CN103980066B - A kind of garlic dedicated fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of garlic dedicated fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of garlic dedicated fertilizer and preparation method thereof, belongs to technical field of agricultural fertilizers, solves the problems such as existing fertilizer does not have garlic specific aim, and fertilizer efficiency is low.It comprises base manure and topdressing, and described base manure is the tunning of the water content 10wt% ~ 15wt% obtained of being fermented through inoculation bacterium liquid by 100 parts, biogas waste residue, leaf 30 parts, plant ash 15 parts, garlic stalk 30 parts, traditional Chinese medicinal components 5 parts, potassium sulfate 15, diammonium phosphate 30,20 parts, urea; Described topdressing is made up of the raw material of following weight per-cent: potassium sulfate 15 parts, diammonium phosphate 30 parts, 5 parts, sulphur, 70% fosetyl aluminium mancozeb wettable powder 1 part, 75% m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile wettable powder 1 part.This fertilizer meets the regulation of fertilizer requirement of garlic, is applicable to garlic whole process and uses, and can significantly improve the seed output and quality of garlic, reduce the sickness rate of various disease in planting garlic process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of agricultural fertilizers, especially a kind of garlic dedicated fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Garlic has become the indispensable condiment of mankind's daily life at present, and also have treatment and health-care effect in addition, such as, in temperature stomach invigorating, help digestion removing toxic substances desinsection of regulating the flow of vital energy, and swelling and pain relieving, antidiarrheal stops dysentery.At present, domestic and international market is always all very stable to the demand of garlic, and China's garlic outlet accounts for a big chunk share of agricultural byproducts outlet sum, and therefore, planting garlic area also expands gradually, and output improves constantly.The Garlic yield of China accounts for more than 70% of global ultimate production, and the planting garlic area of China reaches about 700,000 hectares, and account for more than 60% of global planting garlic area, major production base concentrates on Shandong, Henan, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Anhui etc.China's garlic industry development is good, and there is good broad space in market.
In planting garlic process, the rational application of fertilizer is the important factor ensureing seed output and quality, investigate according to Garlic Fertilization, find that garlic producing region soil fertility is low, Fertilizer application is science not, determines kind and the quantity of fertilizer as failed according to the regulation of fertilizer requirement of soil nutrient status and different varieties garlic, Garlic yield is caused to reduce sharply, quality variation, the economic benefit of peasant planting garlic glides, utilization rate of fertilizer and apply fertilizer low in economic efficiency.
On the other hand, current China has become one of country that agriculture waste biomass generation is maximum in the world, it is reported, the raw amount of gross annual output of all kinds of agricultural crop straw of China reaches more than 700,000,000 tons, wherein straw 2.3 hundred million tons, maize straw 2.7 hundred million tons, peanut, beans and autumn coarse cereals stalk 100,000,000 tons.The easiest way of current Treating straw is directly burned down on the farm.Burning season, once repeatedly occurred because of smog all over the sky cause flight cannot land and motorway be forced to close event, both wasted a large amount of precious resources, brought severe contamination to environment again.Therefore agriculture waste biomass outlet has become a great problem that government department is badly in need of solving.Particularly along with the raising of level of agricultural production development and life of farmers level, to be used as utilizing of the agriculture waste biomass of fuel and fertilizer fewer and feweri to original, and agricultural wastes get more and more.
The fertilizer great majority provided in the market are all more single, and whole process uses fertilizer of the same race, or user is by rule of thumb from the fertilizer that main separation is different, when multiple fertilizer is used in selection, again without choice criteria, can not system fertilization be reached, not reach the effect of high yield.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of garlic dedicated fertilizer and preparation method thereof.This garlic dedicated fertilizer meets the regulation of fertilizer requirement of garlic, is applicable to garlic whole process and uses, and can significantly improve the output and quality of garlic, reduce the sickness rate of soil-borne disease.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of garlic special fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprises base manure and topdresses,
Described base manure is the tunning of the water content 10wt% ~ 15wt% obtained of being fermented through inoculation bacterium liquid by the raw material of following weight percent,
100 parts, biogas waste residue, leaf 30 parts, plant ash 15 parts, garlic stalk 30 parts, traditional Chinese medicinal components 5 parts, potassium sulfate 15, diammonium phosphate 30,20 parts, urea,
Described traditional Chinese medicinal components is made up of the raw material of following weight part: black false hellebore 10 parts, trifoliate jewelvine 10 parts, celastrus angulatus 10 parts, trypterygine 10 parts, pseudolaricis 10 parts, Kadsura Root-bark 10 parts, pomegranate rind 1 part;
Described inoculation bacterium liquid is EM bacterium liquid, and described EM bacterium liquid is that the former bacterium of EM obtains through water dilution, and the inoculum size of the former bacterium of described EM is 1wt%, the former bacterium of described EM: the mass ratio of water is 1:100;
Described topdressing is made up of the raw material of following weight part:
Potassium sulfate 15 parts, diammonium phosphate 30 parts, 5 parts, sulphur, 70% fosetyl aluminium mancozeb wettable powder 1 part, 75% m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile wettable powder 1 part.
