A kind of sweet osmanthus cuttage and quick-propagation technology
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, be specifically related to the cuttage and quick-propagation technology of a kind of sweet osmanthus.
Background technology
Sweet osmanthus is the more difficult important Landscape Trees surviving of a kind of cuttage.On breeding and seedling, conventional field cuttage is often subject to the restriction of the factors such as season, environment and cuttage operating process, and rooting rate and survival rate are lower, and rootage duration often needs more than 4 months, in 1 year, same plot only can cuttage and seedling culture 1 time, and land utilization rate is seriously on the low side; Aspect seedling quality, the important indicators such as the main root quantity of nursery stock, length and the fibrous root situation space that all also improves a lot.
Full exposure spraying cuttage technique is the more advanced nursery stock cuttage and quick-propagation technology of current techniques and equipment, and device intelligence control degree is high, is applicable to very much batch production and produces.But, also there is some deficiency in this technology, as larger in its scale of investment on producing, and only control system needs 80,000 yuan of left and right; Temp. and humidity inductor belongs to high sensitive electronic equipment, and unit price is also more than ten thousand yuan, careless slightly, very easily damages, and service life is shorter, and market is difficult to buy supporting substitute products; Rooting process requires long-term spraying, large to water demand amount, even causes cutting to rot.Just because of this, this technology is difficult to meet market to cultivating seedlings low cost, the requirement that easy and simple to handle, reproduction speed is fast, is difficult to generally apply.
For some precious sweet osmanthus improved seeds, because scarcity of resources, reproduction speed slowly cause, growing-seedling period is long, cost is higher, and applying difficulty increases.Short in the urgent need to some seedling cycles in production reality, management is relatively simple and the high rapid seedling cultivation technology of application value.
Summary of the invention
Main technical points of the present invention comprises: build slotting machine using perlite as cutting medium, build spraying system and control system with the equipment such as pvc pipe part, PE flexible pipe, shower nozzle, water pump and controller and material, clip is without the cuttings of being strict with, through fast leaching method carry out root-growing agent processing, the strict moisture etc. of controlling of the later stage of taking root.Its object be to provide a kind of breeding cycle short, expand that numerous coefficient is high, the sweet osmanthus cuttage and quick-propagation technology of lower cost.Content of the present invention comprises following technical step:
(1) preparation of slotting machine: build the slotting machine taking perlite as matrix, width 1.2-1.5m, matrix degree of depth 10cm, it is 14-20 order that perlite is selected specification.To 0.4% potassium permanganate liquid or the carbendazim spray disinfectant of 400 times for slotting machine matrix, operation tool and place, smooth slotting machine compacting matrix, spray water and make matrix contain water saturation before cuttage.
(2) spraying control system is installed: 1m place, capable of setting up spraying PE arm along slotting machine above slotting machine central authorities, connect PE arm with PE hollow billet, connect PE hollow billet with 4 direction cross atomizers, PE flexible pipe connects PVC or PPR water main and water source water pump, builds spraying system.Wherein PE hollow billet internal diameter 4mm, PE props up bore 20-32mm, PVC or PPR water main internal diameter 40-63mm.Sprayer controller connects pump power, controls pump working.Wherein, water pump selection requirements 220V, more than power 1.5kw, controller selection requirements 220V, spraying working time scope 1 second-99 minutes, 1 second-99 minutes intermittent time.
(3) fringe bar clip: choose stalwartness, without more than the semi-lignified of damage by disease and insect then or 1 year raw branch as fringe bar, require band leaf, with the cloudy day, after rain or adopt fringe after fully irrigating and be advisable.Branch under adopting, as need are placed temporarily, must spray clear water moisturizing, wraps up processing, avoids having in a large number the long-time stacking of leaf branch bar or packaging tension, and shears in time and cuttage.
(4) to cut and cut length be 8-12 centimetre to cuttings, and retain 1 above joint bit quantity, and upper cut is flat, and apart from 1 centimetre of left and right of joint, lower cut is slightly oblique, and cuttings requires band leaf.In the time of clip cutting, by 800 times of carbendazim medicine liquid spray cuttings 1-2 time, can play the effect of sterilization and moisturizing.
(5) cuttings is processed and cuttage: before cuttage, be bundled into a bundle with 30-50 root, with the good cuttings base portion (2-5cm) of No. 2 ABT400mg/kg immersion clip 10 seconds, within 2-3 minute, dry and get final product cuttage.When cuttage, first carry out cuttage in matrix punching, matrix, seeding row spacing 3-5 × 4-6cm are exposed in the about 8cm of insertion depth, joint position again.Compacting after insertion cuttings, connects airtight matrix and cuttings mutually.
(6) management after cuttage: after cuttage, spray immediately 800 times of carbendazim liquid sterilizations, and start spraying facility, sprayer controller parameter is set, the spraying working time is made as 15 seconds, and the intermittent time is set to 99 minutes.After cuttage 20-25 days, adjust spray parameters, the spraying working time is made as 10 seconds, and the intermittent time is set to 99 minutes, and System production time is set at 7 o'clock-18 o'clock.During cuttage root-taking, 1 800 times of carbendazim liquid of spray in every 7 days, spray 2 times altogether.After cuttage 15 days, spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, to promote new root.Cuttage can lifting after 45 days, and dress basin hardening is transplanted for 15 days afterwards.Advantage of the present invention is:
1, take root fast, survival rate is high, the breeding cycle is extremely short.By soaking somatotropin, soil humidity is controlled in spraying, and cuttings sprouts new root for 20-25 days after inserting, and inserts latter 30 days left and right rooting rates and more than 3, reaches lifting and go out garden requirement up to the quantity of 100%, 45 day above root of 5cm.
