CN104012338B - A kind of method improving Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden raising graft survival rate - Google Patents
A kind of method improving Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden raising graft survival rate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to seedling growth field, be specifically related to a kind of method improving Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden raising graft survival rate, described method comprises the steps: 1) planning of Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden is wholely; 2) clone configuration: 3) stock is cultivated: 4) stock cultivates the rear 2nd year 3-4 month in nursery grafting; 5) grafting connect after management: by step 4) stock after grafting cultivates and the 2-3 month can go out nursery in the 2nd year to grafting, after removing nutrient cup, band soil plantation. The useful effect of the present invention is: conventional Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. engrafting method generally adopts plants stock at hill, in the mode of hill grafting. The present invention improves in the method that graft survival rate is improved in Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden, first healthy and strong grafting nursery stock reforestation is cultivated in nursery, the graft survival rate of Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. nursery stock is compared with hill grafting method, graft survival rate can improve more than 40%, after an after-culture, seed garden storage rate can reach more than 95%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seedling growth field, it is specifically related to a kind of method improving Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden raising graft survival rate.
Background technology
Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. (Classification system: Fokieniahodginsii (Dunn) HenryetThomas) Cupressaceae aiphyllium, is distributed in southwest China, south to east and North Vietnam. Fujian China, Jiangxi, Zhejiang and Southern Hunan, Guangdong and the north, Guangxi, Sichuan and Dong people etc., with maximum in the middle part of Fujian. Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. timber is light, and quality is slightly soft, and texture is directly even, handling ease, stable material quality, is the good material of building, furniture, woodwork and engraving, tree-like attractive in appearance, trunk is directly logical, is excellent afforestation seeds.
Research shows, forest land land occupation condition is required that, less than China fir height, growth is very fast by Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas., and slow unlike China fir under equal land occupation condition, afforestation and handling cost are also low than China fir. In many seeds application in planting that south each province proposes, Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. is one of fine tree species with development prospect. The cultivation history of Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. artificial forest has 50 years, but its total area is still little, wherein the overwhelming majority is distributed in Fujian Province, and the Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. artificial forest in Fujian Province about has 80% to be distributed in southeast Fujian one band, such as cities and counties such as Anxi, Dehua, Yongchun, Foochow, Yongtai, Nan Ping, Minqing, Minhou, Longyan, Zhangping and Yongan. Being shown by Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. artificial forest composition research, the Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. artificial forest of development is main mainly with mixed forest at present.
In recent years, Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. more and more causes the attention of people as the reproducting tree species of precious Building wood seeds and strong stress resistance. Especially in south each province, Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. has become the rare good seeds of China fir second rotation, and its promotion prospect is wide. Based on this, from the seventies in 20th century, just carried out the breedings such as select superior tree successively breeds research to investigators. But, to select by prevailing condition, the work of the aspect such as select superior tree and seed orchard construction all fails to produce a desired effect.
At present, construction general employing in Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden plants stock at hill, and in the mode of hill grafting, surviving rate is generally 40%-45%, and its surviving rate is lower, becomes the bottlenecks of the production of Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. breeding and afforestation.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: provides a kind of and improves Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden, effectively improves the method for graft survival rate and storage rate.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention
Comprise the steps:
1) Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden is planned wholely: the community that Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden is divided into some 10��15 mu, horizontal band-like is wholely, band and belt distance 4m, band face width 1.5m, after horizontal stripes is held successfully, fixed point digs plantation cave, cave is apart from 4m, digging cave specification is 40cm �� 40cm �� 30cm, and cave is dug in band face central authorities, digs bright cave, calcium magnesium phosphorus 0.5kg is spread fertilizer over the fields as base manure in every cave simultaneously, in order to Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. nursery stock of planting;
2) clone configuration: clone random alignment in community each in step 1 planted, takes into account more than same clone plant division interval 5 strain simultaneously or principle that slant range is greater than 20m adjusts;
3) stock is cultivated: mid or late October, raw Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. tree seedling sturdy, healthy, that have no mechanical damage then is selected to transplant into nutrient cup, become furrow to put nutritive cup seedlings in nursery, and cover nutrient cup with soil, concentrate and cultivate stock, nutrient cup specification is 26cm �� 21cm, loads red soil cubsoil in cup, and stock is cultivated and got final product grafting in March, the 2nd;
4) stock cultivates the rear 2nd year 3-4 month in nursery grafting:
Scion is selected: with the outer upper part of scion-seed tree tree crown, on the sunny side, one-level, two grades of side shoot top tips of sturdy health are scion, and the autumn ending retaining growth in autumn the previous year when gathering scion is divided, and gained scion is cut so that it is grafting mouth is positioned at the autumn and slightly goes up;
The process of stock: by step 3) gained stock truncation, under the principle retaining stock base portion 3-5 bar side shoot, clip the top tip, it is close to outside trunk xylem longitudinally deep stock otch with grafting blade, length 3-4cm;
Carry out grafting: by form layers corresponding with stock otch for the form layers of the scion otch either side after cutting docking, twine with grafting film special bandage afterwards and tie up;
5) grafting connect after management: by step 4) stock after grafting cultivates and the 2-3 month can go out nursery in the 2nd year to grafting, after removing nutrient cup, band soil plantation.
