CN1055279A - Seed production technology of sunflower oil seed' Neihuaza II - Google Patents

Seed production technology of sunflower oil seed' Neihuaza II Download PDF

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CN1055279A
CN1055279A CN 91102487 CN91102487A CN1055279A CN 1055279 A CN1055279 A CN 1055279A CN 91102487 CN91102487 CN 91102487 CN 91102487 A CN91102487 A CN 91102487A CN 1055279 A CN1055279 A CN 1055279A
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male
sterile line
hybrid
assorted
male sterile
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CN1019939C (en
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张运达
靖树棠
张淑艳
贾利欣
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Abstract

The oil sunflower cytoplasmic male sterility three-line hybrid seed is used to breed sterile line 76-64A as female parent and maintainer line 76-64B as male parent. The sterile line 76-64A is used as a female parent, the 5 in the restorer line is used as a male parent for hybridization, hybrid seeds are prepared, and a matched seed production technology and a high-yield cultivation technology are adopted, the prepared hybrid seeds 'Neluohuazai No. two' have the advantages of higher oil content, stronger stress resistance, wide adaptability, high yield and good stable yield; and has the advantages of regular growth, lodging resistance, disease resistance, suitability for single planting, interplanting and mechanized cultivation, and the like.

Description

Sunflower oil is with planting " assorted No. two of interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers " seeding technique
The invention belongs to sunflower oil and use type cytoplasmic male sterilty three-way cross hybrid use of advantage field.
The sunflower heterosis utilization, nearly two during the last ten years, all attaches great importance to both at home and abroad, and France, the U.S., Yugoslavia, Romania, China etc. have all selected a collection of hybrid sunflower.These crossbreed obtain utilizing at country variant and area.The hybrid sunflower of China is at the seventies initial stage, in the world we carried out under the condition of technology and material blockade, the self-reliance seed selection.This case applicant is 30.25-49.74% at 53 parts of oil of states such as U.S. that 1980-1989 introduces a fine variety, Australia, France, Yugoslavia with the crossbreed seed oil content.The 12 international sunflower meeting material statistics in 1988,185 parts of oil of 13 countries are 218.6 kilograms/mu with the average per unit area yield of crossbreed.The oil of domestic each breeding units seed selection uses type crossbreed seed oil content generally at 39.9-52.15%, and seed oil content be 52.15% crossbreed is this case applicant seed selection " assorted No. one of interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers " crossbreed, " the distant certain herbaceous plants with big flowers No. " in other crossbreed such as Liaoning Province, seed oil content is 41%, and 7718A * 7602-15 is 44.23%; Anti-3 * extensive 6 of Heilongjiang Province is 40.22%, and 84102-6A * extensive 5 are 39.96%; The Jilin Province sunflower 74102-4A * rope 82-413 be 44.10%, 74102-3A * 7838-321 is 40.53%.
The objective of the invention is, adopt the method for heterosis utilization, seed selection sunflower oil type cytoplasm male sterility three line, preparation output height, advantage is strong, and growth is neat, the crossbreed of strong stress resistance.
The invention is characterized in that make female parent with male sterile line 76-64A, maintenance line 76-64B makes male parent, breeding 76-64A male sterile line; Do maternally with male sterile line 76-64A, recover in the system 5 and do paternal hybrid preparation " assorted No. two of interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers " crossbreed, take safe isolation, proper seeding, rational close planting, suitable row than, regulate the florescence, artificial supplementary pollination, roguing measure.
Three is breed standard:
One, 76-64A:
1, cultivar origin: utilized No. 52 crossbreed F of sieve in 1976 2For the sterile strain biparental cross among individual plant and the HS29-1, through four generation continuous backcross bred in 1977.
2, principal character characteristic: 76-64A male sterile line children stem purple, the cotyledon bottle green, its petiole, vein, leaf margin are purple, about 110 centimetres of plant heights, plant strain growth is neat, leaf 27-29 sheet, no branch, female stamen is a purple, gynoecium is grown normal, and it is normally solid to accept maintenance line pollen, and close gland is normal, about 20 centimetres of flower pesticide WUHUAFEN, faceplate diameter, the seed purple, thousand kernel weight 61 grams, seed benevolence rate 70%, seed oil content 37%.From emerge to ripe fate be 96-100 days, fertilizer resistance anti-lodging, the rust-proofing disease, than salt tolerant alkali, the sense leaf spot.
