CN105284733A - Breeding method for white-feather intergenerically hybridized duck female parent - Google Patents
Breeding method for white-feather intergenerically hybridized duck female parent Download PDFInfo
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- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 366
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008774 maternal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 106
- 241001379910 Ephemera danica Species 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000272522 Anas Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008303 genetic mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010187 selection method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 241001331845 Equus asinus x caballus Species 0.000 description 30
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036750 egg laying performance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009399 inbreeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020997 lean meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002394 ovarian follicle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a breeding method for a white-feather intergenerically hybridized duck female parent. As an intergenerically hybridized feather color genetic mechanism is relatively complex, and selective advance by using a simple offspring phenotype is extremely slow, the invention creates a selecting method. By adopting a female parent offspring measuring method, by virtue of an artificial insemination technology and integrating an individual selection method and a family selection method, enclosed breeding and offspring production are performed for seed selection of about 5 generations, so that the white feather rate (the white feather area reaches over 95%) of intergenerically hybridized offsprings is significantly improved, and the genetic stability is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological technical field, particularly relate to the maternal selection of a kind of white plumage intergeneric cross duck.
Background technology
Duck intergeneric cross offspring has obvious hybrid vigour and does not lose the advantage of parents, and its fine and tender taste, lean meat percentage are high is suitable for production and processing.But the plumage look of offspring is mixed and disorderly, without the white plumage biparental progeny of seed selection, average white plumage rate (white plumage area is more than 95%), lower than 40%, causes its plumage to be worth serious reduction.Find in production, the half sibs offspring plumage chromatic variation of the same white plumage drake of duck intergeneric cross is very big, and offspring's plumage look heredity of full sibs or half sibs white plumage duck is relatively stable.Illustrate that the plumage look maternal effect of duck intergeneric cross offspring is comparatively large, therefore, the selection setting up a kind of efficient Hybrid Duck plumage look female parent is significant for the economic worth improving duck intergeneric cross offspring.
The seed selection of bird plumage look is one of emphasis of bird breeding work always, and such as chicken is according to automatical sexing on feather color, and the bird of many landrace is classified according to outward appearance and plumage look.The main choice direction of meat duck plumage look is that entire body is pure white, because white feather and the down raw material that to be Eider down processing industry indispensable, added value is high, improves the benefit of cultivation and processing greatly.
Because maternal seed selection difficulty is larger, China is the white plumage female parent line of successful incubation Hybrid Duck not yet, if correct selection efficiently can be set up, the white plumage rate of first familiar generation significantly improves and reaches the standard of the market demand, duck industry import charges will be greatly reduced, meet the active demand in market, culture benefit significantly increases.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide the maternal selection of a kind of white plumage intergeneric cross duck.
Method provided by the invention, comprises the steps:
1)-A, do not belong to white plumage drake seminal fluid together to many 0 from generation to generation white plumage duck inseminations, collect hatching of breeding eggs and obtain duck group, be denoted as 0 filial generation duck from generation to generation; By white plumage area rating scale to described 0 from generation to generation filial generation duck carry out classification, choose from 0 from generation to generation filial generation duck the classification of plumage look be all A level and/or B level 0 from generation to generation filial generation duck corresponding described 0 from generation to generation white plumage duck be 0 hybridize from generation to generation and use maternal duck; The white plumage drake of full sibs of choosing with the classification of plumage look that to be all the 0 white plumage duck that from generation to generation filial generation duck is corresponding of A level be is 0 hybridize from generation to generation and use maternal drake;
Described white plumage area rating scale is as follows:
If duck body surface white feather area percentage is 98%-100%, then duck plumage look is classified as A level;
If duck body surface white feather area percentage is 95%-98%, and is not 98%, then duck plumage look is classified as B level;
If duck body surface white feather area percentage is 60%-95%, and is not 95%, then duck plumage look is classified as C level;
If duck body surface white feather area percentage is 0-60%, and is not 60%, then duck plumage look is classified as D level;
1)-B, described 0 from generation to generation hybridization hybridize from generation to generation with maternal duck and described 0 and matches with maternal drake, produce and obtain white plumage duck group, be denoted as 1 plumage duck female parent underlying group in vain from generation to generation;
