CN102067821A - Method for breeding high-ammonia-nitrogen and high pH resistant species of prawn - Google Patents
Method for breeding high-ammonia-nitrogen and high pH resistant species of prawn Download PDFInfo
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- CN102067821A CN102067821A CN2010105242899A CN201010524289A CN102067821A CN 102067821 A CN102067821 A CN 102067821A CN 2010105242899 A CN2010105242899 A CN 2010105242899A CN 201010524289 A CN201010524289 A CN 201010524289A CN 102067821 A CN102067821 A CN 102067821A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention provides a method for breeding a high-ammonia-nitrogen and high pH resistant species of a prawn, which can solve the problems of degraded quality, poor stress resistance and low breeding survival rate of prawn breeding existing in the prior art. Specifically, the new species with high stress resistance is screened by manually breeding the yellow sea No.1 fenneropenaeuschinensis with favorable growth characters as a basic group and adopting a combined breeding method of group breeding and family breeding through a high-ammonia-nitrogen and high pH stress test. The new high-stress resistance species screened by using the method is capable of aggregating and growing, has favorable characters of stress resistance and improves the high-ammonia-nitrogen and high pH resistance by 30 percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the seed selection of the degeneration-resistant proterties of prawn, is the selection of anti-high ammonia nitrogen of a kind of prawn and high pH improved seeds specifically.
Background technology
Prawn is one of important living marine resources of China, and economic worth is higher, also is the main exit aquatic products, and market potential is huge.China begins to propagate artificially on a large scale in the later stage coastal eighties in last century.Present national prawn culturing industry development is rapid, surplus the cultured area 20 ten thousand hectares, surplus the annual production 100 ten thousand tons, accounts for 1/3 of global cultured output.Fine-variety breeding is that the decision shrimp culture industry continues, one of the important key of stable development, and the improved seeds of cultivating strong stress resistance by artificial orientation's seed selection can strengthen prawn opposing environment-stress ability, improve and culture survival rate.
The beginning of this century, the work of China prawn fine-variety breeding was just carried out, but develop very fast, mainly to grow fast and premunition is by force the seed selection index, Huanghai Sea aquatic products research institute has obtained Chinese prawn (Fenneropenaeuschinensis) " No. 1, the Huanghai Sea " new varieties of growing fast (Li Jian, 2005) and " No. 2, the Huanghai Sea " disease-resistant varieties (Zhang Qingwen, 2002).Abroad, the U.S. has carried out specific pathogen free (SPF) and anti-specific pathogen (SPR) Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low (Litopenaeus vannamei) seed selection (Brock et al., 1997).The domestic report that Penaeus monodon (Penaeus monodon) breeding aspect is also arranged, but also do not report anti-high ammonia nitrogen of prawn and high pH breed breeding method at present.Ammonia nitrogen and pH are the important envirment factors in the prawn culturing ecology, and high ammonia nitrogen and high pH environment can reduce prawn physiological function and immunocompetence.Particularly usually bring out disease of prawn during the water environment acute variation and take place, cause the death of prawn large tracts of land fulminant.Therefore, present cultured prawn quality deterioration, resistance are poor, to culture problems such as survival rate is low significant for solving to cultivate anti-high ammonia nitrogen and high pH cultured prawn kind.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the selection of anti-high ammonia nitrogen of a kind of prawn and high pH kind, can solve poor, the low problem of breed survival rate of cultured prawn quality deterioration, resistance that prior art exists.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical proposals,
The selection of anti-high ammonia nitrogen of a kind of prawn and high pH kind, " No. 1, the Huanghai Sea " Chinese prawn with the good growth traits of artificially breeding tool is a basic population, coerce test by high ammonia nitrogen and high pH, filter out the new varieties of strong stress resistance, make its aggregation growth and degeneration-resistant merit.
Further, adopt colony's seed selection and the family selective breeding breeding method that combines, select high-quality parent shrimp from described basic population, selection intensity is 5%, colony seed selection parent shrimp keeps quantity 500 tails, and family selective breeding is set up 50-100 family by complete diallel pattern, and female-male proportion is 1: 1.
Wherein, described high ammonia nitrogen and high pH coerce test and carry out at twice respectively, carry out high ammonia nitrogen and the test of high pH coercive, long run test 3 days respectively in the young shrimp P1 phase for the first time, the deadly value of average half with all familys is a screening index, the family of screening good stress resistance; When young shrimp grows to 150 ages in days, each family is carried out the test of coercing of high ammonia nitrogen and high pH respectively for the second time, high-concentration ammonia-nitrogen is 64mg/L, pH adopts 9.2 to coerce, carried out continuously 3 days, and added up the death time individual in each family, filter out the family of strong stress resistance.
Adopt the Quantitative Genetics principle to estimate the heritability and the genetic correlation parameter of the degeneration-resistant proterties of Chinese prawn, carry out growth-development law and heterosis, hybrid vigor analysis, and adopt the AFLP Protocols in Molecular Biology to carry out analysis of genetic diversity, for seed selection provides foundation.
