CN103222423B - Rice hybrid breeding material as well as cultivation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Rice hybrid breeding material as well as cultivation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103222423B CN103222423B CN201310178152.6A CN201310178152A CN103222423B CN 103222423 B CN103222423 B CN 103222423B CN 201310178152 A CN201310178152 A CN 201310178152A CN 103222423 B CN103222423 B CN 103222423B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rice hybrid breeding material as well as a cultivation method and application thereof. A female parent material with a herbicide sensitive gene and a male parent material with the herbicide sensitive gene are obtained by specific promoter drive and antisense inhibit expression methods; the herbicide sensitive gene is just expressed in stamen; and the herbicide sensitive gene is just expressed in pistil; the female parent material and the male parent material are mixed in application; mechanized cropping is carried out; the female parent emasculation and male parent female removal are achieved by spraying the herbicide before heading; and the high-quality F1 hybrid seed is produced by one-way mating between parents. By adopting the method disclosed by the invention, a sterile line and a restorer line can be freely obtained; high-purity hybrid is obtained; mixing of the self-fruitfulness seed is effectively removed; especially, serious decline of hybrid purity caused by fertility recovery of the photo-thermo-sensitive sterile line under an adverse light temperature condition is avoided; the breeding process of the parents of the hybrid rice is simplified; manpower and material resources are saved; and the production efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to paddy rice production of hybrid seeds field, specifically a kind of paddy rice cross breeding breeding material and breeding method and application.
Background technology
Hybrid rice is that China and even global grain security have been made huge contribution.But existing rice heterosis utilization and the production of hybrid seeds, combo is free, and seed production link is many, complex procedures, too much depends on intensive human and material resources, and production efficiency is low.Particularly in recent years, along with China's economic development, rural area person between twenty and fifty go down town and work, rural laborer's shortage, and hybrid rice seed is produced and is faced serious challenge.Realize hybrid rice mechanization Mixed plant, to reducing hybrid rice breeding cost, improve seed production quality and efficiency, promote further applying of hybrid rice, all significant.
Plant tissue Idiotype promotor is the specific DNA fragmentation of a class, has and drives gene in the ability of particular organization, cells.According to the difference of expression characterization, organizing specific type promotor can be divided into the types such as root-specific promoter, chlorenchyma specific promoter, stem specific promoter, stamen (pollen) specific promoter, gynoecium specific promoter.Good organizing specific promotor only has driving force in specific tissue or cell, and does not have driving force in other cells.Therefore, in plant genetic engineering, normal using-system specific promoter completes the genetic manipulation in specific cells and can the position beyond target cell not exerted an influence.Current research has had been found that some can be for the rice tissue specific promoter of gene engineering, concerning the relevant process of reproductive development, comprise stamen (pollen) specific expression promoters such as Osg6B promotor, OsMADS58 promotor, OsACE1 promotor, RTS promotor.Gynoecium (column cap) the specific promoter research that derives from paddy rice is less, also there is no the report of application.But the gynoecium specific promoter that clone obtains in tobacco, rape and potato still has the feature of gynoecium specifically expressing as STS14 promotor, SLG promotor, SRK promotor and SLR1 promotor in paddy rice.The intensity of these female/stamen specific promoters is also enough to drive artificial DNA fragment to cause the sensitivity to herbicides of privileged site.
Cyhalofop-butyl is the insensitive weed killer herbicide of a kind of paddy rice, has another name called a thousand pieces of gold or cyanogen fluorine diclofop-methyl, is mainly used in preventing and treating grassy weed.Cyhalofop-butyl is interior suction conductivity weed killer herbicide, is absorbed phloem conduction by blade and the leaf sheath of plant, resist activity of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase, disturb and stop fatty acid metabolism and synthesize, suppress plant cell division growth, destroy the fat structures such as cell membrane system, finally cause cell death.Use cyhalofop-butyl and have fewer environmental impacts, zoopery shows without overt toxicity, is fine herbicide conventional in Rice Production.
