CN103988755B - A kind of in intertidal zone, strand the method for unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest and fixture windward - Google Patents
A kind of in intertidal zone, strand the method for unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest and fixture windward Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention is applicable to mangrove forest planting technology field, provide a kind of in intertidal zone, strand the method for unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest and fixture windward.The method comprises the following steps: at select location excavation mangrove seed plant hole; Mangrove seedling is implanted in described kind of plant hole, and pile up three layers of maintenance sand hill successively, then carry out covering, tamping with silt or gravel or other grains of sand, wherein, ground floor maintenance sand hill is fertilizer-gravel sand hill, second layer maintenance sand hill is consumption shell-Sha-native sand hill, and third layer maintenance sand hill is at least one in gravel sand hill, silt sand hill or other grains of sand sand hills; According to said method plant mangrove seedling, form section mangrove forest; Fixture is adopted to be fixed mangrove seedling; At the coastal waters end of distance subtidal line leading edge 2-5m, fender pile is set.The method at the cultivating mangrove in tidal zone of various substrate, can reach the object of wind wave prevention, and mangrove forest survival rate is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mangrove forest planting technology field, particularly relate to a kind of in intertidal zone, strand the method for unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest and fixture windward.
Background technology
Mangrove forest is the endemic plant group that the torrid zone, the bay of subtropics land and sea junction and river mouth salt marsh are coated, and is the important vegetation pattern safeguarding that coastal ecology balance, has the windproof wave that disappears, beach protection and accretion promotion, consolidates the effects such as bank bank protection, have the title of " seashore bodyguard ".But sea reclamation, enclose and cultivate cultivation, sewage discharge etc. and destroy a large amount of mangrove forest, causing area sharply atrophy, often suffers heavy losses in these areas in typhoon tsunami.Shore, the coastal area such as Guangdong, Guangxi littoral zone develops into reinforced concrete embankment more, and intertidal zone many accumulations stone is with the wave that disappears, and this type of quantities greatly and with coastal ecology is lain fallow to be with and built aim and conflict mutually.Therefore, effectively plant in intertidal zone, strand that to carry out ecological bank protection significant with recovering mangrove forest.
In windward side, intertidal zone, mangrove forest strand, stormy waves corrodes and substrate situation is bad causes mangrove forest can not self-sow: stormy waves corrodes the sedimentation of obstruction substrate, and the treelet of plantation is because being washed upside down after the loose and exposed root system of substrate; The mangrove forest seedling come with seawater drift under natural conditions can not take root in the stop of gravel substrate beach because of tide dynamic force; Gravel substrate can not meet mangrove forest growth containing organic matter is too low.
In mangrove forest, dominant macrobenthos is shell-fish and mollusk, and zoobenthos makes cave and foraging behavior in sylvan life, and can improve the aeration condition of soil, promote organic mineralization, be also favourable to the growth of mangrove forest.The gnaw behavior of zoobenthos to mangrove brood body, blade, tree root, trunk etc. simultaneously also has modification to vegetation structure.
At present about less in the technological invention of strand cultivating mangrove in tidal zone, and also there are some problems in the application of these technology: as higher to location condition in existing mangrove forest planting technology, has requirement to beach substrate and stormy waves.Plantation place is only suitable for soft bed mud beach, and can not plant at the beach of sandy, gravel, silt particle substrate.Can not plant, the open bank section (windward side) vertical with sea advantage wind comparatively strong by wave action; Secondly, plantation mangrove forest mostly is pure forest (single kind or a few), does not give full play to the storm resisting capacity of the multiple special root system of various mangrove forest and limb, reduces the diseases and insect pests resistance of mangrove forest simultaneously; Again, only focus on the recovery of mangrove vegetation, ignore the action effect built beach zoobenthos control environment and bring; In addition, a large amount of engineering construction, cost is too high and impact is applied.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest windward in intertidal zone, strand, be intended to solve because substrate situation is bad, stormy waves corrodes and cause in intertidal zone, strand that unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest survival rate is low windward, and deposit woods and be subject to the problems such as damage by disease and insect invasion and attack.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the fixture of a kind of unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest windward in intertidal zone, strand.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of method of unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest windward in intertidal zone, strand, comprises the following steps:
At select location excavation mangrove seed plant hole;
Mangrove seedling is implanted in described kind of plant hole, and pile up three layers of maintenance sand hill successively, then carry out covering, tamping with silt or gravel or other grains of sand, wherein, ground floor maintenance sand hill is fertilizer-gravel sand hill, second layer maintenance sand hill is consumption shell-Sha-native sand hill, and third layer maintenance sand hill is at least one in gravel sand hill, silt sand hill or other grains of sand sand hills; According to said method plant mangrove seedling, form section mangrove forest;
Fixture is adopted to be fixed mangrove seedling;
At the coastal waters end of distance subtidal line leading edge 2-5m, fender pile is set.
