CN105548003B - The abrasive grain scratching that diamond cutter has non-ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops test method fastly - Google Patents
The abrasive grain scratching that diamond cutter has non-ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops test method fastly Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The abrasive grain scratching for having non-ferrous metal test specimen in advance the invention discloses diamond cutter stops test method fastly, belongs to the material properties test in machining and precise and ultraprecise machining field, non-ferrous metal test specimen is fixed and carries out on-line dynamic balancing；It carries out repairing disk using diamond cutter, end face run-out and roughness requirements needed for reaching test；Test specimen is with specified revolving speed rotation; top is connected with the tool heads of single abrasive particle with specified cutting-in radial feed scratching; spiral scratch is formed in test specimen end face; tool heads and test specimen moment are detached from during scratching; realize " the freezing " of abrasive grain and test specimen contact condition during single abrasive scratches; pass through measuring three-dimensional morphology and microexamination; the Related Mechanisms such as material deformation, machined surface formation, the interface friction in abrasive grain removal materials process can be better understood by, and then the further investigation for abrasive machinings process material cutting mechanisms such as grindings provides means.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs in being machined material properties test and precise and ultraprecise machining field, and in particular to Buddha's warrior attendant
The abrasive grain scratching that stone cutter has non-ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops test method fastly.
Background technique
Stop test method fastly and be also quick roll setting test method, refer to makes cutter or abrasive grain speed away cutting using external force
Or grinding area keeps material for test to deform wink so that " freezing " exits the instantaneously contact condition with test specimen in cutter or abrasive grain
Between state be recorded, and do not destroyed by subsequent process.This deformation moment can pass through subsequent metallographic
Sample preparation and microexamination carry out deeper into analysis.This method can further investigate the removal of the material in cutting or grinding process
Mechanism has been developed there are many quick-stop device in metal cutting field, and corresponding test result also has in correlative theses
Report, but in grinding field, the test method of stopping fastly for single abrasive particle scratching is had not been reported.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention in place of overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide diamond cutter to have non-ferrous metal examination in advance
The abrasive grain scratching of part stops test method fastly, by making the tool heads for installing abrasive grain be detached from the contact area of abrasive grain and test specimen rapidly,
Realize that " the freezing " of abrasive grain and test specimen contact condition during single abrasive scratches can be better understood by mill by microexamination
The Related Mechanisms such as material deformation, machined surface formation, interface friction in grain removal materials process, and then be the abrasive grains such as grinding
The further investigation of process Material Removal Mechanism provides means.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
The abrasive grain scratching that diamond cutter has non-ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops test method fastly, comprising:
1) non-ferrous metal test specimen is fixed on electro spindle, test specimen can be rotated by electro spindle；The test specimen is carried out online
Dynamic balancing；
2) test specimen is carried out to repair disk using diamond single point cutter, is better than with forming end face run-out amount in surface of test piece
IT1 grades, surface average roughness Ra repairs disk area better than 10nm's, the specific steps are as follows:
2-1) polycrystalline diamond single-point lathe tool repairs disk: vertical turning mode, when repairing disk the range of speeds of test specimen be 2000~
10000rpm, polycrystalline diamond single-point lathe tool is on the outside of test specimen with 10~50 μm of cutting-in along test specimen radial feed, feed speed
Range is 0.4~1.2mm/s, and feeding distance is the 1/4~1/2 of test specimen diameter；
2-2) single-crystal diamond single-point lathe tool repairs disk: vertical turning mode, when repairing disk the range of speeds of test specimen be 2000~
10000rpm, single-crystal diamond single-point lathe tool is on the outside of test specimen with 2~10 μm of cutting-in along test specimen radial feed, feed speed model
It encloses for 0.1~0.3 mm/s, feeding distance is the 1/4~1/2 of test specimen diameter；
3) diamond single point cutter touches tool setting gauge, and determination repairs disk area and tool setting gauge to the difference in height h of knife plane0；It will
Diamond single point cutter is changed to the tool heads that top is connected with single abrasive particle, and the abrasive grain on tool heads top touches tool setting gauge, then
Tool heads are moved up into h along the axial direction that test specimen rotates0+ δ, so that the abrasive grain on tool heads top is located at test specimen and repairs above disk area
At δ, complete to knife；
4) tool heads level is moved to and is repaired right above the scratching point of disk area, and move down δ+apSo that scratching depth is ap；Root
According to the scratching radius R where scratching speed v and the scratching point that need to be tested, pass throughThe setting of calculation testing piece
Revolving speed n；Test specimen is rotated according to setting speed n, and tool heads are radially fed, so that abrasive grain scratches to form spiral repairing disk area
Shape scratch, tool heads moment and test specimen are detached from during scratching, and the instantaneous linear velocity for being detached from moment tool heads top is higher than test specimen
Linear velocity is rotated, the contact condition of moment abrasive grain and test specimen is detached from " freezing "；Survey during this by being connected with tool heads
Measure the data during system acquisition scratching.