The problem that exists the impurity of seeds of Parent self-fertility to cause purity of hybrid to decline in tradition production of hybrid seeds technique, as two being photo-thermo-sensitive genetic male sterile line fertility restorer under disadvantageous light and temperature condition in the production of hybrid seeds, self-fertility has a strong impact on purity of hybrid.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming prior art deficiency, the object of the invention is to provide a kind of paddy rice cross breeding breeding material and breeding method and application, is intended to solve in current production breeding cost high, complex steps, and purity is difficult to the problems such as assurance.
One of object of the present invention provides a kind of paddy rice cross breeding breeding material, and the maternal material (male sterile line) in this material is with herbicide sensitive gene, and herbicide sensitive gene is only expressed in stamen; Male parent material (restorer) is with herbicide sensitive gene, and herbicide sensitive gene is only expressed in gynoecium.
Crossbreeding material of the present invention is to use the means that specific promoter drives and Antisense Suppression is expressed to obtain, and concrete breeding method is realized in the following way:
The herbicide resistance gene antisense fragment that stamen specific promoter is driven proceeds to the maternal kind of paddy rice, make special the expressing and be suppressed at stamen position of herbicide resistance gene, realize the object that stamen specific promoter drives herbicide sensitive gene, obtain only having the maternal material of stamen part to herbicide sensitive;
The herbicide resistance gene antisense fragment that gynoecium specific promoter is driven proceeds to paddy rice male parent kind, make special the expressing and be suppressed at gynoecium position of herbicide resistance gene, realize the object that gynoecium specific promoter drives herbicide sensitive gene, obtain and only have the male parent material of gynoecium part to herbicide sensitive.
Wherein herbicide sensitive gene is other acceptable sensitive gene in any one or the crop breeding in cyhalofop-butyl sensitive gene, Bentazon sensitive gene etc.; The promotor that drives herbicide sensitive gene is any one or other the special promotor of acceptable floral organ in STS14 gynoecium specific expression promoter, Osg6B stamen specific expression promoter.
The maternal kind of wherein said paddy rice (male sterile line) is acceptable other kind in kind NS629S or thremmatology, and male parent kind (restorer) is acceptable other kind in kind RH003 or thremmatology.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of hybrid rice Mixed plant method.
This producing method for seed is realized in the following way:
(1) cultivate as stated above with herbicide sensitive gene, and the herbicide sensitive gene maternal material of only expressing in stamen and with herbicide sensitive gene, and the male parent material that herbicide sensitive gene is only expressed in gynoecium carries out mixed seeding; Herbicide spraying before heading, thus realize maternal emasculation, male parent is gone female, and the seed that obtains is crossbreed, mechanized harvest is become feasible;
(2) at isolation field separately plantation above-mentioned maternal material (male sterile line) or male parent material (restorer), under spraying herbicide condition not, breeding maternal (male sterile line) or male parent (restorer).
Wherein weed killer herbicide is corresponding cyhalofop-butyl, Bentazon, pyrazosulfuron etc.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1, be conducive to freely matching of Parent.
2, by herbicide spraying, automatically realize maternal emasculation, male parent is gone female, has greatly alleviated workload, has improved production efficiency.
3, effectively having avoided mixing of Parent self-fertility seed, is particularly to have prevented that the purity of hybrid that maternal self-fertility causes from declining, and significantly improves purity of hybrid.
4, maternal (male sterile line) breeding is simple, only need can obtain by selfing, does not need to use maintainer, thereby has simplified reproductive process, has reduced production cost.
5, production procedure is simple, is easy to control, because Parent after herbicide spraying all can not self-fertility, all offsprings are crossbreed, are therefore convenient to mechanized operation, realize the hybrid rice mixed seeding mechanization production of hybrid seeds, enhance productivity, reduce breeding cost, save human and material resources.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In Fig. 1 the present invention, Parent is cultivated flow chart.