And the fixture of a kind of unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest windward in intertidal zone, strand, described fixture is comprise T-shaped that is formed by fixedly connecting by cross bar and montant.
The method of the unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest windward in intertidal zone, strand provided by the invention, first, adopt sand hill, fixture, perimeter defense stake conbined usage protection mangrove seedling, solid durable, can thoroughly solve stormy waves corrode and wash away, can in a large number for intertidal zone, strand windward unrestrained face mangrove forest reparation; Secondly, adopt sand hill plantation, layering dress soil, effectively can improve the aeration condition of soil, promote organic mineralization, promote zoobenthos, growth of microorganism, is conducive to the survival rate improving mangrove seedling.
The fixture of the unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest windward in intertidal zone, strand provided by the invention, not only structure is simple, easily operates, and durable, can realize recycling, to be highly suitable in intertidal zone, strand windward unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest time for fixing mangrove seedling.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the shared fixture schematic diagram of the section plantation mangrove forest that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 2 is that the mangrove seed of the accumulation maintenance sand hill that the embodiment of the present invention provides plants schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the T-shaped fixture schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 4 is the T-shaped fixture schematic diagram with anti-rotational design that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
In order to make the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention from engineering practicability angle, for mangrove plant characteristic and coastal tidal present situation, propose a kind of high-servival rate, take into account mixed friendship mangrove implantation methods and corollary apparatus that mangrove and sylvan life zoobenthos living environment improve.
Embodiments provide a kind of method of unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest windward in intertidal zone, strand, comprise the following steps:
S01. at select location excavation mangrove seed plant hole;
S02. mangrove seedling is implanted in described kind of plant hole, and pile up three layers of maintenance sand hill successively, then carry out covering, tamping with silt or gravel or other grains of sand, wherein, ground floor maintenance sand hill is fertilizer-gravel sand hill, second layer maintenance sand hill is consumption shell-Sha-native sand hill, and third layer maintenance sand hill is at least one in gravel sand hill, silt sand hill or other grains of sand sand hills; According to said method plant mangrove seedling, form section mangrove forest;
S03. fixture is adopted to be fixed mangrove seedling;
S04. fender pile is set at the coastal waters end of distance subtidal line leading edge 2-5m.
Particularly, in above-mentioned steps S01, in intertidal zone, strand, unrestrained face chooses the position of plantation mangrove forest windward, and select location excavates mangrove seed plant hole.The large I of described kind of plant hole is selected with reference to the specification of mangrove seedling bag, and the degree of depth of planting plant hole is advisable mangrove shoot root portion can be imbedded in kind of plant hole completely.As preferred embodiment, in order to make the mangrove seedling bag of following plantation can implant preferably in kind of plant hole, the size of described kind of plant hole is (15-20) cm × (15-20) cm, and the degree of depth of planting plant hole is 15-25cm.
In above-mentioned steps S02, mangrove seedling is implanted in described kind of plant hole.Described mangrove seedling is the band reddle sapling of removing Seedling bag, and its mangrove seedling selects the mangrove seedling into cultivating after 1-2, is highly 10-20cm.Cultivate the mangrove seedling after 1-2, root length and the suitable transplanting of plant height.Be with soil to transplant together during lifting, after lifting, retained the branches and leaves of 20-40% by beta pruning.Owing to mostly easily hurting the root of plant when transplanting mangrove seedling, therefore, the embodiment of the present invention, by cutting off part branches and leaves, reduces consumption and the transpiration of sapling nutrient after transplanting, make the absorption of root to meet consumption, thus improve the survival rate of mangrove seedling.In order to ensure that the root system of mangrove seedling obtains protection possible to the greatest extent greatly, described in be equipped with the Seedling bag of mangrove seedling diameter × height specification be preferably: (10-15) cm × (10-15) cm.Described mangrove seedling should be planted as early as possible after lifting, and as preferred embodiment, described mangrove seedling is (same day or the 2nd day) plantation in 2 days after lifting, and its survival rate is higher.
