CN104041333B - A kind of golden pear seedling grow method - Google Patents
A kind of golden pear seedling grow method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104041333B CN104041333B CN201410245239.5A CN201410245239A CN104041333B CN 104041333 B CN104041333 B CN 104041333B CN 201410245239 A CN201410245239 A CN 201410245239A CN 104041333 B CN104041333 B CN 104041333B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to fruit-bearing forest seedling growing process field, especially a kind of golden pear seedling grow method, golden pear kind and new century are ploughed and carries out half engrafting and cultivating and plant, concrete operation step comprises construction of base, base manure prepares, the plantation new century ploughs sapling, choose golden pear as scion grafting, cultivate nursery stock and management, cultivated by the homophyletic of new century pear sapling and golden pear sapling, two planting fruit-trees seedlings are made to be grown on a strain plant, improve pollination probability, improve the good harvest rate of golden pear sapling, contrast by experiment, than the plantation good harvest rate of the golden pear sapling of traditional plantation, every strain improves 30%, there is significant economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fruit-bearing forest seedling growing process field, especially a kind of golden pear seedling grow method.
Background technology
Pears and pear tree have abundant nutritive value and health value, promote the production of body fluid as the operatic circle has, moisturize, heat-clearing, the effect such as to reduce phlegm, be applicable to consumption of body fluid caused by febrile disease polydipsia, diabetes, heat coughed, phlegm heat frightened mad, dysphagic, thirsty aphonia, conjunctival congestion and sore pain, indigestion; The operatic circle leatherware have clear away heart-fire, moistening lung, fall fire, promote the production of body fluid, nourshing kidney, tonifying yin effect; Root, branches and leaves, flower have effect of moistening lung, dissolving phlegm, heat-clearing, removing toxic substances; Pears seed contains lignin, is a kind of soluble fiber, can dissolves in intestines, form the film as colloid, can be combined with cholesterol in intestines and get rid of, and pear contains boron can prevent female osteoporosis.When boron is sufficient, memory, notice, intelligence acuity can improve.
Golden pear, a kind of pears, deciduous tree, props up field in the new varieties of twentieth century cross breeding by sieve state, Korea S's gardening test site, within 1984, names; Fruit is oblate, mean fruit weight 350 grams, and early September is ripe; Ripe fruit in season Beijing opera is green, becomes golden yellow after storage.Pericarp is extremely clean, and during bagging, pericarp becomes golden yellow, transparent shape; Delicate and the succulence of pulp, white, lithocyte is few, and core is very little; Sugar content can reach 14.7% degree; Taste is fresh and sweet, and all fragrance; Unique flavor, quality is splendid; Yi Chenghua generally carries rear the year's harvest and spends visible fruit; Cross pollination, get bumper crops in pole; Praised as " ancestors of all kinds of fruits ".
And for the nursery of golden pear and planting technology comparatively imperfection, make golden pear nursery and planting process comparatively numerous and diverse, nursery and crop cycle long, weeding labour intensity is large, and management cost is high, and the alienation pollination difficulty of golden pear is large simultaneously, in time uneven, cause that fruit bearing rate is low, high yield rate is low; For this reason, this researcher studies from golden pear alienation pollination angle, select the good pollinated variety such as new century, emerald, emerging, large fruit crystal and golden pear kind to carry out autoplastic graft to plant and test, for golden pear nursery cultivating technology provides a kind of new approaches.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem existed in prior art, the invention provides one can by seedling grow process, the golden pear seedling grow method improving the quality of golden pear fruit, improve survival rate of seedling, improve fruit good harvest rate, reduce labour intensity.