2)-A, do not belong to white plumage drake seminal fluid together to the duck insemination in many described 1 from generation to generation maternal underlying groups of white plumage duck, collect hatching of breeding eggs and obtain duck group, be denoted as 1 filial generation duck from generation to generation; By white plumage area rating scale to described 1 from generation to generation filial generation duck carry out classification, choose from described 1 from generation to generation white plumage duck underlying group the classification of plumage look be all A level and/or B level described 1 from generation to generation filial generation duck corresponding described 1 from generation to generation white plumage duck be 1 hybridize from generation to generation and use maternal duck; The white plumage drake of full sibs of choosing with the classification of plumage look from described 1 from generation to generation white plumage duck underlying group that be all the 1 white plumage duck that filial generation duck is corresponding from generation to generation of A level be is hybridized 1 generation to use maternal drake;
2)-B, described 1 from generation to generation hybridization hybridize from generation to generation with maternal duck and described 1 and matches with maternal drake, produce and obtain white plumage duck group, be denoted as 2 plumage duck female parent underlying groups in vain from generation to generation;
3)-A, white plumage drake seminal fluid is not belonged to together to the duck insemination in many described 2 from generation to generation maternal underlying group of white plumage duck, collect hatching of breeding eggs and obtain 2 from generation to generation filial generation ducks, by white plumage area rating scale to described 2 from generation to generation filial generation duck carry out classification, choose from the described 2 from generation to generation maternal underlying groups of white plumage duck meet following a) and b) two conditions 2 white plumage duck is denoted as from generation to generation is that maternal duck is used in 2 hybridization from generation to generation: a) the 2 filial generation duck plumage look classifications from generation to generation of 2 white plumage ducks are from generation to generation all A level and/or B level, b) 2 from generation to generation white plumage duck be same father and with female white plumage duck of full sibs, the white plumage drake of full sibs of choosing with the classification of plumage look from the described 2 from generation to generation maternal underlying groups of white plumage duck that be all 2 white plumage ducks that filial generation duck is corresponding from generation to generation of A level be, hybridizes from generation to generation as 2 and uses maternal drake,
3)-B, described 2 from generation to generation hybridization hybridizes from generation to generation with maternal duck and described 2 and match with maternal drake, produce and obtain white plumage duck group, be denoted as 3 plumage duck female parent underlying groups in vain from generation to generation;
4)-A, do not belong to white plumage drake seminal fluid together to the duck insemination in many described 3 from generation to generation maternal underlying groups of white plumage duck, collect hatching of breeding eggs duck group, be denoted as 3 filial generation ducks from generation to generation; By white plumage area rating scale to described 3 from generation to generation filial generation duck carry out classification, choose from the described 3 from generation to generation maternal underlying groups of white plumage duck meet following a) and b) two conditions 3 from generation to generation white plumage duck be denoted as maternal duck is used in 3 hybridization from generation to generation: a) the 33 filial generation duck plumage look classifications from generation to generation that white plumage duck produces from generation to generation be all A level and/or B level, b) 3 from generation to generation white plumage duck be same father and the white plumage duck of full sibs with mother; The white plumage drake of full sibs of choosing with the classification of plumage look from the described 3 from generation to generation maternal underlying groups of white plumage duck that be all 3 white plumage ducks that filial generation duck is corresponding from generation to generation of A level be, hybridizes from generation to generation as 3 and uses maternal drake;
4)-B, described 3 from generation to generation hybridization hybridizes from generation to generation with maternal duck and described 3 and match with maternal drake, produce and obtain white plumage duck group, be denoted as 4 plumage duck female parent underlying groups in vain from generation to generation;
5)-A, do not belong to white plumage drake seminal fluid together to the duck insemination in many described 4 from generation to generation maternal underlying groups of white plumage duck, collect hatching of breeding eggs and obtain duck group, be denoted as 4 filial generation ducks from generation to generation; By white plumage area rating scale to described 4 from generation to generation filial generation duck carry out classification, choose from the described 4 from generation to generation maternal underlying groups of white plumage duck meet following a) and b) two conditions 4 from generation to generation white plumage duck be denoted as maternal duck is used in 4 hybridization from generation to generation: a) the 44 filial generation duck plumage look classifications from generation to generation that white plumage duck produces from generation to generation be all A level and/or B level, b) 4 from generation to generation white plumage duck be same father and the white plumage duck of full sibs with mother; The white plumage drake of full sibs of choosing with the classification of plumage look from the described 4 from generation to generation maternal underlying groups of white plumage duck that be all 4 white plumage ducks that filial generation duck is corresponding from generation to generation of A level be, hybridizes from generation to generation as 4 and uses maternal drake;
5)-B, described 4 from generation to generation hybridization hybridizes from generation to generation with maternal duck and described 4 and match with maternal drake, produce and obtain white plumage duck group, be denoted as 5 white plumage duck female parent underlying groups from generation to generation, be white plumage intergeneric cross duck female parent.
