CN1039946A - A kind of method of producing hybrid wheat - Google Patents
A kind of method of producing hybrid wheat Download PDFInfo
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- CN1039946A CN1039946A CN 89106131 CN89106131A CN1039946A CN 1039946 A CN1039946 A CN 1039946A CN 89106131 CN89106131 CN 89106131 CN 89106131 A CN89106131 A CN 89106131A CN 1039946 A CN1039946 A CN 1039946A
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- wheat
- kilogram
- sex change
- male
- self
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Abstract
A kind of method of producing hybrid wheat adopts wheat of sex change to do female parent, surpluss 76-88 composition notebooks with selfing, plant on high fertility soil, bottom application nitrogenous fertilizer imposes nitrogenous fertilizer, its male sterile reaches 99-100%, the cross-fertile rate reaches 40-60%, plants bottom application phosphate fertilizer on low fertility soil, impose phosphate fertilizer, its male-fertile, self-fruitful rate reaches 80-100%, has overcome the problem that existing crossbreeding work exists.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of hybrid wheat.
The wheat hybridizing breeding is the main method of present wheat breeding, and it is by the reconfiguring of gene, and the merit of comprehensive different parent materials produces super close and new merit, the improved seeds that seed selection is new.Now, mainly be to utilize T type sterile line breeding hybrid wheat both at home and abroad, still, in common wheat, be difficult to find the recovery system of T type male sterile line.The existing recovery capability of recovering system is not too strong, nor stable, and restoring force goes down easily and lose in the backcross transformation process, and therefore, people are research new male sterile line and " new three are ".Chemical emasculation is another used in wheat hybridizing breeding approach, and at present, the research of this respect also has certain progress.Handle plant with chemical agent, generally adopt the foliar spray dispenser, the optimum phase of medication is the wheat andro gamete to tricky time, the i.e. pollen mother cell meiosis of medicament reaction.Wherein, best with the gametocidal effect of ethrel, the suitable concentration that drug effect can reach 100% medication sometimes is 3000-8000ppm.But chemical emasculation can cause harmful effect to plant, and is especially serious during high concentration.Such as, can cause yellow leaf, plant height reduction, internode shortening, heading difficulty, pinch neck phenomenon, small ear degeneration, the increase of little tiller green grass or young crops fringe rate etc., even more serious gynoecium also often is affected.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing the sex change wheat to carry out the wheat hybridizing breeding.So-called sex change wheat is meant a kind of wheat that only just can control its male fertile by change fertilising and cultivation condition.Utilize this grow wheat cross-breeding, can overcome the defective that exists in the above-mentioned several method, its self propagated and hybridization utilize all simple and easy to do.
Wheat of sex change is author's new strain of wheat with specialized character that seed selection is come out in long-term breeding practice.Wheat of sex change has following genetics characteristic:
(1) has common wheat (Tr, aes) cytoplasm (N
1N
2), chromosome 2n=42; Genome type is AABBDD; Normal with common wheat hybridization chromosome synapsis;
(2) fragment of 6BL is replaced, and has embedded the chromosome nonhomologous of one section band feminisation gene (f);
(3) genotype (N
1N
2) f
1f
1s
2s
2Add different environmental conditions, occur that male and female are educated entirely or the female sterile phenotype of pistillody;
(4) the feminisation gene f and the b of a wheat of sex change
2-Sr
15-Lr
9-Lr
3-Ki is in the same linkage group;
(5) the genetics specificity of feminisation gene f:
1, (ff) * (MSMS) → (fms) educates; Proof f is to educating gene M S for recessive;
2, (MSMS) * (ff) → (msf), the feminisation male sterile; Proof f is a dominance to sterile factor M S;
3, kind (MSMS) * (ff) → F
1, educate F
2→ N kind (ff);
4, N-(ff)-Ax edge plant → F far away
1, complete pistillody, it is then more apparent to backcross;
(6) think that according to genetic analysis f is on 6B; And infer that according to the cascade phenomenon and the exchange frequency of gene f is positioned on the 6BL, be in the tip awn of 0.87 crossing-over unit in kinetochore of talking in sleep, sharp edge gene (B
2. b
2) 0.1-0.2 crossing-over unit place in the outside, and and b
2-Lr
3-Ki-genes such as Sr form a linkage group.
About wheat of sex change, following discovery is very significant.If wheat planting of sex change in low fertility soil, and bottom application phosphate fertilizer, is imposed phosphate fertilizer, male-fertile, its self-fruitful rate reaches 80-100%, increases with boron, manganese to handle, and self-fruitful rate can reach 90-100%.The basis of a wheat breeding of sex change that Here it is.If wheat planting of sex change in high fertility soil, and the bottom application ammonia fertilizer, is imposed nitrogenous fertilizer, its male sterile rate reaches 99-100%; On medium fertility soil, be aided with the 500-1000ppm ethrel and handle, the male sterile rate also reaches 99-100%.The basis of a wheat cross-breeding of usefulness sex change that Here it is.
Below just in conjunction with the embodiments method of the present invention is described further.
The self propagated of a wheat of sex change
Embodiment 1
Wheat planting of sex change (organic 1-2%, full N0.025-0.1%, available P on the low fertility soil of per mu yield wheat below 200 kilograms
5-10ppm), bottom application phosphate fertilizer 40-50 kilogram/mu, proper seeding, the amount of broadcasting 6-7 kilogram/mu, the wheat skill joint of having stood up imposes phosphate fertilizer 20-25 kilogram/mu the phase again with watering, other management is with general irrigated land wheat, its male-fertile then, the bagging selfing, self-fruitful rate reaches 80-100%, every mu of results seed 200-300 kilogram.