Be achieved particular by following technical scheme:
A kind of golden pear seedling grow method, golden pear kind and new century are ploughed and carry out half engrafting and cultivating and plant, concrete operating procedure comprises:
(1) construction of base: plough deeply base 0.9-1m dark, and base is made the furrow of wide 30cm, furrow height 20cm, furrow spacing 10cm, and at the left hand edge of furrow, 5cm place, furrow center is provided with insulating tube, at the right hand edge of furrow, 5cm place, furrow center is provided with sparge pipe, it is 45% that moisture is stamped on furrow upper berth, the content of organic matter is the field mud of 61%, and the thickness of field mud bedding is 2cm, stand-by;
(2) base manure prepares: choose raw material components and weight portion is 2-3 part phosphoamide, 3-4 part ammonium phosphate, 2-3 part potassium hydrogen phosphate, 1-2 part potassium borate, 0.5-0.8 part ammonium borate, 0.1-0.3 part antifungin, 1-2 part zinc sulphate, 1-5 part ammonium carbonate, 1-2 part potash, 5-6 part composite fertilizer, 2-5 part ammonium nitrate, 40-50 part is become thoroughly decomposed poultry manure, 20-30 part pig manure, 10-20 part sheep excrement, 15-25 part cow dung, 60-70 part sucrose stalk, 80-90 part maize straw, 50-60 part straw, 40-50 part rice bran shell, 3-5 part Chinese yam slag, 4-6 part cordate houttuynia, 5-7 part dried orange peel slag, 3-7 part Bark of Eucommia Ulmoides, 1-2 part Radix Astragali, 4-5 part Radix Glycyrrhizae, 2-3 part bighead atractylodes rhizome, 4-6 part curcuma zedoary, 3-7 part root of herbaceous peony, 2-8 part dandelion, its preparation method is, after Chinese yam slag, cordate houttuynia, dried orange peel slag, Bark of Eucommia Ulmoides, the Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, the bighead atractylodes rhizome, curcuma zedoary, the root of herbaceous peony, dandelion are mixed by proportioning, decoct more than 3 times, and after filtering, it is 35% that filter residue dries into water content, break into 90 objects Powdered, and filtrate and powder are mixed with 50 object Chinese medicinal granules according to the proportioning that proportioning is 1:7, preserve stand-by, sucrose stalk, maize straw, straw, rice bran shell are ground into 80 object graininess, and adjust the stalk particle that its moisture is 45%, stand-by, pig manure, sheep excrement, cow dung being dried in the shade to moisture is at normal temperatures after 20%, mixes, and adds by proportioning the poultry manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, mix and obtain ight soil mixture by proportioning, stand-by, after more above-mentioned Chinese medicinal granule, stalk particle, ight soil mixture being mixed, be placed in agitator, be uniformly mixed with the mixing speed of 60r/min, and be uniformly mixed in process, add phosphoamide, ammonium phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium borate, ammonium borate, antifungin, zinc sulphate, ammonium carbonate, potash, composite fertilizer, ammonium nitrate successively by proportioning, after mix and blend 3h, add middle drug filtrate again, addition is 14% of raw material gross weight, after mixing, stand-by,
(3) new century pear sapling is planted: in step 1) on the base set up, dig pit, cheat dark 60-80cm, hole diameter is 25cm, and by step 2) ready base manure fills out hole 30cm, spread 3cm earth, and choose tree crown 13cm, root fibrous root distribution diameter 20cm's is anosis, undamaged new century pear sapling, upright plant in hole in, and cover 25cm with earth, the earth that 4cm is thick is placed around trunk, form pit, adopting step 2 again) 1cm in pit is dark for ready base manure landfill, cover soil compaction again, and adopt moisture to be 41%, the content of organic matter is the field mud covering 2cm of 30%, plantation completes,
(4) golden pear is chosen as scion grafting: in the 2-5 month, the shoot choosing golden pear kind semi-annual semi-lignified, as scion, cuts scion, and is cut into two buds and length is the joint of 5cm, operate on into reverse otch according to bud to inclination, otch can be shown in semi-lignified layer; Tilt to operate on by annual for plantation new century pear sapling forward otch again, and otch can be shown in lignification layer; Again scion cut ends is adopted that 20ppm's be mixed into mixed liquid dipping process 1.5h by NAA solution (naphthalene acid solution) and 90ml water, and scion otch and the otch of new century pear sapling are carried out counterpart and intersect grafting, and adopt plastic film to be wound around according to clockwise direction, grafting interface is made to form " Y " font during winding tree-like, and be wound in the length of 10cm along with trunk, stretch wrap film 4 layers, namely completes grafting;
(5) nursery stock is cultivated: by step 1) insulating tube set up regulates temperature to be 15 DEG C, isothermal holding 10-20 days is carried out to nursery stock, and adopt sparge pipe to spray the mixed liquor be mixed into by heteroauxin solution and 90ml water of 20ppm, within every 5 days, spray once, be sprayed on 3cm place, grafting interface top, carry out the cultivation of grafting nursery stock, obtain the kind strain of golden pear and new century pears one strain one seedling;
(6) manage: conveniently pear sapling cultivating technology manages, and executes step 2 every three months) ready base manure, according to 5kg/ strain, with all around applying fertilizer of distance pear sapling 20cm.
