CN103999682B - Olive height of tree railway carriage or compartment ridge culture planting method - Google Patents
Olive height of tree railway carriage or compartment ridge culture planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103999682B CN103999682B CN201410250094.8A CN201410250094A CN103999682B CN 103999682 B CN103999682 B CN 103999682B CN 201410250094 A CN201410250094 A CN 201410250094A CN 103999682 B CN103999682 B CN 103999682B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of olive tree at level land and height railway carriage or compartment, hillside fields ridge culture planting method.Height railway carriage or compartment, hillside fields ridge culture planting method: a, according to the contour on hillside, hillside fields is divided into the tableland of some band shapes, tableland is ploughed deeply once, then spread fertilizer over the fields base fertilizer; B, excavate zanjon form high railway carriage or compartment in the inner side in every tableland; C, dig high railway carriage or compartment soil, in the outside in tableland, 1/3 place of tableland width is made into banded ridge; D, on ridge, plant olive tree.Height railway carriage or compartment, olive tree level land ridge culture planting method: a, planting site to be ploughed deeply, then spread fertilizer over the fields base fertilizer; B, plant interline place at adjacent two kinds and be parallel to plantation row and dig zanjon, and form high railway carriage or compartment; C, dig high railway carriage or compartment soil and be made into banded ridge at the center in high railway carriage or compartment; D, on ridge, plant olive tree.The inventive method can avoid olive tree to suffer damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging, reduces root system rotten level, maintains the normal growing way of tree body, reduces Irrigation Frequency, reduction irrigation is managed and protected cost and can improve the yield and quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to olive tree field of planting, be specifically related to a kind of olive height of tree railway carriage or compartment ridge culture planting method.
Background technology
Olive has long cultivation history in Mediterranean various countries.The olive of cultivation various countries be substantially soil penetrating good, illumination is sufficient, rainfall is moderate, the Regional cultivation of benign climate.Olive is the woody oil tree species of good quality and high output and longevity, eats the dietary structure of a large amount of olive oil Mediterranean people for a long time, and the people of its generation cancer, angiocardiopathy is little.Just because of special dietary composition and the health care of olive oil, to such an extent as to world many countries is all at introducing and planting olive.
China formally introduces a fine variety olive on a large scale and starts from 1964, has introduced a fine variety 10,000 strain olive seedlings, be assigned to multiple province and plant experimentally cultivation when accessing Albania by Zhou premier.So far last whole 50 anniversaries, olive growing district mainly concentrates on Sichuan Province, Yunnan Province, Nei Ge normal region, Gansu Province, and current cultivated area has reached more than 60 ten thousand mu.Main olive growing district of China belongs to subtropical monsoon climate, and summer rainfall is concentrated and amount is large, soil property mostly be clayed soil and soil layer shallow, easily harden, permeability is poor, winter-spring season drought.
In Shi Ge olive growing in summer district, due to rainwater, to add soil compaction permeability poor more, and easily cause olive tree to suffer damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging, cause root system anoxic to be rotted, cause tree body to become short and small afterwards, growing way weakens even dead, and output reduces even without output.When winter-spring season, due to arid short of rain, to add soil layer shallow in each cultivation area, cause olive garden tree to manage and protect Irrigation Frequency very high, causing irrigation to manage and protect cost increases.
There is above-mentioned problem in the olive of current each Introduction of Olives Into cultivation area, does not implement high railway carriage or compartment ridge culture planting, do not report and the article delivered about olive height railway carriage or compartment ridge culture planting technology and technological invention patent.
Therefore, the one high railway carriage or compartment ridge culture planting new method being applicable to each olive growing district olive tree is provided, above-mentioned Problems existing can be solved, thus olive tree can be avoided to suffer damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging, reduce root system rotten level, maintain the normal growing way of tree body, reduce Irrigation Frequency, reduction irrigation is managed and protected cost and can improve the yield and quality.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind ofly to be avoided olive tree to suffer damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging, reduce root system rotten level, maintains the normal growing way of tree body, reduces Irrigation Frequency, reduces the high railway carriage or compartment ridge culture planting method of irrigating and managing and protecting cost and can improve the yield and quality.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: height railway carriage or compartment, olive tree hillside fields ridge culture planting method, comprises the steps:
A, according to the contour on hillside, hillside fields is divided into the tableland of some band shapes, tableland is ploughed deeply once, then base fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields uniformly on surface, tableland, then in base fertilizer is ploughed burying;
B, every tableland inner side excavate zanjon, the soil of zanjon is laid in uniformly tableland surface thus form high railway carriage or compartment;
C, dig high railway carriage or compartment surface soil, in the outside in tableland, 1/3 place of tableland width is made into banded ridge;
D, on ridge, plant olive tree according to the requirement of spacing in the rows.
