CN104002220A - Device and method for single abrasive grain grinding experiments under assistance of ultrasonic vibration - Google Patents
Device and method for single abrasive grain grinding experiments under assistance of ultrasonic vibration Download PDFInfo
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- CN104002220A CN104002220A CN201410241159.2A CN201410241159A CN104002220A CN 104002220 A CN104002220 A CN 104002220A CN 201410241159 A CN201410241159 A CN 201410241159A CN 104002220 A CN104002220 A CN 104002220A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/58—Investigating machinability by cutting tools; Investigating the cutting ability of tools
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
A device for single abrasive grain grinding experiments under the assistance of ultrasonic vibration comprises a super precision machine tool, a tool setting system, an ultrasonic vibration system, a force measurement system, a high-speed camera shooting system and a data processing system. A method for the single abrasive grain grinding experiments under the assistance of ultrasonic vibration comprises the steps of installing a workpiece in an air floatation spindle clamp of the super precision machine tool; utilizing the tool setting system to rapidly accurately perform tool setting; dismantling the tool setting system, starting the super precision machine tool and the ultrasonic vibration system, utilizing the force measurement system to perform on-line detection and recording on single abrasive grain stress conditions in the experiment processing, and transmitting data to a computer; and utilizing the high-speed camera shooting system to perform on-line observation and recording on a abrasive grain movement trail in the grinding process, the microscopic changing process and the material removing process. The device and the method genuinely reflect the grinding process of a whole grinding wheel and can particularly reflect the abrasive grain cutting process under the conditions of ultrasonic grinding and can provide valuable experimental data for manufacture and research of the grinding wheel and a cutting mechanism of the grinding wheel.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to accurate ultra Machining Technology field, relate in particular to the auxiliary abrasive particle grinding experiment device and method that places an order of a kind of ultrasonic vibration.
Background technology
At present, along with the development of accurate ultra Machining Technology, grinding occupies the grinding of immeasurable critical role, particularly difficult-to-machine material, under ultrasonic vibration is auxiliary, carrying out grinding more has its unique superiority, thereby is widely used.Grinding process is studied carefully the resultant effect that its essence is the swiping that the discrete abrasive particles that are distributed in wheel face complete in a large number, cultivated plough, shear action, various physics, Mechanics Phenomenon mechanism of production complexity.For the research of grinding, roughly there are two kinds of modes: the one, set about from macroscopic view, regard emery wheel as an entirety, study grinding force by grinding experiment, the grinding physical quantitys such as grinding temperature; The 2nd, see angle from being situated between and set about, regard grinding process as a large amount of arrangements in grinding tool surface uneven, the working angles that the irregular different abrasive particle that distributes completes jointly.In scientific research, complicated phenomenon is abstracted into a kind of pattern of simplification, carry out theory analysis and experimental study, be used for inquiring into some the most essential problems, be a kind of conventional method.Therefore, the shear action of tiny abrasive particle that forms emery wheel is the basis of grinding, and single abrasive grain cutting, as the basic model of grinding, becomes a kind of important means of the complicated ablation of understanding.
Grinding process is the micro cutting process that grinding tool surface active grain completes jointly.The shear action of tiny abrasive particle that forms emery wheel is the basis of metal removal, single abrasive grain cutting result is carried out integrated at grinding area, just can explain the various physical phenomenons in grinding process.Therefore the mechanism research of single abrasive grain cutting becomes a kind of important means of the complicated grinding principle of understanding.Modal single grain grinding test is carried out on common plane grinding machine, can be divided into pendulum and swiping experimental technique according to abrasive particle and workpiece relative movement orbit, wherein swiping experimental method is divided into again ball one and coils frictional experiment method, straight line swiping method and wedge shape swiping method.Although single grain grinding experimental study has very long research history and also has suitable achievement, but those test technology processes were all based on single abrasive particle scriber in the past, the research that the thinking of single abrasive particle impression is carried out, can only study the static change of single abrasive particle under certain state, its process can not represent the grinding process of single abrasive particle and be faced with Cutting tool installation manner loaded down with trivial details intuitively, tool setting process trouble, and the single grain grinding speed of experiment of said method test is well below actual single grain grinding speed, and the repeatability of its result is bad, the detection of working angles physical quantity and abrasive particle micro-variations analytic process also have very large difficulty.In addition above-mentioned method of testing also can only partial simulation single simulation grinding process