Present invention also offers a kind of preparation method of garlic special fertilizer, it is characterized in that,
The preparation method of described base manure is as follows:
(1) raw material of base manure is taken according to above-mentioned weight percent, stand-by;
(2) former bacterium dilution: get the former bacterium of EM, the inoculum size of the former bacterium of described EM is wt1%, is added in tap water, by the former bacterium of EM: quality stirs than for 1:100, must inoculate bacterium liquid;
(3) the biogas waste residue, leaf, garlic stalk and the traditional Chinese medicinal components that take in step (1) are pulverized respectively, be added in fermentation vat, mix, then the inoculation bacterium liquid spray in step (2) is added in fermentation vat, the inoculum size of the former bacterium of described EM is wt1%, ferments 7 ~ 10 days, in fermenting process, every two days stirrings once, obtain fermentation material; Then add the plant ash, potassium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, the urea that take in step (1), mix, being then dried to water content is 10wt% ~ 15wt%, pulverizes and granulates, packaging warehouse-in;
The described preparation method topdressed is as follows:
Take the raw material topdressed according to above-mentioned weight percent, mix, granulate.
Present invention also offers a kind of application process of garlic dedicated fertilizer, it is characterized in that, apply fertilizer 3 times altogether, concrete method of application is as follows:
(1) apply fertilizer first: use base manure, use before sowing, amount of application is 200kg/ mu;
(2) secondary fertilising: when garlic bolt grows to 15-25cm height, use and topdress, amount of application is 30kg/ mu;
(3) three fertilisings: bulb expanding stage, again use and topdress, amount of application is 40kg/ mu.
EM bacterium is the multiple-microorganism compositions such as photosynthetic bacterium, lactobacillus, yeast flora.The solar thermal energy that it can utilize soil to accept or be the energy with ultraviolet, hydrogen sulfide in soil and the hydrogen in hydrocarbon polymer are separated, change objectionable impurities is innoxious substance, and with the secretory product of plant root, organism, obnoxious flavour (hydrogen sulfide etc.) and carbonic acid gas, nitrogen etc. for matrix, synthesis carbohydrate, amino acid, vitamins, nitrogen compound and physiologically active substance.It has complex structure, stable performance, multiple functional advantage, for various farm crop, comprises paddy and wheat, beans, potato, corn, oil plant, cotton, fiber crops, sugarcane, cigarette, vegetables, flowers, tealeaves, fruit tree, medicinal material, edible mushrooms etc.Farm crop can be made to give stable high yields irrespective of drought or water logging, effectively prevent disease and pest.Strengthen plant metabolism, promote photosynthesis and strengthening blade protection film, opposing pathogenic bacteria, well developed root system time short, makes into the phase in advance.Produce antimicrobial substance, suppress harmful microorganism breeding, produce benefit materials and prevent and treat various diseases of crops.In profitable strain and soil, the symbiosis such as actinomycetes is grown altogether, and form good crop growth environment, improve the fertile matter of soil, chessom, thoroughly improves soil property.The quality of crop is improved.
Black false hellebore: bitter; Pungent; Cold; Poisonous, return lung; Stomach; Liver Channel, function cures mainly: gush leaf wind phlegm; Desinsection.Main apoplexy phlegm is stopped up; Epilepsy; Malaria; Mange; Dislike sore.
Trifoliate jewelvine: nature and flavor toil; Temperature; Poisonous, return Liver Channel, function cures mainly: blood stasis removing analgesic, killing parasites to relieve itching.Main treating swelling and pain by traumatic injury, arthralgia, mange, eczema.
Celastrus angulatus, has another name called Ramulus et Folium Pcrasmae (Cortex Picrasmae), and nature and flavor are bitter; Cold; Mild toxicity, returns liver; The spleen channel, function cures mainly: heat-clearing and damp-drying drug; Removing toxic substances desinsection.Main eczema; Sore; Mange; Ascariasis; Acute gastroenteritis.
