CN108522421B - Seed production method of three-line matched black feather black skin green shell laying hens - Google Patents
Seed production method of three-line matched black feather black skin green shell laying hens Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seed production method of a three-line matched black feather black skin green shell laying hen, which comprises the following steps: through direct introduction, basic groups of old black chicken JY, Dongxiang green-shell laying chicken LK and Luhua chicken LH are constructed, group subculture breeding is carried out, and a plurality of generations are established according to 300-day-old body weight of the cock and 300-day-old egg yield of the hen; adopting a pure breeding method to carry out individual selection and family selection on the three pure lines; and (3) determining a matched combination JY x (LK multiplied by LH) to produce the high-quality dual-purpose black-feather black-skin green-shell laying hens which have five-black appearance characteristics and good overall production performance and can lay green-shell eggs. The black feather black skin green shell laying hens produced by the method are combined in a three-line matching way, the appearance of the formed hens is ideal, diseases are completely purified, and the production performance is excellent; the new green-shell layer chicken strain with consistent appearance and stable performance can be accurately selected, the egg and meat of the green-shell layer chicken can be used simultaneously, and the market demand in southwest regions can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of poultry breeding, and particularly relates to a seed production method of a three-line matched black feather black skin green shell laying hen.
Background
The local characteristic laying hens in China utilize the bloody cut of local varieties, the appearance characteristics of commodity generations are improved and the production performance is improved through systematic breeding and cultivation, the rejected hens can be used as meat due to delicious meat, the traditional habit that consumers in China eat old hen soup is met, and the overall economic value is improved. With the improvement of people's lives, the consumption of eggs has diversified demands. As a new egg product, the green-shell egg has unique appearance, low cholesterol and fat content, and rich trace elements and amino acids, can meet the requirements of new types and high nutrition of high-end markets, and has wide market prospect. At present, green-shell laying hens have fewer mature varieties, low stock quantity, low egg laying performance and poor meat performance. The genetic resources of the green-shell laying hens are fully explored and utilized, the egg laying performance of the green-shell laying hens is improved, and the potential meat performance of the green-shell laying hens is fully exerted. Therefore, intensive research and development work needs to be carried out on the matched breeding of the green-shell laying hens.
The black chickens in the old institute belong to a special local variety in Wanyuan City of Sichuan province, namely, black skin, black feather, bean crown and black shank, and have a green shell egg rate of about 20 percent in natural groups, but the annual egg yield is low. Dongxiang green-shell laying hens are red-crowned and black-feathered and are famous for laying green-shell eggs, but have small weight, white skin color and poor meat performance. The Luhua chicken is a black and healthy laying hen maternal line introduced in Hungarian, has large body weight and white skin color, produces brown shell eggs, has the most basic appearance characteristic of horizontal spot feathers, is accompanied and inherited by feathers, and has better egg laying performance and meat performance.
As a unique precious poultry species in China, the development and utilization degree of old black chickens and Dongxiang green-shell laying hens is low. The old black chicken and the Dongxiang green shell layer chicken are respectively used as single varieties to produce the green shell layer chicken, which respectively have the defects of low green shell egg rate and poor performance of obsolete chicken, and the provenance can not be controlled. In addition, Luhua chickens, although producing high egg yields, cannot produce green shell eggs. Therefore, by utilizing the advantages of the materials, the Dongxiang green-shell laying hen cock and the Luhua hen are hybridized, the male and female parents can be distinguished, the hybrid vigor is good, and the egg laying performance of the hybridized hen is greatly improved; further adopting the old black chicken as a terminal male parent to mate with the hybrid offspring of the Dongxiang green shell laying hens and the Luhua chickens, wherein the obtained commercial generation can fully utilize the advantages of high growth and development speed, good meat quality and dark skin color of the terminal male parent, the cocks are produced as commercial broilers, and the hens are sold as high-quality chickens after the egg laying is finished.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a breeding method of black feather black skin green shell laying hens which are matched with three lines, and the method can be used for breeding green shell laying hens which have ideal characteristics of black feather, black skin, black crown, black shin, black meat and green shell egg production, uniform appearance, excellent meat and egg combination and good production performance.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention discloses a three-line matching black feather black skin green shell laying hen breeding method, which comprises the following steps: through direct introduction, basic groups of old black chicken JY, Dongxiang green-shell laying chicken LK and Luhua chicken LH are constructed, group subculture breeding is carried out, and a plurality of generations are established according to 300-day-old body weight of the cock and 300-day-old egg yield of the hen; adopting a pure breeding method to carry out individual selection and family selection on the three pure lines; and (3) determining a matched combination JY x (LK multiplied by LH) to produce the high-quality dual-purpose black-feather black-skin green-shell laying hens which have five-black appearance characteristics and good overall production performance and can lay green-shell eggs.
