CN1094216A - A kind of method of green pepper hybrid seeding - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention is a kind of method of green pepper hybrid kind, belongs to the field of the heterosis utilization of green pepper.The present invention is by the selfing purifying, and methods such as systematic breeding and hybridization select high-generation homozygosis inbred line 86-02 and 87-16, and be maternal with 86-02, with 87-16 is male parent, the crossbreed that makes " Jinjiao No.3 ", and corresponding seeding technique and high-yield culture technique have been proposed.The crossbreed " Jinjiao No.3 " of preparation has high yield, high-quality, anti-multiple diseases, and adaptability is strong, the characteristics of quality uniqueness, per mu yield is the desirable kind of ealy maturing culture and the cultivation of protection ground at 3500-4500 kilograms.

Description

A kind of method of green pepper hybrid seeding

The invention belongs to the field of green pepper heterosis utilization

China's vegetable growing area is counted roughly 1.5 hundred million mu at present; protection ground has reached 3,000,000 mu; the specific breed on protection ground also need increase improvement and improve thereupon; Xiang Genggao will seek development; the green pepper kind on present domestic protection ground is more single; the north is with " Datong District early 3 "; kind such as " two rich " and " middle plate " is main; but they have limitation at aspects such as output and disease resistances; and all be pimento; change along with the genial dietary habits of raising of people's lives; need little peppery green pepper kind; and southern kind is based on sharp green pepper kind; and hot taste is too dense, and the north is disliked again, so select a high yield; disease-resistant (how anti-) quality better is (sweet; peppery moderate) a good green pepper hybrid generation; be to solve the problem of being badly in need of at present, domestic many colleague units all adopt with external (Japan; France; Holland) introduce some kinds preferably, but all owing to regional difference and food custom different do not have very big market.

Purpose of the present invention is the method that adopts heterosis utilization, selects the inbred line of different high-generation homozygosis, makes the output height, the hybrid new breed of the strong disease resistance of advantage good (how anti-) (sweet, peppery moderate) best in quality.

The present invention is that the inbred line 86-02 with high-generation homozygosis is a female parent, with high-generation homozygosis inbred line 87-16 is male parent, hybridization is mixed with " Jinjiao No.3 " first-filial generation new varieties, take proper seeding, field planting rationally, gauze is isolated, artificial bud pollination, suitable this ratio of father and mother, strict measures such as Tian Jian.

Accompanying drawing is a green pepper hybrid kind breeding line spectrogram

" Jinjiao No.3 " hybrid seeding institute Adopts measure is as follows:

1, proper seeding, setting date will be caught up with after late frost, thus the North China, early Febuary greenhouse sowing, be advisable with the sowing of early March greenhouse in the ground such as northeast and Inner Mongol.

2, field planting rationally, this ratio of father and mother is moderate, mu field planting 3500-4000 strain, father and mother's ratio originally is greatly between 1: 2.5 to 1: 3.

3, grenadine is isolated: will detain yarn (nylon yarn) after the field planting and isolate, be strictly on guard against insect pollination.

4, strict field is examined: at different times the assorted strain and the diseased plant of undesirable and parent's feature are all removed.

The standard of parent and Jinjiao No.3

One, 86-02

1, source: select the back to obtain by Jilin No. three 5 generations selfing system.

2, feature: growth potential is strong, and branch is many, and the joint position of blooming is low, dark green leaf band wrinkle.Plant type is compact, and upright, internode is longer, mid-early maturity, fruit side's bird-caging, fruit is worn wrinkle, the about 70-95 gram of single fruit weight, green has pungent, pericarp is thicker, antiviral (TMV), anti-sunscald and powdery mildew, it is bigger to plant grain, thousand kernel weight 6.8-7.2 gram, full seed, germination rate 98%, purity 99.5% coordinate force is high.

Two, 87-16

1, source: poplar chews the elite plant strain that pimento 4 generation selfing system is selected

2, principal character characteristic: growth potential is medium, and the strain width of cloth is bigger, medium blade, the green volume of going up slightly of thicker leaf, extremely early mature, the short fruit green of internode, the shell skin is wrinkle, and thin, and fruity is sweet, single fruit weight 65-80 gram, mildew-resistance and anthracnose, seed is fuller, thousand kernel weight 6.2-6.5 gram, germination rate 98%, purity 99.5 coordinate force are strong.