In one embodiment: the abrasive grain is diamond, CBN, oxide ceramics or nitride ceramics, and abrasive grain shape is ball
Shape, cone or polygonal pyramid shape；The abrasive grain is fixed in tool heads top by mechanical grip, plating or soldering；The tool heads
For pressure head.
In one embodiment: the test specimen is disc.
In one embodiment: the measuring system is dynamometry and acoustic emission system, dynamometer, sound including the connection of mutual signal
Emission system, data collecting card and signal amplifier；The tool heads are connected with dynamometer and acoustic emission system.
In one embodiment: the intrinsic frequency of the dynamometer is higher than 4KHz, and dynamometry precision is better than 0.01N；The data are adopted
The sample rate of truck is higher than 2M/s.
In one embodiment: in the step 2), end face radius smaller portions linear velocity is smaller when due to test, can not achieve
Higher scratching speed, in order to improve efficiency, spherical mounted point feeding distance is less than test specimen radius when repairing disk, and repairing disk area is annulus
Shape.
In one embodiment: the tool heads are superior in the positioning accuracy of the axial direction and radial direction that rotate along test specimen
0.1μm。
In one embodiment: the positioning accuracy of the tool setting gauge is better than 0.1 μm.
In one embodiment: in the step 4), tool heads are detached from by high rigidity spring or pneumatic impact wrench moment and test specimen.
In one embodiment: the tool heads axis is parallel to test specimen rotation axis.
In addition to being described, the connection type between the single treatment process and each device of each device according to the present invention is equal
For this field routine techniques, it is not described in detail herein.
The technical program compared with the background art, it has the following advantages:
1. single abrasive particle scratching of the invention stops test method fastly, during scratching, keep the tool heads for installing abrasive grain fast
Speed is detached from the contact area of abrasive grain and test specimen, realizes and is detached from moment abrasive grain and test specimen contact condition during single abrasive scratching
" freezing " can be better understood by material deformation in abrasive grain removal materials process, machined surface shape by microexamination
At Related Mechanisms such as, interface frictions, and then the further investigation for abrasive machinings process material cutting mechanisms such as grindings provides means.
2. the present invention carries out on-line dynamic balancing to main shaft-sample system, the substantially end face in high-speed rotation is avoided
Bounce or circular runout, to keep the steady contact state between abrasive grain and test specimen；Meanwhile being added using single-point diamond ultraprecise
Work technology carries out on-line machining to test specimen, while improving the form accuracy and surface smoothness of test specimen, improves test specimen revolution
Precision and grain motion precision cooperate dynamic balancing, are further ensured that ensure that the relative motion precision between abrasive grain and test specimen
It above can continually and steadily be contacted between abrasive grain and test specimen in longer scratching distance, to realize the high-speed, high precision scratching of abrasive grain
Test, and then guarantee the accuracy for stopping test fastly.
3. the machined surface quality of test specimen must be better than the surface that correlation grinding process obtain according to the common sense of this field
Quality is preferably higher by an order of magnitude, and obtained scratch test result could be used for the analysis of grinding process cutting mechanisms；Due to
The present invention greatly improves the quality of surface of test piece, therefore can satisfy wanting for the high accuracy analysis such as grinding process cutting mechanisms
It asks, can be used for the research of Material Removal Mechanism in process of friction and wear and grinding.