Optionally, the method specifically includes the following steps:
(1) constructing basic groups of black chickens in the old courtyard, green-shell laying hens in the east-rural area and Luhua chickens: taking an old black chicken JY line, an east-rural green-shell laying chicken LK line and a Hungary black-kang laying chicken maternal reed flower chicken LH line as zero generations, feeding in a single cage, performing artificial insemination, selectively establishing a first-generation core group, performing group successive transfer breeding, and respectively finishing the breeding of 2 generations according to the weight of a cock at 300 days and the egg yield of the hen at 300 days;
(2) selecting individuals and families of the three pure lines by adopting a pure breeding method, selecting appearance characteristics and 300-day-old egg laying amount of female-line male parent green-shell laying hens, and considering 300-day-old body weight; the egg yield of the maternal parent Luhua chicken is selected to be 300 days old; selecting the weight of 120-day-old black chickens and 300-day-old black chickens of the terminal male parent old institute and the semen quality of the cocks; for the egg yield with low fecundity, family selection is adopted, and for the weight with high heritability, individual selection is adopted;
(3) according to the characteristic that the character of the green-shell egg is autosomal dominant inheritance, detecting the JY-line population of the old black-shell egg by adopting a molecular marker technology (a primer composition for identifying the genotype of the green-shell egg chicken and an application thereof, with the application number of 201510194180.6 and the application date of 2015-04-22), selecting and reserving the positive homozygous genotype of the green-shell egg, and further screening the observation of the egg-laying color of the hen to obtain the population with the green-shell egg rate of 100 percent of the old black-shell egg JY-line;
(4) performing two-line hybridization by taking an LK line of Dongxiang green-shell laying hens as a maternal male parent and taking an LH line of Luhua chickens as a maternal female parent to obtain an LL mating line, wherein the mating line can realize self-sexing of feather color of chicks;
(5) and (3) taking the JY line of the old black chicken as a terminal male parent and the LL mating line obtained in the step (4) as a female parent to obtain a three-line mating hybrid combination, and producing the high-quality black-feather black-skin green-shell laying chicken which has the appearance characteristic of 'five black' and is good in overall production performance and capable of producing green-shell eggs.
Optionally, the method further comprises: each line of Salmonella and avian leukemia was decontaminated prior to the triple cross.
Optionally, the appearance characteristics of the five blacks are specifically: black feather, black skin, black crown, black shin and black meat, and eggs laid by commercial generations are green shells.
Optionally, the weight standard of 300-day-old cocks in the step (1) is 2.8kg, and the egg yield standard of 300-day-old hens is that the average egg yield is 78 or more.
Optionally, the selection criteria of the maternal male parent green-shell laying hens in the step (2) for mainly selecting the appearance characteristics and the egg yield of 300 days old and considering the appearance characteristics in the weight of 300 days old are as follows: the body is strong, the crown is red, large and upright, the feather is black and has strong glossiness, and the sickle feather develops well; the standard of the egg yield of 300-day-old hens is that the average egg yield of 300-day-old hens of the same family is over 78, and the standard of the body weight of 300-day-old hens is 2.2-2.6 kg.
Optionally, the standard of 300-day-old egg production in the 300-day-old egg production of the maternal parent Luhua chicken in the step (2) is that the day-old egg production is 80 or more.
Optionally, the terminal male parent old yard black chickens in the step (2) are selected to have weights of 120 days old and 300 days old, and the quality of cock semen specifically is as follows: 2.0kg at 120 days of age and 2.8kg at 300 days of age; the quality of the cock semen requires that the single-time semen collection amount is more than 0.5mL, the cock semen is milky white and thick, the pH is about 7-8, the density is 30-50 hundred million/mL, and the vitality is more than 0.7.