Wherein, base fertilizer of the present invention can be conventional fertilizer or the mixture of various fertilizer, and the present invention is preferably the mixture of fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and lime.During being ploughed by base fertilizer described in step a is buried, rotovator can be adopted even for base fertilizer rotary tillage to be buried in.In step b, the soil of zanjon is laid in surface, tableland, surface, tableland here refers to the surface, tableland of removing zanjon part.
Wherein, in said method step a, width >=4 meter, ground in described tableland.
Wherein, in said method step a, the gradient≤20 ° on described hillside.
Wherein, in said method step b, the dark 40 ~ 50cm of described zanjon, wide 50cm, length are consistent with tableland length.
Wherein, in said method step c, the height 20cm on described ridge, width 60cm, length are consistent with tableland length.
The present invention also provides height railway carriage or compartment, olive tree level land ridge culture planting method, comprises the steps:
A, olive tree planting site is ploughed deeply once, then base fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields uniformly on surface, tableland, then in base fertilizer is ploughed burying;
B, according to olive tree plantation line-spacing, adjacent two kinds plant interline place be parallel to plantation row dig zanjon; The soil of zanjon to be layered on uniformly on face, railway carriage or compartment thus to form high railway carriage or compartment;
C, the soil dug on high railway carriage or compartment, be made into banded ridge at the center in high railway carriage or compartment;
D, on ridge, plant olive tree according to the requirement of spacing in the rows.
Wherein, in said method step b, the dark 80 ~ 100cm of described zanjon, wide 50cm, length are consistent with high railway carriage or compartment length.
Wherein, in said method step c, height 20cm, width 60cm, the length on described ridge are consistent with high railway carriage or compartment length.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the implantation methods adopting above-mentioned high railway carriage or compartment ridge culture, add the thickness of the layer and height, olive tree can be avoided to suffer damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging in rainy season, reduce root system rotten level, maintain the normal growing way of tree body, moisture long period in soil can be made because soil layer thickens to keep at arid season, thus Irrigation Frequency and corresponding reduction can be reduced irrigate and manage and protect cost and can improve the yield and quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that hillside fields is divided into some tablelands by the contour of the present invention according to hillside;
Fig. 2 is hillside fields of the present invention zanjon, high railway carriage or compartment and ridge schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is level land of the present invention zanjon, high railway carriage or compartment and ridge schematic diagram.
Be labeled as in figure: 1 is hillside contour, 2 be tableland outside, namely divide the position of the side of the contour upslope in tableland, 3 be tableland inner side, namely divide the position of the side of the contour downslope in tableland, 4 is zanjons, and 5 is high railway carriage or compartments, and 6 is ridges.
Embodiment
Height railway carriage or compartment, olive tree hillside fields of the present invention ridge culture planting method, comprises the steps:
A, according to the contour on hillside, hillside fields is divided into the tableland of some band shapes, tableland is ploughed deeply once, then base fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields uniformly on surface, tableland, then in base fertilizer is ploughed burying;
B, every tableland inner side excavate zanjon, the soil of zanjon is laid in uniformly tableland surface thus form high railway carriage or compartment;
C, dig high railway carriage or compartment surface soil, in the outside in tableland, 1/3 place of tableland width is made into banded ridge;
D, on ridge, plant olive tree according to the requirement of spacing in the rows.
Under normal circumstances, the position of the position or planting fruit trees that make banded ridge all should in the centre position in tableland, inventor is through test for many years, find in the outside in tableland, 1/3 making ridge, place of tableland width cultivate olive tree there is special effect, be conducive to the growth of setting and increase yield most; If be less than 1/3 place, olive tree is subject to arid, thus the growth of impact tree body, reduce output, be greater than 1/3 soil permeability difference, affect root system and produce, be unfavorable for that farm implements operate, accept illumination relatively few.