Described raw material components and weight portion thereof are 2.5 parts of phosphoamides, 3.5 parts of ammonium phosphate, 2.5 parts of potassium hydrogen phosphates, 1.5 parts of potassium borates, 0.6 part of ammonium borate, 0.2 part of antifungin, 1.5 parts of zinc sulphate, 3 parts of ammonium carbonates, 1.5 parts of potash, 5.5 parts of composite fertilizers, 3.5 parts of ammonium nitrate, 45 parts of poultry manures that become thoroughly decomposed, 25 parts of pig manures, 15 parts of sheep excrement, 20 parts of cow dungs, 65 parts of sucrose stalks, 85 parts of maize straws, 55 parts of straw, 45 parts of rice bran shells, 4 parts of Chinese yam slags, 5 portions of cordate houttuynias, 6 parts of dried orange peel slags, 5 parts of Bark of Eucommia Ulmoides, 1.5 parts of Radixs Astragali, 4.5 portions of Radix Glycyrrhizaes, 2.5 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizomes, 5 parts of curcuma zedoarys, 5 portions of root of herbaceous peonys, 5 portions of dandelions.
Phosphoamide (CO (NH
2)
2), be commonly called as urea, a large amount of nitrogen elements can be provided for plant, promote the strain leaf growth of plant.
Ammonium phosphate is inorganic compound, soluble in water, is a kind of composite fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus.
Potassium hydrogen phosphate is inorganic compound, soluble in water, and be the one in phosphate, it is easily converted into ammonium phosphate product.
Potassium borate, ammonium borate, antifungin are the one in boron fertilizer, can provide a large amount of boron elements, improve the quality of the plants such as fruit for plant.
Compared with prior art, technique effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1. by carrying out research and analysis to the demand degree of pear sapling nutrient component, and in conjunction with the total characteristic of new century pear sapling and golden pear sapling and cooperative characteristics, suitable proportioning and interpolation are carried out to the trace elements such as phosphoamide, ammonium phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium borate, ammonium borate, antifungin, zinc sulphate, ammonium carbonate, potash, composite fertilizer, ammonium nitrate and the industrial chemical fertilizer of macroelement, and then improve the nutrition shape of golden pear and new century pear sapling, improve mouthfeel and the quality of golden pear fruit; And mince in conjunction with farmyard manure (animal excretion and poultry manure) and powder of straw, improve expense quality standard, decoction process is carried out again in conjunction with Chinese medicine slag and to the internal component content of Chinese medicine slag, and the mode suitably coordinated, the base manure nutrient component of last preparation is made to meet the demand of golden pear sapling, and at the otch carried out in seedling raising process and rooting treatment, and whole furrow, fertilising and management process, improve the survival rate of nursery to greatest extent, by experiment, method of the present invention improves 15% than the survival rate of seedling of traditional golden pear sapling.