3, output performance: about 50 kilograms of general per mu yields, the high-yield field can reach the 75-100 kilogram.
4, adapt to the area: western part, Inner Mongol, Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang, Xinzhou Prefecture, Shanxi Province all can breed and the preparing hybrid kind.
Two, 76-64B:
1, cultivar origin: bred from No. 52 crossbreed offsprings of sieve separation screening of introducing in 1975.
2, principal character characteristic: 76-64B maintenance line, young stem purple, cotyledon bottle green, its petiole, vein, leaf margin are purple, about 110 centimetres of plant heights, plant strain growth is neat, leaf 27-29 sheet, no branch, female stamen is that purple, gynoecium are grown normally, and flower pesticide has about 20 centimetres of pollen, faceplate diameters, seed purple, thousand kernel weight 61 grams, seed benevolence rate about 70%, seed oil content 37%.From emerging to ripe fate is 96-100 days, fertilizer resistance anti-lodging, and the rust-proofing disease, than salt tolerant alkali, the sense leaf spot.
3, output performance: about 100 kilograms of general per mu yields, the high-yield field can reach more than 150 kilograms.
4, adapt to the area: western part, Inner Mongol, Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang, each county, northwest, Xinzhou, Shanxi Province all can plant.
Three, interior 5 recover system:
1, cultivar origin: bred from NS-H-62RM offspring separation screening in 1978.
2, principal character characteristic: interior 5 recoveries are young stem green, the cotyledon green, and about 130 centimetres of plant heights, plant strain growth is neat, the true leaf yellow green, leaf 32-34 sheet, no branch, female stamen is grown normal, pollen amount is big, recovery rate 100%, 21 centimetres of faceplate diameters, floral disc shape is strengthened flat shape, 2 grades of gradients, seed black, about thousand kernel weight 50 grams, seed benevolence rate 75%, seed oil content 41%, from emerging to ripe fate is about 110 days, fertilizer resistance anti-lodging, rust-proofing disease, than salt tolerant alkali, sense leaf spot.
3, output performance: 150 kilograms of general per mu yields, the high-yield field can reach 175 kilograms.
4, adapt to the area: western part, Inner Mongol, Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang, each county, northwest, Xinzhou Prefecture, Shanxi Province all can plant.
The present invention has realized that sunflower oil is with the supporting and heterosis utilization of type cytoplasmic male sterilty " three are "; Its crossbreed is compared with conventional variety and mainly contains following advantage:
1, output height: sunflower " assorted No. two of interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers " 1981-1983 district examination is 298.1 kilograms of western part, Inner Mongol five somes average yield per mus, comparison is according to sending 257 kilograms of row Calcipotriol per mu yields, volume increase 12.5%, volume increase oil 12.6%, in the 1983-1984 district examination of the land-reclaimable office in Ningxia, 292.4 kilograms of average yield per mus, comparison is according to sending row Calcipotriol volume increase 22.6%, 40 mu of volume increase oil demonstrations in 21.33%, 1985 year, 130 kilograms of per mu yields, comparison is according to volume increase 28.1%, 95 mu of farm, Huangyang Sands, Ningxia in 1987 plantations, 162.5 kilograms of per mu yields, comparison is according to volume increase 20.5%.11450 mu of Inner Mongol Ba Meng cloth of ulan and farm 1987-1989 demonstrations, general per mu yield 225-275 kilogram, comparison is according to sending row Calcipotriol volume increase 20-37%.1300 mu of the test of Xinzhou Prefecture, 1987-1989 Shanxi Province, demonstrations, 175 kilograms of average yield per mus, the high-yield field reaches 250 kilograms, 41 kilograms of flax the first four years average yield per mus, mu increase 134 kilograms of oil plants (because of this area's flax damping off serious, plan with oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers instead of part flax area), 187.6 yuan of mu volume increase values.The test of Shawan County, seed kind station, Xinjiang in 1989,283.6 kilograms of per mu yields, comparison is according to sending row Calcipotriol volume increase 18.7%.
2, advantage is strong, growth is neat: according to researching determining to " assorted No. two of interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers ", nourish and grow and every index of reproductive growth all than parent height, the performance plant height increases, blade increases, cane is thicker, floral disc increases.As plant height, increase 20-30% than the average plant height of parents.Crossbreed growth simultaneously is neat healthy and strong, blooms to concentrate no branch, and is ripe consistent.
