CN104011134A - 具有改善的抗龟裂性和可持续性的用于分配气溶胶产品的塑料包装 - Google Patents
具有改善的抗龟裂性和可持续性的用于分配气溶胶产品的塑料包装 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104011134A CN104011134A CN201380004432.3A CN201380004432A CN104011134A CN 104011134 A CN104011134 A CN 104011134A CN 201380004432 A CN201380004432 A CN 201380004432A CN 104011134 A CN104011134 A CN 104011134A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A45D34/00—Containers or accessories specially adapted for handling liquid toiletry or cosmetic substances, e.g. perfumes
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- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/002—Methods
- B29B7/007—Methods for continuous mixing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于分配气溶胶形式的产品的塑料包装，其具有改善的抗龟裂性和可持续性。所述塑料包装包括具有递送装置的瓶，控制流速的阀，以及当使用所述阀密封时容纳所述产品的稳定塑料包装。在一个实施例中，所述塑料包装的至少一部分包含PEF。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于分配气溶胶形式的产品的塑料包装，所述包装包含PEF并具有可减少包装破裂可能性的改善的抗龟裂性。本发明还提供了用于改善塑料包装的可持续性的方式，其通过包含PEF，通过增加包装中可再生内容物的量进行。
背景技术
已提出由塑性材料形成的气溶胶瓶作为金属瓶的新的替代形式。塑料瓶将给予制造商以下方面的自由度：开发独特的容器形状、开发透明包装、产生相对于金属的改善的可持续性以及降低制造成本。已经提出聚(对苯二甲酸乙二酯)(PET)作为可用于气溶胶瓶的塑性材料，因为其是透明的并且可以为可再循环的。然而，柠檬烯和其它香料原料(prms)，以及烃推进剂和其它配方成分(或者在一些情况下，甚至只是水，根据水的pH具有不同结果)可扩散到PET中，尤其是在高压环境下，并且降低其龟裂诱导应力。因此，这些化学物质可致使气溶胶瓶的颈部和肩部区域中的PET龟裂，在所述颈部和肩部区域中由于加压推进剂的存在和小曲率半径，所以拉伸应力超过龟裂引发应力。在这些区域中龟裂更主要，因为所述区域趋于比PET分子更一致并且成分的扩散率更低的瓶的更高度结晶和拉伸区域更加无定形。这种PET的龟裂可发展成破裂(尤其是在更高应变下以及当暴露于可导致水解破裂的物质如漂白剂时)，并且引起气溶胶瓶的完整性问题，并且具有潜在危险：弱化的塑性气溶胶可导致失能的瓶，其可失控地释放包含在其中的气体/产品，因此从产品安全性的观点来看是不可接受的。
因此，仍然存在对气溶胶瓶的需要，所述气溶胶瓶可由可再生循环的塑性材料形成，所述塑性材料具有比PET更好的抗龟裂性。
发明内容
本发明提供了用于分配气溶胶形式的产品的塑料包装，其包含聚(2,5-呋喃二甲酸乙二酯)(PEF)并具有改善的抗龟裂性和可持续性。所述塑料包装包括具有递送装置的瓶、控制流速的阀以及当使用所述阀密封时容纳所述产品的稳定塑料包装。所述塑料包装的至少一部分包含PEF。在一个实施例中，所述塑料包装还包含连接至阀的袋。所述袋包含液体、凝胶、悬浮液、溶液、糊剂或泡沫产品。在一个优选的实施例中，所述袋包含PEF。
