CN104885999B - The selection of precious jade bluish dogbane chicken - Google Patents
The selection of precious jade bluish dogbane chicken Download PDFInfo
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- CN104885999B CN104885999B CN201510258384.1A CN201510258384A CN104885999B CN 104885999 B CN104885999 B CN 104885999B CN 201510258384 A CN201510258384 A CN 201510258384A CN 104885999 B CN104885999 B CN 104885999B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of selection of precious jade bluish dogbane chicken, it is characterised in that comprises the following steps：（1）Select father and mother system breeder；（2）Underlying group breeder is established into pure lines and family；（3）It is sheerly the identification of family underlying group breeder；（4）The breeder that gets off will be selected and remain to establish core group and build family, produce family of new generation；（5）Breeder for generations is produced with the family breeder of new generation of step 4, Parent stock is produced with breeder for generations, commercial generation baby chick is produced with Parent stock, obtains precious jade bluish dogbane chicken new lines.The precious jade bluish dogbane chicken of seed selection of the present invention has that feather color is basically identical, cock outward appearance plumage color it is red-black it is yellow match, purity 100%；The dark brown numb plumage cloth of hen outward appearance is red, purity more than 95%, 66 week old hen feeding day egg numbers more than 140, fertility rate of hatching egg more than 90%；120 more than 2100 grams of age in days cocks, more than 1600 grams of hen, Body Weight Variation coefficient is below 10%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the selection of poultry new varieties, particularly Nandan County, Guangxi precious jade chicken and the Hui ethnic group of Weining, Guizhou Yi nationality, distributed over Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou seedling
The selection of autonomous county of race chicken hybrid new breed.
Background technology
Precious jade chicken is Animal Genetic Resources in China will-local varieties, and Guangxi is referred to as Nandan precious jade chicken, is mainly distributed on Guangxi
The Nandan County Yao nationality occupies residence, and due to the factor of geographical environment, Guizhou Province some areas are also distributed.Precious jade chicken mainly originates in cloud
The middle extremely frigid zones of your plateau edge, 800 meters or so of sea level on the average, the big mountain area of day and night temperature, form cold resistance and
Adaptability compared with it is strong, subcutaneous fat is few, the one's best quality of the solid fresh alcohol of meat.But due to its long-term traditional raising among the people, lack
The artificially breeding of weary system, body weight is not of uniform size, it has been observed that the individual of mature rooster body weight maximum reaches 2.55 kilograms, minimum
Only 1.7 kilograms or so of whose body weight, the maximum individual of adult hen body weight reaches 2.2 kilograms, minimum whose body weight only 1.1
Kilogram or so；Egg laying performance is seriously uneven, and statistics is shown, the tidemark that individual year lays eggs reaches 145, and most
Only 40 or so low (producing 2~3 nest eggs per year)；Feather color is different, including yellow plumage, black plumage, Bai Yu, numb plumage, irregular reed catkins
Plumage and other various variegated plumages；Pin shin color is a variety of, including black, cyan, mung bean color, brown, white, has plenty of two or more
Color mixes.It can be seen that the unsuitable progress scale of the precious jade chicken without seed selection and industrialization production, raising breeder and commercial broiler
Economic benefit is all poor.Therefore, the seed selection of precious jade chicken new lines is imperative.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of selection of precious jade bluish dogbane chicken, the precious jade bluish dogbane chicken of this method seed selection has feather
Color is basically identical, the red-black yellow matching of cock outward appearance plumage color, purity 100%；The dark brown numb plumage cloth of hen outward appearance is red, purity 95%
More than, 66 week old hen feeding day egg numbers more than 140, fertility rate of hatching egg more than 90%；120 2100 grams of age in days cocks with
Upper, more than 1600 grams of hen, Body Weight Variation coefficient is below 10%.
