CN1014298B - Method of producing hybrid rice between subspecies of long-grained and round-grained nonglutinous rice - Google Patents
Method of producing hybrid rice between subspecies of long-grained and round-grained nonglutinous riceInfo
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- CN1014298B CN1014298B CN 90101091 CN90101091A CN1014298B CN 1014298 B CN1014298 B CN 1014298B CN 90101091 CN90101091 CN 90101091 CN 90101091 A CN90101091 A CN 90101091A CN 1014298 B CN1014298 B CN 1014298B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for utilizing the heterosis of subspecies among hsien rice and keng rice of paddy rice. Concretely, the method comprises a wide breeding system, a variety 02428 and a method for preparing high-yield combination by hybridizing other indica rice by using 02428 as a male parent through a chemical emasculation method. By experimental farming in two years, a prepared hybrid-Yayou No. 2 displays the characteristics of strong advantage, high yield, good rice quality, moderate ripe period, etc. A hybrid obtained by the method can be prepared in a free combination mode. Compared with a 'three-system' method, and the time of the prepared hybrid from identified advantages to an application is shortened by three to four years.
Description
The present invention relates to the production method of a kind of hybrid rice, especially the production method of Zhou round-grained rice inter-subspecies hybrid paddy rice.
The utilization of rice heterosis in recent ten years, is all attached great importance to both at home and abroad.Solved the indica type variety heterosis utilization technology of three series mating (male sterile line, maintenance line, recovery system) from China after 1973 after, many experts think that next step key that improves rice yield is the subspecies indica and japonica hybrid use of advantage.At present, though research obtains certain progress, being used for producing of real success and obtain remarkable benefit person and be not seen in report both at home and abroad as yet.
Long-grained nonglutinous rice and japonica rice are two subspecies that paddy rice belongs to, and its hybrid F1 advantage is powerful, but because the subspecies affiliation is far away, exist certain reproduction to hinder, so indica-japonica hybrid F1 advantage is not used always.Before the present invention, the indica-japonica hybrid breeding just in the filial generation segregation population constantly selection obtain stable progeny material at last, with some economical character of long-grained nonglutinous rice (or japonica rice) improvement japonica rice (or long-grained nonglutinous rice).Its deficiency is that the advantage of the first generation of hybrid can not get direct utilization, and separates by indica-japonica Hybrid progeny is mad, and obtaining stablizing the offspring generally needs more than 8 years.Many in the world scholars also once carried out research to the Hybrids of Indica and Japonica advantage, the international paddy rice scholar of institute pointed out in 1966: adopt Xian matter round-grained rice nuclear or round-grained rice matter Xian nuclear kind to do the parent, its first generation of hybrid ripening rate is more normal, but it does not play substantial role to the subspecies indica and japonica hybrid use of advantage.1984, Japan scholar IKehashi has proposed the notion of wide compatibility gene, point out in some intermediate varieties, to exist wide compatibility gene (Wide Compatibilitg gene), they all show higher fertility with the hybridization of long-grained nonglutinous rice or japonica rice, he is by screening widely, obtain several wide affinitive materials, but economical character is not good enough, can not get the advantage combination through combo.
The objective of the invention is to overcome the weak point of prior art, propose a kind ofly to do the parent, directly utilize the method for indica-japonica hybrid F1 advantage by the chemical emasculation production of hybrid seeds with wide affine kind.
The invention is characterized in that the wide affine kind 02428 of seed selection does the parent, adopt the chemical emasculation method, the preparation High yield combination with other indica hybrid.Feature of the present invention is that also the wide affine kind 02428 of seed selection does male parent, and middle Xian strain 3037 is maternal, adopts the chemical emasculation method to produce " inferior excellent No. two " crossbreed.
Main contents of the present invention:
1, the wide affine kind 02428(of seed selection sees accompanying drawing 1).
02428 variety characteristic: the normal sowing in season in area, Nanjing, in the 140 days time of infertility, plant type is very dialled, and tillering ability is medium, and every fringe grain husk spends number more than 300, ripening rate 85%, thousand kernel weight 24g, the strong (P of photosynthetic capacity
Max: 38.4mg CO
2Dm
-2/ hr), wide affinity is strong, and the comprehensive agronomy proterties is better, but not bacterial blight-resisting and rice blast.