in conventional grinding situation, and can not simulate the grinding process at ultrasonic vibration grinding Imitating.Ultrasonic grinding processing at present has been widely used in the wide field of machining such as Aero-Space, automobile, optics, understand in depth under ultrasonic vibration condition, the removal mechanism of wheel grinding workpiece, just needs to understand at the ultrasonic vibration working angles of an abrasive particle to material that place an order.Therefore, in accurate ultra field of machining, urgently a kind of technique is simple in the grinding process analysis of particularly ultrasonic vibration situation of the grinding process lower grinding wheel to difficult-to-machine material, easy to operate, be easy to control and can represent ultrasonic vibration single grain grinding experimental provision and the method for abrasive particle dynamic change.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, in order to solve weak point of the prior art, provides the auxiliary abrasive particle grinding experiment device and method that places an order of ultrasonic vibration that a kind of skill is simple, easy to operate, be easy to control and can represent abrasive particle dynamic change.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: the auxiliary abrasive particle grinding experiment device that places an order of ultrasonic vibration, comprise ultra-precision machine tool, setting system, ultrasonic vibration system, dynamometric system, high speed video system and data handling system, ultra-precision machine tool is provided with air-flotation workbench, air-flotation workbench is provided with supporting disk, dynamometric system is located on supporting disk, dynamometric system is provided with tool holder, ultrasonic vibration system comprises ultrasonic generation power supply, transducer and ultrasonic transformer, transducer is located at ultrasonic transformer upper end, ultrasonic generation power supply is connected with transducer by wire, tool holder is provided with cutter fine adjustment mechanism, ultrasonic transformer is located on cutter fine adjustment mechanism, the clutch end of ultrasonic transformer is provided with single abrasive particle cutter of electroplated diamond, high speed video system is located on ultra-precision machine tool, data handling system comprises charge amplifier, data collecting card and computer, dynamometric system, charge amplifier, data collecting card is connected by data wire in turn with computer.
The auxiliary abrasive particle grinding experiment method that places an order of ultrasonic vibration, comprises the following steps,
(1), workpiece is arranged on the air-floating main shaft fixture of ultra-precision machine tool; Setting system is installed on the air-flotation workbench of ultra-precision machine tool;
(2), utilize the imaging system on setting system, by regulating air-flotation workbench and cutter fine adjustment mechanism to carry out quick and precisely tool setting;
(3), after tool setting completes, setting system is dismantled, start ultra-precision machine tool and ultrasonic vibration system, make single abrasive particle cutter of electroplated diamond produce Z-direction ultrasonic vibration, by manipulation machine tool numerical control system, make single abrasive particle cutter of electroplated diamond at workpiece spindle to realizing screwfeed, and in feeding process, stage is deepened the micro cutting degree of depth, dynamometric system detects and record online to single abrasive particle stressing conditions in experimentation, and data are transferred to computer through charge amplifier, data collecting card;
(4), the removal process of movement locus, micro-variations process and the material of high speed video system to abrasive particle in grinding process is carried out online observation and record;
(5), by changing different cutting speed, can simulate the cutting ability of single abrasive particle under different machining conditions; Close ultrasonic vibration system, simulate the cutting ability of single abrasive particle in conventional grinding situation.
In described step (3), single abrasive particle cutter of electroplated diamond suffered power in feeding process passes to tool holder by ultrasonic transformer, tool holder is again by the stressed dynamometric system that passes to, the dynamic variable signal of power is transferred to connected data handling system by dynamometric system, can realize detection and the record of grinding force dynamic change in the auxiliary abrasive particle grinding process that places an order of ultrasonic vibration.
In described step (4), utilize the working angles of the ultrasonic auxiliary abrasive particle that places an order of high speed video system online observation, observe that abrasive particle in grinding process cracks, broken, the micro-variations that comes off, and the removal process of material.
Adopt technique scheme, the present invention is applied to accurate ultra field of machining, for the grinding research of various types of materials provides technical support, research method and theory analysis, is specially adapted to the research of single grain grinding experiment in ultrasonic secondary process process.In addition, by changing the experiment impact analysis of different cutting parameters to single abrasive particle, also can instruct and suggestion for the preparation of emery wheel provides.The present invention not only can realize the contrast test under ultrasonic vibration grinding and plain grinding, and variation to grinding force in experimentation and the micro-variations of abrasive particle and the removal process of material all can realize online dynamically observation, its technical process is simply easy to realize, easy to operate being easy to controlled, and realizes respond well.