The useful effect of the present invention is: conventional Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. grafting generally adopts plants stock at hill, in the mode of hill grafting. The improvement Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden of the present invention is improved in the method for graft survival rate, healthy and strong grafting nursery stock reforestation is cultivated in nursery, the graft survival rate of nursery stock is compared with hill grafting method, graft survival rate can improve more than 40%, and (hill graft survival rate is generally 40%-45%, ground, nursery graft survival rate can reach more than 85%), after an after-culture, seed garden storage rate can reach more than 95%, and the seed garden of hill grafting method construction is after once mending and connecing, storage rate generally only can reach 55%-65%.
Embodiment
By technology contents, the structural attitude of the present invention being described in detail, is realized object and effect, it is explained in detail below in conjunction with enforcement mode.
The design of most critical of the present invention is: employing in conjunction with the present inventor's Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. plantation experience for many years and cultivate healthy and strong grafting nursery stock in nursery, the means such as reforestation improve Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. graft survival rate.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of and improves the method that graft survival rate is improved in Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden, comprises the steps:
1) Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden is planned wholely:
Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden is divided into the community of some 10��15 mu, horizontal band-like is wholely, band and belt distance 4m, band face width 1.5m, after horizontal stripes is held successfully, fixed point digs plantation cave, cave is apart from 4m, digging cave specification is 40cm �� 40cm �� 30cm, and cave is dug in band face central authorities, digs bright cave, calcium magnesium phosphorus 0.5kg is spread fertilizer over the fields as base manure in every cave simultaneously, in order to Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. nursery stock of planting;
2) clone configuration:
The load of clone random alignment in community each in step 1 is planted, takes into account more than same clone plant division interval 5 strain or principle that slant range is greater than 20m adjusts simultaneously;
3) stock is cultivated:
Mid or late October, raw Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. tree seedling sturdy, healthy, that have no mechanical damage then is selected to transplant into nutrient cup, become furrow to put nutritive cup seedlings in nursery, and cover nutrient cup with soil, concentrate and cultivate stock, nutrient cup specification is 26cm �� 21cm, loads red soil cubsoil in cup, and stock is cultivated to grafting in March, the 2nd;
4) stock cultivates the rear 2nd year 3-4 month in nursery grafting;
Scion is selected: with the outer upper part of scion-seed tree tree crown, on the sunny side, one-level, two grades of side shoot top tips of sturdy health are scion, and the autumn ending retaining growth in autumn the previous year when gathering scion is divided, and gained scion is cut so that it is grafting mouth is positioned at the autumn and slightly goes up;
The process of stock: by step 3) gained stock truncation, under the principle retaining stock base portion 3-5 bar side shoot, clip the top tip, it is close to outside trunk xylem longitudinally deep stock otch with grafting blade, length 3-4cm;
Carry out grafting: by form layers corresponding with stock otch for the form layers of the scion otch either side after cutting docking, twine with grafting film special bandage afterwards and tie up;
5) grafting connect after management: by step 4) stock after grafting cultivates and the 2-3 month can go out nursery in the 2nd year to grafting, after removing nutrient cup, band soil plantation.
Preferably, above-mentioned improvement Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden is improved in the method for graft survival rate, described step 1) in Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed field point selection method be: select physical features smooth, traffic is convenient, II-III class on the sunny side is on the spot, concentrating construction Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden, forest land in flakes, described Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden surrounding is without Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. standing forest, and pollen isolation condition is good.
Preferably, above-mentioned improvement Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden is improved in the method for graft survival rate, described step 2) in clone seeding row spacing of planting be 4m �� 4m, density of planting 625 strains/hm2.