Piling up when planting mangrove seedling in the step of maintenance sand hill, after piling up three layers of maintenance sand hill successively, realizing the reinforcing of mangrove seedling by the mode that silt or gravel or sand carry out covering, tamp.As preferred embodiment, in described fertilizer-gravel sand hill, in the cumulative volume of fertilizer-gravel sand hill for 100%, wherein, the percent by volume of fertilizer is 70-80%, and the percent by volume of gravel is 20-30%.As another preferred embodiment, in described consumption shell-Sha-native sand hill, to consume the cumulative volume of shell-Sha-native sand hill for 100%, wherein, the percent by volume of consumption shell is 50-60%, and husky percent by volume is 20-25%, and the percent by volume of soil is 20-25%.As further preferred embodiment, in described fertilizer-gravel sand hill, in the cumulative volume of fertilizer-gravel sand hill for 100%, wherein, the percent by volume of fertilizer is 70-80%, the percent by volume of gravel is 20-30%, in described consumption shell-Sha-native sand hill, to consume the cumulative volume of shell-Sha-native sand hill for 100%, wherein, the percent by volume of consumption shell is 50-60%, and husky percent by volume is 20-25%, and the percent by volume of soil is 20-25%.The design of this sand hill level, fully can ensure the abundant absorption of firm, the nutrient of mangrove seedling, be mainly manifested in following several respects: first, due to intertidal zone, mangrove forest strand, stormy waves erosion in unrestrained face is serious windward, hinder substrate sedimentation, and the too low normal growth that cannot ensure mangrove seedling of the content of organic matter in gravel substrate, therefore, stack fertilizer-gravel sand hill at the bottom, gritty sand hill can play fixing mangrove seedling, make it exempt from the danger blown away by stormy waves on the one hand; On the other hand, Organic manure content sufficient in fertilizer-gravel sand hill, can ensure that fertilizer as much as possible directly contacts with mangrove shoot root system, thus provides the organic composition needed for the growth of mangrove seedling.Secondly, select on fertilizer-gravel sand hill, stack consumption shell-Sha-native sand hill, on the one hand, the dynamics of firm mangrove seedling can be strengthened further, on the other hand, owing to containing a large amount of consumption shells in consumption shell-Sha-native sand hill, the space of consumption shell is more, oxygen content relative abundance, therefore, it is not only conducive to mangrove shoot root portion and carries out respiration, and the zoobenthos for living in caves, microorganism creates good living environment, promote zoobenthos, microbial growth, thus improve the aeration condition of soil further, and promote organic mineralization, be conducive to the growth of mangrove forest.Again, third layer adopts silt or gravel or husky dress bag to pile up, and can prevent silt or gravel or the loss of other grains of sand under stormy waves eating condition, play reinforcement effect further.Finally, piling up one deck silt or gravel or other grains of sand in the superiors, by not becoming the silt of bag or gravel or other grains of sand to fill sand hill gap, and sand hill being carried out covering, tamping simultaneously.The on-the-spot silt that digs out or gravel or other grains of sand when above-mentioned silt or gravel or other grains of sand can select cave.Pile up the schematic diagram of protection sand hill plant mangrove seedling in described kind of plant hole after as shown in Figure 2, wherein, 1 is mangrove seedling, 20 is fixture, 5 is fertilizer-gravel sand hill, and 6 is consumption shell-Sha-native sand hill, and 7 is at least one in gravel sand hill, silt sand hill or other grains of sand sand hills.
Described sand hill is preferably cloth bag or fiber bag, and its large I correspondingly adjusts according to the size of kind of plant hole and mangrove seedling.As preferred embodiment, described sand hill can be packaged into the cylindrical shape of diameter 8-10cm, length 18-22cm.During dress bag, content only fills the half volume of sand bag, thus can be filled in closely around mangrove seedling, realizes reinforcing.The thickness of each layer sand hill can adjust according to actual conditions, as preferred embodiment, under the prerequisite ensureing above-mentioned effect, reduces consumption, and the thickness of each layer sand hill is advisable for stacking 3-4 bag sand hill.
