CN103535320A - Reservoir net cage soft-shelled turtle breeding method - Google Patents
Reservoir net cage soft-shelled turtle breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103535320A CN103535320A CN201210248819.0A CN201210248819A CN103535320A CN 103535320 A CN103535320 A CN 103535320A CN 201210248819 A CN201210248819 A CN 201210248819A CN 103535320 A CN103535320 A CN 103535320A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a reservoir net cage soft-shelled turtle breeding method. Compared with traditional breeding outside cages, the reservoir net cage soft-shelled turtle breeding method is characterized in that soft-shelled turtles are bred through net cages in a reservoir and mainly includes the steps of placing young soft-shelled turtles in the net cages, and then breeding the young soft-shelled turtles in large-sized and medium-sized reservoirs. Compared with a traditional breeding method, the reservoir net cage soft-shelled turtle breeding method has the advantages of being high in growing speed, few in disease, good in quality and obvious in economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a breeding soft-shelled turtle method, belong to fishery cultivating field.
Background technology
The features such as soft-shelled turtle class animal is of high nutritive value owing to having, good in economic efficiency, market sales volume is wide, a plurality of areas in China, especially along rivers Hu Haidiqu, as a kind of Economic Development Mode, obtained applying widely, yet along with various places, rush on like a swarm of hornets and promote to support soft-shelled turtle, also exposed the problem existing in cultivation; 1. aquaculture cost is high, the culturing turtle of some areas carries out completely in greenhouse, although this breeding way can contribute to the Fast Growth of soft-shelled turtle class, but this mode support soft-shelled turtle easily occur being easy to sick, energy resource consumption is high, problem (existing greenhouse that cannot large-scale farming, even if the greenhouse of maximum-norm, area also can only reach hundred square metres of orders of magnitude, and cost is high); 2. traditional foster soft-shelled turtle method is directly by culturing turtle unboiled water environment out of office, although reduced environmental requirement and the aquaculture cost of cultivation, also exist catch be difficult for, cannot accurately control cultivation density, cannot effectively reduce soft-shelled turtle class ill, cannot avoid polluted water and the part wild fishes problem such as food by force.
Summary of the invention
For the unavoidable defect of foster soft-shelled turtle method existing in prior art, the present inventor puts into practice through long-term exploration with at the large-scale farming of multiple cultivating condition, by a large amount of practices and summary of experience, being aided with creationary cultural method selects, invented a kind of method that adopts net cage to cultivate soft-shelled turtle class in reservoir, not only overcome the simple high problem of greenhouse cultivation cost, and overcome the problem that traditional wild stocking method cannot effectively guarantee survival rate, have the advantages that growth is fast, disease is few, product are of fine quality, economic benefit is obvious.
The present invention is by adopting following technical proposals to realize foregoing invention object:
Support a soft-shelled turtle method, comprise young soft-shelled turtle is placed in net cage and cultivated, then net cage is placed in to the step of reservoir.
By young soft-shelled turtle is placed in net cage and is cultivated, can effectively control the cultivation density of soft-shelled turtle class, can be convenient to catch, can effectively control the breeding environment of soft-shelled turtle class.
Wherein, described young soft-shelled turtle specification is more than 250g; Described reservoir is big-and-middle-sized reservoir, and preferred, described young soft-shelled turtle is Japanese soft-shelled turtle, and the water quality of described reservoir is national surface water two class water quality standards.
Wherein, described Japanese soft-shelled turtle is one of freshwater aquiculture kind, within 2007, by national aquatic products original seed and breeding validation board, authorize, kind numbering: GS03-001-2007, with respect to traditional logical Taiwan soft-shelled turtle, Thailand soft-shelled turtle, the Yellow River soft-shelled turtle, south of the River flower soft-shelled turtle, yellow sand soft-shelled turtle, Dongting Lake soft-shelled turtle etc. has upper food early, food is fast, the intensity of feeding is large, resistance against diseases is strong, fast growth, the large specification ratio of commodity is high, in same pond raising situation, to the growth rate of 800 grams of exporting specifications than Taiwan soft-shelled turtle, Thailand soft-shelled turtle and local Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis difference fast 20%, 18% and 15%, method net cage of the present invention is supported soft-shelled turtle and is selected Japanese soft-shelled turtle, can grow faster, produce good economic benefit.
