CN106719391B - A kind of selection improving the white plumage rate of Mule duck and grade - Google Patents
A kind of selection improving the white plumage rate of Mule duck and grade Download PDFInfo
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- CN106719391B CN106719391B CN201611121107.7A CN201611121107A CN106719391B CN 106719391 B CN106719391 B CN 106719391B CN 201611121107 A CN201611121107 A CN 201611121107A CN 106719391 B CN106719391 B CN 106719391B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of selection for improving the white plumage rate of Mule duck and grade, it is main that systematic breeding is carried out to Mule duck father, female parent using reciprocal cross, selfing, subculture back-and-forth method, the method of the present invention can improve to efficient system the white plumage rate of Mule duck and white plumage grade (A grades), the white plumage quality of General Promotion Mule duck, the trunk of of fine quality, superior natural feather and pure white beauty is provided for market, the Mule duck market competitiveness and culture efficiency are promoted, may advantageously facilitate White-plumage mule duck industry to higher development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the selections of a kind of white plumage rate of raising Mule duck and grade, belong to technical field of animal husbandry.
Background technique
Mule duck production is Fujian Province's special advantage industries, for seedling amount 100,000,000 or more, delivers 60,000,000 or more year for sale in year,
It is the main meat duck kind in Fujian Province market.Plumage color is important one of the economic characters of Mule duck.Traditional Mule duck plumage color is black
Fiber crops, butchering rear carcass surface, there are black needle plumages, seriously affect the appearance and product marketing of trunk, it is difficult to adapt to modern industry
The requirement of production.And White-plumage mule duck not only its white feather be light and textile industries precious raw material, economic value is high；And it butchers
The pure white beauty of trunk afterwards, quality is excellent, can not only be used for high-quality meat duck, also can be used as the superior original of processing pressed salted duck, Cold spiced duck, stewed duck with bean sauce etc.
Material is suitable for intensive manufacture and processes.Therefore, constantly improvement this economic characters of Mule duck plumage color, the raising white plumage rate of Mule duck are
The urgent task of production is to push demand of the Mule duck industry to high-level development.
Fujian Province Academy Of Agricultural Sciences Animal Husbandry And Veterinary Medicine Institute is directed to the phase of White-plumage mule duck plumage color the 1990s
Research is closed, female parent is essentially consisted in by the plumage color table type that research discloses control Mule duck, has thereby determined that Mule duck plumage color sorting
Route is educated, and it is successively maternal breeding material using synthesis system (Beijing duck * laying duck), the white duck of Fujian agriculture, Beijing duck, selects
The specialized strain of type, small-sized and large-scale White-plumage mule duck female parent, A-C grades of offspring's Mule duck white plumage rate are up to 99%, wherein A
Grade (full White-plumage mule duck) accounts for about 12%, B grades (the white plumage of whole body, head stain Mule duck) and accounts for about 67%, C grades of (head blackspot, back stain
Or blackspot Mule duck) account for about 20%.
Although the research of the white plumage rate of Mule duck achieves significant progress, the white plumage grade of Mule duck is not high, at present city
For the White-plumage mule duck produced on field mainly based on head stain or blackspot, full White-plumage mule duck ratio (A grades) is very low, only accounts for 10%
Left and right.Even if continuing to carry out White-plumage mule duck female parent breeding, the raising of full White-plumage mule duck ratio is also fairly limited.