What the present invention was realized in：
A kind of selection of precious jade bluish dogbane chicken, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) the more than 15 week old Nandan County, Guangxi precious jade cocks with character to be selected are selected and mate what is drawn with Nandan County, Guangxi hen
Colony, the hen in colony is rejected, selects and is individually raised and train as first generation paternal line underlying group kind with precious jade bluish dogbane plumage color cock
Chicken；Select autonomous county of Miao ethnic group of the Hui ethnic group of the Weining, Guizhou Yi nationality, distributed over Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou cock with character to be selected and match somebody with somebody what is drawn with the hybridization of Nandan precious jade chicken hen
Colony, the cock in colony is rejected, and hen is individually raised and train as the maternal underlying group breeder of the first generation, expanding propagation underlying group kind
The quantity of chicken.
(2) underlying group breeder is established into pure lines and family, each family presses 1：10-15 male and female ratio assembles, using same
Female different male wheel is matched somebody with somebody 1-2 times, and more than 40 familys are formed into a pure lines.
(3) identification of family underlying group breeder is sheerly, Growth Traits performance, production to being sheerly family underlying group breeder
Egg character performance and epidemic disease character performance are identified；Select and remain breeder and use independent culling method, this is provided to the character of institute's seed selection
Generation selective goal, to reach setting as judgment basis, it is determined that staying for kind male and female chicken is naughty.
(4) breeder that gets off will be selected and remain to establish core group and build family, produces family of new generation.
(5) breeder for generations is produced with the family breeder of new generation of step 4, and performance is carried out according to step 3 to breeder for generations
Identification；Parent stock is produced with breeder for generations, and Performance Testing is carried out according to step 3 to Parent stock；Planted in generation with father and mother
Chicken produces commercial generation baby chick, obtains precious jade bluish dogbane chicken new lines.
Above-described breeder Growth Traits Performance Testing is identification pure lines underlying group kind growth and development of chickens, build,
Body weight, macroscopic features character, eliminating has the non-compliant chicken of genetic defect, macroscopic features；
Above-described breeder macroscopic features character is that cock build is medium on the upper side, and wattle large red, ear leaf is red, chest
Plumage, saddle feather and comb plumage are red, and a small number of red to deep yellow, the big long and curved red of sickle plumage, main tail feather black, primaries is most red,
A small number of black plumages inlay yellow sides, pin shin light black, partly there is a shin plumage, and the long thickness of shin is moderate.
Hen build is medium on the lower side, and wattle ear leaf is red, and chest plumage is pale red gradually light white to belly from shirtfront, and part is deep yellow extremely
Belly is gradually light white, combs the V-shaped alternate decorative pattern of the black Huang of plumage, main tail feather and primaries red or dark brown, the numb color chips of remaining body feathers palm fibre
There is a white line in longitudinal direction among plumage, pin shin light black, partly there is shin plumage, shin is short tiny, skin white.
Chick fine hair has red or unbutton or divest one's upper garment colour band extends to back until root of the tail from head deeply, and it is white that back is longitudinally formed three red two
There is the black fine hair of small pieces at strip velvety band, rear canthus.
It is very obvious that its macroscopic features is castrated or do not castrated to precious jade bluish dogbane cock chicken no matter, well received.Precious jade bluish dogbane cock chicken
Shin length is more slightly shorter than former precious jade chicken, and hen shin length is enclosed relatively shorter and smaller with shin.
Above-described breeder egg-laying deseription Performance Testing is identification pure lines underlying group breeder egg laying performance, Egg Quality, is planted
Fertility rate of egg, individual egg production.
Above-described breeder egg laying performance identifies that laying eggs to record by individual determines hen using 32 week old egg laying performances
The quality that individual is laid eggs, reach identification and require；If hen is laid eggs peak shortly past or do not cross and also have higher laying rate, use is less
Hatching egg acquisition time and batch breeding it is of future generation, then meet seed selection standard.
Above-described breeder epidemic disease character Performance Testing is the requirement purified according to kind of white diarrhea and leukaemia, to breeder
Dysentery characterized by white mucous stool and leukaemia carry out positive detection with eliminating, and being disappeared using strict hen house, hatching egg, hatchery and incubation equipment
Poison, it is ensured that the health of breeder flock.