In said method, described white plumage drake seminal fluid is at least 10 white plumage drake seminal fluid mixed liquors;
Described many for being more than or equal to 200.
In said method, described apolegamy is that 1:5 carries out according to the individual ratio of male and female, and the individual consanguinity-less relation of male and female.
In said method, described white plumage duck is Beijing duck;
It is described that to belong to white plumage drake together be Beijing duck;
It is described that not belong to white plumage drake together be kind duck.
The maternal application in the white plumage intergeneric cross duck of preparation of the white plumage intergeneric cross duck that above-mentioned method obtains also is the saturated scope of the present invention.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method preparing white plumage intergeneric cross duck.
Method provided by the invention, comprises the steps: that the maternal duck of white plumage intergeneric cross duck above-mentioned method obtained hybridizes with the white plumage duck male parent drake do not belonged to together, obtains white plumage intergeneric cross duck, and have parents' advantage concurrently.
In said method, described female parent is Beijing duck duck;
Described white plumage duck male parent is a kind duck drake.
Above-mentioned all breedings are all non-close relatives, and female parent is a colony, male parent Ye Shiyige colony, and the female parent individuality choosing non-close relative is bred with male parent individuality.
Because intergeneric cross plumage look genetic mechanism is comparatively complicated, simple offspring's Phenotypic Selection is adopted to be in progress extremely slow, such as: the duck that dwells genus kind duck drake and river duck belong to family duck duck and hybridize, its river duck belongs to the lasting seed selection that family duck female parent adopts the selection of traditional phenotype to need more than 9 generations, and the white plumage rate of its offspring just can bring up to more than 90%.Innovation choice method of the present invention, adopt the method for maternal progeny testing, use technology of artificial insemination, comprehensive individual choice, families selecting method, locking is bred, multiply from generation to generation, through the seed selection of about 5 generations, the white plumage rate of intergeneric cross offspring (white plumage area is more than 95%) can be made to significantly improve, and genetic stability is good.
Experiment of the present invention proves, the present invention has following advantage:
(1) the plumage look maternal effect of duck intergeneric cross offspring is comparatively large, for acquisition white feather and down are main F-1 hybrids, must continue its female parent line of seed selection.Carry out a large amount of progeny testings to its female parent, adopt the method that individual, families selecting combines, F1 generation of selecting and remain, based on the female parent individuality of white feather and down and family, expands numerous production.
(2) set up F1 generation plumage look rank scores standard, simplify the classification of F1 generation plumage look proterties, be more conducive to statistical computation.
(3) because duck intergeneric cross mode adopts natural mating fertilization rate lower, adopt technology of artificial insemination, fertility rate of hatching egg brings up to more than 80% by 40% of natural mating, significantly increases the individual amount of progeny testing.
(4) individual choice and families selecting respectively have its pluses and minuses, and therefore to the system of selection that female parent adopts (family full-sibs, family half sibs) to combine, shorten the seed selection cycle greatly, F1 generation white plumage rate improves extremely remarkable.
(5) 0,1 adopts maternal individual choice method from generation to generation.Because 0, the 1 maternal individual amount that F1 generation white plumage rate is higher is from generation to generation few, therefore adopt the method for maternal individual choice, the rate of reserving seed for planting is 10%, and it is variegated female parent individuality that rapid screening eliminates filial generation plumage look, greatly improve seed selection effect, for further seed selection is laid a good foundation.