在另一个实施例中，所述瓶具有颈部区域并且所述颈部区域包含PEF。所述瓶还可包括底座，并且所述底座可包含PEF。此外，所述瓶还可包含标签，并且所述标签可包含PEF。在另一个实施例中，所述瓶还可包含顶盖，并且所述顶盖可包含PEF。在另一个实施例中，所述瓶还可包含触发器，并且所述触发器可包含PEF。
在另一个实施例中，所述产品包含推进剂，并且所述推进剂(即，在所述包装压力下可容易被蒸发成加压气体的液体)选自二甲基醚、1,1-二氟乙烷、1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷、丁烷、异丁烷、丙烷、异戊烷、戊烷、一氧化二氮、以及其它推进剂或它们的组合。作为另外一种选择，所述瓶可使用惰性气体如二氧化碳、氮气、氩气或空气加压。在另一个实施例中，所述瓶可使用推进剂和惰性气体的组合加压。如本文所用，术语“推进剂”包括推进剂和惰性气体。
在另一个实施例中，所述塑料包装基本上是透明的。优选地，所述塑料包装由PEF制成。在一个实施例中，所述塑料包装还包含增强材料，所述增强材料选自玻璃纤维、玻璃球以及它们的混合物。在另一个实施例中，约10％至100％的塑料包装包含基于生物的内容物。作为另外一种选择，约20％至100％的塑料包装包含基于生物的内容物。在另一个实施例中，约30％至100％的塑料包装包含基于生物的内容物。另外，PEF可与金合欢烯共混。
在一个可供选择的实施例中，所述塑料包装由PEF和一种或多种其它材料的共混物制成，所述其它材料选自PET、聚酯、聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、聚丙烯腈、聚烯烃、含氟聚合物、聚(丁二酸丁二醇酯)或它们的组合。
在一个实施例中，所述瓶由多个聚合物材料层形成。优选地，所述多个层中的至少一个为阻隔材料。在一个实施例中，所述瓶包含一种或多种着色颜料或染料。在另一个实施例中，这些材料全部可以可再循环或再研磨形式以及未加工形式使用。
附图说明
图1是本发明塑料包装的一个实施例的侧视图。
图2是本发明塑料包装的第二实施例的侧视图。
具体实施方式
具有1级或2级火灾危险的产品配方的这些和其它基本成分或限制因素以及稳定的塑料包装在下文中详细说明。
“稳定的包装”是基于在40℃下储存3个月时它们的行为定义的。稳定的包装不应在所述储存时示出可见的褪色或起雾，或具有多于1.5％的重量损失，或在给定的尺寸(即，直径、宽度、深度、长度或褶皱高度)方面示出多于2％变化，或破裂或导致沸腾液体膨胀蒸气爆炸(BLEVE)。“稳定的包装”的其它任选的特征包括不表现出龟裂和如通过差示扫描量热法(DSC)所测量的焓松弛已稳定的证据。
术语“塑料”是指一般来讲当加热时可模塑或成型，并且然后硬化成期望的形状的任何合成或有机材料，其包括但不限于聚合物、树脂和纤维素衍生物。
术语“塑料包装”是指基本上由塑料制成的气溶胶包装的容器器皿。包装的密封阀和致动器可以或可不必基本上由塑料制成。
术语“可再生材料”是指衍生自可再生资源的材料(即，在一段时间内可被自然修复或补充，即与人类使用相容的某物)。
除非另外指明，本文所用的所有百分比、份数和比率均按所述总组合物的重量计。除非另外指明，有关所列成分的所有重量均基于活性物质的含量，因此它们不包括可能包括在市售材料中的溶剂或副产物。
本发明的加压组合物可包含下列因素、由其组成、或基本上由其组成：本文所述的本发明的基本要素和限定条件、以及本文所述的或其他适用于旨在供哺乳动物消费的组合物的任何附加或任选成分、组分或限定条件。
PEF，尤其是单层PEF不遭受PET所遭受的使用柠檬烯、其它prms、推进剂以及其它成分的龟裂问题。由单层PEF(均聚物/共聚物)或PEF与PET的共混物或PEF(内部)和PET的层状构造制成的气溶胶瓶具有存在于颈部和肩部区域的较少的龟裂或完全没有龟裂。
PEF通过呋喃-1,4-二羧酸(FDCA)和乙二醇(EG；也称为单乙二醇或MEG)的缩合反应制成，其类似于用于制备PET的EG和对苯二甲酸之间的缩合反应。FDCA可由糖通过酸脱水以形成羟基甲基糠醛(HMF)或其衍生物来制备。然后这些衍生物可氧化成FDCA。乙二醇常规地可来源于石油资源，其导致部分可再生的PEF(75％的碳是可再生资源的)或者乙二醇还可来源于植物的糖以产生完全可再生的PEF(100％的碳是可再生资源的)。来源于糖的EG可通过如下方法来制备：将糖发酵产生乙醇，将乙醇脱水产生生物乙烯，将乙烯氧化产生生物环氧乙烷，并且将生物环氧乙烷水解产生生物EG。
