CN103141424B - Rapid screening method for high-temperature-resistant mizuhopecten yessoensis breeding pedigrees - Google Patents
Rapid screening method for high-temperature-resistant mizuhopecten yessoensis breeding pedigrees Download PDFInfo
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- CN103141424B CN103141424B CN201310089078.0A CN201310089078A CN103141424B CN 103141424 B CN103141424 B CN 103141424B CN 201310089078 A CN201310089078 A CN 201310089078A CN 103141424 B CN103141424 B CN 103141424B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid screening method for high-temperature-resistant mizuhopecten yessoensis breeding pedigrees. The rapid screening method is characterized by comprising the following steps of pedigree establishment, larval breeding, larval temporary culture, high temperature stressing and high-temperature-resistant pedigree obtainment, wherein the high temperature stressing step comprises steps that larvae are placed in a water tank to be cultured in a temperature-control manner, the water temperature is initially 5 to 10 DEG C and rises 1 to 2 DEG C every day, and when the temperature rises to 18 to 23 DEG C, the larvae are cultured at a constant temperature for 15 to 25 days; and at the high temperature stressing stage, the larvae are fed with bait of unicellular algae or spirulina powder, and water in the water tank is totally changed once every day. The rapid screening method has the beneficial effects that the larvae are placed in the water tank to be subjected to high temperature stressing culture, the temperature rises 1 to 2 DEG C every day, when the temperature rises to 18 to 23 DEG C, the larvae are cultured at a constant temperature for 15 to 25 days, and then the high-temperature-resistant pedigrees can be screened; and compared with the existing method of placing the established pedigrees in an outdoor sea area and naturally screening the pedigrees through high temperature in summer, the rapid screening method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of short cultivation period, low maintenance cost, relative easiness in management, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rapid screening method of high temperature resistant Patinopecten yessoensis breeding family, belong to agriculture mariculture technology field.
Background technology
Patinopecten yessoensis (Mizuhopecten yessoensis) belongs to cold aqueous bivalve shellfish, delicious meat, nutritious, there is higher economic worth, originate in Russian Thousand Islands south, Hokkaido, Japan and the north, Honshu and Korea peninsula Eastern China seas.Introduce China by units such as Liaoning Inst of Marine Products from Japan from the eighties in last century and carried out since artificial breeding and aquaculture test, Patinopecten yessoensis cultivation is at China's Northern Huanghai Sea and Northern Shandong Peninsula part is coastal forms industry size, the billions of unit of annual value of production.In recent years, cause the decline of kind of matter in for many generations inbreeding, cultivation density is too high cause environmental deterioration and Global climate change to cause the joint effect of the factors such as ocean temperature rising under, cultivation Patinopecten yessoensis recurs massive mortality in summer.In various envirment factor; high temperature is the main cause causing massive mortality in summer; under Summer High Temperature; the physiological metabolism of scallop is not normal, anti-adversity ability declines, immune response level is suppressed; make the immune system of host's fragility be difficult to keep out the invasion and attack of cause of disease, finally cause ill and dead on a large scale.Therefore, we are in the urgent need to starting with from scallop self, cultivate the strong improved seeds of high temperature resistance to meet the needs of aquaculture.
About the research of high temperature resistant genetic breeding is successfully carried out in crops and livestock breeding, but in aquatic livestock, related work is at the early-stage, and is only confined to the aspect such as genetics research and molecular marker screening, does not also carry out the seed selection work of high temperature resistant kind.At present, about the screening of the high temperature resistant breeding family of shellfish, mainly the family of foundation is placed in outdoor sea area and carries out Natural Selection through summer high temperature, there is the drawbacks such as cycle of forming long, maintenance cost is high, difficult management.
Summary of the invention
For solving the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of rapid screening method of high temperature resistant Patinopecten yessoensis breeding family, adopt the method can shorten cycle of forming, the reduction maintenance cost of high temperature resistant Patinopecten yessoensis breeding family, and convenient management.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A rapid screening method for high temperature resistant Patinopecten yessoensis breeding family, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1), family is set up: in the seed breeding season of Patinopecten yessoensis, according to animal breeding science principle, set up some compatriot or family half sibs;
(2), young shellfish incubation: by aforementioned family after the larvae cultivation, the temporary foster and marine incubation link in centre of routine, acquisition shell length is the young shellfish of 2-3cm, stand-by;
(3), high temperature stress: aforementioned young shellfish is placed in tank and carries out temperature control cultivation, initial water temperature is 5-10 DEG C, day intensification 1-2 DEG C, when rising to 18-23 DEG C, constant temperature culture 15-25 days;
(4), obtain high temperature resistant family: after aforementioned 18-23 DEG C constant temperature culture 15-25 days, screening obtains high temperature resistant family.
The rapid screening method of aforesaid high temperature resistant Patinopecten yessoensis breeding family, is characterized in that, in step (3), raises young shellfish with unicellular alga or spirulina powder bait, and to continuous charge in tank.
The rapid screening method of aforesaid high temperature resistant Patinopecten yessoensis breeding family, is characterized in that, in step (3), the water day full dose in tank changes water 1 time.