To the family combination of the good stress resistance that filtered out in 1 year, adopt Nested Design to set up family, each family combination is set up 3 groups, and every group of female-male proportion is 3: 1, adopts high ammonia nitrogen and high pH to coerce test and proceeds seed selection.
Selected through continuous 5 years, the superior families and the basic population of the strong stress resistance that filters out mixed, raise up seed as improved seeds for production application.
The present invention proposes the selection of anti-high ammonia nitrogen of a kind of prawn and high pH improved seeds, according to cultivating pool environmental condition and prawn adaptive capacity to high ammonia nitrogen and high pH, design high ammonia nitrogen and high pH concentration is coerced test, reach the purpose of the individuality of eliminating the resistivity difference, can be used for the prawn fine-variety breeding.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and good effect:
1, to select quick growth colony for use be basic population in the present invention, by anti-high ammonia nitrogen and the seed selection of high pH proterties, makes its polymeric stress proterties, the new varieties growth rate of cultivating and culture survival rate and significantly improve.
2, the present invention is simple to operation, is applicable to the prawn anti-adversity seed selection.
Embodiment
Be described in detail technology contents of the present invention below by embodiment:
The present invention practices in Haifeng county, Changyi, Shandong Province aquaculture company, and is respond well.
1, Changyi, Hebei, Jiangzhou, the Chinese prawn " No. 1, the Huanghai Sea " of sunshine and Wendeng City 5 different regions breed and the Chinese prawn constructional base group of the common six clusters of coastal waters wild population at sunshine have been collected in September, 2005.In 10000 tails parent shrimp, filter out bright in color, energetic, long above prawn 500 tails of 15cm that surpass of body.Adopt Quantitative Genetics to carry out the growth-development law and the heterosis, hybrid vigor analysis of variant cultured population to the basic population of collecting, and adopt technology such as AFLP to carry out analysis of genetic diversity.
2, family selective breeding is set up 136 familys by complete diallel pattern, and female-male proportion is 1: 1.
3, high ammonia nitrogen and high pH coerce test and are divided into twice and carry out.For the first time carry out the coercive test in the young shrimp P1 phase, long run test 3 days is a screening index with the average half of all familys value that causes death, and filters out the family of high ammonia nitrogen better resistance.When young shrimp grows to 150 ages in days, each family is carried out the test of coercing of high ammonia nitrogen and high pH respectively for the second time.High-concentration ammonia-nitrogen is 64mg/L, and pH adopts 9.2 to coerce, and carries out continuously 3 days, adds up the death time individual in each family.Filter out 8 of the strongest familys of ammonia nitrogen tolerance, to 10 of the strongest familys of pH value tolerance, to 7 of all stronger familys of ammonia nitrogen and pH value tolerance.
4, parameters such as the heritability of the degeneration-resistant proterties of employing Quantitative Genetics principle estimation Chinese prawn and genetic correlation, anti-ammonia nitrogen heritability 0.15, anti-pH heritability 0.21 are for family selective breeding provides foundation.
5, the family of the good stress resistance that seed selection in 1 year is filtered out combination adopts Nested Design to set up family, and each family combination is set up 3 groups, and every group of female-male proportion is 3: 1, adopts to coerce test and proceed seed selection.
6, coerce seed selection through continuous 5 generations, filtered out 15 of anti-high ammonia nitrogen familys in 2009,18 of anti-high pH familys, 9 of not only anti-high ammonia nitrogen but also anti-high pH familys, the anti-high ammonia nitrogen family resistance average that filters out has improved 31.47% than the resistance average of all familys, and anti-high pH family has improved 28.16%.
7, the superior families that filters out and basic population are mixed, raise up seed as improved seeds for production application, 2008-2009 cultures more than 10,000 mu and compares the anti-ammonia nitrogen ability of breeding population with control population and improved 29.4%, and anti-high pH ability has improved 34.8%.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not to be the restriction of the present invention being made other form, and any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.But every technical solution of the present invention content that do not break away to any simple modification, equivalent variations and remodeling that above embodiment did, still belongs to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention according to technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the selection of anti-high ammonia nitrogen of a prawn and high pH kind, it is characterized in that: " No. 1, the Huanghai Sea " Chinese prawn with the good growth traits of artificially breeding tool is a basic population, coerce test by high ammonia nitrogen and high pH, filter out the new varieties of strong stress resistance, make its aggregation growth and degeneration-resistant merit.
2. the selection of anti-high ammonia nitrogen of prawn according to claim 1 and high pH kind, it is characterized in that: adopt colony's seed selection and the family selective breeding breeding method that combines, select high-quality parent shrimp from described basic population, selection intensity is 5%, colony seed selection parent shrimp keeps quantity 500 tails, family selective breeding is set up 50-100 family by complete diallel pattern, and female-male proportion is 1: 1.