The prominent substantive distinguishing features of the present invention and significant progress are：
1st, new lines-precious jade bluish dogbane chicken that the present invention cultivates, first with Nandan County, Guangxi precious jade chicken and the Hui ethnic group of Weining, Guizhou Yi nationality, distributed over Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou seedling
Autonomous county of race chicken is that breeding material is bred as precious jade bluish dogbane chicken, precious jade bluish dogbane cock chicken outward appearance body feathers it is dark red it is yellow match substantially with former precious jade chicken
Difference, the appearance of other numb chickens also have significant difference, and the country there are no open source literature report, belong to domestic initiation.
2nd, the present invention selects property to be selected from the chicken of Nandan County, Guangxi precious jade chicken and autonomous county of Miao ethnic group of the Hui ethnic group of the Weining, Guizhou Yi nationality, distributed over Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou
The chicken of shape, carrying out homotype point to chicken group by hybridizing the breeder for importing precious jade chicken and expanding numerous acquisition character to be selected, after the numerous group of breeder expansion is,
Dependency relation according to the genetic development of character and with other characters, seed selection respectively is carried out, eliminates the gene of bad character, from
And the basic homozygous pure lines of character gene to be selected are obtained, pure lines form a complete set of to form new lines, are adopted in native chicken breed seed selection
With the technology, the country there are no open source literature report, and technology application occupies domestically leading level.
3rd, strain breeding is carried out to the Local Chicken Breeds for laying eggs few, laid eggs early stage identification technology using hen, in the short time
The egg laying performance of hen is determined, it is determined that the breeder selected and remain, and there are enough hatching eggs to incubate breeding breeder of future generation for staying.The precious jade of incubation
The week old egg number of bluish dogbane chicken 66 improves more than 40% than former breeding material.Retrieved through national consolation organization, in addition to the applicant,
The country there are no other open source literature reports that hen egg laying performance early stage identification technology is applied to native chicken breed election effects
Road, technological innovation occupy domestically leading level.
4th, the precious jade bluish dogbane chicken of seed selection of the present invention has following advantage：Cock body feathers color is red-black to match, and tail feathers is long and curved, and appearance is special
Sign is obvious, dazzlingly beautiful, and the dark brown numb plumage face cloth of hen body feathers color appearance is red, and shin is short tiny, and profile is exquisite delicate and pretty；Commercial broiler
Subcutaneous fat is few, and thin skin meat is thick, and chicken flavor is strong；Chick, chicken and big chicken premunition are strong, and survival rate is high, good evenness.Precious jade is red
Numb chicken is popular, and either poultry specialist or the broiler chicken consumer group appreciate very much.
5th, precious jade bluish dogbane chicken feather color of the invention is basically identical；The red-black yellow matching of cock outward appearance plumage color, purity 100%；
The dark brown numb plumage cloth of hen outward appearance is red, purity more than 95%；66 week old hen feeding day egg numbers more than 140, hatching egg fertilization
Rate more than 90%；120 more than 2100 grams of age in days cocks, more than 1600 grams of hen, Body Weight Variation coefficient is below 10%.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cultivation flow chart of the selection of precious jade bluish dogbane chicken of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) the more than 15 week old Nandan County, Guangxi precious jade cocks with character to be selected are selected and mate what is drawn with Nandan County, Guangxi hen
Colony, the hen in colony is rejected, selects and is individually raised and train as first generation paternal line underlying group kind with precious jade bluish dogbane plumage color cock
Chicken；Select autonomous county of Miao ethnic group of the Hui ethnic group of the Weining, Guizhou Yi nationality, distributed over Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou cock with character to be selected and match somebody with somebody what is drawn with the hybridization of Nandan precious jade chicken hen
Colony, the cock in colony is rejected, and hen is individually raised and train as the maternal underlying group breeder of the first generation, expanding propagation underlying group kind
The quantity of chicken；
(2) underlying group breeder is established into pure lines and family, each family presses 1：10-15 male and female ratio assembles, using same
Female different male wheel is matched somebody with somebody 1-2 times, and more than 40 familys are formed into a pure lines；
(3) identification of family underlying group breeder is sheerly, Growth Traits performance, production to being sheerly family underlying group breeder
Egg character performance and epidemic disease character performance are identified；Select and remain breeder and use independent culling method, this is provided to the character of institute's seed selection
Generation selective goal, to reach setting as judgment basis, it is determined that staying for kind male and female chicken is naughty；
(4) breeder that gets off will be selected and remain to establish core group and build family, produces family of new generation；
(5) breeder for generations is produced with the family breeder of new generation of step 4, and performance is carried out according to step 3 to breeder for generations
Identification；Parent stock is produced with breeder for generations, and Performance Testing is carried out according to step 3 to Parent stock；Planted in generation with father and mother
Chicken produces commercial generation baby chick, obtains precious jade bluish dogbane chicken new lines.