The plantation of section mangrove seedling described in the embodiment of the present invention adopts the section planting patterns from subtidal line to high-water mark, and wherein mangrove seedling spacing in the rows is 0.5-1m, and line-spacing is 0.5-0.8m.The setting of this suitable spacing in the rows and line-spacing, can not affect its growth because of overstocked between mangrove seedling apart on the one hand, on the other hand, this rational density also effectively can ensure the effect of its windproof wave that disappears, beach protection and accretion promotion.
In order to increase the survival rate of mangrove seedling, the height of tree, base footpath and of number of branches, improve Afforestation Quality, form mangrove forest that is multi-level, stereoscopic protective, as the preferred embodiment of the present invention, mangrove forest is made up of the mangrove of more than 3 layers different cultivars in described section, every layer of mangrove can planting one or more according to local environment factor.As specific embodiment, the mangrove of 3 layers of different cultivars of planting successively from subtidal line to high-water mark is respectively: subtidal line outermost layer mangrove is one or more Avicennia marina, Aegiceras corniculatum, Hai Sang, lapacho wood, intermediate layer mangrove be the autumn eggplant, Bruguiera conjugata, Rhizophora stylosa, Hai Lian, one or more in old mouse le, inside high-water mark, mangrove is one or more in Bruguiera conjugata, Hai Lian, cusp Hai Lian, looking glass tree, sea paint, halogen fern.
As further preferred embodiment, the mangrove seedling that in each described kind of plant hole, plantation 2 is of the same race or not of the same race.On the one hand, the setting of mangrove seedling spacing in the rows and line-spacing, is enough to the growing space of guarantee two strain mangrove seedling, thus improves the survival rate of mangrove seedling; On the other hand, adopt the mode implanting 2 mangrove seedlings not of the same race in a kind plant hole, can fully realize mangrove forest mixed forest, thus the survival rate of increase mangrove seedling, the height of tree, base footpath, number of branches and hat width etc.
In above-mentioned steps S03, fixture is squeezed into beach substrate after having planted by section mangrove forest, realizes fixing mangrove seedling.Described fixture is comprise T-shaped that is formed by fixedly connecting by cross bar and montant.In order to adapt to the complex environment of the long-term erosion of seawater, described fixture is preferably corrosion-resistant T-shaped that hard material makes.As preferred embodiment, the long 12-16cm of cross bar of T-shaped, the long 22-26cm of montant, is preferably further, the long 15cm of cross bar of T-shaped, the long 25cm of montant.As specific embodiment, described fixture is the T-shaped screw-thread steel of stainless steel material.
As further preferred embodiment, described T-shaped fixture has anti-rotational design.As preferred embodiment, described anti-rotation feature is arranged at the end away from cross bar of described montant.Particularly, described anti-rotational design described T-shaped away from cross bar 8-10cm place.The concrete using method of described fixture for: centered by planted mangrove seedling, 3 fixtures are vertically squeezed in soil to 2/3rds places, form positive triangle orientation, and then with rope as the vertical rod by fixture such as cordage or nylon rope is wound around, thus play the effect of fixing mangrove seedling and sand hill.Certainly, the fixation that more than 4 or 4 fixtures also can be adopted to form regular polygons realize mangrove seedling and sand hill.
The plantation of section mangrove seedling can form shared fixture and be fixed, and shares the vertical view of fixture as shown in Figure 1, and wherein 1 represents mangrove seedling, the cross bar of the T-shaped fixture of 2 expression.
Certainly, the fixture of the embodiment of the present invention also realizes by following manner: from three directions around support mangrove seedling centered by planted mangrove seedling, by three fixtures, insert soil, fasten realization with rope horizontal by 45° angle.
In above-mentioned steps S04, in order to the mangrove seedling reducing plantation exempts from the danger of stormy waves erosion as far as possible, in distance subtidal line leading edge 2-5m coastal waters, end arranges fender pile.Described protection is dirty selects wooden fender pile, and the row of described fender pile is advisable with 2-3 row, and adjacent two row's fender piles are at a distance of 1-2 rice, and same row timber interval 0.8-1.2m, further, with row timber interval 1m.As preferred embodiment, interior row's fender pile of nearly high-water mark is higher than adjacent outer row's fender pile, and form the difference in height high-water mark of 0.5-1m between the two, outer row's fender pile and the high-water mark water surface remain basically stable.Bulwark lined up by described fender pile, thus avoids the direct impact that stormy waves causes mangrove seedling.