(6) the maternal individual choice accuracy high still seed selection cycle is long, after the first two adopts the method for maternal individual choice to obtain underlying group from generation to generation, for improving the white plumage rate of F1 generation further, shortening the seed selection cycle, simultaneously in order to obtain stable heritability, 2,3,4 use families selecting method instead from generation to generation, the rate of reserving seed for planting of family is set as 20%.Families selecting is suitable for the lower proterties of heritability, while selecting plumage look, also can take into account egg laying performance, and the reproductive performance of the maternal duck of white plumage also improves gradually.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is white plumage intergeneric cross duck female parent selection flow chart.
Embodiment
The experimental technique used in following embodiment if no special instructions, is conventional method.
Material used in following embodiment, reagent etc., if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
A following embodiment kind duck drake is white feather.
Consanguinity-less relation within the white plumage drake matched in following embodiment, white plumage duck three generations, avoids inbreeding.
Fig. 1 is white plumage intergeneric cross duck female parent selection flow chart.
Embodiment 1, the maternal selection of white plumage intergeneric cross duck
One, the maternal seed selection of white plumage intergeneric cross duck
1, maternal seed selection is used in 0 Beijing duck hybridization from generation to generation
1) 0 Beijing duck male and female duck selection from generation to generation
Select in July, 2011 240 Beijing duck ducks (this is from numerous) as 0 generation underlying group, every Beijing duck duck is raised separately and measures in cage in numbered laying eggs, adopt test-tube method, make 0 Beijing duck duck ovarian follicle fertilization from generation to generation: twice weekly, the public kind duck of each collection 20 grams of Li Mobai plumages (square company provides by Jilin) seminal fluid, average every only public kind duck can collect the seminal fluid of about 2ml, physiological saline 1:1 dilutes, and makes mixed semen in the centrifuge tube being mixed in 4 10ml at random.Collect and the kind egg of the every only 0 Beijing duck duck from generation to generation of mark by number.According to numbering mark by each only 0 from generation to generation the kind egg of Beijing duck duck load in same mesh bag and hatch, plant egg and hatch in two batches, often criticizing kind of an egg acquisition time is 14 days.In October, 2011, hatching obtained offspring's Mule duck, average every only 0 Beijing duck duck hatching from generation to generation obtains 11 offspring's Mule duck, carries out classification (see table 1) by white plumage area rating scale to all the progeny's Mule duck group (be denoted as 0 from generation to generation filial generation duck).
Table 1 is Interspecific Hybrids white feather area classification standards of grading
Result is as follows: 240 0 from generation to generation Beijing duck duck hatches the ratio that the offspring's Mule duck plumage look obtained is classified as A level is 30.89%, the ratio that plumage look is classified as B level is 7.34%, the ratio that plumage look is classified as C level is 43.79%, and the ratio that plumage look is classified as D level is 17.99% (individual choice white plumage classification ratio is in table 2).
From 0 from generation to generation filial generation duck, choose totally 56 the 0 Beijing duck ducks from generation to generation that the classification of offspring's Mule duck plumage look be all A level and/or B level correspondence, called after 0 is hybridized from generation to generation and is used maternal duck; Drake is selected by the method for full sibs, from 0 from generation to generation filial generation duck, choose the full sibs drake totally 14 that the classification of offspring's Mule duck plumage look is all the Beijing duck duck of A level, and called after 0 from generation to generation hybridization uses maternal drake.The male and female duck selected is hybridized the maternal core group of special Beijing duck from generation to generation as 0.
2) acquisition 1 Beijing duck underlying group is from generation to generation matched
By above-mentioned 1) select 0 from generation to generation the maternal core group of hybridization Beijing duck be that 1:5 matches according to male and female ratio, produce and obtain 1 Beijing duck underlying group from generation to generation.