Producing method for seed realization flow figure in Fig. 2 the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the embodiments, the present invention is further detailed.
In following examples, Osg6B stamen specific promoter, STS14 gynoecium specific promoter are known promotor; Herbicide sensitive gene is also known; Cyhalofop-butyl, Bentazon, pyrazosulfuron etc. are known weed killer herbicide; Rice varieties NS629S and RH003 are existing conventional variety, by Academy of Agri-Science and Technology Anhui Province paddy rice, are provided;
In following examples, unless otherwise noted, in embodiment, technological means used is conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
The breeding method of embodiment 1 paddy rice cross breeding breeding material
Take rice varieties NS629S and RH003 as example;
(1) maternal Breeding method
Clone's Osg6B stamen specific promoter also drives cyhalofop-butyl sensitive gene or the antisense fragment rice transformation kind NS629S of Bentazon sensitive gene, in transgenosis filial generation, select that single copy inserts, economical character is good, and only in stamen part to cyhalofop-butyl or the high plant of Bentazon susceptibility as maternal material;
(2) male parent Breeding method
Clone's STS14 gynoecium specific promoter drives the antisense fragment Introduced into Rice kind RH003 of cyhalofop-butyl sensitive gene or Bentazon sensitive gene, in transgenosis filial generation, select that single copy inserts, economical character is good, and only in gynoecium part to cyhalofop-butyl or the high plant of Bentazon susceptibility as male parent material.
Embodiment 2, mechanization Mixed plant (Hefei ,Anhui plantation)
(1) invention is obtained to Parent material seed and be mixed, its mass ratio is 1:6(male parent: female parent), in sowing on 10-May 15 May, adopt conventional watery ricenursery mode to cultivate strong seedling.Rice transplanting adopts Kubo field SPW-48C automatic rice transplanter, and average row is apart from 30cm, spacing in the rows 18cm.Field planting adopts conventional water and fertilizer management, in heading, within first about 7 days, sprays corresponding weed killer herbicide (as cyhalofop-butyl, aqua mass fraction 0.25%, every mu sprays 50L-60L), and gametocide (female parent), goes female (male parent); By grain header, gather in the crops seed.Through sampling Detection, the seed of surveying is crossbreed, without Parent self-fertility, mixes.
According to the kind of weed killer herbicide, control herbicide spraying concentration, spray time and position, should accomplish effective emasculation (female), avoid again producing poisoning, reduce crossbreed output.
(2) in isolation field, plant separately female parent (male sterile line), under herbicide spraying condition not, conventional water and fertilizer management, under the condition of Pest management, breeding maternal (male sterile line).The breeding of male parent roughly the same.
Should be appreciated that, above embodiment is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not limited to the present invention.Without departing from the spirit and substance of the case in the present invention, some modification being equal to that those skilled in the art do method of the present invention, crop varieties, step or condition etc. or replacement, apparent improvement, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a breeding method for paddy rice cross breeding breeding material, is characterized in that, the maternal material of described paddy rice cross breeding breeding material is with herbicide sensitive gene, and herbicide sensitive gene is only expressed in stamen; Male parent material is with herbicide sensitive gene, and herbicide sensitive gene only expresses in gynoecium,
Wherein, described maternal Breeding method is: clone's Osg6B stamen specific promoter the antisense fragment of cyhalofop-butyl sensitive gene that Osg6B stamen specific promoter is driven or the antisense fragment of Bentazon sensitive gene proceed to the maternal kind of paddy rice, make special the expressing and be suppressed at stamen position of herbicide resistance gene, realize the object that Osg6B stamen specific promoter drives herbicide sensitive gene, obtain only having the maternal material of stamen part to herbicide sensitive, the maternal kind of described paddy rice is NS629S;
The breeding method of described male parent material is: clone's STS14 gynoecium specific promoter the antisense fragment of cyhalofop-butyl sensitive gene or the antisense fragment of Bentazon sensitive gene that STS14 gynoecium specific promoter is driven proceed to paddy rice male parent kind, make special the expressing and be suppressed at gynoecium position of herbicide resistance gene, realize the object that STS14 gynoecium specific promoter drives herbicide sensitive gene, obtain and only have the male parent material of gynoecium part to herbicide sensitive, described paddy rice male parent kind is RH003, and described weed killer herbicide is wild type paddy rice non-sensitive type weed killer herbicide.