Table 1：Precious jade bluish dogbane chicken commercial broiler growth performance and feed consumption
Table 2：Precious jade bluish dogbane chicken commercial broiler slaughter determining situation
| Determine item | It is public | It is female |
| Age in days | 120 | 121 |
| Slaughter quantity (only) | 30 | 30 |
| Slaughter weight (kilogram) | 2151±193 | 1655±145 |
| Dressing percentage (%) | 93.29±2.12 | 92.30±3.41 |
| Half net thorax rate (%) | 83.54±2.52 | 77.68±2.85 |
| Complete net thorax rate (%) | 64.83±2.12 | 61.91±3.53 |
| Chest muscle rate (%) | 17.78±2.06 | 19.7±1.33 |
| Leg flesh rate (%) | 24.56±2.12 | 21.64±1.57 |
| Abdominal muscle rate (%) | 0 | 4.40±0.72 |
| Testis weight (gram/only) | 15.9±3.19 | 0 |
| Carry on the back stratum corneum lipids (mm) | 1.22±0.20 | 1.94±0.24 |
As can be seen from Table 2, the chest muscle rate of precious jade bluish dogbane cock chicken is less than hen, and leg flesh rate is apparently higher than hen, cock
Chest muscle is not plentiful enough, and leg flesh is more flourishing, and the chest muscle of hen is plentiful.Cock does not have abdominal fat, the back stratum corneum lipids of male and female chicken
It is very thin, hence it is evident that tool is not in kind elsewhere.During seed selection precious jade bluish dogbane chicken, chest leg flesh is not included in the character of seed selection,
Keep the breast-thigh yields of original kind.
Table 3：Precious jade bluish dogbane chicken father and mother are for chicken production performance standard
| Project | Production performance |
| 0-2 week old survival rate (%) | 93-98 |
| 20-66 week old survival rate (%) | 92-95 |
| 20 week old hen body weight (gram) | 1250-1460 |
| 300 age in days hen body weight (gram) | 1750-1970 |
| 50% lays eggs week old (week) | 26-27 |
| Peak laying rate (%) | 75-79 |
| Enter to give up chicken (HH) egg number (individual) | 160.4 |
| Feeding day (HD) egg number (individual) | 166.0 |
| 300 age in days average egg weights (gram) | 45.0 |
| Hatchable egg rate (%) | 91-94 |
| Fertility rate of hatching egg (%) | 92-97 |
| Enter incubation incubation rate (%) | 83-85 |
| 0-2 week old feed consumption rates (kilogram) | 7.0-8.0 |
| Laying period daily ingestion amount (gram) | 98-114 |
| 21-66 week old feed consumption rates (kilogram) | 33.0-35.0 |
Claims (1)
1. a kind of selection of precious jade bluish dogbane chicken, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）The more than 15 week old Nandan County, Guangxi precious jade cocks with character to be selected are selected to mate with Nandan County, Guangxi hen the group drawn
Body, the hen in colony is rejected, selects and is individually raised and train as first generation paternal line underlying group breeder with precious jade bluish dogbane plumage color cock；
The Guizhou Sui Autonomous County of Sandu cock with character to be selected is selected with the hybridization of Nandan precious jade chicken hen with the colony drawn, by colony
In cock reject, hen individually raised and train as the maternal underlying group breeder of the first generation, the quantity of expanding propagation underlying group breeder；
（2）Underlying group breeder is established into pure lines and family, each family presses 1：10-15 male and female ratio assembles, using with female different
Hero wheel is matched somebody with somebody 1-2 times, and more than 40 familys are formed into a pure lines；
（3）The identification of family underlying group breeder is sheerly, Growth Traits performance, egg productivity to being sheerly family underlying group breeder
Shape performance and epidemic disease character performance are identified；Select and remain breeder and use independent culling method, this generation is provided to the character of institute's seed selection
Selective goal, to reach setting as judgment basis, it is determined that staying for kind male and female chicken is naughty；