2, the seed selection of hybrid combination
Carry out the subspecies combo with 02428 wide affine kind or with the new wide affine strain that 02428 transformation forms, can filter out fine combination according to its yield traits, rice matter, breeding time and resistance.In the combination of the hundreds of of mating, find that the middle Xian 3037 with Jiangsu Agricultural College's seed selection be a female parent, 02428 being paternal hybrid, excellent No. 2 of its hybrid Asia, advantage is stronger.
Inferior excellent No. 2 variety characteristics: the comprehensive agronomy proterties is good, plant height 120cm, and the cane good springiness, more resistant to lodging, the rate of tillering panicle height, population leaf area is long perdurabgility, photosynthetic rate and net assimilation rate height, plant type is subjected to the light attitude good.Fig. 1 is the seed selection programme diagram of wide affine kind 02428.
Below be that example is described in detail seeding technique of the present invention and high-yield culture technique with " inferior excellent No. 2 ".
1, the inferior excellent No. 2 chemical emasculation seeding techniques of indica-japonica hybrid:
The present invention adopts male sterilant to kill the male approach production of hybrid seeds, and the difference of essence is arranged with " three line method " production of hybrid seeds in the past.It is the young fringe of female parent meiosis stage to the pollen mother cell influx time, use male sterilant, be sprayed in the maternal rice strain with suitable concentration and dose, kill male pollen, and keep the vigor of gynoecium, make spike of rice produce male sterile, be pollinated with paternal pollen then, thereby make crossbreed.Through 1988,1989 two-year system kind evidences, use the chemical emasculation legal system to get inferior excellent No. 2 hybrids, its purity can reach 83-96%, and hybrid seed yield can be broken through 100 kilograms.
Seeding technique mainly is to adopt safety isolation, proper seeding, rationally plant, suit row ratio, chemical emasculation, adjusting florescence, artificial supplementary pollination, roguing measure, and hybrid purity is good, output is high thereby make.
(1) safety is isolated: when selecting seed farm, except that considering to select medium soil fertility, irrigation and drainage easily the piece of field, should take into full account the production of hybrid seeds and isolate condition, the requirement that the chemical emasculation field isolates is identical with " three are " method with method; 〉=300 meters of distance isolation distances, the time isolated 〉=15 days.
(2) proper seeding: maternal 3037 once sowings, 02428 minute three times sowings of male parent, the Huaibei, concrete sowing time of Huainan see Table 1, and other regional father, maternal sowing time are followed the principle of doing sth. in advance about 10 days than excellent 63 sowing times of large tracts of land Xian substantially.
Table 1 Huaibei, the inferior excellent No. 2 hybrid fathers in Huainan, the maternal date of seeding table of fitting
The Huainan moon Huaibei moon/day/day
Maternal 3037 5/9-10 maternal 3,037 5/10
Male parent 02428 I 5/7 male parent 02428 I 5/10
Ⅱ 5/13 Ⅱ 5/66
Ⅲ 5/18 Ⅲ 5/22
The amount of broadcasting: father and mother are originally whenever per mu to be 15 kilograms.
(3), rationally plant, suit to go to compare.
Row ratio: father: female=2: 6, row is to vertical with reigning wind, and the seeding row spacing female parent is 4 * 4 cun, and male parent is 4 * 5 cun.35 days length of time rice seedlings grow (in first phase male parent).
(4), chemical emasculation
A, the suitable male sterilant of selection: logical test in a few years shows, these two kinds of gametocidal effects of methylarsonic acid zinc-male sterilant (being called for short the I male gametocide) and a sodium methanearsonate (abbreviation II male gametocide) are more stable, the male gametocide that we select, it is at the monokaryotic stage of pollen content influx time, with suitable concentration, gametocidal effect can reach 100%.
B, in good time kill male: killing male drug concentration is 130-140ppm, early use lower limit partially in good time, in good time uses the upper limit partially late, applied once, the morphological index of hero is that colony's pulvinus anomaly is 3-7cm extremely, wherein with+5cm is best.Under in good time situation, it is urgent to firmly grasp fine weather.To deposit behind the chemical emasculation dilution agent 48 hours, and fully can use after the stirring and dissolving,, can in liquid medicine, add neutral soap powder 12-15 gram before using for increasing the adhesion strength of soup.