Preferably, in said method step a, width >=4 meter, ground in described tableland.
Preferably, in said method step a, the gradient≤20 ° on described hillside.
Preferably, in said method step b, the dark 40 ~ 50cm of described zanjon, wide 50cm, length are consistent with tableland length.
Preferably, in said method step c, the height 20cm on described ridge, width 60cm, length are consistent with tableland length.
The present invention also provides height railway carriage or compartment, olive tree level land ridge culture planting method, comprises the steps:
A, olive tree planting site is ploughed deeply once, then base fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields uniformly on surface, tableland, then in base fertilizer is ploughed burying;
B, according to olive tree plantation line-spacing, adjacent two kinds plant interline place be parallel to plantation row dig zanjon; The soil of zanjon to be layered on uniformly on face, railway carriage or compartment thus to form high railway carriage or compartment;
C, the soil dug on high railway carriage or compartment, be made into banded ridge at the center in high railway carriage or compartment;
D, on ridge, plant olive tree according to the requirement of spacing in the rows.
Preferably, in said method step b, the dark 80 ~ 100cm of described zanjon, wide 50cm, length are consistent with high railway carriage or compartment length.
Preferably, in said method step c, height 20cm, width 60cm, the length on described ridge are consistent with high railway carriage or compartment length.
In order to better illustrate that implantation methods of the present invention can reduce olive tree root system rotten level; maintain tree normal growth; reduce Irrigation Frequency and improve output, below by embodiment, effect of the present invention being described, but not therefore by protection scope of the present invention restriction in one embodiment.
The olive tree root density of embodiment one not high railway carriage or compartment ridge culture and height railway carriage or compartment ridge culture of the present invention contrasts
After selecting field planting, the tree of the 3rd year is tested, and unified resident time is on March 12nd, 2004, and be experimental field hillside, test period is in March ,-2009 in March, 2007.Other pipe irrigation project is identical.Tested variety is beans fruit, Fo Ao, E Zhi, Ke Ladi.The strain of each kind Stochastic choice 10, wherein 5 strains not high railway carriage or compartment ridge culture, 5 plant height railway carriage or compartment ridge culture.Test statistics position is place of tree crown vertical projecting line.Test statistics soil depth is 20 centimetres-40 centimetres.Test statistics orientation and quantity are the orientation, all directions of tree, and the root quantity in 1 20 cubic centimetres of soil is added up in each orientation, calculating mean value.Concrete fixing timing statistics is annual late July.Test statistics result is root quantity in the continuous 2 years average 20 cubic centimetres of soil of each kind 5 strain tree.
(unit: root)
The olive tree height of embodiment two not high railway carriage or compartment ridge culture and height railway carriage or compartment ridge culture of the present invention and be preced with width and contrast
After selecting field planting, the tree of the 3rd year is tested, and unified resident time is on January 1st, 2007, and during field planting, nursery stock specification is basically identical.Be experimental field level land, test period is in January ,-2013 in January, 2010.Other pipe irrigation project is identical.Tested variety is Buddhist Austria, A Si, E Zhi, Lay star.The strain of each kind Stochastic choice 20, wherein 10 strains not high railway carriage or compartment ridge culture, 10 plant height railway carriage or compartment ridge culture.Test statistics result is continuous 3 years each kind 10 strain tree mean stand heights and hat width.
(unit: rice)
The olive tree Irrigation Frequency of embodiment three not high railway carriage or compartment ridge culture and height railway carriage or compartment ridge culture of the present invention contrasts
After selecting field planting, the tree of the 2nd year is tested, and unified resident time is on January 20th, 2008, and during field planting, nursery stock specification is basically identical.Be experimental field hillside, test period is in May ,-2012 in November, 2010.Other pipe irrigation project is identical, and tree dish does not cover.Tested variety is beans fruit, E Zhi, Ke Ladi.The strain of each kind Stochastic choice 20, wherein 10 strains not high railway carriage or compartment ridge culture, 10 plant height railway carriage or compartment ridge culture.Test statistics result is each kind 10 strain in continuous 2 years tree at the average Irrigation Frequency of the consistent Winter-Spring arid season of each irrigation volume (November in the first year-Second Year May) period.
