divided into two parts region, above-mentioned filtration treatment water body flows through three-stage filtration net 163 by hatchery one side region, level Four screen pack 164 obtains refiltering process, finally make the water body flowing into hatchery opposite side can be used for fish reproduction.In level Four screen pack 164, arrange that paddle aerator 170 can reach the object avoiding foreign material to block mesh away from the side of three-stage filtration net 163, if water volume flow rate is comparatively slow, paddle aerator 170 here can select power a little bit smaller simultaneously.The water pump drawn water is generally 3kw mono-, can determine water pump size and quantity according to water consumption.Here cistern 180 is when building, and delivery port position is higher than hatchery 120, to ensure that water can automatic stream hatchery 120, simultaneously by Valve controlling current size.
Described cascade filtration net 162 aperture is 100-180 order, and described cascade filtration net 162 is string bag structure, and string bag muzzle is located at the delivery port of drinking-water pipe 165.Namely form cascade filtration net 162 at the string bag of water outlet muzzle one deck interception zooplankton of drinking-water pipe 165, the described string bag generally has 5 meters long.The mesh of the string bag is generally between 100-180 order, and mesh can not be too close, and too close fast owing to intaking, the string bag will soon be full of by zooplankton.So the selection of mesh size normally plays critical effect in order to what filter.
Preferably, described three-stage filtration net 163 aperture is 180 orders, and level Four screen pack 164 aperture is 200 orders.Here the selection of mesh size mainly in order to purify water further, be met breeding use water quality.
Described three-stage filtration net 163 and level Four screen pack 164 are all fixed on corresponding support, support for fixing three-stage filtration net 163 and support for fixing level Four screen pack 164 are fixedly connected, and for fixing level Four screen pack 164 support also be arranged on the support of level Four screen pack 164 away from three-stage filtration net 163 side and be fixedly connected.Support and support can be made up of steel frame construction, and support and support can make screen pack be well fixed support in hatchery, make screen pack not easily be washed upside down by current or wash away, Stability Analysis of Structures, are beneficial to normally carrying out of Spawning water filter operation.
Described three-stage filtration net 163, level Four screen pack 164 length are 10-60 rice.Three-stage filtration net 163 and level Four screen pack 164 very long, be generally the length on 120 1 limits, hatchery, using is at most generally 50-60 rice, also can carry out some adjustment according to hatchery size when allowing.Traditional screen pack is very short, short in 1 meter, long only several meters, because mating period water consumption is large, short screen pack due to discharge large, the booty of unit are accumulation is just many, and screen pack just can block very soon, is difficult to provide in time a large amount of breeding water.And the screen pack length of the present invention's design is longer, when same water consumption, the discharge of unit are is little, the booty of accumulation is just few, be difficult to blocking, lay paddle aerator simultaneously in the water outlet side of filtering, its ripples stirred, the spray can be good at cleaning booty, which save manpower, sufficient breeding water can be ensured again simultaneously.
Described paddle aerator 170 has several, and the arragement direction along level Four screen pack 164 is arranged successively.According to the size of hatchery and screen pack, the quantity of the paddle aerator 170 needed can be selected, filtration water body can be reached, avoid the object blocked.
Hatchery water flowing out structure, as shown in figure 13:
This hatchery water flowing out structure comprise be positioned at hatchery 120 and with vertical pipeline section 123a vertically arranged at the bottom of pond, hatchery, the top of described vertical pipeline section 123a is sheathed is connected with metal webmaster 123c.Here metal webmaster 123c is the parts in pipe body shape be made by metal mesh sheet.In bath, fluvial processes, current enter in hatching by the water injection pipe 122 of upstream, hatchery 120, then discharged by the water flowing out structure 123 in downstream, hatchery, ensure when changing water that hatchery middle water level is higher than vertical pipeline section 123a, simultaneously lower than metal webmaster 123c, above-mentioned water flowing out structure is simple, as anti-escape device, metal webmaster 123c not only can guarantee that water yield is larger while, fry also can effectively be stopped, and changing water process can carry out fast.Wherein the mesh size of metal webmaster 123c can difference to some extent according to different fish, and minimum mesh should ensure that fry can not be flowed out or be stuck.
Wherein, the tube wall of described metal webmaster 123c is enclosed within outside the tube wall of vertical pipeline section 123a, and is fixed by clip between metal webmaster 123c and vertical pipeline section 123a.Install, unpick and wash conveniently.
More specifically scheme is: this system also comprises the movable pipeline section 123b be communicated with vertical pipeline section 123a be positioned at outside hatchery, angle adjustable between described movable pipeline section 123b axis and horizontal plane, the maximum vertical height of described movable pipeline section 123b middle water level is lower than the height sum of vertical pipeline section 123a and metal webmaster 123c.The height of metal webmaster 123c determines the mobility scale of water level in hatchery, and the height of general mesh sheet is about 15cm, also can adjust according to actual needs.The height of metal webmaster 123c coordinates the height of the movable pipeline section 123b outside hatchery, the maximum vertical height of the outer movable pipeline section 123b middle water level in hatchery 120 should add the height of metal webmaster 123c lower than vertical pipeline section 123a, otherwise in hatchery, water level can higher than the height of metal webmaster 123c, and fry directly can be flowed out from the top of metal webmaster 123c.Movable pipeline section 123b outside hatchery 120 can be movable, and the angle that namely can adjust between movable pipeline section 123b and horizontal plane just can regulate the water level height in hatchery.
Described metal webmaster 123c is made up of stainless steel material.Can ensureing that metal webmaster 123c can not get rusty because of contacting with water for a long time like this, increasing the service life.
Described vertical pipeline section 123a is communicated with by the horizontal pipeline section 123d running through hatchery pool wall with between movable pipeline section 123b, described movable pipeline section 123b is communicated with horizontal pipeline section 123d by the first union elbow 123e, the first described union elbow 123e around horizontal pipeline section 123d axial rotation and drive activity pipeline section 123b rotate.Namely the movable pipeline section 123b outside hatchery can be rotated around the rotation of horizontal pipeline section 123d axis by the first union elbow 123e, when movable pipeline section 123b is in heeling condition, just can regulate the water level in hatchery.
Described vertical pipeline section 123a is communicated with horizontal pipeline section 123d by the second union elbow 123f.In the very dirty needs cleaning of metal webmaster 123c or when changing, such structure is convenient takes out in the lump by vertical pipeline section 123a and with its connection metal webmaster 123c, control the angle of inclination of the movable pipeline section 123b outside hatchery simultaneously, water in hatchery can not flow out, and fry also can not run away.