2. cultivated by the homophyletic of new century pear sapling and golden pear sapling, two planting fruit-trees seedlings are made to be grown on a strain plant, improve pollination probability, improve the good harvest rate of golden pear sapling, contrast by experiment, than the plantation good harvest rate of the golden pear sapling of traditional plantation, every strain improves 30%, has significant economic benefit.
3. by field mud in field mud in plantation process and whole furrow process with the use of, reduce the weeding rate of traditional cultivation method, reduce labour intensity.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with concrete embodiment, further restriction is done to technical scheme of the present invention, but claimed scope is not only confined to done description.
Embodiment 1
A kind of golden pear seedling grow method, golden pear kind and new century are ploughed and carry out half engrafting and cultivating and plant, concrete operating procedure comprises:
(1) construction of base: plough deeply base 0.9m dark, and base is made the furrow of wide 30cm, furrow height 20cm, furrow spacing 10cm, and at the left hand edge of furrow, 5cm place, furrow center is provided with insulating tube, at the right hand edge of furrow, 5cm place, furrow center is provided with sparge pipe, it is 45% that moisture is stamped on furrow upper berth, the content of organic matter is the field mud of 61%, and the thickness of field mud bedding is 2cm, stand-by;
(2) base manure prepares: choose raw material components and weight portion is 2kg phosphoamide, 3kg ammonium phosphate, 2kg potassium hydrogen phosphate, 1kg potassium borate, 0.5kg ammonium borate, 0.1kg antifungin, 1kg zinc sulphate, 1kg ammonium carbonate, 1kg potash, 5kg composite fertilizer, 2kg ammonium nitrate, 40kg becomes thoroughly decomposed poultry manure, 20kg pig manure, 10kg sheep excrement, 15kg cow dung, 60kg sucrose stalk, 80kg maize straw, 50kg straw, 40kg rice bran shell, 3kg Chinese yam slag, 4kg cordate houttuynia, 5kg dried orange peel slag, 3kg Bark of Eucommia Ulmoides, the 1kg Radix Astragali, 4kg Radix Glycyrrhizae, the 2kg bighead atractylodes rhizome, 4kg curcuma zedoary, the 3kg root of herbaceous peony, 2kg dandelion, its preparation method is, after Chinese yam slag, cordate houttuynia, dried orange peel slag, Bark of Eucommia Ulmoides, the Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, the bighead atractylodes rhizome, curcuma zedoary, the root of herbaceous peony, dandelion are mixed by proportioning, decoct more than 3 times, and after filtering, it is 35% that filter residue dries into water content, break into 90 objects Powdered, and filtrate and powder are mixed with 50 object Chinese medicinal granules according to the proportioning that proportioning is 1:7, preserve stand-by, sucrose stalk, maize straw, straw, rice bran shell are ground into 80 object graininess, and adjust the stalk particle that its moisture is 45%, stand-by, pig manure, sheep excrement, cow dung being dried in the shade to moisture is at normal temperatures after 20%, mixes, and adds by proportioning the poultry manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, mix and obtain ight soil mixture by proportioning, stand-by, after more above-mentioned Chinese medicinal granule, stalk particle, ight soil mixture being mixed, be placed in agitator, be uniformly mixed with the mixing speed of 60r/min, and be uniformly mixed in process, add phosphoamide, ammonium phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium borate, ammonium borate, antifungin, zinc sulphate, ammonium carbonate, potash, composite fertilizer, ammonium nitrate successively by proportioning, after mix and blend 3h, add middle drug filtrate again, addition is 14% of raw material gross weight, after mixing, stand-by,
(3) new century pear sapling is planted: in step 1) on the base set up, dig pit, cheat dark 60cm, hole diameter is 25cm, and by step 2) ready base manure fills out hole 30cm, spread 3cm earth, and choose tree crown 13cm, root fibrous root distribution diameter 20cm's is anosis, undamaged new century pear sapling, upright plant in hole in, and cover 25cm with earth, the earth that 4cm is thick is placed around trunk, form pit, adopting step 2 again) 1cm in pit is dark for ready base manure landfill, cover soil compaction again, and adopt moisture to be 41%, the content of organic matter is the field mud covering 2cm of 30%, plantation completes,