The rapid screening method of aforesaid high temperature resistant Patinopecten yessoensis breeding family, is characterized in that, also comprise young shellfish foster temporarily step in the sink, aforementioned young shellfish supported procedure temporarily before step (3), and supporting water temperature is temporarily 5-10 DEG C.
The rapid screening method of aforesaid high temperature resistant Patinopecten yessoensis breeding family, is characterized in that, young shellfish in the sink temporarily to support the time be 2-5 days, day full dose change water 1 time.
The rapid screening method of aforesaid high temperature resistant Patinopecten yessoensis breeding family, is characterized in that, young shellfish is raised with unicellular alga or spirulina powder bait during supporting temporarily, and to continuous charge in tank.
The rapid screening method of aforesaid high temperature resistant Patinopecten yessoensis breeding family, is characterized in that, in each tank, the young shellfish number of each family is no less than 50 pieces.
Usefulness of the present invention is: young shellfish is placed in tank and carries out high temperature stress cultivation, initial water temperature is 5-10 DEG C, day intensification 1-2 DEG C, when rising to 18-23 DEG C, just high temperature resistant family can be filtered out after constant temperature culture 15-25 days, being placed in outdoor sea area with the existing family by foundation carries out compared with Natural Selection through summer high temperature, has that the cycle of forming is short, maintenance cost is low, manage the advantages such as relatively easy; Adopt the superior families that method of the present invention filters out, both directly can be utilized as high temperature resistant Patinopecten yessoensis breeding material, and also can be cross-breeding with other excellent strain, and select the scallop new varieties that heat-resisting quantity is strong; In addition, method of the present invention can be widely used in that the rapid screening of the degeneration-resistant germ plasm resource of scallop and evaluation, particularly Patinopecten yessoensis high temperature resistant kind rapid screening and high temperature resistant QTL heredity are resolved, heat-resisting quantity functional gene is located.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the survival rate statistical chart of the constant Patinopecten yessoensis family children shellfish 5 DEG C time of water temperature in tank;
Fig. 2 is the survival rate statistical chart of the constant Patinopecten yessoensis family children shellfish 13 DEG C time of water temperature in tank;
Fig. 3 is the survival rate statistical chart of the constant Patinopecten yessoensis family children shellfish 18 DEG C time of water temperature in tank;
Fig. 4 is the survival rate statistical chart of the constant Patinopecten yessoensis family children shellfish 23 DEG C time of water temperature in tank;
Fig. 5 be in May, 2012-November large Changshan Island sea area water temperature figure;
Fig. 6 is the survival rate statistical chart of in May, 2012 large Changshan Island sea area Patinopecten yessoensis family;
Fig. 7 is the survival rate statistical chart of in October, 2012 large Changshan Island sea area Patinopecten yessoensis family.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, concrete introduction is done to the present invention.
Specific embodiment:
One, the screening of high temperature resistant family
1, family is set up: the large Changshan Island sea area in Changhai County, about annual April, seawater water temperature is at 5-10 DEG C, is now the seed breeding season of Patinopecten yessoensis.According to animal breeding science principle, set up Patinopecten yessoensis family full-sibs 40.
2, young shellfish is bred as: adopt conventional method to carry out larvae cultivation above-mentioned 40 family full-sibses, then larva is put and carry out centre foster and marine incubation temporarily to large Changshan Island sea area, in October then, the shell of family children shellfish reaches 2-3cm, next just can screen high temperature resistant family.
3, young shellfish is supported temporarily: when the water temperature of natural waters is at 5-6 DEG C, 200 pieces of young shellfishes are respectively no less than from marine random selecting 10 familys, each family mean is divided into 4 groups, then each component is placed in 4 vinyon baskets marked, every 10 familys are placed in 1 and the 2t fiberglass tank rising temperature controlling instruments are housed, support 2-5d temporarily, supporting water temperature is temporarily 5-10 DEG C.During this period, raise with unicellular alga or spirulina powder bait to young shellfish, for ensureing the survival rate of young shellfish, continuous charge in tank, day full dose change water 1 time.
4, high temperature stress: young shellfish is supported after 2-5 days in the sink temporarily, above-mentioned 4 fiberglass tanks are arranged respectively to 5 DEG C, 13 DEG C, 18 DEG C and 23 DEG C of four thermogrades, be denoted as tank A, B, C, D respectively, then with rising, temperature controlling instruments carries out heating up, temperature control, after water temperature reaches the temperature of each tank setting, cultivate 15-25d at a constant temperature, specifically see table:
| Tank is numbered | A | B | C | D |
| Initial water temperature | 5℃ | 5℃ | 5℃ | 5℃ |
| Every day heats up | -- | 1-2℃ | 1-2℃ | 1-2℃ |
| Final water temperature | 5℃ | 13℃ | 18℃ | 23℃ |
| Constant temperature culture | 15-25d | 15-25d | 15-25d | 15-25d |
In the high temperature stress stage, young shellfish is raised with unicellular alga or spirulina powder bait, and to continuous charge in tank, the water day full dose in tank changes water 1 time.