Preferably, above-mentioned improvement Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden is improved in the method for graft survival rate, described step 5) grafting manages after connecing and is specially: by step 4) stock after grafting, take cool canopy with the sunshade net of sunshade rate 70% to shade to stock cultivation in September, the 2nd, keep ground, garden moistening and not ponding, cut the stock side shoot that growth is too fast, keep its growing way prosperous and do not contain, eliminate it to the growth competition of scion, after grafting 40-50 days, carry out grafting bandage pine band, band is separated in grafting completely after 60-80 days, monthly spray 1% composite fertilizer's aqueous solution afterwards 1 time, do not apply fertilizer after removing shading shed, within after cultivating seedlings to grafting the 2nd year, the 2-3 month can go out nursery, after removing nutrient cup, band soil plantation.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of and improves the method that graft survival rate is improved in Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden, comprises the steps:
1) Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed field point selection method:
Selection physical features is smooth, and traffic is convenient, and II-III class faced south on the spot, concentrates construction Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden, forest land in flakes, and described seed garden surrounding is without Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. standing forest, and pollen isolation condition is good;
2) Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden is planned wholely:
The change division of cells of concrete landform according to location, seed garden, physical features, land occupation condition, plot area is 10��15 mu, arranges main forest-road and road, community in seed garden, main forest-road road surface width 2-2.5m. Minizone Shun Po opens pavement, horizontal wall inscription boiling water level line, road surface width 1.5m, after community divides, horizontal band-like is wholely, band and belt distance 4m, band face width 1.5m, after horizontal stripes is held successfully, fixed point digs plantation cave, cave is apart from 4m, digging cave specification is 40cm �� 40cm �� 30cm, and cave is dug at the slightly close interior edge of band face central authorities, digs bright cave, calcium magnesium phosphorus 0.5kg is spread fertilizer over the fields as base manure in every cave simultaneously, in order to nursery stock of planting;
3) clone configuration:
The complete random alignment of clone in each community, takes into account more than same clone plant division interval 5 strain simultaneously or principle that slant range is greater than 20m adjusts, and avoids having between clone stationary neighbors as far as possible, in order to avoid close relative's hybridization;
4) stock is cultivated:
Mid or late October, selecting raw Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. tree seedling sturdy, healthy, that have no mechanical damage then to transplant into nutrient cup, become in nursery furrow to put and concentrate cultivation stock, nutrient cup specification is 26cm �� 21cm, loading red soil cubsoil in cup, stock is cultivated to grafting in March, the 2nd;
5) stock cultivates the rear 2nd year 3-4 month in nursery grafting;
Scion is selected: with the outer upper part of scion-seed tree tree crown, on the sunny side, one-level, two grades of side shoot top tips of sturdy health are scion, and the autumn ending retaining growth in autumn the previous year when gathering scion is divided, and gained scion is cut so that it is grafting mouth is positioned at the autumn and slightly goes up;
The process of stock: by step 4) gained stock truncation, under the principle retaining stock base portion 3-5 bar side shoot, clip the top tip, it is close to outside trunk xylem longitudinally deep stock otch with grafting blade, length 3-4cm;
Carry out grafting: by form layers corresponding with stock otch for the form layers of the scion otch either side after cutting docking, twine with grafting film special bandage afterwards and tie up;
6) grafting connect after management: by step 5) stock after grafting, take cool canopy with the sunshade net of sunshade rate 70% to shade to stock cultivation in September, the 2nd, keep ground, garden moistening and not ponding, cut the stock side shoot that growth is too fast, keep its growing way prosperous and do not contain, eliminate it to the growth competition of scion, after grafting 40-50 days, carry out grafting bandage pine band, band is separated in grafting completely after 60-80 days, monthly spray 1% composite fertilizer's aqueous solution afterwards 1 time, do not apply fertilizer after removing shading shed, within after cultivating seedlings to grafting the 2nd year, the 2-3 month can go out nursery, after removing nutrient cup, band soil plantation.
The method tool that graft survival rate is improved in improvement Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden provided by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) ground, nursery graft survival rate more than 85%, benefit connects storage rate after once can reach more than 97%. Seedling grafting growth is vigorous, takes out high 20-35cm after 1 year. And Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. is in the method for mountain region grafting, anti-wind ability, the shortcomings such as poor growth (grafting is taken out height after 1 year and is generally 15-25cm).
(2), when stock is cultivated, after nutrient cup nursery stock is placed on furrow face, earthing in furrow, until covering nutrient cup. Stock 1 year raw average height of seedling that this method is cultivated can reach 50cm, and average leading thread can reach 0.7cm, nursery stock is sturdy, growing way is vigorous, side shoot is flourishing, under just, be conducive to grafting. And 1 year raw general seedling of stock tall and big (60cm can be reached) that additive method is cultivated, leading thread little (being only 0.4-0.5cm), side shoot is undeveloped, and clear bole height is relatively big, is unfavorable for grafting.