4. abrasive grain scratching depth is greater than 5 times or more of the surface of test piece fluctuating quantity stability that just can guarantee scratching, due to
The present invention greatly improves the quality of surface of test piece, and surface of test piece precision and finish are good, even the abrasive grain of small grain size also can
It realizes that stablizing high-precision scratches, therefore can be used for the single abrasive particle scratching test of small grain size abrasive grain, further expanded this hair
Bright application range, and industry single abrasive particle scratching experimental technique is greatly facilitated.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is test method schematic illustration of the invention.
Fig. 2 repairs disk Principle of Process schematic diagram for of the invention.
Fig. 3 stops schematic illustration for of the invention fastly, and it is also " freezing " that wherein Fig. 3 b, which is enlarged diagram at A in Fig. 3 a,
Abrasive grain and test specimen are detached from moment schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the comparison of surface of test piece three-dimensional appearance before and after repairing disk in the embodiment of the present invention, and wherein Fig. 4 a is (warp before repairing disk
Conventional smart car technique processing), Fig. 4 b is after repairing disk.
Fig. 5 is the comparison of surface of test piece end face run-out amount before and after repairing disk in the embodiment of the present invention, and wherein Fig. 5 a is before repairing disk
(processing through conventional smart car technique), end face run-out amount maximum value is up to 17.7 μm；Fig. 5 b is after repairing disk, and end face run-out amount is most
Big value is 2.9 μm.
Fig. 6 is the SEM photograph and three-dimensional appearance schematic diagram of scratch in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is that abrasive grain and test specimen are detached from the three-dimensional shaped that moment, that is, scratch front end is " frozen " region in the embodiment of the present invention
Looks schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 is that abrasive grain and test specimen are detached from the two dimension section that moment, that is, scratch front end is " frozen " region in the embodiment of the present invention
Face pattern schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 is in comparative example of the present invention to repair disk area and do not repair the single abrasive particle of disk area continuously to scratch and stop test result fastly
Schematic diagram.
Appended drawing reference: test specimen 1, tool heads 2 repair disk area 3, tool setting gauge 4, diamond bit 5.
Specific embodiment
The contents of the present invention are illustrated below by embodiment:
A kind of single abrasive particle that diamond cutter has non-ferrous metal test specimen in advance continuously scratches test method, used device
Include:
Lathe, disc non-ferrous metal test specimen 1 is installed on the electro spindle of lathe, and test specimen 1 can be rotated by electro spindle；
Dynamic balance instrument, for carrying out on-line dynamic balancing to test specimen 1；
Diamond single point cutter is diamond bit 5, specifically polycrystalline diamond (PCD) single-point lathe tool and single crystal diamond
Stone (ND) single-point lathe tool, for carrying out repairing disk to 1 end face of test specimen；The diamond bit 5 is dismantledly installed in bracket, and leads to
It crosses bracket and is movably installed in lathe；
Tool heads 2, for carrying out scratching test；2 top of tool heads is connected with single abrasive grain；The tool heads 2 can be with
Diamond single point cutter is installed in bracket with mutually replacing assembly and disassembly, and is movably installed in lathe by bracket；Tool heads 2 and height
Rigid spring or pneumatic impact wrench are connected, and are detached from by the moment of high rigidity spring or pneumatic impact wrench implementation tool head 2 and test specimen 1；
2 axis of tool heads is parallel to 1 rotation axis of test specimen, and tool heads 2 can in the axial direction that test specimen 1 rotates and in the radial direction
It is mobile, and 0.1 μm is superior in the positioning accuracy of both direction；
Tool setting gauge 4, for carrying out diamond single point cutter and tool heads 2 to knife, positioning accuracy is better than 0.1 μm；Attaching
In lathe, and the relative position between test specimen 1 is kept fixed；
Measuring system is dynamometry and acoustic emission system, dynamometer, acoustic emission system, data including the connection of mutual signal
Capture card and signal amplifier；The tool heads 2 are connected with dynamometer and acoustic emission system；The connection of data collecting card signal calculates
Machine.