The invention provides experimental provision and the method for single abrasive grain cutting process of a set of simulation, can reflect really the grinding process of whole emery wheel, particularly can reflect the working angles of abrasive particle in ultrasonic grinding situation, the cutting scheme that can be the manufacture of emery wheel and research, emery wheel provides valuable experimental data.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, the auxiliary abrasive particle grinding experiment device that places an order of ultrasonic vibration of the present invention, comprise ultra-precision machine tool 1, setting system 14, ultrasonic vibration system, dynamometric system 9, high speed video system 12 and data handling system, ultra-precision machine tool 1 is provided with air-flotation workbench 13, air-flotation workbench 13 is provided with supporting disk 10, dynamometric system 9 is located on supporting disk 10, dynamometric system 9 is provided with tool holder 7, ultrasonic vibration system comprises ultrasonic generation power supply 15, transducer 16 and ultrasonic transformer 5, transducer 16 is located at ultrasonic transformer 5 upper ends, ultrasonic generation power supply 15 is connected with transducer 16 by wire, tool holder 7 is provided with cutter fine adjustment mechanism 6, cutter fine adjustment mechanism 6 adopts lead screw transmission mode, ultrasonic transformer 5 is located on cutter fine adjustment mechanism 6, the clutch end of ultrasonic transformer 5 is provided with single abrasive particle cutter 8 of electroplated diamond, high speed video system 12 is located on ultra-precision machine tool 1, data handling system comprises charge amplifier 17, data collecting card 18 and computer 19, dynamometric system 9, charge amplifier 17, data collecting card 18 is connected by data wire in turn with computer 19.
Ultra-precision machine tool 1, setting system 14, ultrasonic vibration system, dynamometric system 9, high speed video system 12 and data handling system in the present invention are existing mature technology, and concrete structure repeats no more.
Concrete process of the test of the present invention is:
(1), workpiece 4 is arranged on the air-floating main shaft fixture 3 of ultra-precision machine tool 1; Setting system 14 is installed on the air-flotation workbench 13 of ultra-precision machine tool 1;
(2), utilize the CCD amplification imaging system of setting system 14 to make to be presented on display 11 after single abrasive particle amplification on single abrasive particle cutter 8 of electroplated diamond, regulate abrasive particle (X, Y-direction) the level trace on single abrasive particle cutter 8 of electroplated diamond mobile by movable air-float workbench 13, single the abrasive particle Z-direction trace that regulates the cutter fine adjustment mechanism 6 on ultrasonic vibration system to realize on single abrasive particle cutter 8 of electroplated diamond moves, and realizes the quick and precisely tool setting of cutter;
(3), after tool setting completes, setting system 14 is dismantled, start ultra-precision machine tool 1 and ultrasonic vibration system, make single abrasive particle cutter 8 of electroplated diamond produce Z-direction ultrasonic vibration, by manipulation machine tool numerical control system 2, make single abrasive particle cutter 8 of electroplated diamond axially realize screwfeed at workpiece 4, and in feeding process, stage is deepened the micro cutting degree of depth, dynamometric system 9 detects and record online to single abrasive particle stressing conditions in experimentation, and data are transferred to computer 19 through charge amplifier 17, data collecting card 18;
(4), the removal process of movement locus, micro-variations process and the material of high speed video system 12 to abrasive particle in grinding process is carried out online observation and record;
(5), by changing different cutting speed, can simulate the cutting ability of single abrasive particle under different machining conditions; Close ultrasonic vibration system, simulate the cutting ability of single abrasive particle in conventional grinding situation.
In above-mentioned steps (3), single abrasive particle cutter 8 of electroplated diamond suffered power in feeding process passes to tool holder 7 by ultrasonic transformer 5, tool holder 7 is again by the stressed dynamometric system 9 that passes to, the dynamic variable signal of power is transferred to connected data handling system by dynamometric system 9, can realize detection and the record of grinding force dynamic change in the auxiliary abrasive particle grinding process that places an order of ultrasonic vibration.
In above-mentioned steps (4), utilize the working angles of the ultrasonic auxiliary abrasive particle that places an order of high speed video system 12 online observations, observe that abrasive particle in grinding process cracks, broken, the micro-variations that comes off, and the removal process of material.
The auxiliary abrasive particle grinding experiment method that places an order of ultrasonic vibration of the present invention, comprises the following steps,
(1), workpiece 4 is arranged on the air-floating main shaft fixture 3 of ultra-precision machine tool 1; Setting system 14 is installed on the air-flotation workbench 13 of ultra-precision machine tool 1;
(2), utilize the imaging system on setting system 14, by regulating air-flotation workbench 13 and cutter fine adjustment mechanism 6 to carry out quick and precisely tool setting;
(3), after tool setting completes, setting system 14 is dismantled, start ultra-precision machine tool 1 and ultrasonic vibration system, make single abrasive particle cutter 8 of electroplated diamond produce Z-direction ultrasonic vibration, by manipulation machine tool numerical control system 2, make single abrasive particle cutter 8 of electroplated diamond axially realize screwfeed at workpiece 4, and in feeding process, stage is deepened the micro cutting degree of depth, dynamometric system 9 detects and record online to single abrasive particle stressing conditions in experimentation, and data are transferred to computer 19 through charge amplifier 17, data collecting card 18;
(4), the removal process of movement locus, micro-variations process and the material of high speed video system 12 to abrasive particle in grinding process is carried out online observation and record;
(5), by changing different cutting speed, can simulate the cutting ability of single abrasive particle under different machining conditions; Close ultrasonic vibration system, simulate the cutting ability of single abrasive particle in conventional grinding situation.