2. the breeding method of paddy rice cross breeding breeding material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described herbicide sensitive gene is any one in cyhalofop-butyl sensitive gene, Bentazon sensitive gene.
3. the breeding method of paddy rice cross breeding breeding material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described weed killer herbicide is any one in cyhalofop-butyl, Bentazon.
4. a hybrid rice Mixed plant method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) cultivate with herbicide sensitive gene, and the herbicide sensitive gene maternal material of only expressing in stamen; Cultivation is with herbicide sensitive gene, and the herbicide sensitive gene male parent material of only expressing in gynoecium,
Wherein, described maternal Breeding method is: clone's Osg6B stamen specific promoter the antisense fragment of cyhalofop-butyl sensitive gene that Osg6B stamen specific promoter is driven or the antisense fragment of Bentazon sensitive gene proceed to the maternal kind of paddy rice, make special the expressing and be suppressed at stamen position of herbicide resistance gene, realize the object that stamen specific promoter drives herbicide sensitive gene, obtain only having the maternal material of stamen part to herbicide sensitive, the maternal kind of described paddy rice is NS629S, the breeding method of described male parent material is: clone's STS14 gynoecium specific promoter the antisense fragment of cyhalofop-butyl sensitive gene or the antisense fragment of Bentazon sensitive gene that STS14 gynoecium specific promoter is driven proceed to paddy rice male parent kind, make special the expressing and be suppressed at gynoecium position of herbicide resistance gene, realize the object that STS14 gynoecium specific promoter drives herbicide sensitive gene, obtain and only have the male parent material of gynoecium part to herbicide sensitive, described paddy rice male parent kind is RH003,
(2) the maternal material of the paddy rice of cultivating in step (1) and paddy rice male parent material are carried out to mixed seeding, wherein the mass ratio of the maternal material of paddy rice male parent material and paddy rice is 1:6; At first 7 days herbicide sprayings of heading, described weed killer herbicide is wild type paddy rice non-sensitive type weed killer herbicide cyhalofop-butyl, in this cyhalofop-butyl weed killer herbicide, aqua mass fraction 0.25% and every mu spray 50L-60L, thereby realize for maternal emasculation, for male parent, go female, by the unidirectional mating of Parent, obtain F1 crossbreed, carry out mechanized harvest.
5. hybrid rice Mixed plant method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described herbicide sensitive gene is any one in cyhalofop-butyl sensitive gene, Bentazon sensitive gene.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104206268A (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2014-12-17 | 扬州大学 | Novel method for sensitively cultivating efficient rice intelligent sterile line by using herbicides |
| CN104429935A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-03-25 | 扬州大学 | New method for increasing seed reproduction yield of rice intelligent sterile line |
| CN104946652B (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-08-25 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Plant gynoecium specific expression promoter OsPis1 and its derivative |
| CN106258930A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2017-01-04 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | A kind of hybrid rice seed breeding process of entire mechanization |
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| CN1036120A (en) * | 1987-11-17 | 1989-10-11 | 三井东圧化学株式会社 | A kind of method of cultivating hybrid rice seeds |
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| CN1036120A (en) * | 1987-11-17 | 1989-10-11 | 三井东圧化学株式会社 | A kind of method of cultivating hybrid rice seeds |
| WO1999046396A2 (en) * | 1998-03-09 | 1999-09-16 | Monsanto Company | Glyphosate as a gametocide |
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