The present invention can overcome disadvantages mentioned above or deficiency, by grinding to Mule duck plumage color table type genetic development for system
Study carefully, as a result, it has been found that White-plumage mule duck rate is improved significantly, the raising of especially complete white plumage rate (A grades), in addition to related to female parent
Outside, also closely related with male parent kind duck.Therefore, Mule duck white plumage rate entirely is improved for system, we are both needed to Mule duck father, female parent
It is selected and is cultivated.Maternal core group male and female kind duck is measured and is selected using positive and negative friendship method；Meanwhile utilizing selfing
Generation breeding is carried out to white kind of duck of male parent with subculture back-and-forth method.By carrying out the breeding of system to father, maternal kind of duck, can effectively add
The raising of fast Mule duck white plumage rate entirely, the white plumage quality of General Promotion Mule duck provide of fine quality, superior natural feather and clean for market
The trunk of Bai Meiguan promotes the market competitiveness and culture efficiency of Mule duck, may advantageously facilitate White-plumage mule duck industry Xiang Genggao
Level development.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of improve Mule duck white plumage rate and white plumage grade sides with providing system high efficiency
Method, the present invention mainly, to Mule duck father, maternal progress systematic breeding, are effectively accelerated using reciprocal cross, selfing, subculture back-and-forth method
The selection development of Mule duck white plumage rate and white plumage grade.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
(1) breeding of White-plumage mule duck paternal (complete white plumage kind duck)
Egg-laying peak selected from productive group physically well develop, appearance traits meet the female kind duck of complete white plumage of this varietal characteristic
Form breeding underlying group with public kind of duck of complete white plumage, set up family, natural mating, per stirpes collect hatching of breeding eggs, when hatching according to
Plumage color differentiates and selects feathering color Quan Bai and the strong young bird of male and female of the head without stain, puts on family number, forms new generation core group；10
Week old weighing, selection is greater than or equal to community average weight and the individual of Quan Baiyu is reserved seed for planting, and continues to cultivate.It is selected to peak period
It physically well develops, appearance traits meet the female kind duck of complete white plumage of this varietal characteristic and complete male kind of duck of white plumage forms breeding core group, numerous
Grow the new generation.In this way by generation measurement, selection, breeding, circulation is carried out, and by the selection of 3-4 generation, it is neat and well spaced to cultivate group
Together, offspring's Mule duck White-plumage mule duck that white plumage rate is high entirely, the speed of growth is fast is paternal.
(2) breeding of White-plumage mule duck female parent man duck
It is paternal using the White-plumage mule duck paternal line of step (1) breeding as test first, full sibs is established in maternal family duck
Pedigree, when hatching, are compared to each other the white plumage rate achievement of duck individual offspring's Mule duck, select pressure request by 20-30%, married woman's parent's home duck is selected and remain
Married woman's parent's home duck of the white plumage rate marks sequencing of its offspring's Mule duck in preceding 20-30% is individual, and state duck selects and remain its full sibs sister offspring half
Kind duck be averaged white plumage rate marks sequencing preceding 20-30% state's duck individual；The male and female man duck selected and remain avoids close-inbreeding, pedigree
Hatching procreation carries out 2-3 from generation to generation from generation to generation, by generation measurement, selection, breeding, circulation.When the 3-4 generation, married woman's parent's home duck is still used
The method individual of stating is reserved seed for planting；State duck is then selected using reciprocal cross method, that is, utilizes state duck and white kind of duck reciprocal cross, Individual identification offspring
Mule duck plumage color filters out state's duck individual of offspring's Mule duck plumage color Quan Bai (A grades) rate, the married woman's parent's home's duck group selected and remain with the same generation
At maternal core group, produced for White-plumage mule duck.Individual choice method is combined using orthogonal and reciprocal cross, effectively accelerates half kind
The selection development speed and genetic stability of the white plumage rate of duck, the selection through 3-4 generation, can cultivate heritability it is stable, after
For the high maternal core group of the white plumage rate of Mule duck.
The advantage of the invention is that the method for the present invention can improve to efficient system the white plumage rate of Mule duck and white plumage grade (A
Grade), the white plumage quality of General Promotion Mule duck provides the trunk of of fine quality, superior natural feather and pure white beauty for market, promotes half
Kind the duck market competitiveness and culture efficiency, may advantageously facilitate White-plumage mule duck industry to higher development.
Detailed description of the invention
The classification of Fig. 1 plumage color differentiates figure.
