CN105145418B - A kind of excellent Pteria penguin breeding method - Google Patents
A kind of excellent Pteria penguin breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105145418B CN105145418B CN201510399652.1A CN201510399652A CN105145418B CN 105145418 B CN105145418 B CN 105145418B CN 201510399652 A CN201510399652 A CN 201510399652A CN 105145418 B CN105145418 B CN 105145418B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of excellent Pteria penguin breeding method, to cultivate byssus missing or fine for breeding objective.The neutral shape defect individual of seed selection Hainan wild population breeding first generation sets up family by balancing nido mating first, is then further screened according to nucleus insertion and pearl experiment effect, gradually cultivates byssus missing or fine Pteria penguin improved seeds.The method of the invention can effectively improve nucleus insertion and pearl shellfish survival rate, core-remaining rate, excellent pearl rate, therefore possess good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of excellent Pteria penguin breeding method, byssus missing or fine improved seeds are especially cultivated
Method.
Background technology
The pearl production of current China is mainly by cultivating pteria martensii, but by produced pearl quality is poor, cultivation
Cost is high, industry planning or tourism development etc. in addition, causes industry drastically atrophy in recent years, the whole nation produces sea water pearls per year not as good as 2
Ton（Plateau production rate is up to 25 tons）, so development large pearl shellfish culture is to improve China's sea water pearls benefit, move towards high-end
The only way of Jewelry Market.
The pearl of large nacre and nacre production is all the high-grade pearl in International Jewelry market, with very high economic valency
Value.China attempts to development large nacre and nacre culture research from the 70's ends of last century, although also achieve certain
Achievement, but industrialization is up to the present not implemented.In contrast to this, equally it is that the Pteria penguin of large pearl shellfish is fitted to environment
Ying Xingqiang, tolerance are strong, it is easy to form.Potentiality with culture large pearl.
But Pteria penguin is used for cultivating large-scale high-quality seawater blister pearl, as shape pearl at present.
Find that the death rate for inserting the female shellfish of core is high, core-remaining rate is low, excellent pearl for the dissociate research of pearl of culture Pteria penguin
Rate is low.With reference to the slotting nuclear technology of pteria martensii and large nacre, the core position mainly utilized is " left bag ", and " left bag " is located at paw withdrawal
The abdomen lower section of flesh and intestinal tube, the i.e. front end in abdomen spine, are enclosed between the intestinal tube in left side and the paw withdrawal flesh and byssus gland on right side
Into space.The histoorgan on Pteria penguin core position periphery is different from other pearl shellfishes of Pinctada in structure, enterprise
Goose pearl shell byssus gland is flourishing, and the byssus of generation is thick and hard, in bar-shaped, has extruded the space of core position；With penguin pearl
The growth of shellfish, such case can become increasingly severe, and when inserting core operation, thick and hard byssus can substantially reduce plant core
Success rate.
The genetic breeding of pearl shell has had the history of long period, and the mode of application has population intermolecular hybrid, colony's selection
With families selecting etc., using growth traits as target, cultivate fast growth speed, the improved seeds that quality of growing cultured pearls is high or strain.Traditional
Genetic breeding mode（Selection and hybridization）It is highly effective to the economic trait improvement of pearl shellfish.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the invention provides a kind of excellent Pteria penguin breeding method.