2, the 1 maternal seed selection of Beijing duck from generation to generation
1) 1 Beijing duck male and female duck selection from generation to generation
In July, 2012 is to above-mentioned 1) 1 401 duck artificial insemination Bai Yugong kind of duck seminal fluid mixed liquor from generation to generation in Beijing duck underlying group of obtaining, method is 1 identical with above-mentioned, in October, 2012, hatching obtained 1 generation progeny Mule duck, average every only 1 Beijing duck duck hatching from generation to generation obtains 9 offspring's Mule duck, carries out classification by white plumage area ranking method to all the progeny's Mule duck group (be denoted as 1 from generation to generation filial generation duck).
Result is as follows: 401 1 from generation to generation Beijing duck duck hatches the ratio that the offspring's Mule duck plumage look obtained is classified as A level is 59.25%, the ratio that plumage look is classified as B level is 11.09%, the ratio that 4 plumage looks are classified as C level is 26.92%, and the ratio that plumage look is classified as D level is 2.74% (individual choice white plumage classification ratio is in table 2).
From 1 from generation to generation filial generation duck, choose totally 115 the 1 Beijing duck ducks from generation to generation that 1 generation progeny Mule duck plumage look classification be all A level and/or B level correspondence, called after 1 is hybridized from generation to generation and is used maternal duck; Drake is selected by the method for full sibs, from 1 from generation to generation filial generation duck, choose the full sibs drake totally 25 that 1 generation progeny Mule duck plumage look classification is all the Beijing duck duck of A level, and called after 1 from generation to generation hybridization uses maternal drake.The male and female duck selected is hybridized the maternal core group of special Beijing duck from generation to generation as 1.
2) acquisition 2 Beijing duck underlying group is from generation to generation matched
By above-mentioned 1) choose 1 from generation to generation the maternal core group of hybridization Beijing duck be that 1:5 matches according to male and female ratio, produce and obtain 2 Beijing duck underlying groups from generation to generation.
3, the 2 maternal seed selections of Beijing duck from generation to generation
1) 2 Beijing duck male and female duck selections from generation to generation
In June, 2013 is to above-mentioned 2) 2 368 duck artificial insemination Bai Yugong kind of duck seminal fluid mixed liquors from generation to generation in Beijing duck underlying groups of obtaining, method is 1 identical with above-mentioned, in September, 2013, hatching obtained 2 generation progeny Mule duck, average every only 2 Beijing duck duck hatchings from generation to generation obtain 11 offspring's Mule duck, carry out classification by white plumage area ranking method to all the progeny's Mule duck group (be denoted as 2 from generation to generation filial generation duck).
Result is as follows: 368 2 from generation to generation Beijing duck duck hatches the ratio that the offspring's Mule duck plumage look obtained is classified as A level is 88.95%, the ratio that plumage look is classified as B level is 5.42%, the ratio that plumage look is classified as C level is 5.21%, and the ratio that plumage look is classified as D level is 0.42% (individual choice white plumage classification ratio is in table 2).
Totally 304 the 2 Beijing duck ducks from generation to generation meeting following a) and b) two conditions are chosen from 2 from generation to generation filial generation duck, called after 2 from generation to generation hybridization uses maternal duck: a) offspring's Mule duck plumage look classification of 2 Beijing duck ducks from generation to generation be all A level and/or B level, b) 2 from generation to generation Beijing duck duck be same father and the full sibs Beijing duck duck with mother; Drake is selected by the method for full sibs, from 2 from generation to generation filial generation duck, choose the full sibs drake totally 38 that 2 generation progeny Mule duck plumage look classifications are all the Beijing duck duck of A level, and called after 2 from generation to generation hybridization uses maternal drake.The male and female duck selected is hybridized the maternal core group of special Beijing duck from generation to generation as 2.
2) acquisition 3 Beijing duck underlying group is from generation to generation matched
By above-mentioned 1) choose 2 to hybridize from generation to generation the maternal core group of special Beijing duck be that 1:5 matches according to male and female ratio, produce and obtain 3 Beijing duck underlying groups from generation to generation.