Specific embodiment
(1) breeding of White-plumage mule duck paternal (complete white plumage kind duck)
Egg-laying peak selected from productive group physically well develop, appearance traits meet the female kind duck of complete white plumage of this varietal characteristic
Form breeding underlying group with public kind of duck of complete white plumage, set up family, natural mating, per stirpes collect hatching of breeding eggs, when hatching according to
Plumage color differentiates and selects feathering color Quan Bai and the strong young bird of male and female of the head without stain, puts on family number, forms new generation core group；10
Week old weighing, selection is greater than or equal to community average weight and the individual of Quan Baiyu is reserved seed for planting, and continues to cultivate.It is selected to peak period
It physically well develops, appearance traits meet the female kind duck of complete white plumage of this varietal characteristic and complete male kind of duck of white plumage forms breeding core group, numerous
Grow the new generation.In this way by generation measurement, selection, breeding, circulation is carried out, and by the selection of 3-4 generation, it is neat and well spaced to cultivate group
Together, offspring's Mule duck White-plumage mule duck that white plumage rate is high entirely, the speed of growth is fast is paternal.
(2) breeding of White-plumage mule duck female parent man duck
It is paternal using the White-plumage mule duck paternal line of step (1) breeding as test first, full sibs is established in maternal family duck
Pedigree, when hatching, are compared to each other the white plumage rate achievement of duck individual offspring's Mule duck, select pressure request by 20-30%, married woman's parent's home duck is selected and remain
Married woman's parent's home duck of the white plumage rate marks sequencing of its offspring's Mule duck in preceding 20-30% is individual, and state duck selects and remain its full sibs sister offspring half
Kind duck be averaged white plumage rate marks sequencing preceding 20-30% state's duck individual；The male and female man duck selected and remain avoids close-inbreeding, pedigree
Hatching procreation carries out 2-3 from generation to generation from generation to generation, by generation measurement, selection, breeding, circulation.When the 3-4 generation, married woman's parent's home duck is still used
The method individual of stating is reserved seed for planting；State duck is then selected using reciprocal cross method, that is, utilizes state duck and white kind of duck reciprocal cross, Individual identification offspring
Mule duck plumage color filters out state's duck individual of offspring's Mule duck plumage color Quan Bai (A grades) rate, the married woman's parent's home's duck group selected and remain with the same generation
At maternal core group, produced for White-plumage mule duck.Individual choice method is combined using orthogonal and reciprocal cross, effectively accelerates half kind
The selection development speed and genetic stability of the white plumage rate of duck, the selection through 3-4 generation, can cultivate heritability it is stable, after
For the high maternal core group of the white plumage rate of Mule duck.
Embodiment 1:
Peak period never white kind of duck of breeding group and breeding group F4 respectively select the public kind duck of complete white plumage and black for white kind of duck core group
Public each 15 of kind duck of head, it is using wheel method of completing the square, i.e., complete white by 15 first in a manner of artificial insemination with the ratio of 1 ♂: 30 ♀
Plumage public affairs kind duck is hybridized with 450 White-plumage mule ducks maternal individual (Taiwan White changes duck), starts to collect hatching of breeding eggs after 7 days,
The measurement of plumage color is carried out to offspring's Mule duck when hatching, judges plumage colour gradation, statisticallys analyze the ratio of Mule duck plumage colors at different levels.Its
It is secondary, after hatching egg is collected, the public kind ducks of 15 blackheads are hybridized with the White-plumage mule duck female parent individual of the same group, and it is upper
It is identical, start to collect hatching of breeding eggs after 7 days, the measurement of plumage color is carried out to offspring's Mule duck when hatching, judges plumage colour gradation, statistical
Analyse the ratio of Mule duck plumage colors at different levels.(Tables 1 and 2) as the result is shown, breeding group is entirely half in white Yu Gongfanya filial generation group
Kind A grades of duck (Quan Baiyu) ratios are up to 90.87%, B grades of (head stain) ratio Zhi Zhan groups 9.13%；Non- breeding group Mule duck A
Grade ratio only accounts for 18.96%, B grades of ratios and is up to 79.70%.Half in breeding group and non-breeding group blackhead Gong Fanya filial generation group
Kind A grades of ratios of duck are respectively 9.18% and 15.25%, and B grades of ratios are respectively 90.82% and 81.20%.It is indicated above that mention comprehensively
The high white plumage rate grade of Mule duck makes Mule duck group with the main keynote of Quan Baiyu, must select the complete white plumage kind duck through breeding as
Male parent.