Optionally, the high-quality dual-purpose black feather black skin green shell laying hen hens produce green shell eggs before 300 days of age, and the green shell eggs are sold as high-quality chickens after 300 days of age in the market, so that egg and meat dual-purpose is realized; the cock can be sold as high-quality broiler chicken at the age of 120 days.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can obtain the following technical effects:
1) the black feather black skin green shell laying hens produced by the method are combined in a three-line matching way, the appearance of the formed hens is ideal, diseases are completely purified, and the production performance is excellent; the invention adopts individual selection and family selection methods, and can accurately select the new green-shell layer chicken strain with consistent appearance and stable performance;
2) the invention takes a green-shell laying hen LK line as a maternal line male parent and an old black chicken JY line as a terminal male parent, so that the commercial generation has ideal appearance characteristics of black feather, black skin, black crown, black shin, black meat and a clear and beautiful body type, and produces the green-shell egg. Meanwhile, the high-yield performance of the maternal parent Luhua chicken LH line hen is fully exerted, so that the overall production performance of the commercial generation is good.
3) The black feather black skin green shell laying hen produced by the method can be sold as a local special laying hen after the laying rate of the hen is reduced at 300 days old, and the good meat performance of the hen can meet the market demand; and the egg yield of 300 days old is about 100, and the eggs are all green shells and are suitable for producing organic eggs. Therefore, the invention has important significance for meeting the production and consumption requirements of the dual-purpose black feather and black skin green shell laying hens.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described technical effects simultaneously.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a three-line matching combination diagram of a hybrid offspring LL hen and a terminal male parent old-house black hen (JY) which take an Luhua Hen (LH) as a female parent and an Dongxiang green-shell laying hen (LK) as a female parent in a maternal line;
FIG. 2 is an appearance characteristic diagram of a three-line combination JY x (LK x LH) according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of green-shell eggs laid by a three-line commercial combination JY X (LK x LH) commercial generation black-feather black-skin green-shell laying hen according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a skin color chart of black feather, black skin and green shell layer chicken in the embodiment of the invention, which meets the requirement that commercial generations are black skin.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that how to implement the technical features of the present invention to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented.
The invention provides a seed production method of a three-line matched black feather black skin green shell laying hen, which comprises the following steps as shown in figure 1:
(1) constructing basic groups of black chickens in the old courtyard, green-shell laying hens in the east-rural area and Luhua chickens: taking an old black chicken JY line, an east-rural green-shell laying chicken LK line and a Hungary black-kang laying chicken maternal reed flower chicken LH line as zero generations, feeding in a single cage, performing artificial insemination, and selecting and establishing a generation core group; carrying out group subculture breeding, and respectively completing the breeding of 2 generations according to the weight of 300-day-old cocks (the weight is 2.8kg) and the egg yield of 300-day-old hens (the average egg yield is more than 78).
(2) And selecting individuals and families of the three pure lines by adopting a pure breeding method. The maternal male parent green-shell laying hens mainly select the appearance characteristics and the egg yield of 300 days old and give consideration to the weight of 300 days old; wherein, the selection standard of the appearance characteristics is as follows: the body is strong, the crown is red, large and upright, the feather is black and has strong glossiness, and the sickle feather develops well; the standard of the egg yield of 300-day-old hens is that the average egg yield of 300-day-old hens of the same family is over 78, and the standard of the weight of 300-day-old hens is 2.2-2.6 kg;
the egg yield of the maternal parent Luhua chicken is selected to be 300 days old; wherein the standard of the egg yield of 300 days old is that the egg yield of the day old is more than 80;
selecting the weight of 120-day-old black chickens and 300-day-old black chickens of the terminal male parent old institute and the semen quality of the cocks; wherein, the body weight is 2.0kg at 120 days of age and 2.8kg at 300 days of age; the quality of the cock semen requires that the single-time semen collection amount is more than 0.5mL, the cock semen is milky white and thick, the pH is about 7-8, the density is 30-50 hundred million/mL, and the vitality is more than 0.7; for egg production with low fertility, family selection is adopted, and for body weight with high heritability, individual selection is adopted.
(3) Through the characteristic of dominant inheritance of green-shell egg characters, a molecular marker technology (a primer composition for identifying the genotype of green-shell laying hens and application thereof, application number is 201510194180.6, application date is 2015-04-22) is adopted to detect the JY system of the black chicken in the old house, a positive homozygous individual of the green-shell egg is selected and retained, and a group with the green-shell egg rate of 100 percent of the JY system of the black chicken in the old house is obtained through further screening by observing the egg shell color of the hen.
(4) Purifying various strains of salmonella and chicken leukemia.