The present invention has realized the heterotic utilization of green pepper by the hybridization of 86-02 and 87-16, and compares with present main breed " two rich " and to have the following advantages:

1, the output height, the output value is big: the Jinjiao No.3 green pepper is 3942.2 kilograms of the Huimin Prefecture in Shandong average yields, comparison increases income 1083.5 kilograms according to kind " two rich ", volume increase 33.5%, in the Tangshan City in Hebei province and the continuous coequally 2 years demonstration of goldenrain tree all compare according to kind and increase income 1171.4 kilograms and 994.6 kilograms respectively, volume increase 38.3% and 39.3%, increase production 57.1% and 42.8% respectively at the continuous 3 years district's examination average specific of Tianjin suburban district " Datong District early No. 3 " and " two rich ", and " Jinjiao No.3 " of equivalent weight is example with Tianjin than " two rich " output value increase 22.3%().

2, disease resistance strong " Jinjiao No.3 " is more disease-resistant than " two rich "; And how anti-its feature be, the anti-CMV of anti-TMV, and anti-anthracnose, anti-sun burn, various disease indexs are all low than " two rich ", and concrete condition sees Table 1

3, best in quality: the little living cellulose content height of " Jinjiao No.3 " fruit type steamed stuffed bun type (high lantern) bottle green meat medium sweet peppery moderate (half peppery type), mouthfeel is tender and crisp.

4, wide adaptability: " Jinjiao No.3 " promoted through demonstration, at present with in Jilin, tens provinces and cities such as Liaoning, Inner Mongol, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan and area settle down, and be popular, a year fixed kind of amount reached 4000 kilograms.

Below in conjunction with narration enforcement of the present invention, introduce the cross-breeding technology and the corresponding culture technique of " Jinjiao No.3 " in detail:

One, the cross-breeding technology of Jinjiao No.3

The parent propagation of " Jinjiao No.3 " and cross-breeding technology mainly are to adopt the husky net of safety to isolate proper seeding, field planting rationally, suitable this ratio of father and mother: artificial pollination and impurity elimination, the measure of roguing, thereby make parent propagation purity height, hybrid seed yield height, hybrid rate height.

1, husky net is isolated: because green pepper belongs to often cross-pollinated crop, but can be from flower cross pollination again, so when hybrid seeding, must manually isolate, guarantee not to be subjected to the pollination of insect, the present invention adopts the method for button grenadine (nylon yarn), the similar crop with other of this kind is kept apart, and the practice is to buckle grenadine after utilizing early stage booth that the canopy mould is removed, and prevents insect pollination.

2, proper seeding: green pepper belongs to the hot vegetable crop of happiness, can not grow normally below 14 ℃, the North China grows, the North China is with early Febuary greenhouse sowing, northeast and area, Inner Mongol are sowed with early March, it is main growing seedlings, and is standard not to be subjected to the freeze injury of late frost after the field planting of assurance green pepper all.

3, rational close planting: because two parents all belong to early-maturing variety, thus want rational close planting, but can not be overstocked, otherwise will influence pollination and output and quality, to dwindle spacing in the rows, adding wide row space is standard, is beneficial to pollination, one-level guarantees that mu plants the 3500-4000 strain

4, artificial pollination: the method that adopts artificial bud pollination, because green pepper is an often cross-pollinated crop, though isolated insect string powder each other with gauze, but it also has the ability by self pollination, so must stamen be removed at strip off bud before the blooming of female parent, it is awarded to use the pollen fetched from male parent in second day, and will carry out secondary for the output that guarantees seed and quality and repeat pollination, on female anthocaulus, hang an individual little iron ring (thin wire is made) after the pollination and be differentiated.

5, roguing: in order to guarantee the purity of parent and crossbreed, big seedling stage that should be before field planting, initial bloom stage, first fruit phase, the strain of assorted strain deformity and same the dialling of diseased plant that do not meet parent's characteristic feature characteristic are removed, field inspection male parent is based on initial bloom stage, maternal based on the fruit picking phase, with the quality of the purity of guaranteeing seed.