单层PEF是用于本发明塑料包装的优选的材料。单层PEF比PET更耐苛性溶液如可引起整个瓶子水解破裂(不仅是龟裂)的过氧化物等漂白剂。此外，单层PEF能够满足在塑性气溶胶的整个必要储存寿命中的产品和推进剂损失规格，然而单独的PET则不能。
在一个实施例中，塑料包装由聚合物材料的多层结构形成。多层结构将进一步产生抗龟裂性的改善并增加包装寿命。优选地，所述多层结构的至少一层为PEF。最优选地，PEF为多层结构中的内部材料，确保拉伸应力下区域中更高的抗龟裂性。
不受理论的束缚，相对于PET，PEF(均聚物/共聚物)对于溶剂和prms诸如柠檬烯、水和其它化学物质的更好的阻隔特性和完整性特性，可能是由于相比于类似的对苯二甲酸的所有烃芳族环，含氧芳族呋喃环的更高极性以及PET比PET更高的结晶度。PET和PEF之间的这些区别可改变PEF与其所包含成分之间的相互作用，以便减少或甚至消除PEF瓶中的龟裂并显著减少产品中的水和推进剂损失。改善的阻隔特性、降低的对龟裂/破裂的敏感性以及尺寸稳定性是满足塑性气溶胶容器的2至3年储存寿命要求(产品/推进剂)的关键。
PEF气溶胶容器可连同PET再循环。作为另外一种选择，可对PEF设定单独的循环利用流。希望气溶胶容器是可再循环的，尤其是在存在大量循环利用基础设施的北美和其它发达国家中。例如，美国的一些州(例如California和Oregon)要求消费品公司将他们的瓶子制成可再循环的。
PEF(均聚物/共聚物)的有益效果还可通过与PET/生物-PET(部分或完全可再生的生物-PET)物理共混或配混来递送。其还可以与可再循环或再研磨的PET共混，所述PET可从消费品循环利用厂中收集(通常被称为PCR)，或者其可从工业循环利用源收集(在这种情况下，其被称为PIR)。在一些情况下，PEF可与基于石油的PET共混。在一个优选的实施例中，塑料包装中包含至多25％可再循环的PET。优选地，将至多25％可再循环的PET共混到PEF中。作为另外一种选择，可再循环的PET以单独的层包含在塑料包装中。在另一个可供选择的方式中，如果设置单独的PEF循环利用流，则塑料包装、底座、顶盖、标签和/或触发器可由至多50％可再循环的PEF以共混状态或以层状结构形式制成。优选地，至多100％的塑料包装、底座、顶盖、标签和/或触发器由PEF制成。
增强的阻隔和物理特性可通过与聚(萘二甲酸乙二醇酯)(PEN)物理共混或配混/反应性配混获得。附加的阻隔特性可通过与尼龙或液晶聚合物(LCP)物理共混或配混获得。PEF还可与PET、PEN、EVOH、LCP或尼龙或甚至聚丙烯(PP)或聚乙烯(PE)一起用于多层结构中以实现增强的被动阻隔和/或物理特性，因为这些材料相对于PEF具有减少的水透过率并且可以在使用或不使用接合层的情况下掺入结构中。增强的阻隔特性还可经由使用塑料包装的内涂层或外涂层获得。此类涂层包括SiO2、SiOx、Al2O3、AlOx、玻璃状、钻石状涂层、金属涂层和碳涂层。
PEF的有益效果可通过将能够清除各种分子诸如氧、水分等的各种化合物共混来增强。此类化合物的例子为可用于清除氧的金合欢烯。共混到PET中的金合欢烯还可用作在当前应用中增强龟裂的气溶胶化合物的清除剂。
在任何方面，本发明的塑料包装、底座、顶盖、触发器或标签中的至少一个可任选地包括着色剂母料，所述着色剂母料可任选使所述塑料包装、底座、顶盖、触发器或标签变成不透明。如本文所用，“着色剂母料”是指颜料以高浓度分散或染料以高浓度溶解在载体材料中的混合物。着色剂母料用于对最终产品赋予颜色。在一些实施例中，载体是基于生物的塑料或基于石油的塑料，然而在可供选择的实施例中，载体是基于生物的油或基于石油的油。着色剂母料可全部或部分地来源于石油资源、全部或部分地来源于可再生资源或者全部或部分地来源于可再循环的资源。