(5) Performing two-line hybridization by using an LK line of Dongxiang green-shell laying hens as a maternal parent and using an LH line of Luhua chickens as a maternal parent to obtain an LL mating line, wherein the mating line can realize self-sexing of feather color of chicks;
(6) taking the old black chicken JY line as a terminal male parent, taking the LL mating line obtained in the step 4) as a female parent, obtaining a three-line mating hybridization combination, and producing the high-quality black feather black skin green shell laying chicken which has the appearance characteristics of 'five black' (black feather, black skin, black crown, black shin and black meat), meets the appearance requirements of local special laying chicken in the southwest region (shown in figures 2 and 4), has good overall production performance and can produce green shell eggs (shown in figure 3).
The skin colors of the LK line, the LH line and the LL matching line of the green shell laying hens are all white, and the black feather black skin green shell laying hens are led into the blood margin of the JY line of the old black chicken, so that the black feather black skin green shell laying hens have ideal characteristics of black feather, black skin, black crown, black shin, black meat and green shell egg laying, and the egg laying performance, the egg quality and the slaughtering performance are good.
The commercial hen with black feather, black skin and green shell eggs produced by the invention can be sold on the market as a high-quality hen at the age of 300 days, thereby realizing the dual-purpose of meat and eggs.
The product performance index of the commercial hen of the mating line is measured, and the result is as follows:
TABLE 1 appearance characteristics
TABLE 2 growth and egg laying Properties
TABLE 342W BODY-SCALE PROPERTIES AND slaughter Performance
TABLE 4 skin tone and skin tone
| L* | a* | b* | |
| Skin tone | 59.77±3.96 | 1.62±1.04 | 5.86±3.01 |
| Flesh color of pectoral muscle | 56.11±4.40 | 3.00±1.25 | 6.85±1.62 |
| Flesh color of leg | 45.52±2.50 | 12.66±3.47 | 7.19±1.42 |
As can be seen from tables 1 to 4, the commercial hen of the black-feather black-skin green-shell laying hen is a black single-crown, black-skin, black-meat, black-shin and black-feather laying hen, has a small body shape, has appearance characteristics meeting the market requirements in the southwest region, and produces green-shell eggs meeting the expected achievements. And the production performance indexes such as weight, reproductive performance, egg quality, slaughtering performance and the like are all excellent, and the dual-purpose of meat and eggs can be realized. Therefore, the invention can provide better reference information for breeding the green-shell laying hens.
While the foregoing description shows and describes several preferred embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood, as noted above, that the invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments and is capable of use in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and is capable of changes within the scope of the inventive concept as expressed herein, commensurate with the above teachings, or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A three-line mating black feather black skin green shell laying hen breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps: through direct introduction, basic groups of old black chicken JY, Dongxiang green-shell laying chicken LK and Luhua chicken LH are constructed, group subculture breeding is carried out, and a plurality of generations are established according to 300-day-old body weight of the cock and 300-day-old egg yield of the hen; adopting a pure breeding method to carry out individual selection and family selection on the three pure lines; determining a matched combination JY x (LK multiplied by LH) to produce high-quality dual-purpose black-feather black-skin green-shell laying hens which have five-black appearance characteristics and good overall production performance and can lay green-shell eggs;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) constructing basic groups of black chickens in the old courtyard, green-shell laying hens in the east-rural area and Luhua chickens: taking an old black chicken JY line, an east-rural green-shell laying chicken LK line and a Hungary black-kang laying chicken maternal reed flower chicken LH line as zero generations, feeding in a single cage, performing artificial insemination, selectively establishing a first-generation core group, performing group successive transfer breeding, and respectively finishing the breeding of 2 generations according to the weight of a cock at 300 days and the egg yield of the hen at 300 days;
(2) selecting individuals and families of the three pure lines by adopting a pure breeding method, selecting appearance characteristics and 300-day-old egg laying amount of female-line male parent green-shell laying hens, and considering 300-day-old body weight; the egg yield of the maternal parent Luhua chicken is selected to be 300 days old; the terminal male parent selects the weight of 120 days old and 300 days old and the sperm quality of the cock; for the egg yield with low fecundity, family selection is adopted, and for the weight with high heritability, individual selection is adopted;
(3) according to the characteristic that the green-shell egg character is autosomal dominant inheritance, a molecular marker technology is adopted to detect the JY-line population of the old-house black chicken, a positive homozygous genotype of the green-shell egg is selected and retained, and the population with the green-shell egg rate of 100% of the old-house black chicken JY line is obtained by further screening the egg-laying shell color of the hens; the molecular marking technology adopts a primer composition for identifying the genotype of the green-shell laying hens and application thereof, and the application number is 201510194180.6, and the application date is 2015-04-22;
(4) performing two-line hybridization by taking an LK line of Dongxiang green-shell laying hens as a maternal male parent and taking an LH line of Luhua chickens as a maternal female parent to obtain an LL mating line, wherein the mating line can realize self-sexing of feather color of chicks;
(5) and (3) taking the JY line of the old black chicken as a terminal male parent and the LL mating line obtained in the step (4) as a female parent to obtain a three-line mating hybrid combination, and producing the high-quality black-feather black-skin green-shell laying chicken which has the appearance characteristic of 'five black' and is good in overall production performance and capable of producing green-shell eggs.