The specific test method is as follows:
1) the aluminum alloy round dish type test specimen 1 of diameter 400mm, thickness 20mm are fixed on modes such as the mechanical clamps such as screw
On the electro spindle of lathe, test specimen 1 can be rotated by electro spindle；On-line dynamic balancing is carried out to the test specimen 1 with dynamic balance instrument, to reduce
The vibration of test specimen 1 when rotating at high speed, to guarantee that abrasive grain and test specimen 1 can be contacted steadily during scratching；
2) test specimen 1 is carried out repairing disk using diamond bit 5, first repairs disk with polycrystalline diamond single-point lathe tool, then with singly
Diamond single-point lathe tool repairs disk, forms 2.8 μm of end face run-out amount on 1 surface of test specimen, the circle of surface average roughness Ra 3nm
Annular repairs disk area 3, to reduce by 1 end face run-out amount of test specimen, improves surface quality, is further ensured that abrasive grain and examination during scratching
Part 1 can be contacted steadily, specific steps are as follows:
2-1) polycrystalline diamond single-point lathe tool repairs disk: the close turning mode of vertical superfinishing, the revolving speed of test specimen 1 is when repairing disk
3000rpm, polycrystalline diamond single-point lathe tool is from 1 outside of test specimen with 10 μm of cutting-in along 1 radial feed of test specimen, feed speed range
For 0.4~1.2mm/s, feeding distance 100mm；
2-2) single-crystal diamond single-point lathe tool repairs disk: the close turning mode of vertical superfinishing, the revolving speed of test specimen 1 is when repairing disk
3000rpm, single-crystal diamond single-point lathe tool is from 1 outside of test specimen with 2 μm of cutting-in along 1 radial feed of test specimen, feed speed range
For 0.1~0.3 mm/s, feeding distance 100mm；
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are shown in the comparison for repairing disk front and back 1 three-dimensional surface shape of test specimen and end face run-out amount respectively；
3) diamond bit 5 touches tool setting gauge 4, determines and repairs disk area 3 and tool setting gauge 4 to the difference in height h of knife plane0；It will
Diamond bit 5 is removed from bracket, is changed to the tool heads that top plating is connected with the spherical wear particles that single radius is 20 μm
2,2 top of tool heads moves closer to tool setting gauge 4, and when measuring system data generate mutation, the abrasive grain on 2 top of representational tool head is rigid
Touching tool setting gauge 4 moves up h along the axial direction that test specimen rotates to knife plane, then by tool heads 2 well0+ δ, so that 2 top of tool heads
Abrasive grain be located at test specimen 1 and repair at 3 top δ of disk area, complete to knife, so that it is deep to accurately control scratching when guaranteeing follow-up test
Degree；
4) 2 level of tool heads is moved to and is repaired right above the scratching point of disk area 3, and move down δ+apSo that scratching depth is ap；
According to the scratching radius R where scratching speed v and the scratching point that need to be tested, pass throughCalculation testing piece 1 is set
Determine revolving speed n；Among the present embodiment, n=10000rpm, scratching speed v are 157m/s (the corresponding position R=150mm)~209m/s
(the corresponding position R=200mm), scratches depth apIt is respectively set as 6 μm；Test specimen 1 is rotated according to above-mentioned setting speed n, and tool
First 2 are radially fed with the speed of 2m/s, so that abrasive grain forms the continuous helical shape that spacing is 200 μm repairing disk area 3 and scratch
Scratch, scratch circle number are greater than 3；Dynamometer and acoustic emission system acquisition scratching during scratching by being connected with tool heads 2
Data in the process, and data collecting card is transmitted to by signal amplifier, then be transmitted to computer and calculated, it can be drawn
Wipe the physical quantitys such as power, acoustic emission signal；It is 150mm's when the single abrasive particle on 2 top of tool heads is scratched to diameter during scratching
On circumference when (scratching speed is 157m/s), tool heads 2 are detached from by high rigidity spring or pneumatic impact wrench moment and test specimen 1, and
The instantaneous linear velocity for being detached from 2 top of moment tool heads is higher than test specimen 1 and rotates linear velocity, to be detached from during " freezing " abrasive grain scratching
The contact condition of moment abrasive grain and test specimen 1；
It should be noted that commonly used in the art make tool heads be detached from test specimen by high rigidity spring or pneumatic impact wrench
In mode, tool heads are fixed on high rigidity spring or pneumatic impact wrench, in the drive of high rigidity spring or pneumatic impact wrench when disengaging
It is lower to be detached from along circular arc, therefore the instantaneous linear velocity on above-mentioned disengaging moment tool heads top refers to being detached from moment tool heads along circular arc
The tangential velocity of movement, the direction of motion at this time are parallel to test specimen rotation axis and far from test specimens.