载体的非限制性例子包括来源于生物的或来源于油的聚乙烯(例如，线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE))、来源于生物的油(例如，橄榄油、油菜籽油、花生油、大豆油、或氢化的来源于植物的油)、来源于石油的油、可再循环的油、来源于生物或来源于石油的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚丙烯以及它们的混合物。可来源于可再生资源或不可再生资源的载体内的颜料可包括例如无机颜料、有机颜料或染料、聚合物树脂或它们的混合物。颜料的非限制性例子包括二氧化钛(例如，金红石、锐钛矿)、铜酞菁、氧化锑、氧化锌、碳酸钙、热解法二氧化硅、酞菁(phthalocyamine)(例如，酞菁蓝)、群青蓝、钴蓝、单偶氮颜料、重氮颜料、酸性染料、碱性染料、喹吖啶酮、以及它们的混合物。在一些实施例中，着色剂母料还可包括一种或多种添加剂，所述添加剂可来源于可再生资源或不可再生资源。添加剂的非限制性例子包括增滑剂、紫外线吸收剂、成核剂、紫外线稳定剂、热稳定剂、澄清剂、填料、增白剂、加工助剂、香料、风味剂、发泡剂、超临界二氧化碳、氮以及它们的混合物。
在一些实施例中，在任何方面，可通过使用直接配混(即，在线配混)将颜色赋予本发明的塑料包装、底座、顶盖、触发器或标签。在这些实施例中，在注塑、吹塑或膜生产线的开始位置放置双螺杆配混机，并且在临制品形成之前将添加剂(如颜料)共混到树脂中。
在任何方面，可在本发明的塑料包装、底座、顶盖、触发器或标签中掺入附加的材料以改善塑料的强度或其它物理特性。此类附加的材料包括无机盐，诸如碳酸钙、硫酸钙、滑石粉、粘土(例如，纳米粘土)、氢氧化铝、CaSiO3、玻璃纤维、玻璃球、结晶二氧化硅(例如，石英、novacite、crystallobite)、氢氧化镁、云母、硫酸钠、锌钡白、碳酸镁、氧化铁、或它们的混合物。
PEF对本发明的塑料包装、底座、顶盖、触发器或标签的物理特性提供附加的有益效果，因为其具有比PET更高的抗水性和抗氧性。
推进剂
本发明的气溶胶产品可包含推进剂，所述推进剂产生足够的压力以迫使产品从罐中应用。本发明的产品可具有约10psig至约135psig的内部包装压力。压力水平可通过所用推进剂的类型和含量来控制。
本发明气溶胶产品的推进剂组分可包含任何与选择的制剂和包装相容的已知推进剂。当配制到气溶胶产品中时，优选的推进剂通常为液化气体的形式，并且包括二甲基醚、1,1-二氟乙烷、1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷、丁烷、异丁烷、丙烷、异戊烷、戊烷或它们的组合。按所述组合物的重量计，本发明的气溶胶产品中的总推进剂浓度的范围是从约5％到约99％、更典型地从约15％到约90％、甚至更优选地从约20％到约70％。其它合适的推进剂包括一氧化二氮，以及卤代烃诸如三氯氟甲烷、二氯二氟甲烷、二氯四氟乙烷、三氯三氟乙烷、一氯二氟甲烷、以及它们的组合。适用于本发明的具体推进剂的例子为Honeywell Propellant HFO1234ze。
当使用阀上袋体系时，可使用任何合适的气体将塑料包装加压。优选地，使用惰性气体。可用的惰性气体的例子包括氮气、二氧化碳、氩气和空气。在一个优选的实施例中，惰性气体为氮气(N2)。
包装
图1示出本发明一个实施例的侧视图。塑料包装(10)具有附接到阀(20)的递送装置(30)。所述阀控制气溶胶产品的流速。可将PEF用于制造塑性阀，所述塑性阀可代替典型的金属阀被胶合或焊接到塑料包装上。所述塑料包装还具有底座(40)以及任选地标签(50)。所述塑料包装可任选地包括顶盖。此外，塑料包装可任选地包括触发器以改善分配气溶胶产品的人体工程学。
图2示出本发明的可供选择的实施例。该实施例使用塑料包装(100)内部的罐中袋分配体系(或BOV“袋上阀”)。该体系用附接到阀(120)的袋(150)将产品与加压剂隔开。产品通过递送装置(130)分配。优选地，所述袋是气密地密封的。所述袋可以为单层或多层层合体。优选地，所述袋由PEF的膜(单层或多层构造)制成。该实施例还包括底座(140)。所述塑料包装可任选地包括顶盖。此外，塑料包装可任选地包括触发器以改善分配气溶胶产品的人体工程学。