Further, after mangrove seed is planted in 2-3, answer close supervision mangrove seedling growing state, process in time after finding damage by disease and insect.The method of diseases and pests controlling is unrestricted, can operate according to the actual conditions of damage by disease and insect.The method of diseases and pests controlling conventional in this area is all in the protection domain of the embodiment of the present invention.
After mangrove seed plants rear 2-3, because mangrove seedling has been taken root in a down-to-earth manner, now, can recycle fixture, realize recycling, cost-saving.
The method of unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest windward in intertidal zone, strand that the embodiment of the present invention provides, first, by sand hill, fixture, perimeter defense stake with the use of, solid durable, thoroughly can solve stormy waves corrode and wash away, can in a large number for the mangrove forest reparation of intertidal zone, unrestrained strand windward; Secondly, adopt sand hill plantation, layering dress soil, can improve the aeration condition of soil, promote organic mineralization, promote zoobenthos, growth of microorganism, is conducive to the survival rate improving mangrove seedling; Again, plantation mixed forest is built by multiple mangrove forest kind, make full use of the storm resisting capacity of multiple special root system and limb, be conducive to the survival rate of increase mangrove seedling, the height of tree, base footpath and of number of branches, improve insect-pest ability, thus raising Afforestation Quality, recover mangrove forest that is multi-level, stereoscopic protective.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides the fixture of a kind of unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest windward in intertidal zone, strand, and described fixture is comprise T-shaped that is formed by fixedly connecting by cross bar 2 and montant 3, as shown in Figure 3.
As shown in Figure 4, described fixture has anti-rotational design 3, and described anti-rotation feature is arranged at the end away from cross bar of described montant, and described anti-rotation feature and T-shaped fixture are at same plane.Described anti-rotational design can be avoided T-shaped resistance to fixture to rotate causing realizing fixation.
The concrete using method of described fixture for: centered by planted mangrove seedling, 3 fixtures are vertically squeezed in soil to 2/3rds places, form positive triangle orientation, then just with rope as the vertical rod by fixture such as cordage or nylon rope is wound around, thus play the effect of fixing mangrove seedling and sand hill.Certainly, the fixation that more than 4 or 4 fixtures also can be adopted to form regular polygons realize mangrove seedling and sand hill.
The fixture of unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest windward in intertidal zone, strand that the embodiment of the present invention provides, structure simply, easily operates, and this device adopts corrosion-resistant hard material to prepare, therefore durable, can realize recycling.
Be described below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
At the beach (long 40m, wide 10m) that a slice is grown without the wild red woods, have about 30 days high wind speeds to be 100-150km/h every year, high-water mark and subtidal line spacing 8m, substrate is silt.
At select location excavation mangrove seed plant hole;
Mangrove seedling is implanted in described kind of plant hole, and three-layer protection sand hill is piled up successively on kind is planted seedlings, then carry out covering, tamping with silt or gravel or sand, wherein, ground floor maintenance sand hill is fertilizer-gravel sand hill, second layer maintenance sand hill is consumption shell-Sha-native sand hill, and third layer maintenance sand hill is at least one in silt sand hill or other grains of sand sand hills.The mangrove of according to said method planting 3 layers of different cultivars from subtidal line to high-water mark forms section plantation, subtidal line ecological region planting two arranges Aegiceras corniculatum and Avicennia marina, middle level plantation autumn eggplant, Bruguiera conjugata, Lao Shu le, high-water mark ecological region planting Bruguiera conjugata and sea paint, plant mangrove seedling 3200 altogether.Fixture is adopted to be fixed mangrove seedling;
Arrange at distance subtidal line leading edge 3m and anti-fender pile is set.
Within 2 years, survive 2454 afterwards, survival rate is to 76.7%.Aerial root wherein at the bottom of mangrove forest woods, prop root, respiratory root are obvious, play the effect protecting sea wall together with the limb of the various shape of mangrove forest well.