(5) adjusting florescence, artificial supplementary pollination: under the good situation of flower synchronization, male parent is eared the previous day, spray " 920 " 1-2 time, and consumption 3-4 gram/mu is to improve male parent flower position 15-20cm; Spray " 920 " 1 time again behind the maternal neat fringe, every mu 1 gram.Female parent sprayed after " 920 ", prescinded maternal canopy leaf 1/3, and full-bloom stage garland powder carries out artificial supplementary pollination.
(6) roguing.Generally carry out once before killing hero, allly before medication, revealed the whole of top and pull out, after the medication in 1-2 days heading also pull out without exception.Carry out strict impurity elimination before the harvesting again, pull out the slow little tillering tassel of heading and may be the in blocks solid district of leaking spray.
2, inferior excellent No. 2 culture techniques of subspecies indica and japonica hybrid
Subspecies indica and japonica hybrid F1 has its many conventional variety and hybridization long-grained nonglutinous rice parts of being different from, its big panicle many grains per panicle, and the pustulation period speciality has tangible two-stage grouting phenomenon, and the rate of tillering panicle height is suitable for that light seeding is rare plants.Heading grouting is very responsive to high temperature, and to the following low temperature of 22 degree than sensitivity etc.Therefore, the kind of also different other types of culture technique.By research, we have invented the inferior excellent No. 2 culture technique system of subspecies indica and japonica hybrid.Main points are as follows:
(1), suit to broadcast the phase of planting: date of seeding, require early, and the Huaibei, Jiangsu Dao Qu sowed at the beginning of 5 months, and transplant mid-June, length of time rice seedlings grow 40-45 days.Huainan Dao Qu 10-15 in May day is broadcast, and transplant mid-June, and length of time rice seedlings grow 30-35 days, carry out individual plant transplanting, it is rarer than the hybridization long-grained nonglutinous rice that amount is inserted in the rice seedling bed, general 10 kilograms/mu, is no more than 12 kilograms.(2) transplanting density requires with colony: it is much rarer than conventional variety and hybridization long-grained nonglutinous rice to transplant density requirements, and Huaibei distance between rows and hills is with 8 * 4 cun, basic seedling 8-10 ten thousand, and 15-16 days stem tillers reach and are predetermined to be spike number after planting, and plant to reach peak seedling 300,000 in back 30 days.The fringe 18-20 ten thousand that will hope for success at last, every mu of total grain husk is spent 3,500 ten thousand, ripening rate 80%, thousand kernel weight 27 grams.Huainan Dao Qu is with 3.5-4 * 7.5-8.0 cun, and basic seedling 7-8 ten thousand plants and reached more than 200,000 in back 20 days, reaches the highest seedling 25-26 ten thousand in 30 days, becomes fringe 17-18 ten thousand at last, and every fringe grain husk is spent 200, ripening rate 80%, thousand kernel weight 26 grams.(4) fertilizer application: be 20-25 purity nitrogen always with the nitrogen amount.Principle is the fertile foot of wanting of basal plane, and tillering fertilizer will early be executed.Early stage, fertilizing amount accounted for the 80-85% of total consumption, and proportion is heavier than conventional variety.The middle and later periods fertilising wants light, does not generally execute short fertilizers for potted flowers.According to the suitable granules application fertilizer of the growth of cereal crop seedlings.(5) water starch management is carried out shallow irrigation after the rice transplanting, then repeatedly gently put after stem tiller number reaches predetermined rice number and roasting real the field, and the pustulation period is based on water, alternation of wetting and drying, and the later stage must guard against and cuts off the water supply too early and cut green grass or young crops.The general requirement could begin after 45 days to dewater at neat fringe the 50-56 days pustulation periods of assurance.(6) inferior excellent No. 2 need are prevented and treated false smut, can convert 150 jin in water for 1 liang every mu with carbendazim and triadimefon in cut phase and Qi Suihou, spray.(7) can make double cropping early rice and rice cultivation in the South China inferior excellent No. 2, in Yangtze river basin double cropping rice district, morning, crops for rotation can be made rice cultivation.Inferior excellent No. 2 regeneration capacity reach 120%, can make ratoon rice culture in the southeast, Sichuan.