本发明的气溶胶产品从总包装中递送，所述总包装包括递送装置、控制流速的阀以及当使用所述阀密封时容纳所述产品的稳定塑料包装。递送装置可为任何已知的递送装置，其包括但不限于按纽致动器和多孔的烧结圆顶。同样，可使用任何已知的阀，其能够将加压产品密封在塑料包装内，并且容易打开和闭合以控制产品释放至递送装置中。递送装置和阀两者均可由任何材料制成，所述材料包括但不限于金属、塑料或玻璃。
用于本发明的稳定塑料包装可由任何已知的塑料制成，其能够容纳加压产品并不以改变产品的组成，或改变塑料的外观，或减小包装的物理强度或尺寸，或减小包装容纳加压产品的能力的方式与包装相互作用。所述包装可由任何已知的塑料制成，其可成型或模塑成瓶并用阀密封。合适的塑料包括以下聚合物或共聚物：PEF、PET、聚酯、聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、聚丙烯腈、聚烯烃或含氟聚合物，以及适于模塑成容器的其它塑料。本发明中优选的是所述包装材料为PEF。
方法
A.容器
可采用吹塑生产本发明的容器。吹塑是由热塑性材料形成中空塑料部件的制造工艺。吹塑工艺开始是熔化热塑性塑料并使之形成为型坯或预成型件。型坯为管状的塑料件，一端带有压缩空气可穿过的孔。使用加压气体(通常为空气)使型坯或热的预成型件膨胀并使之挤压模具腔体。保持压力，直到塑料冷却。在塑料已冷却并硬化后，打开模具并弹出部件。
吹塑有三种主要类型：挤坯吹塑、注坯吹塑和注拉吹塑。在挤坯吹塑中，将熔融塑料管挤入模具腔体中并用压缩空气使之膨胀。筒的一端夹紧封闭。在塑料部件已经冷却后将其从模具中取出。这些容器可以是单层或多层的。
注坯吹塑(IBM)包括三个步骤：注坯、吹塑和弹出。首先，将熔融聚合物送入歧管，其在歧管中通过喷嘴被注入中空的加热预型件模具。预型件模具形成所得容器的外部形状，并夹绕形成预成型件的内部形状的芯轴(芯棒)。预成型件由完全成形的瓶/广口瓶颈构成，后者附接有厚的聚合物管，其将形成主体。预型件模具打开，并且旋转芯棒并夹入中空的冷却吹塑模具。芯棒打开并允许压缩空气进入预成型件，这使之膨胀到成品形状。冷却期过后，打开吹塑模具并将芯棒旋转到弹出位置。将成品剥离芯棒并进行裂漏测试。本文所述的注坯吹塑以及其它吹塑方法用于形成嵌入可生物降解的聚合物的制品部件。注坯吹塑可用于生产包含可生物降解的聚合物的共混物的容器。
注拉吹塑(ISBM)是用于由预成型件或型坯生产塑料容器的方法，当预成型件被吹塑成其所需的容器形状时，所述预成型件或型坯在环向和轴向方向上被拉伸。在ISBM方法中，首先采用注塑方法将塑料模塑成“预成型件”。生产的这些预成型件带有容器的颈，包括螺纹。包装预成型件，并且在冷却后送入再加热的拉伸吹塑机中。将预成型件加热到高于其玻璃化转变温度，然后使用高压空气吹塑，使用金属吹塑模具吹塑成容器。通常，拉伸预成型件，其中芯棒作为所述方法的一部分。注拉吹塑可用于制备本发明的容器。
优选地，本发明的容器为瓶。在一个实施例中，本发明的瓶由如下材料形成：未加工PEF、可再循环/再研磨型式的PEF、未加工PET、可再循环型式的PET或这些材料的再研磨型式。无论是未加工的、可再循环的或再研磨的，PEF和PET的基于生物的形式也是用于本发明的有用材料。在一个优选的实施例中，塑料包装由PEF形成。
B.底座
本发明的底座可使用注塑或热成形形成。注塑是用于由热塑性材料、热固性塑料材料、或它们的混合物生产部件的制造方法。在注塑期间，将聚合物材料送入料筒、混合、形成为熔体并迫使进入三维的模具腔体，其在这里通过冷却、加热和/或化学反应固化成模具腔体的构型。注塑可用于制备单层底座或多层底座。底座可由包括PEF、PET、PP和PE在内的多种材料形成。优选地，底座是热成形的并且所述底座材料由如下材料形成：未加工PEF、可再循环/再研磨型式的PEF、未加工PET、可再循环型式的PET或这些材料的再研磨型式。无论是未加工的、可再循环的或再研磨的，PEF和PET的基于生物的形式也是用于本发明中的有用材料。在一个优选的实施例中，底座材料由PEF形成。
C.标签