5, obtain high temperature resistant family: after constant temperature culture, the survival rate of each family is see Fig. 1 to Fig. 4.Wherein, at 18-23 DEG C, after constant temperature culture 15-25d, the family that survival rate is high is the high temperature resistant family that screening obtains.
Two, high temperature resistance evaluation
Referring to figs. 1 through Fig. 4 (in figure, family numbering A01-A10 is arranged in order from left to right), in the high temperature stress stage, at the 20d of constant temperature culture, in 5 DEG C of processed group (tank A), in each family and 13 DEG C of processed group (tank B), the survival rate of each family does not have significant difference; The survival rate of the family in the family in 18 DEG C of processed group (tank C) and 23 DEG C of processed group (tank D) shows significant difference, such as at 23 DEG C, the survival rate of family A04-A07 and A10 is closely 0, the survival rate of family A08 and A09 is respectively 44.7% and 54.7%, and family A08 and A09 is the high temperature resistant family that indoor intensification filters out fast.
Three, accuracy checking is screened
In May, 2012, before large Changshan Island sea area summer high temperature arrives, most of family still keeps higher survival rate, see Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.
In October, 2012, large Changshan Island sea area is after summer high temperature, and the survival rate between family shows significant difference, the survival rate of family A01-A07 and A10 be closely 0, family A08 and the survival rate of A09 be respectively 36.3% and 46.5%, see Fig. 5 and Fig. 7.Family A08 and A09 is the high temperature resistant family that natural high-temperature filters out, and the result of natural high-temperature screening is consistent with the result adopting method of the present invention to screen, and demonstrates method of the present invention and has advance, practicality and validity.
Method of the present invention, is placed in outdoor sea area with the existing family by foundation and carries out compared with Natural Selection through summer high temperature, has that the cycle of forming is short, maintenance cost is low, manage the advantages such as relatively easy.
It should be noted that, above-described embodiment does not limit the present invention in any form, the technical scheme that the mode that all employings are equal to replacement or equivalent transformation obtains, and all drops in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a rapid screening method for high temperature resistant Patinopecten yessoensis breeding family, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1), family is set up: in the seed breeding season of Patinopecten yessoensis, according to animal breeding science principle, set up some compatriot or family half sibs;
(2), young shellfish incubation: by above-mentioned family after the larvae cultivation, middle foster and marine incubation link temporarily of routine, obtain shell length the young shellfish of 2-3cm, then put by young shellfish and support temporarily in the sink, the water temperature of supporting temporarily is 5-10 DEG C, temporarily supporting the time is 2-5 days, day full dose change water 1 time;
(3), high temperature stress: above-mentioned young shellfish is placed in tank and carries out temperature control cultivation, initial water temperature is 5-10 DEG C, day intensification 1-2 DEG C, when rising to 18-23 DEG C, constant temperature culture 15-25 days;
(4), obtain high temperature resistant family: after above-mentioned 18-23 DEG C constant temperature culture 15-25 days, screening obtains high temperature resistant family.
2. the rapid screening method of high temperature resistant Patinopecten yessoensis breeding family according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (3), raises young shellfish with unicellular alga or spirulina powder bait, and to continuous charge in tank.
3. the rapid screening method of high temperature resistant Patinopecten yessoensis breeding family according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in step (3), the water day full dose in tank changes water 1 time.
4. the rapid screening method of high temperature resistant Patinopecten yessoensis breeding family according to claim 1, is characterized in that, young shellfish is raised with unicellular alga or spirulina powder bait during supporting temporarily, and continuous charge in tank.
5. the rapid screening method of the high temperature resistant Patinopecten yessoensis breeding family according to Claims 1-4 any one, is characterized in that, in each tank, the young shellfish number of each family is no less than 50 pieces.
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105145418B (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2017-09-12 | 海南大学 | A kind of excellent Pteria penguin breeding method |
| CN105191836B (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2016-05-18 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of quick seed choosing method based on scallop heartbeat index |
| CN105875453B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2018-11-16 | 大连海洋大学 | Improve the cross breeding method of Patinopecten yessoensis high temperature tolerance |
| CN106069897A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-11-09 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | The method of colony/family that a kind of quick screening left-eyed flounder is high temperature resistant |
| CN106508760B (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2019-03-12 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | A kind of selection of bay scallop high temperature resistant new lines |
| CN107873592B (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2021-10-15 | 辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院 | Breeding method of high-column-yield high-quality fatty acid adductor muscle family of patinopecten yessoensis |
| CN115005136B (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2023-03-21 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | Efficient culture method for high-temperature-resistant variety of northern coastal blood clam |
| CN115088651B (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2023-06-02 | 集美大学 | Breeding method for improving heat resistance of oyster |
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| CN100546467C (en) * | 2007-08-16 | 2009-10-07 | 大连水产学院 | The breeding method of double white shell Japanese scallop |
| CN102017920A (en) * | 2010-11-05 | 2011-04-20 | 大连獐子岛渔业集团股份有限公司 | Method for collecting indoors cultivated natural patinopecten yesoensis larvae by trawling |
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