3. the selection of anti-high ammonia nitrogen of prawn according to claim 1 and high pH kind, it is characterized in that: described high ammonia nitrogen and high pH coerce test and carry out at twice respectively, carry out high ammonia nitrogen and the test of high pH coercive respectively in the young shrimp P1 phase for the first time, long run test 3 days, the deadly value of average half with all familys is a screening index, the family of screening good stress resistance; When young shrimp grows to 150 ages in days, each family is carried out the test of coercing of high ammonia nitrogen and high pH respectively for the second time, high-concentration ammonia-nitrogen is 64mg/L, pH adopts 9.2 to coerce, carried out continuously 3 days, and added up the death time individual in each family, filter out the family of strong stress resistance.
4. the selection of anti-high ammonia nitrogen of prawn according to claim 1 and high pH kind, it is characterized in that: adopt the Quantitative Genetics principle to estimate the heritability and the genetic correlation parameter of the degeneration-resistant proterties of Chinese prawn, carry out growth-development law and heterosis, hybrid vigor analysis, and adopt the AFLP Protocols in Molecular Biology to carry out analysis of genetic diversity, for seed selection provides foundation.
5. the selection of anti-high ammonia nitrogen of prawn according to claim 3 and high pH kind, it is characterized in that: to the family combination of the good stress resistance that filtered out in 1 year, adopt Nested Design to set up family, each family combination is set up 3 groups, every group of female-male proportion is 3: 1, adopts high ammonia nitrogen and high pH to coerce test and proceeds seed selection.
6. the selection of anti-high ammonia nitrogen of prawn according to claim 5 and high pH kind is characterized in that: selected through continuous 5 years, the superior families and the basic population of the strong stress resistance that filters out mixed, raise up seed as improved seeds for production application.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103416333A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-12-04 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Litopenaeus vannamei base population establishing method based on genetic information and excellent properties |
| CN104686430A (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2015-06-10 | 雷州市海威水产养殖有限公司 | Prawn low dissolved oxygen resistance family selection method |
| CN104982362A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-10-21 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Breeding method of portunus trituberculatus rapid-growth novel variety |
| CN105519461A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-04-27 | 浙江海洋学院 | Flow velocity resistance grading and optimal-selection method for juvenile Marsupenaeus japonicus |
| CN109526826A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-29 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of saline-alkali tolerant litopenaeus vannamei breeding and producing method for seed |
| CN110100776A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-08-09 | 茂名市金阳热带海珍养殖有限公司 | A kind of selection of low temperature resistant resistance to less salt prawn kind |
| CN110663593A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-01-10 | 江西农业大学 | Construction method of hybrid loach with fast growth and good meat quality and suitable for paddy field cultivation |
| CN111685067A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-22 | 中国水产科学研究院 | Freshwater shrimp population compound breeding method |
| CN114766401A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-07-22 | 浙江万里学院宁海海洋生物种业研究院 | Seed production method of new sinonovacula constricta species with ammonia nitrogen resistance and high yield |
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| CN1957684A (en) * | 2006-11-14 | 2007-05-09 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Method for establishing selection index for breeding Chinese prawn in multiple characters |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103416333B (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-11-11 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of construction method of the Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low basic population based on hereditary information and merit |
| CN103416333A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-12-04 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Litopenaeus vannamei base population establishing method based on genetic information and excellent properties |
| CN104686430B (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2018-02-16 | 广东海威水产养殖有限公司 | A kind of resistance to low dissolved oxygen family selective breeding method of prawn |
| CN104686430A (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2015-06-10 | 雷州市海威水产养殖有限公司 | Prawn low dissolved oxygen resistance family selection method |
| CN104982362A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-10-21 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Breeding method of portunus trituberculatus rapid-growth novel variety |
| CN104982362B (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2017-11-21 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of fast-growth breeding of new variety method of Portunus trituberculatus Miers |
| CN105519461A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-04-27 | 浙江海洋学院 | Flow velocity resistance grading and optimal-selection method for juvenile Marsupenaeus japonicus |
| CN105519461B (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2018-12-25 | 浙江海洋学院 | A kind of grade classification and preferred method of Marsupenaeus japonicus shrimp seedling anti-flow performance |
| CN109526826A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-29 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of saline-alkali tolerant litopenaeus vannamei breeding and producing method for seed |
| CN110100776A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-08-09 | 茂名市金阳热带海珍养殖有限公司 | A kind of selection of low temperature resistant resistance to less salt prawn kind |
| CN110663593A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-01-10 | 江西农业大学 | Construction method of hybrid loach with fast growth and good meat quality and suitable for paddy field cultivation |
| CN111685067A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-22 | 中国水产科学研究院 | Freshwater shrimp population compound breeding method |
| CN114766401A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-07-22 | 浙江万里学院宁海海洋生物种业研究院 | Seed production method of new sinonovacula constricta species with ammonia nitrogen resistance and high yield |
| CN114766401B (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2023-06-20 | 浙江万里学院宁海海洋生物种业研究院 | Seed production method for ammonia nitrogen-resistant and high-yield sinonovacula constricta new variety |
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Application publication date: 20110525 |