可采用膜挤出形成本发明的标签。在膜挤出中，将热塑性材料熔化并形成为连续的型材。在一些实施例中，共挤出多层膜。可通过本领域技术人员已知的任何方法进行膜挤出和共挤出。膜层可由包括PEF、PET、PP和PE在内的多种材料形成。优选地，所述膜层中的一个或多个由如下材料形成：未加工PEF、可再循环/再研磨型式的PEF、未加工PET、可再循环型式的PET或这些材料的再研磨型式。无论是未加工的、可再循环的或再研磨的，PEF和PET的基于生物的形式也是用于本发明的有用材料。在一个优选的实施例中，标签由PEF形成。本发明的标签可使用压敏粘合剂或使用缩膜标签施用。
D.顶盖
本发明的顶盖可使用注塑或热成形形成。注塑可用于制备单层盖或多层盖。所述顶盖可由包括PEF、PET、PP和PE在内的多种材料形成。优选地，所述顶盖是热成形的并且顶盖材料由如下材料形成：未加工PEF、可再循环/再研磨型式的PEF、未加工PET、可再循环型式的PET或这些材料的再研磨型式。无论是未加工的、可再循环的或再研磨的，PEF和PET的基于生物的形式也是用于本发明的有用材料。在一个优选的实施例中，顶盖材料由PEF形成。
E.触发器
所述塑料包装可任选地包括触发器以激活气溶胶产品的分配。本发明的触发器可使用注塑或热成形形成。注塑可用于制备触发器。所述触发器可由包括PEF、PET、PP和PE在内的多种材料形成。优选地，所述触发器是热成形的并且触发器材料由如下材料形成：未加工PEF、可再循环/再研磨型式的PEF、未加工PET、可再循环型式的PET或这些材料的再研磨型式。无论是未加工、可再循环的或再研磨的，PEF和PET的基于生物的形式也是用于本发明的有用材料。在一个优选的实施例中，触发器由PEF形成。
测定物理特性
阻隔特性可经由水蒸气传输速率(WVTR；ASTM F-1249)和氧气透过速率(OTR；ASTM D3985)测量直接获得。物理特性可通过拉伸(ASTM D638)、弯曲模量(ASTM D790)、和热挠曲(ASTM D648)测量来测定。抗环境胁迫断裂性通过将ASTM Izod棒或从瓶中切割的部分在应力下置于顶部空间或与产品直接接触，然后通过光学/SEM/TEM表征来测定。抗蠕变性通过将ASTM V型犬骨在应力下置于顶部空间或与产品直接接触，并沿标距长度变化来测定。
基于生物的内容物可使用ASTM D6866直接测量。包装的绝对失效经由安全封装中的掉落测试来测定–该测试测定整个包装的抗物理破裂性。由于推进剂通过包装壁的损失导致的压力损失可经由压力计来测量。可对于典型的北美再循环器测定再循环使用的能力，所述测定按照由APR–塑料循环利用协会提供的被批准的测试来进行；在欧洲，欧洲循环利用协会具有一套独立的测试，所述测试可由各种组织如PTI Europe和WRAP UK执行。材料的LCA的测量经由标准ISO LCA方法(ISO 14040)来测定。
本文所公开的量纲和值不可理解为严格限于所引用的精确值。相反，除非另外指明，每个这样的量纲旨在表示所述值以及围绕该值功能上等同的范围。例如，所公开的量纲“40mm”旨在表示“约40mm”。
具体实施方式中所有引用文献的相关部分均以引用方式并入本文；任何文献的引用不可解释为对其作为本发明的现有技术的认可。当本文献中术语的任何含义或定义与以引用方式并入本文的文献中相同术语的任何含义或定义冲突时，将以赋予本文献中那个术语的含义或定义为准。
尽管已用具体实施例举例说明和描述了本发明，但对于本领域中技术人员将显而易见的是，在不脱离本发明的实质和范围的情况下可作出许多其它的改变和变型。因此，所附权利要求书旨在涵盖本发明范围内的所有此类改变和变型。
Claims (15)
1.一种用于分配气溶胶形式的产品的塑料包装，其包括具有递送装置的瓶、控制流速的阀、以及当使用所述阀密封时容纳所述产品的稳定塑料包装，其中所述稳定塑料包装的至少一部分包含聚(2,5-呋喃二甲酸乙二酯)(PEF)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的塑料包装，其还包括连接至所述阀的袋，其中所述袋包含产品，并且进一步地，其中所述产品为液体、凝胶、悬浮液、溶液、糊剂或泡沫。
3.根据权利要求2所述的塑料包装，其中所述袋包含PEF。