（4）The breeder that gets off will be selected and remain to establish core group and build family, produce family of new generation；
（5）Breeder for generations is produced with the family breeder of new generation of step 4, and Performance Testing is carried out according to step 3 to breeder for generations；
Parent stock is produced with breeder for generations, and Performance Testing is carried out according to step 3 to Parent stock；Produced with Parent stock
Commercial generation baby chick, obtain precious jade bluish dogbane chicken new lines；
Described breeder Growth Traits Performance Testing is identification pure lines underlying group kind growth and development of chickens, build, body weight, appearance
Characteristic trait, eliminating has the non-compliant chicken of genetic defect, macroscopic features；
Described breeder macroscopic features character is that cock build is medium on the upper side, and wattle large red, ear leaf is red, chest plumage, saddle feather
Red with comb plumage, a small number of red to deep yellow, the big long and curved red of sickle plumage, main tail feather black, primaries is most red, a small number of black plumages
Inlay yellow side, pin shin light black partly has a shin plumage, and the long thickness of shin is moderate；
Hen build is medium on the lower side, and wattle ear leaf is red, and chest plumage is pale red gradually light white to belly from shirtfront, and part is deep yellow to belly
Gradually light white, comb black Huang of plumage be in the alternate decorative pattern of V shapes, main tail feather and primaries red or dark brown, in the brown numb color chips plumage of remaining body feathers
Between have a white line in longitudinal direction, pin shin light black, partly there is shin plumage, shin is short tiny, skin white；
Chick fine hair has black or dark brown band to extend to back until root of the tail from head, and back is longitudinally formed three black two informal vouchers shapes
There is the black fine hair of small pieces at fine hair band, rear canthus；
Described breeder egg-laying deseription Performance Testing is sheerly underlying group breeder egg laying performance, Egg Quality to identify, fertility rate of hatching egg,
Individual egg production；
Described breeder egg laying performance identifies that laying eggs to record by individual determines that hen individual is laid eggs using 32 week old egg laying performances
Quality, reach identification require；If hen is laid eggs peak shortly past or do not cross and also have higher laying rate, received with less hatching egg
Collect the time and batch breeding is of future generation, then meet seed selection standard；
Described breeder epidemic disease character Performance Testing is the requirement purified according to kind of white diarrhea and leukaemia, dysentery characterized by white mucous stool to breeder and
Leukaemia carries out positive detection with eliminating, and using the sterilization of strict hen house, hatching egg, hatchery and incubation equipment, it is ensured that kind
The health of chicken group.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109105338A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2019-01-01 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of producing method for seed of red plumage white shell egg chicken breed system |
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| CN105707007A (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-06-29 | 北京市华都峪口禽业有限责任公司 | Method for selecting low-laying-rate hen in feeding process of cage culture laying hens |
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| CN109197765A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2019-01-15 | 贵州省畜牧兽医研究所 | A kind of breeding method of precious jade pheasant |
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| CN104885999A (en) | 2015-09-09 |
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