Embodiment 2
On the basis of executing example 1, be aided with the manganese seed soaking of 0.05% boron or 0.2% 8-12 hour, perhaps with the manganese of same concentration or boron foliage-spray during wheat the 5th leaf extraction 1/3-1/2 after the spring, its self-fruitful rate reaches 90-100%.If seed soaking and foliage-spray carry out simultaneously, self-fruitful rate is higher.
Utilize the sex change wheat crossbreeding:
Embodiment 3
Make male parent with inbred line 76-86 or 76-88, wheat of sex change is done maternal, plant (organic 3-4% on the high fertility soil of per mu yield wheat 300-500 kilogram, full NO.15-0.2%, available P 20-40ppm), this row of father and mother is than being 1: 3 or 2: 4,40 kilograms/mu of bottom application ammonium carbonates, inclined to one side late sowing kind, the amount of broadcasting 5-6 kilogram/mu, shooting stage of standing up imposes urea 15-20 kilogram/mu with watering, ammonium carbonate 20-25 kilogram/mu, other management is with general irrigated land wheat, and then Mu Ben male sterile rate reaches 99-100%, outcrossing seed-setting rate reaches 40-60%, adds that the artificial supplementary pollination effect can be better.The hybrid vigour in F generation is obvious.
Embodiment 4
Be on the basis of embodiment 3, when wheat the 5th leaf is extracted 1/3-1/2 out after the spring, spray the ethrel of 500ppm to female parent, like this, its male sterile rate is higher, and gynoecium is normal.Other way is all identical with embodiment 3.
Embodiment 5
Wheat of sex change and male parent material are planted (organic 2-3% on the medium fertility soil of per mu yield wheat 200-300 kilogram, full N0.1-0.15%, available P 10-20ppm), this row of father and mother is than being 1: 3 or 2: 4, bottom application ammonium carbonate 40-50 kilogram/mu, optimum period late sowing, the amount of broadcasting 5-6 kilogram/mu, shooting stage of standing up imposes urea 15-20 kilogram/mu with piece of writing shallow water, ammonium carbonate 25-30 kilogram/mu.When wheat the 5th leaf is extracted 1/3-1/2 out after the spring, give maternal foliage-spray 1000ppm ethrel, its male sterile rate reaches 99-100%, and gynoecium is normal.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of method of producing hybrid wheat, it is characterized in that, planting simultaneously on the high fertility soil of per mu yield wheat 300-500 kilogram as maternal wheat of sex change with as the wheat lines of male parent, 40 kilograms/mu of bottom application ammonium carbonates, inclined to one side late sowing kind, the amount of broadcasting 5-6 kilogram/mu, shooting stage of standing up imposes urea 15-20 kilogram/mu, ammonium carbonate 20-25 kilogram/mu, maternal male sterile reaches 99%-100%, and the cross-fertile rate can reach 40-60%.
2, a kind of the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, this row of father and mother is than being 1: 3 or 2: 4.
3, a kind of the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, when maternal the 5th leaf is extracted 1/3-1/2 out it is sprayed the ethrel of 500ppm, can strengthen its male sterile.
4, a kind of the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, used male parent material is 76-86 or 76-88.
5, a kind of the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: implement artificial supplementary pollination.
6, a kind of the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, wheat planting of above-mentioned sex change in the per mu yield wheat on the low fertility soil below 200 kilograms, bottom application phosphate fertilizer 40-50 kilogram/mu, stand up-shooting stage imposes phosphate fertilizer 20-25 kilogram/mu with watering, its male-fertile, self-fruitful rate can reach 80-100%.
7, a kind of method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, boron with 0.05% or the molten seed soaking of 0.2 manganese or with the boron of same concentration or manganese solution foliage-spray when wheat the 5th leaf is extracted 1/3-1/2 out, the lonely self-fruitful rate of wheat of sex change can reach 90-100%, if seed soaking and foliage-spray carry out simultaneously, self-fruitful rate is higher.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89106131 CN1014483B (en) | 1989-08-04 | 1989-08-04 | Method for producing hybrid wheat |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89106131 CN1014483B (en) | 1989-08-04 | 1989-08-04 | Method for producing hybrid wheat |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1039946A true CN1039946A (en) | 1990-02-28 |
| CN1014483B CN1014483B (en) | 1991-10-30 |
Family
ID=4856627
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89106131 Expired CN1014483B (en) | 1989-08-04 | 1989-08-04 | Method for producing hybrid wheat |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1014483B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1041988C (en) * | 1993-10-21 | 1999-02-10 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Breeding method of rice reversible dual-purpose male nuclear sterile line |
| CN1042088C (en) * | 1992-05-21 | 1999-02-17 | 陈绍光 | Method of selection and use of rice male sterility line |
| CN1092478C (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2002-10-16 | 中国科学院遗传研究所 | Method for cultivating caryoplasmic hybrid wheat |
| CN104855074A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-08-26 | 王和绥 | Improved method of wheat planting in southeastern area of China |
-
1989
- 1989-08-04 CN CN 89106131 patent/CN1014483B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1042088C (en) * | 1992-05-21 | 1999-02-17 | 陈绍光 | Method of selection and use of rice male sterility line |
| CN1041988C (en) * | 1993-10-21 | 1999-02-10 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Breeding method of rice reversible dual-purpose male nuclear sterile line |
| CN1092478C (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2002-10-16 | 中国科学院遗传研究所 | Method for cultivating caryoplasmic hybrid wheat |
| CN104855074A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-08-26 | 王和绥 | Improved method of wheat planting in southeastern area of China |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1014483B (en) | 1991-10-30 |
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