4, the 3 maternal seed selections of Beijing duck from generation to generation
1) 3 Beijing duck male and female duck selections from generation to generation
In March, 2014 is to 644 the duck artificial insemination Bai Yugong kind of duck seminal fluid mixed liquor in the above-mentioned 33 generation Beijing duck underlying groups obtained, method is 1 identical with above-mentioned, in June, 2014, hatching obtained 3 generation progeny Mule duck, the Beijing duck duck hatching from generation to generation of average each family 3 obtains 31 offspring's Mule duck, carries out classification by white plumage area ranking method to all the progeny's Mule duck group (be denoted as 3 from generation to generation filial generation duck).
Result is as follows: 644 3 from generation to generation Beijing duck duck hatches the ratio that the offspring's Mule duck plumage look obtained is classified as A level is 85.05%, the ratio that plumage look is classified as B level is 1.61%, the ratio that plumage look is classified as C level is 11.44%, and the ratio that plumage look is classified as D level is 1.89% (individual choice white plumage classification ratio is in table 2).
Totally 278 the 3 Beijing duck ducks from generation to generation meeting following a) and b) two conditions are chosen from 3 from generation to generation filial generation duck, called after 3 from generation to generation hybridization uses maternal duck: a) offspring's Mule duck plumage look classification of 3 Beijing duck ducks from generation to generation be all A level and/or B level, b) 3 from generation to generation Beijing duck duck be same father and the full sibs Beijing duck duck with mother; Drake is selected by the method for full sibs, from 3 from generation to generation filial generation duck, choose the full sibs drake totally 31 that 3 generation progeny Mule duck plumage look classifications are all the Beijing duck duck of A level, and called after 3 from generation to generation hybridization uses maternal drake.The male and female duck selected is hybridized special Beijing duck core group from generation to generation as 3.
2) acquisition 4 Beijing duck underlying group is from generation to generation matched
By above-mentioned 1) choose 3 to hybridize from generation to generation the maternal core group of special Beijing duck be that 1:5 matches according to male and female ratio, produce and obtain 4 Beijing duck underlying groups from generation to generation.
5, the 4 maternal seed selections of Beijing duck from generation to generation
1) 4 Beijing duck male and female duck selections from generation to generation
In February, 2015 is to 310 ducks inseminations Bai Yugong kind of duck seminal fluid mixed liquor in the above-mentioned 44 generation Beijing duck underlying groups obtained, method is 1 identical with above-mentioned, in May, 2015, hatching obtained 4 generation progeny Mule duck, the Beijing duck duck hatching from generation to generation of average each family 4 obtains 32 offspring's Mule duck, carries out classification by white plumage area ranking method to all the progeny's Mule duck group (be denoted as 4 from generation to generation filial generation duck).
Result is as follows: 310 4 from generation to generation Beijing duck duck hatches the ratio that the filial generation Mule duck plumage look obtained is classified as A level is 94.25%, the ratio that plumage look is classified as B level is 4.8%, the ratio that plumage look is classified as C level is 0.89%, and the ratio that plumage look is classified as D level is 0.06% (individual choice white plumage classification ratio is in table 2).
Totally 110 the 4 Beijing duck ducks from generation to generation meeting following a) and b) two conditions are chosen from 4 from generation to generation filial generation duck, called after 4 from generation to generation hybridization uses maternal duck: a) offspring's Mule duck plumage look classification of 4 Beijing duck ducks from generation to generation be all A level and/or B level, b) 4 from generation to generation Beijing duck duck be same father and the full sibs Beijing duck duck with mother; Drake is selected by the method for full sibs, from 4 from generation to generation filial generation duck, choose the full sibs drake totally 20 that 4 generation progeny Mule duck plumage look classifications are all the Beijing duck duck of A level, and called after 4 from generation to generation hybridization uses maternal drake.The male and female duck selected is hybridized special Beijing duck core group from generation to generation as 4.
2) acquisition 4 Beijing duck underlying group is from generation to generation matched
By above-mentioned 1) choose 4 to hybridize from generation to generation the maternal core group of special Beijing duck be that 1:5 matches according to male and female ratio, produce and obtain white plumage duck group, be denoted as 5 maternal underlying groups of white plumage duck from generation to generation, be white plumage intergeneric cross duck maternal.