Its mangrove upgrowth situation is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
| Kind | Survival rate (%) | Average plant height (m) during plantation | 2 years average plant heights (m) afterwards |
| Aegiceras corniculatum | 77 | 0.5 | 0.9 |
| Avicennia marina | 86 | 1.2 | 1.8 |
| Autumn eggplant | 100 | 1.2 | 3.4 |
| Bruguiera conjugata | 58 | 1.6 | 3.5 |
| Lao Shu le | 42 | 0.8 | 1.1 |
| Sea paint | 80 | 1.2 | 2.6 |
Embodiment 2
In a slice strand leisure band beach (long 20m, wide 11m), have about 45 days highest wind velocity to be 100-120km/h every year, high-water mark and subtidal line spacing 10m, substrate is mainly sand, mud and gravel.。
At select location excavation mangrove seed plant hole;
Mangrove seedling is implanted in described kind of plant hole, and three-layer protection sand hill is piled up successively on kind is planted seedlings, then carry out covering, tamping with silt or gravel or sand, wherein, ground floor maintenance sand hill is fertilizer-gravel sand hill, second layer maintenance sand hill is consumption shell-Sha-native sand hill, and third layer maintenance sand hill is at least one in silt sand hill or other grains of sand sand hills.The mangrove of according to said method planting 3 layers of different cultivars from subtidal line to high-water mark forms section plantation, subtidal line ecological region planting two arranges Hai Sang and Avicennia marina, middle level plantation autumn eggplant, Rhizophora stylosa, high-water mark ecological region planting Hai Lian and looking glass tree, plant mangrove seedling 1750 altogether.
Fixture is adopted to be fixed mangrove seedling;
At distance subtidal line leading edge 4m, fender pile is set.
Within 2 years, survive 1227 afterwards, survival rate is to 70.1%.
Its mangrove upgrowth situation is as shown in table 2 below:
Table 2
| Kind | Survival rate (%) | Average plant height (m) during plantation | 2 years average plant heights (m) afterwards |
| Hai Sang | 100 | 1.8 | 4.5 |
| Avicennia marina | 70 | 0.9 | 1.6 |
| Autumn eggplant | 55 | 1.1 | 3.3 |
| Rhizophora stylosa | 65 | 1.6 | 3.5 |
| Hai Lian | 60 | 1.2 | 1.6 |
| Looking glass tree | 74 | 1.8 | 3.4 |
Embodiment 3
At the beach (long 100m, wide 4m) in a slice unrestrained face windward, have about 30 days highest wind velocity to be 100-120km/h every year, high-water mark and subtidal line spacing 4m, substrate is mainly mud and gravel.。
At select location excavation mangrove seed plant hole;
Mangrove seedling is implanted in described kind of plant hole, and three-layer protection sand hill is piled up successively on kind is planted seedlings, then carry out covering, tamping with silt or gravel or sand, wherein, ground floor maintenance sand hill is fertilizer-gravel sand hill, second layer maintenance sand hill is consumption shell-Sha-native sand hill, and third layer maintenance sand hill is at least one in silt sand hill or other grains of sand sand hills.The mangrove of according to said method planting 3 layers of different cultivars from subtidal line to high-water mark forms section plantation, subtidal line ecological region planting lapacho wood, and middle level plantation autumn eggplant, high-water mark ecological region planting Bruguiera conjugata, plants mangrove seedling 3420 altogether.
Fixture is adopted to be fixed mangrove seedling;
At distance subtidal line leading edge 2m, fender pile is set.
Within 2 years, survive 2811 afterwards, survival rate is to 72.9%.
Its mangrove upgrowth situation is as shown in table 3 below:
Table 3
| Kind | Survival rate (%) | Average plant height (m) during plantation | 2 years average plant heights (m) afterwards |
| Lapacho wood | 75 | 1.6 | 3.6 |
| Autumn eggplant | 71 | 1.5 | 2.6 |
| Bruguiera conjugata | 70 | 1.5 | 4.3 |
From upper embodiment, by embodiment of the present invention method in intertidal zone, strand unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest windward, not only mangrove forest grow fine-plant height of mangrove seedling after 2 years obviously increased considerably, and its survival rate obtains mentioning more greatly, can reach more than 70.1%.Thus effectively can realize the effect of the mangrove forest windproof wave that disappears in unrestrained face, beach protection and accretion promotion, solid bank bank protection windward in intertidal zone, strand.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. in intertidal zone, strand, a method for mangrove forest is planted in unrestrained face windward, comprises the following steps:
At select location excavation mangrove seed plant hole;
Mangrove seedling is implanted in described kind of plant hole, and pile up three layers of maintenance sand hill successively, then carry out covering, tamping with silt or gravel or other grains of sand, wherein, ground floor maintenance sand hill is fertilizer-gravel sand hill, second layer maintenance sand hill is consumption shell-Sha-native sand hill, and third layer maintenance sand hill is at least one in gravel sand hill, silt sand hill or other grains of sand sand hills; According to said method plant mangrove seedling, form section mangrove forest;
Fixture is adopted to be fixed mangrove seedling;
At the coastal waters end of distance subtidal line leading edge 2-5m, fender pile is set.