(4) golden pear is chosen as scion grafting: in the 2-5 month, the shoot choosing golden pear kind semi-annual semi-lignified, as scion, cuts scion, and is cut into two buds and length is the joint of 5cm, operate on into reverse otch according to bud to inclination, otch can be shown in semi-lignified layer; Tilt to operate on by annual for plantation new century pear sapling forward otch again, and otch can be shown in lignification layer; Again scion cut ends is adopted that 20ppm's be mixed into mixed liquid dipping process 1.5h by NAA solution (naphthalene acid solution) and 90ml water, and scion otch and the otch of new century pear sapling are carried out counterpart and intersect grafting, and adopt plastic film to be wound around according to clockwise direction, grafting interface is made to form " Y " font during winding tree-like, and be wound in the length of 10cm along with trunk, stretch wrap film 4 layers, namely completes grafting;
(5) nursery stock is cultivated: by step 1) insulating tube set up regulates temperature to be 15 DEG C, isothermal holding 10-20 days is carried out to nursery stock, and adopt sparge pipe to spray the mixed liquor be mixed into by heteroauxin solution and 90ml water of 20ppm, within every 5 days, spray once, be sprayed on 3cm place, grafting interface top, carry out the cultivation of grafting nursery stock, obtain the kind strain of golden pear and new century pears one strain one seedling;
(6) manage: conveniently pear sapling cultivating technology manages, and executes step 2 every three months) ready base manure, according to 5kg/ strain, with all around applying fertilizer of distance pear sapling 20cm.
Embodiment 2
A kind of golden pear seedling grow method, golden pear kind and new century are ploughed and carry out half engrafting and cultivating and plant, concrete operating procedure comprises:
(1) construction of base: plough deeply base 1m dark, and base is made the furrow of wide 30cm, furrow height 20cm, furrow spacing 10cm, and at the left hand edge of furrow, 5cm place, furrow center is provided with insulating tube, at the right hand edge of furrow, 5cm place, furrow center is provided with sparge pipe, it is 45% that moisture is stamped on furrow upper berth, the content of organic matter is the field mud of 61%, and the thickness of field mud bedding is 2cm, stand-by;
(2) base manure prepares: choose raw material components and weight portion is 3kg phosphoamide, 4kg ammonium phosphate, 3kg potassium hydrogen phosphate, 2kg potassium borate, 0.8kg ammonium borate, 0.3kg antifungin, 2kg zinc sulphate, 5kg ammonium carbonate, 2kg potash, 6kg composite fertilizer, 5kg ammonium nitrate, 50kg becomes thoroughly decomposed poultry manure, 30kg pig manure, 20kg sheep excrement, 25kg cow dung, 70kg sucrose stalk, 90kg maize straw, 60kg straw, 50kg rice bran shell, 5kg Chinese yam slag, 6kg cordate houttuynia, 7kg dried orange peel slag, 7kg Bark of Eucommia Ulmoides, the 2kg Radix Astragali, 5kg Radix Glycyrrhizae, the 3kg bighead atractylodes rhizome, 6kg curcuma zedoary, the 7kg root of herbaceous peony, 8kg dandelion, its preparation method is, after Chinese yam slag, cordate houttuynia, dried orange peel slag, Bark of Eucommia Ulmoides, the Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, the bighead atractylodes rhizome, curcuma zedoary, the root of herbaceous peony, dandelion are mixed by proportioning, decoct more than 3 times, and after filtering, it is 35% that filter residue dries into water content, break into 90 objects Powdered, and filtrate and powder are mixed with 50 object Chinese medicinal granules according to the proportioning that proportioning is 1:7, preserve stand-by, sucrose stalk, maize straw, straw, rice bran shell are ground into 80 object graininess, and adjust the stalk particle that its moisture is 