2, expand numerous multiple high.Owing to having shortened cutting length, reduce the contained joint number of cutting, thereby greatly increased the availability of every sweet osmanthus branch, it expands numerous multiple is the more than 5 times of normal cutting propagation.
3, raw material is easy to get, with low cost.Do not need a large amount of input and preparation, do not need complicated equipment support yet.These all can buy matrix components, control device and tubing on the market everywhere in specialty, and price is also more cheap.Once drop into, can reuse for a long time.
4, method is simple, is easy to management.Whole cuttage process, by equipment control soil humidity, only need be adjusted a spray parameters setting after taking root, and does not need advanced technology and complicated operation.
Brief description of the drawings:
Accompanying drawing is slotting machine and spraying control system schematic diagram
In figure, 1-main-supply, 2-sprayer controller, 3-water pump, 4-PVC or PPR water main, 5-PE arm, 6-shower nozzle.
Specific embodiment:
This proving ground is positioned at Bai Xiang town, Yueyang County, Hunan Province, implements 2 fairly large cuttage and quick-propagations in the 4-6 month in 2013 and 10.12 months.The present embodiment perlite, control device and tubing used is all from local building materials and electronic market.Implementation step is as follows:
(1) preparation of slotting machine: 3 of the slotting machine of construction taking perlite as matrix, width 1.4m, 15 meters of length, matrix degree of depth 10cm, it is 14-20 order that perlite is selected specification, altogether 9m
3, count 2700 yuan.To 0.4% potassium permanganate liquid or the carbendazim spray disinfectant of 400 times for slotting machine matrix, operation tool and place, smooth slotting machine compacting matrix, spray water and make matrix contain water saturation before cuttage.
(2) spraying control system is installed: 1m place, capable of setting up spraying PE arm along slotting machine above slotting machine central authorities, connect PE arm with PE hollow billet, connect PE hollow billet with 4 direction cross atomizers, PE flexible pipe connects PVC water main and water source water pump, builds spraying system.Wherein PE hollow billet internal diameter 4mm, PE props up bore 20mm, PVC water main internal diameter 40mm.980 yuan of tube material meters.1 sprayer controller connects pump power, controls 1 pump working.Wherein, water pump is selected 220V, power 1.5kw, 260 yuan of unit prices; Sprayer controller is selected 220V, spraying working time scope 1 second-99 minutes, 1 second-99 minutes intermittent time, 1800 yuan of unit prices.Buy in addition the material such as switch, electric wire, above material and facility adds up to approximately 4000 yuan.
(3) fringe bar clip: choose stalwartness, without more than the semi-lignified of damage by disease and insect then or 1 year raw branch as fringe bar, band leaf or without Ye Junke, parcel is processed, and sprays clear water moisturizing, shears immediately and cuttage.
(4) to cut and cut length be 10-12 centimetre to cuttings, and retain 1 above joint bit quantity, and upper cut is flat, and apart from joint 1cm left and right, lower cut is slightly oblique.Cuttings is without the requirement of strict band leaf.In the time of clip cutting, by 800 times of carbendazim medicine liquid spray cuttings 1-2 time with sterilization and moisturizing.
(5) cuttings is processed and cuttage: before cuttage, be bundled into a bundle with 30-50 root, soak cuttings base portion (2-5cm) that clip is good 10 seconds with hestening rooting with No. 2 ABT400mg/kg, within 2-3 minute, dry cuttage, approximately 18000 and 20000 of twice each clip cuttings.When cuttage, first carry out cuttage in matrix punching, matrix, seeding row spacing 3-5 × 4-6cm are exposed in the about 8cm of insertion depth, joint position again.Compacting after insertion cuttings, connects airtight matrix and cuttings mutually, complete respectively at April 12 and cuttage on October 20.
(6) management after cuttage: after cuttage, spray immediately 800 times of carbendazim liquid sterilizations, and start spraying facility, parameters, the spraying working time is made as 15 seconds, and the intermittent time is set to 99 minutes.Insert within latter 25 days, be May 6 to 300 cuttings of first batch of random searching, all survival, take root 295.Cuttage within 20 days, be November 100 to 300 cuttings of second batch of random searching, all survival, take root 292.After investigation, adjust spray parameters, the spraying working time is made as 10 seconds, and the intermittent time is set to 99 minutes, and System production time is set at 7 o'clock-18 o'clock.Inserting latter 45 days is May 27, December 6,200 cuttings of random searching, and all survivals, every strain has the long root of more than 3 5cm.After cuttage, 1 800 times of carbendazim liquid of spray in every 10 days, spray 2 times altogether.After cuttage 25 days and 35 days, spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, spray altogether 2 cuttages.After 48 days, be May 30 and lifting on December 9, dress basin hardening is transplanted for 15 days afterwards.