(3) conventional Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden afforestation technique generally adopts plants stock at hill, in the mode of hill grafting, and after utilizing the ground grafting of the inventive method nursery, the graft survival rate of Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. nursery stock is compared with hill grafting method, graft survival rate can improve more than 40% (hill graft survival rate is generally 40%-45%, and ground, nursery graft survival rate can reach more than 85%). After an after-culture, seed garden storage rate can reach more than 95%, and the seed garden of hill grafting method construction is after once mending and connecing, and storage rate generally only can reach 55%-65%.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the patent scope of the present invention is limited; every utilize specification sheets of the present invention to do equivalent structure or equivalence flow process conversion, or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention with managing.
Claims (2)
1. one kind is improved the method that graft survival rate is improved in Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden, it is characterised in that, comprise the steps:
1) Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden is planned wholely:
Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden is divided into the community of 10��15 mu, horizontal band-like is wholely, band and belt distance 4m, band face width 1.5m, after horizontal stripes is held successfully, fixed point digs plantation cave, cave is apart from 4m, digging cave specification is 40cm �� 40cm �� 30cm, and cave is dug in band face central authorities, digs bright cave, calcium magnesium phosphorus 0.5kg is spread fertilizer over the fields as base manure in every cave simultaneously, in order to Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. nursery stock of planting;
2) clone configuration:
By step 1) in each community clone random alignment plant, take into account more than same clone plant division interval 5 strain or principle that slant range is greater than 20m adjusts simultaneously;
3) stock is cultivated:
Mid or late October, raw Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. tree seedling sturdy, healthy, that have no mechanical damage then is selected to transplant into nutrient cup, become furrow to put nutrient cup in nursery, and cover nutrient cup with soil, concentrate and cultivate stock, nutrient cup specification is 26cm �� 21cm, loads red soil cubsoil in cup, and stock is cultivated to grafting in March, the 2nd;
4) stock cultivates rear in March, the 2nd in nursery grafting:
Scion is selected: with the outer upper part of scion-seed tree tree crown, on the sunny side, one-level, two grades of side shoot top tips of sturdy health are scion, and the autumn ending retaining growth in autumn the previous year when gathering scion is divided, and gained scion is cut and made its grafting mouth be positioned at the autumn slightly to go up;
The process of stock: by step 3) gained stock truncation, under the principle retaining stock base portion 3-5 bar side shoot, clip the top tip, it is close to outside trunk xylem longitudinally deep stock otch with grafting blade, length 3-4cm;
Carry out grafting: by form layers corresponding with stock otch for the form layers of the scion otch either side after cutting docking, twine with grafting film special bandage afterwards and tie up;
5) grafting connect after management: by step 4) stock after grafting, take cool canopy with the sunshade net of sunshade rate 70% to shade to stock cultivation in September, the 2nd, keep ground, garden moistening and not ponding, cut the stock side shoot that growth is too fast, keep its growing way prosperous and do not contain, eliminate it to the growth competition of scion, after grafting 40-50 days, carry out grafting bandage pine band, band is separated in grafting completely after 60-80 days, monthly spray 1% composite fertilizer's aqueous solution afterwards 1 time, do not apply fertilizer after removing shading shed, within after cultivating seedlings to grafting the 2nd year, the 2-3 month can go out nursery, after removing nutrient cup, band soil plantation.
2. the method for graft survival rate is improved in improvement Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 1) in Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed field click and be selected as: select physical features smooth, traffic is convenient, II-III class on the sunny side is on the spot, concentrating construction Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden, forest land in flakes, described Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. seed garden surrounding is without Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. standing forest, and pollen isolation condition is good.
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| CN113261467A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-08-17 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Method for constructing high-yield early-fruiting cedar dwarfing clonal seed orchard |
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| CN1806513A (en) * | 2006-01-24 | 2006-07-26 | 王录顺 | Cold-resistant cypress breeding method |
| CN101165174A (en) * | 2007-09-26 | 2008-04-23 | 南京林业大学 | Fujian cypress somatic cell embryogenesis and plant regeneration technique |
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| CN1806513A (en) * | 2006-01-24 | 2006-07-26 | 王录顺 | Cold-resistant cypress breeding method |
| CN101165174A (en) * | 2007-09-26 | 2008-04-23 | 南京林业大学 | Fujian cypress somatic cell embryogenesis and plant regeneration technique |
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| 刘敬灶.福建柏处级种子园营建及管理技术研究.《福建林业科技》.2008,第35卷(第1期),216-218,230页. * |
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