45%, stand-by, pig manure, sheep excrement, cow dung being dried in the shade to moisture is at normal temperatures after 20%, mixes, and adds by proportioning the poultry manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, mix and obtain ight soil mixture by proportioning, stand-by, after more above-mentioned Chinese medicinal granule, stalk particle, ight soil mixture being mixed, be placed in agitator, be uniformly mixed with the mixing speed of 60r/min, and be uniformly mixed in process, add phosphoamide, part ammonium phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium borate, ammonium borate, antifungin, zinc sulphate, ammonium carbonate, potash, composite fertilizer, ammonium nitrate successively, after mix and blend 3h by proportioning, add middle drug filtrate again, addition is 14% of raw material gross weight, after mixing, stand-by,
(3) new century pear sapling is planted: in step 1) on the base set up, dig pit, cheat dark 80cm, hole diameter is 25cm, and by step 2) ready base manure fills out hole 30cm, spread 3cm earth, and choose tree crown 13cm, root fibrous root distribution diameter 20cm's is anosis, undamaged new century pear sapling, upright plant in hole in, and cover 25cm with earth, the earth that 4cm is thick is placed around trunk, form pit, adopting step 2 again) 1cm in pit is dark for ready base manure landfill, cover soil compaction again, and adopt moisture to be 41%, the content of organic matter is the field mud covering 2cm of 30%, plantation completes,
(4) golden pear is chosen as scion grafting: in the 2-5 month, the shoot choosing golden pear kind semi-annual semi-lignified, as scion, cuts scion, and is cut into two buds and length is the joint of 5cm, operate on into reverse otch according to bud to inclination, otch can be shown in semi-lignified layer; Tilt to operate on by annual for plantation new century pear sapling forward otch again, and otch can be shown in lignification layer; Again scion cut ends is adopted that 20ppm's be mixed into mixed liquid dipping process 1.5h by NAA solution (naphthalene acid solution) and 90ml water, and scion otch and the otch of new century pear sapling are carried out counterpart and intersect grafting, and adopt plastic film to be wound around according to clockwise direction, grafting interface is made to form " Y " font during winding tree-like, and be wound in the length of 10cm along with trunk, stretch wrap film 4 layers, namely completes grafting;
(5) nursery stock is cultivated: by step 1) insulating tube set up regulates temperature to be 15 DEG C, isothermal holding 10-20 days is carried out to nursery stock, and adopt sparge pipe to spray the mixed liquor be mixed into by heteroauxin solution and 90ml water of 20ppm, within every 5 days, spray once, be sprayed on 3cm place, grafting interface top, carry out the cultivation of grafting nursery stock, obtain the kind strain of golden pear and new century pears one strain one seedling;
(6) manage: and conveniently pear sapling cultivating technology manages, and executed step 2 every three months) ready base manure, according to 5kg/ strain, with all around applying fertilizer of distance pear sapling 20cm.
Embodiment 3
A kind of golden pear seedling grow method, golden pear kind and new century are ploughed and carries out half engrafting and cultivating and plant, other concrete operating procedures are with embodiment 1, described raw material components and weight thereof are 2.5kg phosphoamide, 3.5kg ammonium phosphate, 2.5kg potassium hydrogen phosphate, 1.5kg potassium borate, 0.6kg ammonium borate, 0.2kg antifungin, 1.5kg zinc sulphate, 3kg ammonium carbonate, 1.5kg potash, 5.5kg composite fertilizer, 3.5kg ammonium nitrate, 45kg becomes thoroughly decomposed poultry manure, 25kg pig manure, 15kg sheep excrement, 20kg cow dung, 65kg sucrose stalk, 85kg maize straw, 55kg straw, 45kg rice bran shell, 4kg Chinese yam slag, 5kg cordate houttuynia, 6kg dried orange peel slag, 5kg Bark of Eucommia Ulmoides, 1.5kg the Radix Astragali, 4.5kg Radix Glycyrrhizae, 2.5kg the bighead atractylodes rhizome, 5kg curcuma zedoary, the 5kg root of herbaceous peony, 5kg dandelion.