Wherein, described national surface water two class water standards are according to national surface water water environment function and protect target by the one-level in five class water standards of function height defined, concrete is that " II class is mainly applicable to first class of protection district, centralized Drinking Water surface water seedbed, rare aquatic organism habitat, fish and shrimp spawning ground, larvae juvenile fish feeding ground etc. ", by net cage being placed in to big-and-middle-sized reservoir, the stability that not only can effectively keep water standard, and can overcome in pond, " water the is unbalance " problem easily occurring in the shallow waters such as river course, common pond on a hill reservoir is very easily subject to mountain torrents invasion and attack, water quality is easily muddy, Wall in Plain Reservoir is easily subject to industrial pollution, therefore best in big-and-middle-sized reservoir.Because big-and-middle-sized reservoir has the water surface area of thousands of hectares conventionally, traditional is completely infeasible (cannot catch) by wild the putting in a suitable place to breed of young soft-shelled turtle.
Cages in reservoir of the present invention is supported soft-shelled turtle method, and the cultivation density of young soft-shelled turtle can be adjusted accordingly according to the concrete size of soft-shelled turtle class, kind difference, and the male soft-shelled turtle of common large specification, female soft-shelled turtle breeding density are controlled at 3/m
2, 1 kilogram of following 6/m respectively
2left and right, applicant determines that by a large amount of experimental studies in described net cage, the average breeding density of young soft-shelled turtle is that 4.42/square metre of left and right can keep best productive rate.Applicant be take 20000 young soft-shelled turtles as cultivation sample, adopts above-mentioned cultivation density can make average soft-shelled turtle class output specification reach 1.5 kilograms/, has very high output capacity.
In the method for the invention, described net cage adopts polyethylene knotted netting to make and forms, and for opening wide fixed net cage, tank tower adopts metal tube fixedly to form, and tank tower surrounding is provided with aisle, and float is installed on tank tower, and described net cage is " two side by side middle aisle " and arranges.
By adopting above-mentioned net cage, can effectively control putting in a suitable place to breed and the operations such as feeding, seizure of soft-shelled turtle class, and at utmost reduce the impact on water quality.Concrete, the specification of described net cage is 7m * 7m * 3m, mesh is 5cm; Described tank tower adopts the coating steel pipe of Φ 50mm fixedly to form, and surrounding is provided with the aisle of wide 50cm, with foam or plastics oil drum, makes float.
The cage structure of said structure is stablized, at buoyancy, is stablized, is easy to control position, is easy to mobile drag and drop.
In order to improve better the result of use of net cage, take 12 net cages as one group, large cage of the additional cover of every networking case, large cage enters water 2m, and four jiaos of large cages are respectively installed steel pipe that 1m is high for fixed cage, and the large cage 20cm that extends internally, becomes with rope stretch
type near the wooden food platform of a 6 * 1m of aisle about 1m left and right placement, doubles as and shines back of the body platform in net cage.
By above-mentioned packet configuration, net cage grouping can be placed in remote, calm, gulf, storehouse that illumination condition is good, can effectively prevent that soft-shelled turtle class from escaping, effectively manage nursing, feeding, the ventilation of soft-shelled turtle class.
In method of the present invention, the time of nursing is respectively 4 of 8 a.m.s, afternoon and throws something and feeds.Adopt the mode of throwing something and feeding waterborne, can effectively avoid polluted water and part wild fishes to eat by force, pollution-free to reservoir.In the above-mentioned time, feed and can guarantee good feed effect.
The overall process freezing wild fishes of throwing something and feeding preferably in cultural method of the present invention, and in high water temperature, put, put in a suitable place to breed sterilization in a suitable place to breed period, increase and shine back of the body facility, immunity strengthened; In feed, add Multivitamin, especially vitamin E etc., can effectively improve survival rate, prevents ill.
Cages in reservoir of the present invention is supported in soft-shelled turtle method, and the young soft-shelled turtle condition of putting in a suitable place to breed is that temperature continous-stable is more than 31 ℃; Water temperature drops to while being not less than 28 ℃ and catches.
By the above-mentioned condition energy emphasis of putting in a suitable place to breed, prevent fungal disease (because fungus breeding is quick, net cage medication inconvenience, can produce greater loss, therefore to put prevention first), and put in a suitable place to breed and " should not early late, catch " should be early not slow "; being conventionally chosen in mid or late July puts in a suitable place to breed and realize temperature continous-stable more than 31 ℃; early or mid October catches, and (inventor carried out winter test in 2009, if do not catch overwintering mortality, did not reach 100% with regard to catching when water temperature drops to 28 ℃.Therefore when water temperature drops to 28 ℃, in time soft-shelled turtle be caught back to the pool or sale or support temporarily).