Plumage colour gradation ratio in each generation above-mentioned of adding up is as shown in table 2,
Table 2 is each generation plumage colour gradation ratio (%)
Can find out, innovation choice method of the present invention, adopts the method for maternal progeny testing, use technology of artificial insemination, comprehensive individual choice, families selecting method, locking is bred, multiply from generation to generation, through the seed selection of about 5 generations, white plumage intergeneric cross duck can be obtained maternal.
Two, the qualification of white plumage intergeneric cross duck female parent
Duck in the maternal underlying group of 5 generation white plumage duck obtained above-mentioned hybridizes with the white plumage drake of kind duck do not belonged to together, and the white plumage offspring ratio of generation can reach more than 95%, and genetic stability is good.
Claims (7)
1. the maternal selection of white plumage intergeneric cross duck, comprises the steps:
1)-A, do not belong to white plumage drake seminal fluid together to many 0 from generation to generation white plumage duck inseminations, collect hatching of breeding eggs and obtain duck group, be denoted as 0 filial generation duck from generation to generation; By white plumage area rating scale to described 0 from generation to generation filial generation duck carry out classification, choose the classification of plumage look be all A level and/or B level 0 from generation to generation filial generation duck corresponding described 0 from generation to generation white plumage duck be 0 hybridize from generation to generation and use maternal duck; The white plumage drake of full sibs of choosing with the classification of plumage look that to be all the 0 white plumage duck that from generation to generation filial generation duck is corresponding of A level be is 0 hybridize from generation to generation and use maternal drake;
Described white plumage area rating scale is as follows:
If duck body surface white feather area percentage is 98%-100%, then duck plumage look is classified as A level;
If duck body surface white feather area percentage is 95%-98%, and is not 98%, then duck plumage look is classified as B level;
If duck body surface white feather area percentage is 60%-95%, and is not 95%, then duck plumage look is classified as C level;
If duck body surface white feather area percentage is 0-60%, and is not 60%, then duck plumage look is classified as D level;
1)-B, described 0 from generation to generation hybridization hybridize from generation to generation with maternal duck and described 0 and matches with maternal drake, produce and obtain white plumage duck group, be denoted as 1 plumage duck female parent underlying group in vain from generation to generation;
2)-A, do not belong to white plumage drake seminal fluid together to the duck insemination in many described 1 from generation to generation maternal underlying groups of white plumage duck, collect hatching of breeding eggs and obtain duck group, be denoted as 1 filial generation duck from generation to generation; By white plumage area rating scale to described 1 from generation to generation filial generation duck carry out classification, choose from described 1 from generation to generation white plumage duck underlying group the classification of plumage look be all A level and/or B level described 1 from generation to generation filial generation duck corresponding described 1 from generation to generation white plumage duck be 1 hybridize from generation to generation and use maternal duck; The white plumage drake of full sibs of choosing with the classification of plumage look from described 1 from generation to generation white plumage duck underlying group that be all the 1 white plumage duck that filial generation duck is corresponding from generation to generation of A level be is hybridized 1 generation to use maternal drake;
2)-B, described 1 from generation to generation hybridization hybridize from generation to generation with maternal duck and described 1 and matches with maternal drake, produce and obtain white plumage duck group, be denoted as 2 plumage duck female parent underlying groups in vain from generation to generation;
3)-A, white plumage drake seminal fluid is not belonged to together to the duck insemination in many described 2 from generation to generation maternal underlying group of white plumage duck, collect hatching of breeding eggs and obtain 2 from generation to generation filial generation ducks, by white plumage area rating scale to described 2 from generation to generation filial generation duck carry out classification, choose from the described 2 from generation to generation maternal underlying groups of white plumage duck meet following a) and b) two conditions 2 white plumage duck is denoted as from generation to generation is that maternal duck is used in 2 hybridization from generation to generation: a) the 2 filial generation duck plumage look classifications from generation to generation of 2 white plumage ducks are from generation to generation all A level and/or B level, b) 2 from generation to generation white plumage duck be same father and with female white plumage duck of full sibs, the white plumage drake of full sibs of choosing with the classification of plumage look from the described 2 from generation to generation maternal underlying groups of white plumage duck that be all 2 white plumage ducks that filial generation duck is corresponding from generation to generation of A level be, hybridizes from generation to generation as 2 and uses maternal drake,