2. the method for the unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest windward in intertidal zone, strand as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described fertilizer-gravel sand hill, in the cumulative volume of fertilizer-gravel sand hill for 100%, wherein, the percent by volume of fertilizer is 70-80%, and the percent by volume of gravel is 20-30%; And/or
In described consumption shell-Sha-native sand hill, to consume the cumulative volume of shell-Sha-native sand hill for 100%, wherein, the percent by volume of consumption shell is 50-60%, and husky percent by volume is 20-25%, and the percent by volume of soil is 20-25%.
3. the method for the unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest windward in intertidal zone, strand as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described section mangrove forest is made up of the mangrove of more than 3 layers different cultivars, and every layer of mangrove kind is identical or different.
4. the method for unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest windward in intertidal zone, strand as described in as arbitrary in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, the plantation of described section mangrove forest adopts the planting patterns from subtidal line to high-water mark, and wherein mangrove seedling spacing in the rows is 0.5-1m, and line-spacing is 0.5-0.8m.
5. the method for unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest windward in intertidal zone, strand as described in as arbitrary in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described mangrove seedling is the mangrove seedling after cultivating 1-2, is highly 10-20cm, by the branches and leaves of beta pruning reservation 20-40% after lifting.
6. the method for unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest windward in intertidal zone, strand as described in as arbitrary in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, the mangrove of 3 layers of different cultivars is planted in the plantation of described section mangrove seedling successively from subtidal line to high-water mark, be respectively: outermost layer mangrove is Avicennia marina, Aegiceras corniculatum, Hai Sang, one or more in lapacho wood, intermediate layer mangrove is autumn eggplant, Bruguiera conjugata, Rhizophora stylosa, Hai Lian, one or more in Lao Shu le, inner side mangrove is Bruguiera conjugata, Hai Lian, cusp Hai Lian, looking glass tree, sea paint, one or more in halogen fern.
7. the method for unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest windward in intertidal zone, strand as described in as arbitrary in claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, plants 2 mangrove seedlings of the same race or not of the same race in each described kind of plant hole.
8. the method for unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest windward in intertidal zone, strand as described in as arbitrary in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, the line space of described fender pile is 1-2m, colleague's fender pile spacing is 0.8-1.2m, and interior row's fender pile of nearly high-water mark is higher than adjacent outer row's fender pile, forms the difference in height of 0.5-1m between the two.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410206062.8A CN103988755B (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2014-05-15 | A kind of in intertidal zone, strand the method for unrestrained face plantation mangrove forest and fixture windward |
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| CN110100689A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-08-09 | 广东美景园林建设有限公司 | The mangrove method of forestation and structure on a kind of seashore rock beach |
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| CN100544588C (en) * | 2006-12-05 | 2009-09-30 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | A kind of method of cultivating mangrove in tidal zone |
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| CN102057852B (en) * | 2010-11-16 | 2012-08-29 | 香港城市大学深圳研究院 | Method for building local mangrove forest on intertidal zone unsuitable for forestation |
| CN202026652U (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-11-09 | 安徽农业大学 | T-shaped elastic support rod for garden tree protection |
| US20130139435A1 (en) * | 2011-12-06 | 2013-06-06 | Marvin Lewis Harrod | Adjustable plant support |
| CN102619192B (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2014-06-18 | 广西红树林研究中心 | Method for increasing elevation of intertidal zone to form suitable land for mangrove forest |
| CN103026935A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-04-10 | 华南师范大学 | Mangrove plant big seedling transplantation protective cover and application thereof |
| CN103004551A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-04-03 | 华南师范大学 | Method for planting mixed mangrove forest in groups |
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| CN110100689A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-08-09 | 广东美景园林建设有限公司 | The mangrove method of forestation and structure on a kind of seashore rock beach |
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