Further, on the basis of the above, the invention also discloses a kind of three section type children soft-shelled turtle cultural method, comprise that the first stage utilizes the young young soft-shelled turtle of greenhouse cultivation, second stage is utilized pond rearing children soft-shelled turtle, phase III places young soft-shelled turtle in net cage and cultivates, and then net cage is placed to reservoir and carries out quality-improving cultivation.
By above-mentioned three section type ecologic breeding, can make soft-shelled turtle class really reach the standard of ecologic breeding, organic cultivation.
Adopt foster soft-shelled turtle method of the present invention, applicant turns one's head gulf and has carried out the basic test work in early stage of soft-shelled turtle cage culture at reservoir gantry, the tight water of Lishui City beach, net cage area 144m2, July 27 and 31 days, put at twice counterpoise 525g, from 922 of the Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis Japanese strain soft-shelled turtle kinds (hereinafter to be referred as Japanese soft-shelled turtle) of this Shi Pu cultivation base greenhouse cultivation, 6.5/m of density
2, October 17 in 2009, say whole harvestings, average specification is 887 grams, gathers in the crops 861, output 763.7kg, average per unit area yield is 5.3kg/m2.Weightening finish output 279.6kg.The gross output value is 6.112 ten thousand yuan, and gross profit reaches 2.21 ten thousand yuan.Average income is 425 yuan/m
2, profit is 153.5 yuan/m
2, input-output ratio is 1: 1.57.Feed coefficient is 1.8.
Applicant adopted said method to enter yielding ability cultivation in 2010, July 23, selected 15600, and average specification, the Japanese soft-shelled turtle in two ages in winter of 1 kilogram of left and right, is put in a suitable place to breed at 72 net cages, on average puts 4.42/square metre in a suitable place to breed.The large male soft-shelled turtle of specification, female soft-shelled turtle breeding density are controlled at 3/m
2, 1 kilogram of following 6 left and right respectively.On October 28th, 2010 all catches, and cultivates altogether 97 days, 15277 of outlets, and survival rate 97.7%, average specification reaches 1.5 kilograms/, and average income is 1036 yuan/m
2, profit is 212 yuan/m
2, obtained good economic benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of single net cage;
Fig. 2 is the arrangement figure of a plurality of net cages;
Fig. 3 is the planar structure schematic diagram that a plurality of net cages are arranged.
Embodiment
Shown in accompanying drawing 1,2,3, single net cage A adopts polyethylene knotted netting to make and forms, specification is 7m * 7m * 3m, mesh is 5cm, tank tower fixedly forms with the coating steel pipe of Φ 50mm, surrounding has the aisle 3 of wide 50cm, with foam or plastics oil drum, makes float 5, and net cage is " two side by side middle aisle " and arranges.Take 12 net cages as one group, every networking case large cage of additional cover (shown in Fig. 2), large cage enters the about 2m of waterline 10, in net cage, near about 1m left and right, aisle 3, place the wooden food platform 5 of a 6 * 1m, in case, both sides respectively block out the careless hurdle 2 of wide 1 meter with bamboo pole, in the middle of net cage, establish floating raft and make to shine back of the body platform 4, large cage is provided with logical bank passageway 6 and extraneous UNICOM.
Wherein large cage outside is also provided with the anti-net 30 of escaping and prevents that young soft-shelled turtle from escaping, and net cage bottom is provided with net bottom sinker 60 for stablizing the position of net cage.
With method of the present invention, applicant has carried out following culture experiment:
On July 23rd, 2010, selected 15600, average specification, the China Japan soft-shelled turtle of 1 kilogram of left and right, is put in a suitable place to breed at 72 above-mentioned net cages, on average puts 4.42/square metre in a suitable place to breed.The large male soft-shelled turtle of specification, female soft-shelled turtle breeding density are controlled at 3/m
2, 1 kilogram of following 6 left and right respectively.On October 28th, 2010 all catches, and cultivates altogether 97 days, and details is in Table 1.
Table 1 cage culture situation statistical form
The soft-shelled turtle class quality of above-mentioned cultivation is outstanding, approaches wildly, and market sale price reaches 160 yuan/kilogram.Refer to following table 2:
Table: 2 Economic and Efficiency Analysis units: unit
Method of the present invention has good growth survival rate and economic benefit significantly as can be seen here.