2. The method for seed production according to claim 1, further comprising: each line of Salmonella and avian leukemia was decontaminated prior to the triple cross.
3. The seed production method according to claim 1, wherein the appearance characteristics of the wuhei are specifically: black feather, black skin, black crown, black shin and black meat, and eggs laid by commercial generations are green shells.
4. The method for producing seeds according to claim 1, wherein the weight standard of 300-day-old cocks in step (1) is 2.8kg, and the egg yield standard of 300-day-old hens is an average egg yield of 78 or more.
5. The seed production method according to claim 1, wherein the selection criteria in the step (2) for the dominant selection of the appearance characteristics and the egg production of 300-day-old female parent green-shell laying hens and the weight of 300-day-old female parent green-shell laying hens are as follows: the body is strong, the crown is red, large and upright, the feather is black and has strong glossiness, and the sickle feather develops well; the standard of the egg yield of 300-day-old hens is that the average egg yield of 300-day-old hens of the same family is over 78, and the standard of the body weight of 300-day-old hens is 2.2-2.6 kg.
6. The method for producing seeds according to claim 1, wherein the standard of 300-day-old egg production in the 300-day-old egg production of the maternal parent Luhua chicken in step (2) is 80 or more eggs-day-old.
7. The seed production method according to claim 1, wherein the terminal male parent old house black chickens in the step (2) are selected from 120-day-old black chickens and 300-day-old black chickens, and the quality of cock semen specifically comprises: 2.0kg at 120 days of age and 2.8kg at 300 days of age; the quality of the cock semen requires that the single-time semen collection amount is more than 0.5mL, the cock semen is milky white and thick, the pH is about 7-8, the density is 30-50 hundred million/mL, and the vitality is more than 0.7.
8. The method for producing the seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high-quality dual-purpose black feather black skin green shell laying hen hens produce green shell eggs before 300 days of age, and the green shell eggs are sold as high-quality chickens after 300 days of age, so that egg and meat dual-purpose is realized; the cock is sold as a high-quality broiler chicken at the age of 120 days.
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| CN109169516B (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2021-07-06 | 扬州大学实验农牧场 | Method for cultivating high-resistance grain-saving high-quality laying hens |
| CN109819938A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-31 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of producing method for seed of high yield oiliness yolk laying hen breed system and its application |
| CN113273544A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-20 | 福州市农业科学研究所 | Crossbreeding method for green-shell laying hens |
| CN113575515A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-02 | 山东农业大学 | Langya chicken germplasm resource protection, development and utilization method |
| CN115226674B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2023-03-28 | 贵州省畜禽遗传资源管理站 | Hybrid seed production method of Mayu deep-shin green-shell Yaoshan chicken |
| CN114946761B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2023-03-03 | 贵州省畜牧兽医研究所 | Hybrid strain production method of shallow-feather and shallow-shank green-shell Yaoshan chicken |
| CN116058325A (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2023-05-05 | 长顺天农绿壳蛋鸡实业有限公司 | Breeding method for long-smooth green shell egg and chicken egg dual-purpose type |
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| CN103975898B (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2016-01-20 | 四川省畜牧科学研究院 | The breeding method of layer of green-shell egg pure lines |
| CN104830843A (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2015-08-12 | 四川农业大学 | Primer composition for discriminating green-shelled-egg chicken genotype and use thereof |
| CN105875497A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-08-24 | 扬州翔龙禽业发展有限公司 | Grain-saving black-feather green-shell laying hen breeding method |
| CN106135132A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-11-23 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of breeding method of horizontal speckle plumage automatic sexing local characteristic laying hen breed system |
| CN106234307B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2019-03-12 | 湖南文妹子现代农业科技生态园有限公司 | The breeding method of the black plumage Gallus domesticlus brisson of green-egg-shelled |
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