(unit: secondary or jin)
The olive tree yield comparison of embodiment four not high railway carriage or compartment ridge culture and height railway carriage or compartment ridge culture of the present invention
Unified resident time is on December 18th, 2007, and during field planting, nursery stock specification is basically identical.Be experimental field hillside, other pipe irrigation project is identical, and tested variety is Buddhist Austria, beans fruit, E Zhi, Ke Ladi.The strain of each kind Stochastic choice 20, wherein 10 strains not high railway carriage or compartment ridge culture, 10 plant height railway carriage or compartment ridge culture.The test statistics time is the 3rd year-after plantation 5 years.Statistics is the average fresh pod yield of continuous 3 years each kind 10 strain trees.
(unit: jin)
Can be found out by above-mentioned 4 groups of comparative trial data, when adopting implantation methods of the present invention to plant olive tree, significantly can reduce olive tree root system rotten level, maintain tree normal growth, reduce Irrigation Frequency and improve olive output.
Claims (8)
1. olive tree hillside fields height railway carriage or compartment ridge culture planting method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A, according to the contour on hillside, hillside fields is divided into the tableland of some band shapes, tableland is ploughed deeply once, then base fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields uniformly on surface, tableland, then in base fertilizer is ploughed burying;
B, every tableland inner side excavate zanjon, the soil of zanjon is laid in uniformly tableland surface thus form high railway carriage or compartment;
C, dig high railway carriage or compartment surface soil, in the outside in tableland, 1/3 place of tableland width is made into banded ridge;
D, on ridge, plant olive tree according to the requirement of spacing in the rows.
2. height railway carriage or compartment, olive tree hillside fields according to claim 1 ridge culture planting method, is characterized in that: in step a, width >=4 meter, ground in described tableland.
3. height railway carriage or compartment, olive tree hillside fields according to claim 1 ridge culture planting method, is characterized in that: in step a, the gradient≤20 ° on described hillside.
4. height railway carriage or compartment, olive tree hillside fields according to claim 1 ridge culture planting method, is characterized in that: in step b, and the dark 40 ~ 50cm of described zanjon, wide 50cm, length are consistent with tableland length.
5. height railway carriage or compartment, olive tree hillside fields according to claim 1 ridge culture planting method, is characterized in that: in step c, and the height 20cm on described ridge, width 60cm, length are consistent with tableland length.
6. olive tree level land height railway carriage or compartment ridge culture planting method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A, olive tree planting site is ploughed deeply once, then base fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields uniformly on surface, tableland, then in base fertilizer is ploughed burying;
B, according to olive tree plantation line-spacing, adjacent two kinds plant interline place be parallel to plantation row dig zanjon; The soil of zanjon to be layered on uniformly on face, railway carriage or compartment thus to form high railway carriage or compartment;
C, the soil dug on high railway carriage or compartment, be made into banded ridge at the center in high railway carriage or compartment;
D, on ridge, plant olive tree according to the requirement of spacing in the rows.
7. height railway carriage or compartment, olive tree level land according to claim 6 ridge culture planting method, is characterized in that: in step b, and the dark 80 ~ 100cm of described zanjon, wide 50cm, length are consistent with high railway carriage or compartment length.
8. height railway carriage or compartment, olive tree level land according to claim 6 ridge culture planting method, is characterized in that: in step c, and height 20cm, width 60cm, the length on described ridge are consistent with high railway carriage or compartment length.
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| CN103999682B true CN103999682B (en) | 2016-03-09 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
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| CN104542155A (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2015-04-29 | 甘肃省林业科学研究院 | Balancing fertilizer applying method for olea europaea |
| CN104813889A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-08-05 | 丽江森泽林业科技发展有限责任公司 | Method for planting olive trees in slope |
| CN104938188B (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-11-14 | 通海锦程蔬菜有限公司 | The method of hillside fields planting vegetable |
| CN106171749A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-12-07 | 维西东兴生物开发有限公司 | A kind of Fructus oleae europaeae stereo plantation method |
| CN107079769A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-08-22 | 橄享成都科技有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of olive tea |
| CN111328611A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-26 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Flat-land high-ridge planting method for avocados |
| CN116138100A (en) * | 2023-02-13 | 2023-05-23 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Method for building garden by olive in red yellow soil region |
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