Trypterygine: nature and flavor are bitter; Pungent; Large poison, the thoughts of returning home; Liver Channel, function cures mainly: dispel rheumatism; Promoting blood circulation and removing obstruction in channels; Swelling and pain relieving; Desinsection detoxifies.Main classes rheumatic arthritis; Rheumatic arthritis; Glomerulonephritis; Nephrotic syndrome; Lupus erythematosus; Mouth xerophthalmia scheorma syndrome; Behcet's disease; Eczema; Psoriatic; Leprosy; Scabies; Stubborn dermatitis.
Pseudolaricis: nature and flavor are pungent, temperature.Poisonous.Function cures mainly: Anti-Puritic and insecticidal.For trick tinea, neurodermatitis, eczema, leprosy dysentery head.Put on the skin outside external application root skin or near root bark steeping in wine (pseudolaricis tincture); Or porphyrize powder dresses affected part with vinegar.
Kadsura Root-bark: nature and flavor are bitter; Flat, return liver; The spleen channel, function cures mainly: invigorate blood circulation, treating stranguria, removing toxic substances.Main menoxenia, the stagnant stomachache of the stasis of blood, rheumatic arthralgia, urine leaching pain, larynx numbness, carbuncle swells, mange, wound, snake bite and insect sting.
Pomegranate rind: nature and flavor are sour, puckery, temperature.Return large intestine channel.Function cures mainly: relieving diarrhea with astringents, hemostasis, expelling parasite.For rushing down for a long time, protracted dysentery, has blood in stool, prolapse of the anus, uterine bleeding, leukorrhea, abdominal pain due to worm stagnation.
" burning seedling " phenomenon is exactly because of reasons such as starter quality, makes first time fermentation thorough, thus occurs " Secondary Fermentation " again, the microorganism of " Secondary Fermentation " middle Fast-propagation and crop root contention oxygen, thus produces " burning seedling " phenomenon.Use fermentable that fertilizer can be made to ferment more thorough, unlikely generation Secondary Fermentation causes and burns seedling phenomenon.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) garlic is in process of growth, to moisture fertilizer requirement all higher, organic matter abundant in base manure and beneficial microorganism can promote the formation of soil aggregate, significantly improve the microecosystem environment of soil, enhance the gas permeability of soil and Water and fertilizer retention ability of soil, improve the ability of the sustainable increasing both production and income of soil, and containing traditional Chinese medicinal components in base manure, there is the effect of desinsection, avoid the insect pest in later stage; Meanwhile, this several Chinese medicine itself for organic, also for garlic provides nutrient, has double effects through fermentation.
(2) when preparing fertilizer, employ biogas waste residue, leaf, plant ash, garlic stalk agricultural wastes, reach the effect of utilization of waste material, the content of the various materials in garlic stalk is also relatively applicable to the growth of garlic, uses bacterium goods to ferment, and makes fertilizer slaking faster more thorough, reach better effect, and after organic materials is become thoroughly decomposed thoroughly, execute in ground and can not produce " burning seedling " phenomenon, use very safe.Simultaneously, the microorganism of adding can with the secretory product of plant root, organism, obnoxious flavour (hydrogen sulfide etc.) and carbonic acid gas, nitrogen etc. for matrix, synthesis carbohydrate, amino acid, vitamins, nitrogen compound and physiologically active substance, can make farm crop give stable high yields irrespective of drought or water logging, effectively prevent disease and pest.Produce antimicrobial substance, suppress harmful microorganism breeding, produce benefit materials and prevent and treat various diseases of crops.In profitable strain and soil, the symbiosis such as actinomycetes is grown altogether, and form good crop growth environment, improve the fertile matter of soil, chessom, thoroughly improves soil property.The quality of crop is improved.
(3) garlic dedicated fertilizer of the present invention is the regulation of fertilizer requirement meeting crop, is applicable to the omnidistance applying fertilizer that garlic is special, eliminates peasant's blindly fertilising, repeatedly need select the puzzlement of fertilizer.