The present invention has realized the subspecies indica and japonica hybrid use of advantage, and its hybrid inferior excellent No. two and seeding technique are compared than prior art has following advantage:
1, kind advantage (comparing than the govern-house-variety Shanyou 63)
(1) output height. 1989 in Jiangsu three different ecological type area or hundred mu of contiguous plants, its output is high by 15% than Shanyou 63. (table 2)
Table 2 different regions plantation Shanyou 63, inferior excellent No. 2 output comparison sheets
Inferior excellent No. two output (Kg/ mu) the Shanyou 63 output in area (Kg/ mu) volume increase %
Yixing 653.2 518.7 26%
Ganyu 759.6 617.0 23%
Xu gives up 686.7 591.7 16%
(2) rice is of fine quality.The inferior excellent No. 2 inclined to one side round-grained rice of rice matter, brown rice yield 83% goes out polished rice 71%, than Shanyou 63 number equal height.
(3) the ripe phase moderate, wide adaptability, can do one season semilate rice, can do the double cropping early rice late rice in south China, can make ratoon rice culture in the southeast, Sichuan.
(4), bacterial blight-resisting, middle blast resisting.
2, the advantage of seeding technique:
(1), the combo freedom, be shortening 3-4 to use needing the time limit than three from the advantage of identifying.
(2), seed production purity is at 83-98%, than prior art height.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of method of producing Zhou round-grained rice inter-subspecies hybrid paddy rice, comprise chemical emasculation, safe isolation, proper seeding, rationally plant, suitable row than, regulate florescence, artificial supplementary pollination and roguing measure, it is characterized in that doing male parent with wide affine strain 02428, middle Zhou strain 3037 is done female parent, preparing hybrid kind " inferior excellent No. two ".
2, method according to claim 1 adopts crab paddy dry seeds when it is characterized in that the wide affine kind 02428 of seed selection and draws the shore rice and breed the tri-leaf period seedling through Co6o mutagenesis and place C again
3-C
4Plant assimilation chamber is mutated into mutant 729 ♀ respectively and mutant 729 ♂ are hybridized, and breeds wide affine kind 02428 through offspring Duo Dai seed selection.
3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that when its colony of seed farm pillow during apart from average out to 3-7cm, sprays placement through diluting after 48 hours, and concentration is 130-140ppm sodium methanearsonate male gametocide 1 time.
4, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that " 920 " 1-2 time by spraying 3-4 gram/mu the previous day in male parent heading, and female parent sprays 1 gram/mu " 920 " behind the fringe together again regulates the florescence 1 time; After the maternal spray, prescind maternal canopy leaf 1/3.
5, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that roguing: generally carry out once before killing hero (1), has revealed the whole of top and pull out before medication; (2) heading in 1-2 days also should be pulled out without exception after the medication; (3) also to carry out impurity elimination before the results.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90101091 CN1014298B (en) | 1990-03-09 | 1990-03-09 | Method of producing hybrid rice between subspecies of long-grained and round-grained nonglutinous rice |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90101091 CN1014298B (en) | 1990-03-09 | 1990-03-09 | Method of producing hybrid rice between subspecies of long-grained and round-grained nonglutinous rice |
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| CN1044201A CN1044201A (en) | 1990-08-01 |
| CN1014298B true CN1014298B (en) | 1991-10-16 |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1062410C (en) * | 1995-06-14 | 2001-02-28 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Cultural method for optimum restoring line |
| CN1075346C (en) * | 1997-01-17 | 2001-11-28 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | Technique for breeding of hybridized rice |
| CN1087588C (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 2002-07-17 | 四川省农业科学院作物研究所 | hybrid rice breeding method |
| CN1061209C (en) * | 1998-06-10 | 2001-01-31 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for breeding subspecies cross-breeding improved rice seed by utilizing bilinear method to cultivate the hybrid combination from two hetarosis to nine between subspecies of hybrid rice |
| CN104521744B (en) * | 2015-01-04 | 2017-06-13 | 浙江原态农业股份有限公司 | A kind of bacterial leaf spot resistance Japonica two line hybrid rice method |
| CN104521758B (en) * | 2015-01-04 | 2017-03-29 | 安徽袁粮水稻产业有限公司 | A kind of Xian Jing hand over gene introgression blast resisting breeding new method |
| CN104429932B (en) * | 2015-01-04 | 2017-06-20 | 兰进好 | A kind of Xian round-grained rice hands over the anti-banded sclerotial blight breeding new method of gene introgression |
| CN106718989A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-05-31 | 安徽华安种业有限责任公司 | A kind of producing method for seed of hybrid rice |
| CN106879451A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-06-23 | 广东省农业科学院水稻研究所 | A kind of improved paddy rice chemical emasculation method breeding method |
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