3, resistance is stronger, wide adaptability: " interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers assorted No. two " plant height is medium, and growth is neat, anti-ly falls, the rust-proofing disease salt tolerant alkali, suitable single kind the, interplanting and mechanized farming.Be suitable for western part, Inner Mongol, Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang, the northern popularizing planting in Shanxi Province.
Introduce the breeding and the production of hybrid seeds of " assorted No. two of interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers " in detail and plant a times technology below in conjunction with the narration embodiments of the invention:
One, " assorted No. two of interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers " propagation seed making technology
" assorted No. two of interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers " parent's sterile line propagation and seeding technique mainly are to take safe isolation, proper seeding, rational close planting, suitable row ratio, adjusting florescence, artificial supplementary pollination, roguing, single receipts, singles, separately measures such as packing, storing, parent propagation purity is good, output is high thereby make
Because " assorted No. two of interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers " parent's sterile line propagation is except isolated area distance and adjusting florescence (being that 76-64A male sterile line and 76-64B maintenance line can be sowed the same period), all the other measures are all the same with seeding technique, and existing " assorted No. two of an interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers " turned over grown seeding technique and be described below:
1, safety is isolated: original seed 76-64A sterile line propagation distance isolation distance is more than 5 kilometers.Hybrid seeding distance isolation distance is more than 3 kilometers, and its isolated area is not planted non-male parent sunflower.And around breeding the field, male sterile line 76-64A can plant the 76-64B maintenance line.Around the hybrid seeding field of preparation " assorted No. two of interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers ", can plant interior 5 and recover system.
2, proper seeding: at ground crossbreedings such as western part, Inner Mongol, Ningxia, Gansu, generally can be in sowing in the first tenday period of a month in early April to May, 〉=5 ℃ effective accumulated temperature is to be advisable about 1800 ℃.For distinguish father and mother this, be at male parent row two and middle plantation sign crop, as Chinese sorghum, corn and soybean or the like.
Because 76-64A is identical breeding time with 76-64B, during breeding male sterile lines 76-64A, father and mother sow this same period.
" assorted No. two of interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers " production of hybrid seeds must be regulated sowing time.Interval sowing is regulated the florescence, i.e. 5 recovery systems in elder generation's sowing, and 5 recovery systems have sowed 5-6 days in the first phase, sow 5 recovery systems in the second phase again, wait the first phase interior 5 to recover system and sow male sterile line 76-64A when emerging, and make this flower synchronization of father and mother good.
3, rational close planting, strengthen management and artificial supplementary pollination: the parent 76-64A male sterile line of breeding " assorted No. two of interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers ", must pollinate with the 76-64B maintenance line, if recovering system with interior 5, the production of hybrid seeds makes male parent, on plantation row ratio, can be by male parent two row, the alternate plantation of ratio of maternal four to six row, male sterile line 76-64A breeds and " interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers assorted No. two " production of hybrid seeds line-spacing can capable by width (big micro-ridge) method, wide line-spacing 2 chis, narrow row is apart from 1 chi, spacing in the rows 0.8 chi, or etc. line-spacing plantation, male sterile line 76-64A breeding and " assorted No. two of interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers " production of hybrid seeds are stayed seedling 4500-5000 strain for every mu.
In order to prevent and treat soil insect, available Isofenphos methyl is mixed mutually with diammonium phosphate and is made seed manure, executes 5 kilograms of seed manures for every mu.
Emerge back 1-1.5 to the true leaf thinning, and 2-3 is to true leaf final singling (soil insect seriously can suitably postpone), in conjunction with between, final singling carries out intertill and clean tillage, all should intertill after before sealing the ridge, watering to loosen the soil and give ridging, with lodging-prevention at every turn.
GPRS uses sufficient base fertilizer in fertilising, make good use of the principle of seed manure and topdressing at different stages, mu is executed high-quality fertilizer 3000-4000 kilogram and is made base fertilizer, execute diammonium phosphate 4-6 kilogram and make seed manure (separating) in conjunction with broadcasting preplanting treatment or sowing, will chase after twice nitrogenous fertilizer between breeding time at least, for the first time at 5-6 during true leaf with seed, mu is executed urea 8-12 kilogram, for the second time when 4-5 centimetre of flower thunder, mu is executed urea 4-6 kilogram, if the soil fertilizer ability can be topdressed for the third time.