The present invention is for the technical scheme that is used of its technical problem of solution：
A kind of excellent Pteria penguin breeding method, genetic system is built using families selecting mode, it is characterised in that bag
Include following steps：
Step one, basic population is selected（G0）, based on the first generation of Hainan Pteria penguin wild population breeding
Colony（G0）；
Step 2, builds 1st generation paternal half-sib family and maternal family full-sibs（G1）, foot is selected in basic population
Silk missing and fine individual match somebody with somebody 2 or 3 female modes with 1 hero, are oriented mating, build 1st generation paternal line half same as parent
Born of the same parents' family and maternal family full-sibs（G1）；
Step 3, compliance test result, to 1st generation paternal half-sib family and maternal family full-sibs（G1）Carry out inserting core and educate
Pearl compliance test result, to confirm Preliminary Results；
Step 4, builds 2nd generation paternal half-sib family and maternal family full-sibs（G2）, select 1st generation paternal line half same
Born of the same parents' family and maternal family full-sibs（G1）In defect individual as parent, with 1 it is male match somebody with somebody 2 or 3 female modes, be oriented friendship
Match somebody with somebody, build 2nd generation paternal half-sib family and maternal family full-sibs（G2）；
Step 5, compliance test result, to 2nd generation paternal half-sib family and maternal family full-sibs（G2）Carry out inserting core and educate
Pearl compliance test result, to confirm carryover effect；
Step 6, is progressively cultivated according to above families selecting mode；
Step 7, obtains Pteria penguin improved seeds（Gn）, the Pteria penguin have byssus lack or it is fine
Feature, it is used to produce large pearl.
As further improvement of these options, in step 3, according to the breeding value of each family, by more averagely educating
Plant value family, high breeding value family and non-breeding population and insert the death rate, core-remaining rate and bead yield rate after core, checking 1st generation is paternal
Family half sibs and maternal family full-sibs（G1）Whether preliminary effect is obtained.
Further, in step 5, according to the breeding value of each family, by comparing averagely breeding value family, high breeding value man
System and non-breeding population insert the death rate, core-remaining rate and bead yield rate after core, verify 2nd generation paternal half-sib family and maternal complete same
Born of the same parents' family（G2）Whether preliminary effect is obtained.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention is main to include selection as a kind of excellent Pteria penguin breeding method
Basic population, structure 1st generation paternal half-sib family and maternal family full-sibs, compliance test result, structure 2nd generation paternal half-sib
Family and maternal family full-sibs, compliance test result, according to above families selecting mode progressively cultivated to obtain penguin pearl
Shellfish improved seeds, can cultivate byssus missing by the method for the invention or fine, growth traits is good, cultivate growth speed
It hurry up, quality of growing cultured pearls is high is used for the improved seeds or strain that produce large pearl, therefore possess good application prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples：
Fig. 1 cultivates the flow chart of excellent Pteria penguin method for the present invention.
Embodiment
Reference picture 1, is that basic population is set up first（G0）.The genetic variation degree of basic population directly affects the something lost of breeding
Come into exhibition and sustainability.In view of the differentiation of China coastal seas Pteria penguin wild population is not obvious, and genetic diversity is abundant, I
From Hainan wild population breed first generation cultured population based on colony, and therefrom select byssus missing or byssus it is fine
Individual as breeding parent.Byssus is selected in the cultured population for breeding 1st generation from wild population to lose or fine individual as parent
This, is that trait differentiation is clear because the breeding environment of cultured population is unified, it is easy to find byssus missing or fine individual；And
The wild population fished for is often in the individual that seabed pull-out capacity is strong and byssus is flourishing, it is impossible to directly select byssus missing or foot
The fine individual of silk.
After the individual of basic population reaches sexal maturity, criteria for selection parent is built paternal by balance nest-mode mating desigh
Family half sibs and maternal family full-sibs（G1）.It is male with 2 female principles by 1, it is oriented mating.Set up standardization family
Cultivate and cultural method, reduce the influence of environmental condition.
Pteria penguin family（G1）Insert core effect and compliance test result of growing cultured pearls.Our breeding objective is to solve penguin pearl
Shellfish grow cultured pearls difficulty the problem of, therefore, it can the breeding value according to each family, by comparing averagely breeding value family, high breeding value
Family and non-breeding population insert the death rate, core-remaining rate and bead yield rate after core, verify the generation of family the 1st（G1）Whether obtain just
The effect of step.
The generation family of Pteria penguin the 2nd（G2）Build.According to set breeding objective, with reference to the 1st generation family（G1）It is individual
The breeding value of body character, and the affiliation between individual, work out the breeding scheme of the 2nd generation family.Set by balance nido mating
Meter builds paternal half-sib family and maternal family full-sibs, male with 2 female principles by 1, is oriented mating, produces the 2nd
For family（G2）.Then, adhere to according to said method, cultivating byssus missing or fine, precious for producing the penguin of large pearl
Pearl shellfish improved seeds（Gn）.