Wherein, matching used three sections of cultural methods are:
First stage: young young soft-shelled turtle cultivation stage
Soft-shelled turtle egg is introduced and is divided two batches: first enters 26250, egg on June 12nd, 2008, and July 20 was emerged 23100, incubation rate 88%; Second batch entered 28100, egg July 23, and August 24 was emerged 25010, incubation rate 89%.Add up to into 54350, egg, emerge 48110, average incubation rate 88.51%, average breeding density is a 27/m
2.Go out 41182, ，Gong Chu pond, greenhouse in May, 2009, sampling check weighing, average 0.52 kilogram, on average cultivating survival rate is 85.60%.Refer to table 3.
The Japanese soft-shelled turtle hatching of table 3 and cultivation information slip
Second stage: young soft-shelled turtle pond culture stage
According to " male and female separately, the size minute pool " principle, on May 25th, 2009, June 5 did not put in a suitable place to breed at 6 mouthfuls of eco-ponds 41182 of greenhouse cultivation respectively.Details is in Table 4.
Table 4 pond culture situation statistical form
Claims (10)
1. cages in reservoir is supported a soft-shelled turtle method, it is characterized in that comprising young soft-shelled turtle is placed in net cage and cultivated, and then net cage is placed in to the step of reservoir.
2. cages in reservoir according to claim 1 is supported soft-shelled turtle method, it is characterized in that described young soft-shelled turtle specification is more than 250g; Described reservoir is big-and-middle-sized reservoir.
3. cages in reservoir according to claim 2 is supported soft-shelled turtle method, it is characterized in that described young soft-shelled turtle is Japanese soft-shelled turtle, and the water quality of described reservoir is national surface water two class water quality standards.
4. cages in reservoir according to claim 1 is supported soft-shelled turtle method, it is characterized in that in described net cage, the average breeding density of young soft-shelled turtle is 4.42/square metre.
5. cages in reservoir according to claim 1 is supported soft-shelled turtle method, it is characterized in that described net cage adopts polyethylene knotted netting to make and forms, for opening wide fixed net cage, tank tower adopts metal tube fixedly to form, tank tower surrounding is provided with aisle, float is installed on tank tower, and described net cage is " two side by side middle aisle " and arranges.
6. cages in reservoir according to claim 5 is supported soft-shelled turtle method, and the specification that it is characterized in that described net cage is 7m * 7m * 3m, and mesh is 5cm; Described tank tower adopts the coating steel pipe of Φ 50mm fixedly to form, and surrounding is provided with the aisle of wide 50cm, with foam or plastics oil drum, makes float.
7. cages in reservoir according to claim 5 is supported soft-shelled turtle method, it is characterized in that 12 net cages are one group, large cage of the additional cover of every networking case, net cage enters water 2m, four jiaos, net cage is respectively installed steel pipe that 1m is high for fixed cage, and the net cage 20cm that extends internally, becomes with rope stretch
type, near the wooden food platform of a 6 * 1m of aisle 1m placement, doubles as and shines back of the body platform in net cage.
8. cages in reservoir according to claim 1 is supported soft-shelled turtle method, and the raising method that it is characterized in that young soft-shelled turtle is for throwing something and feeding 4 of 8 a.m.s, afternoon respectively.Adopt the mode of throwing something and feeding waterborne.
9. cages in reservoir according to claim 1 is supported soft-shelled turtle method, and tool is characterised in that the described young soft-shelled turtle condition of putting in a suitable place to breed is that temperature continous-stable is more than 31 ℃; Water temperature drops to while being not less than 28 ℃ and catches.
10. a three section type children soft-shelled turtle cultural method, comprises that the first stage utilizes the young young soft-shelled turtle of greenhouse cultivation, and second stage is utilized pond rearing children soft-shelled turtle, and the phase III places young soft-shelled turtle in net cage and cultivates, and then net cage is placed to reservoir and carries out quality-improving cultivation.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN104488789A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-08 | 北海市铁山港区石头埠丰顺养殖有限公司 | Fish raft net cage prepared from steel material |
| CN105010231A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-11-04 | 柳州市鑫鳌水产养殖专业合作社 | Reservoir turtle raising method |
| CN105028305A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-11-11 | 刘宗英 | Feeding and management method for soft-shelled turtles |
| CN108207779A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-06-29 | 安徽省农业科学院水产研究所 | Net cage wintering method outside a kind of young young testudinate room |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN104488789A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-08 | 北海市铁山港区石头埠丰顺养殖有限公司 | Fish raft net cage prepared from steel material |
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| CN105010231A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-11-04 | 柳州市鑫鳌水产养殖专业合作社 | Reservoir turtle raising method |
| CN108207779A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-06-29 | 安徽省农业科学院水产研究所 | Net cage wintering method outside a kind of young young testudinate room |
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Application publication date: 20140129 |