3)-B, described 2 from generation to generation hybridization hybridizes from generation to generation with maternal duck and described 2 and match with maternal drake, produce and obtain white plumage duck group, be denoted as 3 plumage duck female parent underlying groups in vain from generation to generation;
4)-A, do not belong to white plumage drake seminal fluid together to the duck insemination in many described 3 from generation to generation maternal underlying groups of white plumage duck, collect hatching of breeding eggs duck group, be denoted as 3 filial generation ducks from generation to generation; By white plumage area rating scale to described 3 from generation to generation filial generation duck carry out classification, choose from the described 3 from generation to generation maternal underlying groups of white plumage duck meet following a) and b) two conditions 3 from generation to generation white plumage duck be denoted as maternal duck is used in 3 hybridization from generation to generation: a) the 33 filial generation duck plumage look classifications from generation to generation that white plumage duck produces from generation to generation be all A level and/or B level, b) 3 from generation to generation white plumage duck be same father and the white plumage duck of full sibs with mother; The white plumage drake of full sibs of choosing with the classification of plumage look from the described 3 from generation to generation maternal underlying groups of white plumage duck that be all 3 white plumage ducks that filial generation duck is corresponding from generation to generation of A level be, hybridizes from generation to generation as 3 and uses maternal drake;
4)-B, described 3 from generation to generation hybridization hybridizes from generation to generation with maternal duck and described 3 and match with maternal drake, produce and obtain white plumage duck group, be denoted as 4 plumage duck female parent underlying groups in vain from generation to generation;
5)-A, do not belong to white plumage drake seminal fluid together to the duck insemination in many described 4 from generation to generation maternal underlying groups of white plumage duck, collect hatching of breeding eggs and obtain duck group, be denoted as 4 filial generation ducks from generation to generation; By white plumage area rating scale to described 4 from generation to generation filial generation duck carry out classification, choose from the described 4 from generation to generation maternal underlying groups of white plumage duck meet following a) and b) two conditions 4 from generation to generation white plumage duck be denoted as maternal duck is used in 4 hybridization from generation to generation: a) the 44 filial generation duck plumage look classifications from generation to generation that white plumage duck produces from generation to generation be all A level and/or B level, b) 4 from generation to generation white plumage duck be same father and the white plumage duck of full sibs with mother; The white plumage drake of full sibs of choosing with the classification of plumage look from the described 4 from generation to generation maternal underlying groups of white plumage duck that be all 4 white plumage ducks that filial generation duck is corresponding from generation to generation of A level be, hybridizes from generation to generation as 4 and uses maternal drake;
5)-B, described 4 from generation to generation hybridization hybridizes from generation to generation with maternal duck and described 4 and match with maternal drake, produce and obtain white plumage duck group, be denoted as 5 white plumage duck female parent underlying groups from generation to generation, be white plumage intergeneric cross duck female parent.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described white plumage drake seminal fluid is at least 10 white plumage drake seminal fluid mixed liquors;
Described many for being more than or equal to 200.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that:
Described apolegamy is that 1:5 carries out according to the individual ratio of male and female, and the individual consanguinity-less relation of male and female.
4., according to described method arbitrary in claim 1-3, it is characterized in that:
Described white plumage duck is Beijing duck;
It is described that to belong to white plumage drake together be Beijing duck;
It is described that not belong to white plumage drake together be kind duck.
5. the white plumage intergeneric cross duck female parent that the arbitrary described method of claim 1-4 obtains is preparing the application in white plumage intergeneric cross duck.
6. prepare a method for white plumage intergeneric cross duck, comprise the steps: that the white plumage intergeneric cross duck duck by arbitrary for claim 1-4 described method obtains hybridizes with the white plumage duck male parent drake do not belonged to together, obtain white plumage intergeneric cross duck.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that:
Described female parent is Beijing duck duck;
Described white plumage duck male parent is a kind duck drake.
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| CN113679376A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-23 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | Poultry keel bending detection method and poultry bone quality breeding method |
| CN113679376B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2024-05-07 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | Poultry keel bending detection method and poultry bone quality breeding method |
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