Two, the feature of " Jinjiao No.3 "

1, source: utilize the inbred line 86-02 of high-generation homozygosis to make female parent by the Vegetable Inst., Tianjin and make male parent, the assorted combination of a formulated generation with high-generation homozygosis inbred line 87-16.

2; feature: the plant strain growth gesture is strong, and plant type is compact upright, plant height 65cm; strain width of cloth 60cm, the 8-10 sheet is buddingged, and 30 days begin to gather in the crops after the field planting; it is long to belong to the early-maturing variety internode, and blade is bigger, and rolls up on the outer rim; the fruit muscle is peppery, belongs to half pungent kind, the fruit bottle green; bird-caging, the fruit face is gauffer slightly, maximum substance 135 grams of mean fruit weight 87 grams; the long 8.2cm of fruit; wide 8.0cm, the thick 0.33cm of pulp, 3-4 ventricle; Vc content 89.2mg/100g; this kind percentage of fertile fruit height, the continuous anti-CMV of the strong anti-TMV of property as a result is fit to film-mulching cultivation and the cultivation on protection ground in early spring; output surpasses parents' per mu yield 3500-4500 kilogram, is applicable to the most of provinces and cities and the area in the whole nation.

The high-yield culture technique of three " Jinjiao No.3s ":

" Jinjiao No.3 " is the first generation of hybrid, and it is fast to have a growth potential, disease resistance good yield height, and colory characteristics, breeding is joined method in order to bring into play its heterotic effect better, must adopt supporting culture technique, and concrete main points are as follows:

1, select soil property location preferably, will use sufficient base fertilizer before the field planting, general mu organic fertilizer 8-10 cubic meter, composite fertilizer 42-50 kilogram, and also upper and lower irrigation and drainage system is complete.

2, open country mulch film ealy maturing culture; early January cold bed sowing or early Febuary the greenhouse seeding and seedling raising; cold bed sowing mid-December of protection ground (booth) cultivation or January early and middle ten days greenhouse seeding and seedling raising; general booth is in the mid or late March field planting; open country is in the late April field planting; booth seeding row spacing 25 * 50cm mu is planted 5000 strains, open country seeding row spacing 30 * 50cm, and mu is planted 4500 strains.

3, in time enhance field management after the field planting: setting was prohibited nitrogen fertilizer application in the past, the fruit drop in order to avoid cause excessive growth, door green pepper and to the in time suitable later on nitrogen fertilizer application of green pepper setting, promote the growth of seedling fruit, whole fruiting period will be fitted and be executed fertilizer 2-3 time, keep mound see dried see wet, timely intertill and clean tillage.

4, in time gather: " Jinjiao No.3 " its high yield potential is bigger, and growth is fast, and untimely results will cause weighing down seedling and influence total output, generally be to gather in 10-15 days in the back of blooming.

" Jinjiao No.3 " is in the performance of each department

Claims (6)

1, a kind of green pepper hybrid seeding method is characterized in that with high-generation homozygosis inbred line 86-02 be female parent, is male parent preparing hybrid kind " Jinjiao No.3 " and has proposed corresponding seeding technique and high-yield culture technique with high-generation homozygosis inbred line 87-16.

2, green pepper hybrid seeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that isozygotying and selecting inbred line with " No. three, Jilin " green pepper selfing, then through 5 generation individual plant select high-generation homozygosis inbred line 86-02.

3, green pepper hybrid seeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that carrying out 2 generation Dan Xuan again with after 3 generations of " Yang Zui " green pepper selfing, selects high-generation homozygosis inbred line 87-16.

4, cross-breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that isolating with grenadine, in case insect pollination, the father and mother that gather originally.

5, cross-breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that proper seeding, and the North China is advisable with sowing mid-February, and suitable this ratio of father and mother is piecemeal plantation in 1: 5, and density is 5000 strain/mus.

6, green pepper hybrid seeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that roguing, and the assorted strain that does not meet parent's characteristic feature, lopsided strain, diseased plant are dialled and remove, to guarantee the purity of parent and crossbreed.

Images