Test example: the golden pear seedling grow method of embodiments of the invention 1 and embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 and traditional golden pear seedling grow method, the survival rate of the golden pear nursery stock of plantation, fruit good harvest rate and labour intensity comparative trial.
According to the seedling grow method of embodiments of the invention 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 and traditional golden pear, 100 strains, seedling grow calculates for 3 years, and in its seedling grow process, plant percent, fruit bearing rate and high yield rate, reach the long careless weeding number of times record of 0.5m and testing result as following table 1:
Table 1
Can be learnt by the data of table 1, the nursery plant percent of the seedling grow method of golden pear of the present invention improves more than 15%, fruit bearing rate reaches more than 18%, high yield rate reaches 30%, in the planting process of 3 years, the growth rate of grass can be suppressed, reduce weeding number of times, reduce labour intensity, there is significant economic benefit.
It is important to point out at this; the technique effect that above embodiment is only limitted to technical scheme of the present invention can reach is further elaborated; the further restriction to technical solution of the present invention can not be interpreted as; the essential characteristics of the non-protruding that those skilled in the art make on this basis and significant progressive innovation and creation, all belong to protection category of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a golden pear seedling grow method, is characterized in that, golden pear kind and new century are ploughed and carry out half engrafting and cultivating and plant, concrete operating procedure comprises:
(1) construction of base: plough deeply base 0.9-1m dark, and base is made the furrow of wide 30cm, furrow height 20cm, furrow spacing 10cm, and at the left hand edge of furrow, 5cm place, furrow center is provided with insulating tube, at the right hand edge of furrow, 5cm place, furrow center is provided with sparge pipe, it is 45% that moisture is stamped on furrow upper berth, the content of organic matter is the field mud of 61%, and the thickness of field mud bedding is 2cm, stand-by;
(2) base manure prepares: choose raw material components and weight portion is 2-3 part phosphoamide, 3-4 part ammonium phosphate, 2-3 part potassium hydrogen phosphate, 1-2 part potassium borate, 0.5-0.8 part ammonium borate, 0.1-0.3 part antifungin, 1-2 part zinc sulphate, 1-5 part ammonium carbonate, 1-2 part potash, 5-6 part composite fertilizer, 2-5 part ammonium nitrate, 40-50 part is become thoroughly decomposed poultry manure, 20-30 part pig manure, 10-20 part sheep excrement, 15-25 part cow dung, 60-70 part sucrose stalk, 80-90 part maize straw, 50-60 part straw, 40-50 part rice bran shell, 3-5 part Chinese yam slag, 4-6 part cordate houttuynia, 5-7 part dried orange peel slag, 3-7 part Bark of Eucommia Ulmoides, 1-2 part Radix Astragali, 4-5 part Radix Glycyrrhizae, 2-3 part bighead atractylodes rhizome, 4-6 part curcuma zedoary, 3-7 part root of herbaceous peony, 2-8 part dandelion, its preparation method is, after Chinese yam slag, cordate houttuynia, dried orange peel slag, Bark of Eucommia Ulmoides, the Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, the bighead atractylodes rhizome, curcuma zedoary, the root of herbaceous peony, dandelion are mixed by proportioning, decoct more than 3 times, and after filtering, it is 35% that filter residue dries into water content, break into 90 objects Powdered, and filtrate and powder are mixed with 50 object Chinese medicinal granules according to the proportioning that proportioning is 1:7, preserve stand-by, sucrose stalk, maize straw, straw, rice bran shell are ground into 80 object graininess, and adjust the stalk particle that its moisture is 45%, stand-by, pig manure, sheep excrement, cow dung being dried in the shade to moisture is at normal temperatures after 20%, mixes, and adds by proportioning the poultry manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, mix and obtain ight soil mixture by proportioning, stand-by, after more above-mentioned Chinese medicinal granule, stalk particle, ight soil mixture being mixed, be placed in agitator, be uniformly mixed with the mixing speed of 60r/min, and be uniformly mixed in process, add phosphoamide, ammonium phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium borate, ammonium borate, antifungin, zinc sulphate, ammonium carbonate, potash, composite fertilizer, ammonium nitrate successively by proportioning, after mix and blend 3h, add middle drug filtrate again, addition is 14% of raw material gross weight, after mixing, stand-by,