1 Mule duck plumage color grade scale of table
2 Mule duck plumage color of table measures situation
Embodiment 2:
Male and female Zhong Ya constructional base group is selected from the M18 female parent productive group that France introduces, and breeds F1 generation core group, choosing
Kind drake 172 only measures with white kind of duck duck reciprocal cross out, and Individual identification offspring's plumage color selects offspring's plumage color white A grades of parent entirely
It drake 42, is returned with M18 duck, breeds F2 for core group kind duck, it is miscellaneous for M18 duck and white kind of duck drake to select 200 F2
It hands over, as a result A-B grades of white plumage rates of (table 1 and table 3) its offspring's Mule duck are up to 96.23%, A-C1The white plumage rate of grade is up to 98.14%；Meanwhile
It selects 200 ducks from unselected M18 female parent productive group to hybridize with a public kind duck, as a result A-B grades of its offspring's Mule duck is white
Plumage rate is 85.87%, offspring's Mule duck A-C1The white plumage rate of grade is 94.65%.
The measurement of 3 M18 female parent offspring's Mule duck plumage color of table
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all equivalent changes done according to scope of the present invention patent with
Modification, is all covered by the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of selection for improving the white plumage rate of Mule duck and grade, it is characterised in that: the method includes as follows:
(1) breeding of White-plumage mule duck paternal line
Egg-laying peak selected from productive group physically well develop, appearance traits meet the female kind duck of complete white plumage of this varietal characteristic and complete
Bai Yugong kinds of duck forms breeding underlying group, sets up family, natural mating, and per stirpes collect hatching of breeding eggs, according to plumage color when hatching
Differentiate and select feathering color Quan Bai and the strong young bird of male and female of the head without stain, puts on family number, form new generation core group；10 week old
Weighing, selection are greater than or equal to community average weight and the individual of Quan Baiyu, reserve seed for planting, continue to cultivate；It is selected to egg-laying peak
Physically well develop out, appearance traits meet the female kind duck of complete white plumage of this varietal characteristic and complete male kind of duck of white plumage forms breeding core group,
Breeding is new from generation to generation；In this way by generation measurement, selection, breeding, circulation is carried out, and by the selection of 3-4 generation, it is uniform to cultivate group
Neatly, offspring's Mule duck White-plumage mule duck that white plumage rate is high entirely, the speed of growth is fast is paternal；
(2) breeding of White-plumage mule duck female parent man duck
It is paternal using the White-plumage mule duck paternal line of step (1) breeding as test first, full sibs pedigree is established in maternal family duck,
It is compared to each other married woman's parent's home's duck individual offspring's Mule duck white plumage rate achievement when hatching, selects pressure request by 20-30%, married woman's parent's home duck selects and remain it
Married woman's parent's home duck of the white plumage rate marks sequencing of offspring's Mule duck in preceding 20-30% is individual, and state duck then selects and remain its full sibs sister offspring half
Kind duck be averaged white plumage rate marks sequencing preceding 20-30% state's duck individual；The male and female duck selected and remain avoids close-inbreeding, and pedigree is incubated
Change procreation from generation to generation, carries out 2-3 from generation to generation by generation measurement, selection, breeding, circulation；When the 3-4 generation, married woman's parent's home duck still uses above-mentioned
Method individual is reserved seed for planting；State duck is then selected using reciprocal cross method, i.e., using state duck and white kind of duck reciprocal cross, Individual identification offspring half
Kind duck plumage color, filters out state's duck individual of offspring's Mule duck plumage color white rate entirely, and the married woman's parent's home duck composition selected and remain with the same generation is maternal
Core group is produced for White-plumage mule duck.
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| CN109169508A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-01-11 | 武定县彝峰壮鸡开发有限公司 | A method of cultivating Wudingzhuang chicken |
| CN109757435A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-05-17 | 重庆市畜牧科学院 | A kind of paternal selection improving meat goose breed system reproductive performance |
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| CN105284733A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-03 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | Breeding method for white-feather intergenerically hybridized duck female parent |
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| CN105284733A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-03 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | Breeding method for white-feather intergenerically hybridized duck female parent |
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