The preferable implementation to the present invention is illustrated above, certainly, and the present invention can also be used and above-mentioned implementation
The different form of mode, and close field, these do not constitute any limitation to present embodiment, are familiar with this area
Equivalent conversion or corresponding change that technical staff is made on the premise of without prejudice to spirit of the invention, should all belong to this hair
In bright protection domain.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of excellent Pteria penguin breeding method, genetic system is built using families selecting mode, it is characterised in that including
Following steps：
Step one, basic population is selected（G0）, the colony based on the first generation of Hainan Pteria penguin wild population breeding
（G0）；
Step 2, builds 1st generation paternal half-sib family and maternal family full-sibs（G1）, byssus is selected in basic population and is lacked
Fine individual become estranged as parent, it is male with 2 or 3 female modes with 1, mating is oriented, 1st generation paternal half-sib man is built
System and maternal family full-sibs（G1）；
Step 3, compliance test result, to 1st generation paternal half-sib family and maternal family full-sibs（G1）Carry out inserting core and effect of growing cultured pearls
Fruit is verified, to confirm Preliminary Results；
Step 4, builds 2nd generation paternal half-sib family and maternal family full-sibs（G2）, select 1st generation paternal half-sib man
System and maternal family full-sibs（G1）In defect individual as parent, with 1 it is male match somebody with somebody 2 or 3 female modes, be oriented mating,
Build 2nd generation paternal half-sib family and maternal family full-sibs（G2）；
Step 5, compliance test result, to 2nd generation paternal half-sib family and maternal family full-sibs（G2）Carry out inserting core and effect of growing cultured pearls
Fruit is verified, to confirm carryover effect；
Step 6, is progressively cultivated according to above families selecting mode；
Step 7, obtains Pteria penguin improved seeds（Gn）, the characteristics of Pteria penguin has byssus missing or is fine,
It is used to produce large pearl.
2. a kind of excellent Pteria penguin breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 3, according to
The breeding value of each family, by compare average breeding value family, high breeding value family and non-breeding population insert the death rate after core,
Core-remaining rate and bead yield rate, checking 1st generation paternal half-sib family and maternal family full-sibs（G1）Whether preliminary effect is obtained
Really.
3. a kind of excellent Pteria penguin breeding method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：In step 5, root
According to the breeding value of each family, the death after core is inserted by comparing averagely breeding value family, high breeding value family and non-breeding population
Rate, core-remaining rate and bead yield rate, checking 2nd generation paternal half-sib family and maternal family full-sibs（G2）Whether obtain preliminary
Effect.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510399652.1A CN105145418B (en) | 2015-07-09 | 2015-07-09 | A kind of excellent Pteria penguin breeding method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510399652.1A CN105145418B (en) | 2015-07-09 | 2015-07-09 | A kind of excellent Pteria penguin breeding method |
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| CN105145418A CN105145418A (en) | 2015-12-16 |
| CN105145418B true CN105145418B (en) | 2017-09-12 |
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| CN201510399652.1A Expired - Fee Related CN105145418B (en) | 2015-07-09 | 2015-07-09 | A kind of excellent Pteria penguin breeding method |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113303259B (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2022-07-12 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for breeding pinctada martensii strain with high pearl yield |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100389652C (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2008-05-28 | 海南大学 | Method for breeding excellent pinctada of sea water pearls |
| CN101347104A (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2009-01-21 | 大连水产学院 | Method for establishing stemma of common intertidal shellfish |
| CN101361468B (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2012-02-22 | 大连水产学院 | Common intertidal shellfish high-yield anti-adversity variety selection method |
| CN102960272B (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2014-02-19 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Quantitative character gene pyramiding breeding method for pinctada fucata |
| CN103141424B (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2014-12-24 | 辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院 | Rapid screening method for high-temperature-resistant mizuhopecten yessoensis breeding pedigrees |
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