In above-mentioned steps (3), single abrasive particle cutter 8 of electroplated diamond suffered power in feeding process passes to tool holder 7 by ultrasonic transformer 5, tool holder 7 is again by the stressed dynamometric system 9 that passes to, the dynamic variable signal of power is transferred to connected data handling system by dynamometric system 9, can realize detection and the record of grinding force dynamic change in the auxiliary abrasive particle grinding process that places an order of ultrasonic vibration.
In above-mentioned steps (4), utilize the working angles of the ultrasonic auxiliary abrasive particle that places an order of high speed video system 12 online observations, observe that abrasive particle in grinding process cracks, broken, the micro-variations that comes off, and the removal process of material.
The present embodiment is not done any pro forma restriction to shape of the present invention, material, structure etc.; any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that every foundation technical spirit of the present invention is done above embodiment, all belong to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the auxiliary abrasive particle grinding experiment device that places an order of ultrasonic vibration, it is characterized in that: comprise ultra-precision machine tool, setting system, ultrasonic vibration system, dynamometric system, high speed video system and data handling system, ultra-precision machine tool is provided with air-flotation workbench, air-flotation workbench is provided with supporting disk, dynamometric system is located on supporting disk, dynamometric system is provided with tool holder, ultrasonic vibration system comprises ultrasonic generation power supply, transducer and ultrasonic transformer, transducer is located at ultrasonic transformer upper end, ultrasonic generation power supply is connected with transducer by wire, tool holder is provided with cutter fine adjustment mechanism, ultrasonic transformer is located on cutter fine adjustment mechanism, the clutch end of ultrasonic transformer is provided with single abrasive particle cutter of electroplated diamond, high speed video system is located on ultra-precision machine tool, data handling system comprises charge amplifier, data collecting card and computer, dynamometric system, charge amplifier, data collecting card is connected by data wire in turn with computer.
2. the auxiliary abrasive particle grinding experiment method that places an order of ultrasonic vibration according to claim 1, is characterized in that: comprises the following steps,
(1), workpiece is arranged on the air-floating main shaft fixture of ultra-precision machine tool; Setting system is installed on the air-flotation workbench of ultra-precision machine tool;
(2), utilize the imaging system on setting system, by regulating air-flotation workbench and cutter fine adjustment mechanism to carry out quick and precisely tool setting;
(3), after tool setting completes, setting system is dismantled, start ultra-precision machine tool and ultrasonic vibration system, make single abrasive particle cutter of electroplated diamond produce Z-direction ultrasonic vibration, by manipulation machine tool numerical control system, make single abrasive particle cutter of electroplated diamond at workpiece spindle to realizing screwfeed, and in feeding process, stage is deepened the micro cutting degree of depth, dynamometric system detects and record online to single abrasive particle stressing conditions in experimentation, and data are transferred to computer through charge amplifier, data collecting card;
(4), the removal process of movement locus, micro-variations process and the material of high speed video system to abrasive particle in grinding process is carried out online observation and record;
(5), by changing different cutting speed, can simulate the cutting ability of single abrasive particle under different machining conditions; Close ultrasonic vibration system, simulate the cutting ability of single abrasive particle in conventional grinding situation.
3. the auxiliary abrasive particle grinding experiment method that places an order of ultrasonic vibration according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: in described step (3), single abrasive particle cutter of electroplated diamond suffered power in feeding process passes to tool holder by ultrasonic transformer, tool holder is again by the stressed dynamometric system that passes to, the dynamic variable signal of power is transferred to connected data handling system by dynamometric system, can realize detection and the record of grinding force dynamic change in the auxiliary abrasive particle grinding process that places an order of ultrasonic vibration.
4. according to the auxiliary abrasive particle grinding experiment method that places an order of the ultrasonic vibration described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: in described step (4), utilize the working angles of the ultrasonic auxiliary abrasive particle that places an order of high speed video system online observation, observe that abrasive particle in grinding process cracks, broken, the micro-variations that comes off, and the removal process of material.
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| CN104526471A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-04-22 | 河南理工大学 | Ultrasonic 3D vibration and ELID (Electrolytic In-process Dressing) combined precision grinding system and method |
| CN104526556A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-04-22 | 清华大学 | Single-grain grinding experimental device |
| CN104568628A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-04-29 | 清华大学 | Grinding experiment method under single grain multi-level speed conditions |
| CN104568633A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-29 | 清华大学 | Speed and temperature controllable single-particle grinding experimental device |
| CN105445132A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-03-30 | 河南理工大学 | Novel ultrasonic vibration assisted scratching test device for single abrasive grain and test method |
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