To carry out artificial supplementary pollination in flowering stage, especially will be by per 5 mu of configuration one hive bee groups, to improve sunflower pollination ripening rate.
4, roguing:, must perform roguing work in order to protect positive parent and purity of hybrid.Mainly catch to manifest the strong key developmental stages of parent's typicalness, carry out roguing.The assorted strain that does not meet parent's characteristic feature, lopsided strain, extra-high-speed, special short distortion strain, sick and weak strain are taken out, to guarantee the quality of parental purity and crossbreeding, the crossbreed of preparation high-quality.
When results, originally gather in the crops respectively by father and mother, prevent artificial mechanical admixture, and reject the floral disc of non-parent's feature in the field.
Two, the principal character characteristic of " assorted No. two of interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers ":
1, cultivar origin: recover with type male sterile line 76-64A and interior 5 with sunflower oil the academy of agricultural sciences, Inner Mongol is a hybridization generation, former 76-64A * interior 5 that are combined as.
2, feature: the young stem purple of (1) morphological feature " assorted No. two of interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers ", the cotyledon green, its petiole, vein, leaf margin are purple, plant height is that plant strain growth is neat about 178 centimetres, leaf 32-36 sheet, no branch, about 21 centimetres of faceplate diameters, recovery rate 100%, pollen amount is big, and the seed purple is about thousand kernel weight 61 grams, seed benevolence rate 75%, seed oil content are 44.12%, general per mu yield 200-290 kilogram, the highest per mu yield can reach 350 kilograms, and comparison is sent row Calcipotriol volume increase 15-37% according to planting.(2) biological property salt tolerant alkalescence and rust-proofing disease are stronger.Because plant height is medium, be suitable for single kind, interplanting and mechanized farming.About 106 days breeding times, 〉=5 ℃ of effective accumulated temperature are 1800 ℃.Suitable western part, Inner Mongol, Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang, the northwestward, Shanxi Province popularizing planting.
Three, " assorted No. two of interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers " high-yield culture technique:
" assorted No. two of interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers " is that oil is used the type crossbreed, have that growing way is strong, growth is fast, plant strain growth is neat, anti-ly fall, characteristics such as high yield, in order to bring into play its hybrid vigour effect, must implement supporting culture technique, existing according to the following culture technique main points of test proposition in the past few years:
1, goes up the fertility soil species in the selection and plant, use sufficient base fertilizer before broadcasting, general every mu of organic fertilizer material 3000-4000 kilogram.
2, proper seeding: in the west area, Inner Mongol, single plant sunflower generally the suitableeest sowing time in the first tenday period of a month in mid or late April to May.Every mu of band seed manure diammonium phosphate 4-6 kilogram (separating with seed) during sowing, in order to prevent and treat soil insect, available Isofenphos methyl acid two ammoniums are mixed mutually and are done the seed manure use.
3, rational close planting: " assorted No. two of interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers " plant height is medium, but rational close planted stays about seedling 4500 strains for general every mu according to test.
4, enhance field management: sunflower emerges back 1-1.5 to the true leaf thinning, and 2-3 is to the true leaf final singling, in conjunction with between, final singling carries out intertill and clean tillage, all should intertill after before sealing the ridge, watering to loosen the soil and give ridging, with lodging-prevention at every turn.Impose nitrogenous fertilizer between breeding time twice, for the first time 5-6 during to true leaf mu execute urea 8-12 kilogram, in the time of bud 4-5 centimetre, every mu imposes urea 4-6 kilogram for the second time.
5, put honeybee, raising ripening rate in a suitable place to breed: in order to improve sunflower output, putting honeybee raising ripening rate in a suitable place to breed is important measures, and a hive bee is put on general per 5 mu of ground in a suitable place to breed, can improve ripening rate 20-30%.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of sunflower oil method of type cytoplasmic male sterilty three-way cross hybrid use of advantage, it is characterized in that doing maternal with male sterile line 76-64A, maintenance line 76-64B makes male parent, breeding 76-64A male sterile line, do maternal with male sterile line 76-64A, recover in the system 5 and do paternal hybrid preparation " assorted No. two of interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers " crossbreed, take safe isolation, proper seeding, rational close planting, suitable row than, regulate the florescence, artificial supplementary pollination, roguing measure.
2, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that safety is isolated into original seed 76-64A and breeds the distance isolation distance more than 5 kilometers, hybrid seeding distance isolation distance is more than 3 kilometers, its isolated area is not planted non-male parent sunflower, and around male sterile line 76-64A breeds the field, can plant 76-64B, around the hybrid seeding field of preparation " assorted No. two of interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers ", can plant interior 5 and recover system.
3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that proper seeding, and in sowing in the first tenday period of a month in early April to May, 〉=5 ℃ effective accumulated temperature is 1800 ℃ and is advisable.
4, method according to claim 1, the row that it is characterized in that suiting is than being father and mother these 2: 4,2: 5 or 2: 6.
5, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that rational close planting, and male sterile line 76-64A breeding and " assorted No. two of interior certain herbaceous plants with big flowers " production of hybrid seeds are stayed seedling 4500-5000 strain for every mu.
6, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that interval sowing, regulate the florescence, 5 recover system in i.e. elder generation's sowing, and 5 recovery systems have sowed 5-6 days in the first phase, sow second phase male parent again, sow male sterile line 76-64A when emerging in 5 recovery systems in the first phase, make this flower synchronization of father and mother good, breeding male sterile lines 76-64A, father and mother sow this same period.
7, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that roguing, the assorted strain that does not meet parent's characteristic feature, and lopsided strain, height distortion strain, sick and weak strain are pulled out, and guarantee the quality of parental purity, breeding and the production of hybrid seeds.
8, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that single single Tibetan of receiving, and originally gathers in the crops respectively by father and mother when results and prevents artificial mechanical admixture and the floral disc of rejecting non-male parent feature in the field.
CN 91102487 1991-04-23 1991-04-23 Seed production method of sunflower oil seed' Neihuaza II Expired - Lifetime CN1019939C (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1298676C (en) * 2004-07-29 2007-02-07 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Method for preparing beta-'Sailong' ceramic powder
CN103109739A (en) * 2013-03-15 2013-05-22 新疆康地种业科技股份有限公司 Propagation method of oil sunflower Xinkui No. 14 sterile line 1666A
CN104642095A (en) * 2015-02-17 2015-05-27 新疆康地种业科技股份有限公司 Breeding method for novel 19# restorer line 654R of oil sunflower
CN104641908A (en) * 2015-02-17 2015-05-27 段维 Method for breading three generations of Helianthus annuus inbred line each year
CN104642096A (en) * 2015-02-17 2015-05-27 新疆康地种业科技股份有限公司 Breeding method for novel 19# sterile line 1193A of oil sunflower
CN105075578A (en) * 2015-07-02 2015-11-25 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 Method for producing bulb and controlling florescence by utilizing effective accumulated temperature in tulip growing period
CN107211880A (en) * 2017-05-10 2017-09-29 云南嘉玉源农业科技有限公司 The breeding method of the barren-resistant oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of high yield

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2285579A1 (en) * 1997-04-28 1998-11-05 Wengui Yan Crop heterosis and herbicide

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1298676C (en) * 2004-07-29 2007-02-07 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Method for preparing beta-'Sailong' ceramic powder
CN103109739A (en) * 2013-03-15 2013-05-22 新疆康地种业科技股份有限公司 Propagation method of oil sunflower Xinkui No. 14 sterile line 1666A
CN103109739B (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-10-15 新疆康地种业科技股份有限公司 Propagation method of oil sunflower Xinkui No. 14 sterile line 1666A
CN104642095A (en) * 2015-02-17 2015-05-27 新疆康地种业科技股份有限公司 Breeding method for novel 19# restorer line 654R of oil sunflower
CN104641908A (en) * 2015-02-17 2015-05-27 段维 Method for breading three generations of Helianthus annuus inbred line each year
CN104642096A (en) * 2015-02-17 2015-05-27 新疆康地种业科技股份有限公司 Breeding method for novel 19# sterile line 1193A of oil sunflower
CN105075578A (en) * 2015-07-02 2015-11-25 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 Method for producing bulb and controlling florescence by utilizing effective accumulated temperature in tulip growing period
CN107211880A (en) * 2017-05-10 2017-09-29 云南嘉玉源农业科技有限公司 The breeding method of the barren-resistant oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of high yield

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