5) microexamination and measuring three-dimensional morphology are carried out to scratch, as shown in Figure 6；Scratch front end is " frozen " region
Three-dimensional appearance and its two-dimensional section pattern are as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8.
Among the present embodiment, the intrinsic frequency of the dynamometer is higher than 4KHz, and dynamometry precision is better than 0.01N；The data
The sample rate of capture card is higher than 2M/s.
As needed, the abrasive grain can be diamond, CBN (cubic boron nitride), oxide ceramics or nitride ceramics；
Abrasive grain shape can also be cone or polygonal pyramid shape；The abrasive grain is fixed in the tool crown by mechanical grip, plating or soldering
End；The tool heads can be pressure head or other fixed grain forms.
As needed, the parameter for repairing disk adjust in the following range and carry out it is one or many repair disk, can be in surface of test piece
It forms end face run-out amount and is better than IT1 grades, surface average roughness Ra repairs disk area better than 10nm's:
2-1) polycrystalline diamond single-point lathe tool repairs disk: vertical turning mode, when repairing disk the range of speeds of test specimen be 2000~
10000rpm, polycrystalline diamond single-point lathe tool is on the outside of test specimen with 10~50 μm of cutting-in along test specimen radial feed, feed speed
Range is 0.4~1.2mm/s, and feeding distance is the 1/4~1/2 of test specimen diameter；Or:
2-2) single-crystal diamond single-point lathe tool repairs disk: vertical turning mode, when repairing disk the range of speeds of test specimen be 2000~
10000rpm, single-crystal diamond single-point lathe tool is on the outside of test specimen with 2~10 μm of cutting-in along test specimen radial feed, feed speed model
It encloses for 0.1~0.3 mm/s, feeding distance is the 1/4~1/2 of test specimen diameter.
Comparative example
Non-ferrous metal test specimen is taken, after the processing of conventional smart car technique, surface of test piece is divided into two regions, one of area
Domain disk step according to the invention of repairing carries out repairing disk, so that its surface quality is reached end face run-out amount better than IT1 grades, surface is average thick
Rugosity Ra is better than 10nm, is denoted as and repairs disk area；Another region is denoted as without repairing disk and does not repair disk area.
Above-mentioned test specimen is continuously scratched using test method progress single abrasive particle of the invention and stops to test fastly, in same test
Scratch is formed in disk area repairing disk area and do not repair under parameter, scratch depth very little can reach micron order, and comparing result is such as
Shown in Fig. 9, it can be seen that in the case where scratch depth very little, the scratch for repairing disk area forms coherent spiral shape, in uniform
Be spaced apart, detect its depth direction error less than 1 μm/1mm, show abrasive grain and test specimen repair the longer scratching in disk area away from
It can continually and steadily be contacted from upper, so as to realize that the high-speed, high precision scratching of abrasive grain stops to test fastly；And disk area is not repaired
Scratch cannot form coherent spiral shape, and scratch interval is different, and the scratch depth, scratch width all have macroscopic otherness,
Show continually and steadily contact between abrasive grain and test specimen, it is even more impossible to the high-speed, high precision scratchings for abrasive grain to stop to test fastly.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the range implemented of the present invention that therefore, it cannot be limited according to, i.e., according to
Equivalent changes and modifications made by the invention patent range and description, should still be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the abrasive grain scratching that diamond cutter has non-ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops test method fastly, it is characterised in that: include:
1) non-ferrous metal test specimen is fixed on electro spindle, test specimen can be rotated by electro spindle；The test specimen is carried out online dynamic flat
Weighing apparatus；
2) test specimen is carried out to repair disk using diamond single point cutter, is better than IT1 grades to form end face run-out amount in surface of test piece,
Surface average roughness Ra repairs disk area better than 10nm's, the specific steps are as follows:
2-1) polycrystalline diamond single-point lathe tool repairs disk: vertical turning mode, when repairing disk the range of speeds of test specimen be 2000~
10000rpm, polycrystalline diamond single-point lathe tool is on the outside of test specimen with 10~50 μm of cutting-in along test specimen radial feed, feed speed
Range is 0.4~1.2mm/s, and feeding distance is the 1/4~1/2 of test specimen diameter；
2-2) single-crystal diamond single-point lathe tool repairs disk: vertical turning mode, when repairing disk the range of speeds of test specimen be 2000~
10000rpm, single-crystal diamond single-point lathe tool is on the outside of test specimen with 2~10 μm of cutting-in along test specimen radial feed, feed speed model