(3) new century pear sapling is planted: in step 1) on the base set up, dig pit, cheat dark 60-80cm, hole diameter is 25cm, and by step 2) ready base manure fills out hole 30cm, spread 3cm earth, and choose tree crown 13cm, root fibrous root distribution diameter 20cm's is anosis, undamaged new century pear sapling, upright plant in hole in, and cover 25cm with earth, the earth that 4cm is thick is placed around trunk, form pit, adopting step 2 again) 1cm in pit is dark for ready base manure landfill, cover soil compaction again, and adopt moisture to be 41%, the content of organic matter is the field mud covering 2cm of 30%, plantation completes,
(4) golden pear is chosen as scion grafting: in the 2-5 month, the shoot choosing golden pear kind semi-annual semi-lignified, as scion, cuts scion, and is cut into two buds and length is the joint of 5cm, operate on into reverse otch according to bud to inclination, otch can be shown in semi-lignified layer; Tilt to operate on by annual for plantation new century pear sapling forward otch again, and otch can be shown in lignification layer; Again scion cut ends is adopted that 20ppm's be mixed into mixed liquid dipping process 1.5h by NAA solution (naphthalene acid solution) and 90ml water, and scion otch and the otch of new century pear sapling are carried out counterpart and intersect grafting, and adopt plastic film to be wound around according to clockwise direction, grafting interface is made to form " Y " font during winding tree-like, and be wound in the length of 10cm along with trunk, stretch wrap film 4 layers, namely completes grafting;
(5) nursery stock is cultivated: by step 1) insulating tube set up regulates temperature to be 15 DEG C, isothermal holding 10-20 days is carried out to nursery stock, and adopt sparge pipe to spray the mixed liquor be mixed into by heteroauxin solution and 90ml water of 20ppm, within every 5 days, spray once, be sprayed on 3cm place, grafting interface top, carry out the cultivation of grafting nursery stock, obtain the kind strain of golden pear and new century pears one strain one seedling;
(6) manage: conveniently pear sapling cultivating technology manages, and executes step 2 every three months) ready base manure, according to 5kg/ strain, with all around applying fertilizer of distance pear sapling 20cm.
2. golden pear seedling grow method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described raw material components and weight portion thereof are 2.5 parts of phosphoamides, 3.5 parts of ammonium phosphate, 2.5 parts of potassium hydrogen phosphates, 1.5 parts of potassium borates, 0.6 part of ammonium borate, 0.2 part of antifungin, 1.5 parts of zinc sulphate, 3 parts of ammonium carbonates, 1.5 parts of potash, 5.5 parts of composite fertilizers, 3.5 parts of ammonium nitrate, 45 parts of poultry manures that become thoroughly decomposed, 25 parts of pig manures, 15 parts of sheep excrement, 20 parts of cow dungs, 65 parts of sucrose stalks, 85 parts of maize straws, 55 parts of straw, 45 parts of rice bran shells, 4 parts of Chinese yam slags, 5 portions of cordate houttuynias, 6 parts of dried orange peel slags, 5 parts of Bark of Eucommia Ulmoides, 1.5 parts of Radixs Astragali, 4.5 portions of Radix Glycyrrhizaes, 2.5 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizomes, 5 parts of curcuma zedoarys, 5 portions of root of herbaceous peonys, 5 portions of dandelions.
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| CN112715263A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-30 | 广西金韶农业开发有限公司 | Method for improving parasitic yield of Chinese wampee trees |
| CN115316181A (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-11-11 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Cultivation method for interplanting mountain pear orchard with water retention, fertilizer conservation and synergism |
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