4.根据权利要求1所述的塑料包装，其中所述瓶具有颈部区域并且所述颈部区域包含PEF。
5.根据权利要求1所述的塑料包装，其中所述塑料包装还包括底座并且所述底座包含PEF。
6.根据权利要求1所述的塑料包装，其中所述塑料包装还包括标签并且所述标签包含PEF。
7.根据权利要求1所述的塑料包装，其中所述塑料包装还包括顶盖并且所述顶盖包含PEF。
8.根据权利要求1所述的塑料包装，其中所述塑料包装还包括触发器并且所述触发器包含PEF。
9.根据权利要求1所述的塑料包装，其中所述产品包含推进剂，其中所述推进剂选自二甲基醚、1,1-二氟乙烷、1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷、丁烷、异丁烷、丙烷、异戊烷、戊烷、一氧化二氮或它们的组合。
10.根据权利要求2所述的塑料包装，其中所述塑料包装使用惰性气体加压。
11.根据权利要求1所述的塑料包装，其中所述包装基本上是透明的。
12.根据权利要求1所述的塑料包装，其中约10％至100％的所述塑料包装包含基于生物的内容物。
13.根据权利要求1所述的塑料包装，其中所述PEF与金合欢烯共混。
14.根据权利要求1所述的塑料包装，其中所述包装由PEF和一种或多种其它材料的共混物制成，所述其它材料选自聚(对苯二甲酸乙二酯)(PET)、聚酯、聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、聚丙烯腈、聚烯烃、含氟聚合物、所有这些聚合物的未加工、可再循环和再研磨型式以及它们的组合。
15.根据权利要求1所述的塑料包装，其中所述瓶由多个聚合物材料层形成。
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| PCT/US2013/036686 WO2013158582A2 (en) | 2012-04-16 | 2013-04-16 | Plastic packages for dispensing aerosol products having improved crazing resistance and sustainability |
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| US20130270295A1 (en) | 2013-10-17 |
| MX2014011548A (es) | 2014-11-14 |
| JP2015500187A (ja) | 2015-01-05 |
| EP2763908B1 (en) | 2015-11-18 |
| US20180317626A1 (en) | 2018-11-08 |
| JP2015516341A (ja) | 2015-06-11 |
| US20160113376A1 (en) | 2016-04-28 |
| US9622563B2 (en) | 2017-04-18 |
| EP2838933A1 (en) | 2015-02-25 |
| WO2013158582A3 (en) | 2014-05-30 |
| MX361965B (es) | 2018-12-19 |
| CN104011134B (zh) | 2016-02-03 |
| WO2013158477A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
| CN104271633A (zh) | 2015-01-07 |
| MX2014012417A (es) | 2015-01-19 |
| US20130270212A1 (en) | 2013-10-17 |
| JP6317261B2 (ja) | 2018-04-25 |
| JP6170135B2 (ja) | 2017-07-26 |
| BR112014025607B1 (pt) | 2021-01-05 |
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