It encloses for 0.1~0.3mm/s, feeding distance is the 1/4~1/2 of test specimen diameter；
3) diamond single point cutter touches tool setting gauge, and the positioning accuracy of the tool setting gauge is better than 0.1 μm；Determine repair disk area with it is right
Difference in height h of the knife instrument to knife plane0；Diamond single point cutter is changed to the tool heads that top is connected with single abrasive particle, tool
The abrasive grain at crown end touches tool setting gauge, then tool heads are moved up h along the axial direction that test specimen rotates0+ δ, so that tool heads top
Abrasive grain be located at test specimen and repair the place δ above disk area, completion is to knife；
4) tool heads level is moved to and is repaired right above the scratching point of disk area, and move down δ+apSo that scratching depth is ap；According to need
Scratching radius R where scratching speed v and the scratching point of test, passes throughThe setting speed of calculation testing piece
n；Test specimen is rotated according to setting speed n, and tool heads are radially fed, so that abrasive grain to form spiral shape and draw repairing disk area and scratch
Trace, tool heads moment and test specimen are detached from during scratching, and the instantaneous linear velocity for being detached from moment tool heads top is higher than test specimen rotation
Linear velocity is detached from the contact condition of moment abrasive grain and test specimen with " freezing "；Measurement system during this by being connected with tool heads
Data during system acquisition scratching.
2. the abrasive grain scratching that diamond cutter according to claim 1 has non-ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops test method fastly,
Be characterized in that: the abrasive grain is diamond, CBN, oxide ceramics or nitride ceramics, abrasive grain shape be spherical, cone or
Polygonal pyramid shape；The abrasive grain is fixed in tool heads top by mechanical grip, plating or soldering；The tool heads are pressure head.
3. the abrasive grain scratching that diamond cutter according to claim 1 has non-ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops test method fastly,
Be characterized in that: the test specimen is disc.
4. the abrasive grain scratching that diamond cutter according to claim 1 has non-ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops test method fastly,
Be characterized in that: the measuring system be dynamometry and acoustic emission system, including mutual signal connection dynamometer, acoustic emission system,
Data collecting card and signal amplifier；The tool heads are connected with dynamometer and acoustic emission system.
5. the abrasive grain scratching that diamond cutter according to claim 4 has non-ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops test method fastly,
Be characterized in that: the intrinsic frequency of the dynamometer is higher than 4KHz, and dynamometry precision is better than 0.01N；The sampling of the data collecting card
Speed is higher than 2M/s.
6. the abrasive grain scratching that diamond cutter according to claim 3 has non-ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops test method fastly,
Be characterized in that: in the step 2), spherical mounted point feeding distance is less than test specimen radius when repairing disk, and repairing disk area is circular ring shape.
7. the abrasive grain scratching that diamond cutter according to claim 1 has non-ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops test method fastly,
Be characterized in that: the tool heads are superior to 0.1 μm in the positioning accuracy of the axial direction and radial direction that rotate along test specimen.
8. the abrasive grain scratching that diamond cutter according to claim 1 has non-ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops test method fastly,
Be characterized in that: in the step 4), tool heads are detached from by high rigidity spring or pneumatic impact wrench moment and test specimen.
9. the abrasive grain scratching that diamond cutter according to claim 1 has non-ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops test method fastly,
Be characterized in that: the tool heads axis is parallel to test specimen rotation axis.
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| CN111562213B (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2021-07-09 | 大连理工大学 | Method for evaluating metal friction spark energy under variable pressure of inert atmosphere |
| CN115128054B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2024-06-07 | 华侨大学 | Method for detecting interface tribochemical reaction between active metal oxide abrasive particles and diamond wafer substrate |
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| CA2915986C (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2022-08-16 | Massachusetts Materials Technologies Llc | Scratch testing apparatus and methods of using same |
| CN103624634B (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2016-01-20 | 辽宁科技大学 | A kind of thicker-walled ceramic pipe internal surface magnetic grinding finishing method and device thereof |
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