(4) preparation of garlic dedicated fertilizer of the present invention is fairly simple, and after using fertilizer of the present invention, garlic per mu yield improves more than 20%, and during planting garlic, the sickness rate of various disease is almost nil.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention better, illustrate content of the present invention further below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention is not only confined to the following examples, embodiment should not regard as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment
A kind of garlic special fertilizer, comprises base manure and topdresses,
Described base manure is the tunning of the water content 10wt% ~ 15wt% obtained of being fermented through inoculation bacterium liquid by the raw material of following weight percent,
100 parts, biogas waste residue, leaf 30 parts, plant ash 15 parts, garlic stalk 30 parts, traditional Chinese medicinal components 5 parts, potassium sulfate 15, diammonium phosphate 30,20 parts, urea,
Described traditional Chinese medicinal components is made up of the raw material of following weight part: black false hellebore 10 parts, trifoliate jewelvine 10 parts, celastrus angulatus 10 parts, trypterygine 10 parts, pseudolaricis 10 parts, Kadsura Root-bark 10 parts, pomegranate rind 1 part;
Described inoculation bacterium liquid is EM bacterium liquid, and described EM bacterium liquid is that the former bacterium of EM obtains through water dilution, and the inoculum size of the former bacterium of described EM is 1wt%, the former bacterium of described EM: the mass ratio of water is 1:100;
Described topdressing is made up of the raw material of following weight part:
Potassium sulfate 15 parts, diammonium phosphate 30 parts, 5 parts, sulphur, 70% fosetyl aluminium mancozeb wettable powder 1 part, 75% m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile wettable powder 1 part.
The preparation method of above-mentioned garlic special fertilizer, the preparation method of described base manure is as follows:
(1) raw material of base manure is taken according to above-mentioned weight percent, stand-by;
(2) former bacterium dilution: get the former bacterium of EM, the inoculum size of the former bacterium of described EM is wt1%, is added in tap water, by the former bacterium of EM: quality stirs than for 1:100, must inoculate bacterium liquid;
(3) the biogas waste residue, leaf, garlic stalk and the traditional Chinese medicinal components that take in step (1) are pulverized respectively, be added in fermentation vat, mix, then the inoculation bacterium liquid spray in step (2) is added in fermentation vat, the inoculum size of the former bacterium of described EM is wt1%, ferments 7 ~ 10 days, in fermenting process, every two days stirrings once, obtain fermentation material; Then add the plant ash, potassium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, the urea that take in step (1), mix, being then dried to water content is 10wt% ~ 15wt%, pulverizes and granulates, packaging warehouse-in;
The described preparation method topdressed is as follows:
Take the raw material topdressed according to above-mentioned weight percent, mix, granulate.
The application process of above-mentioned garlic dedicated fertilizer, apply fertilizer 3 times altogether, concrete method of application is as follows:
(1) apply fertilizer first: use base manure, use before sowing, amount of application is 200kg/ mu;
(2) secondary fertilising: when garlic bolt grows to 15-25cm height, use and topdress, amount of application is 30kg/ mu;
(3) three fertilisings: bulb expanding stage, again use and topdress, amount of application is 40kg/ mu.
According to using method of the present invention by as follows for the effect of products obtained therefrom in actual proportion of crop planting:
Test in areas such as Jining, Shandong Province, Heze.
Embodiment one:
Experimental group and control group all set 3 groups.Fertile soil, water project situation is better, for examination object: garlic.
Experimental group: experimental group, by method of the present invention, uses the garlic dedicated fertilizer that the present invention produces, and applies fertilizer first: use base manure, use before sowing, amount of application is 200kg/ mu; Secondary applies fertilizer: when garlic bolt grows to 15-25cm height, use and topdress, amount of application is 30kg/ mu; Three fertilisings: bulb expanding stage, again use and topdress, amount of application is 40kg/ mu.
Control group: use the fertilizer such as commercially available composite fertilizer, potassium sulfate, use mineral manure 200kg for every mu, divides and uses for three times, every minor tick one month.
Other management conditions are all consistent.
Experimental group and control group all carry out 3 groups of Experimental Comparisons, and experimental result sees the following form 1.
Table 1. garlic contrast and experiment
Use microorganism organic fertilizer of the present invention, to garlic, there is obvious production-increasing function.Experimental group is compared with control group, and average mu stimulation ratio is respectively 20.2%, 21.7%, 23.6%, average stimulation ratio 21.83%.And soil quality increases, the infiltration of soil, water conservation, venting capability strengthen, and soil-borne disease insect pest significantly reduces, and the quality of garlic is also significantly increased, visual inspection, and appearance luster is all better.
Contrast is used fertilizer of the present invention and is used commercially available common chemical fertilizer, and use 3 years, soil quality significantly improves, and the infiltration of soil, water conservation, venting capability strengthen.Soil-borne disease insect pest phenomenon does not occur.
Claims (2)
1. a garlic special fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprises base manure and topdresses,
Described base manure is the tunning of the water content 10wt% ~ 15wt% obtained of being fermented through inoculation bacterium liquid by the raw material of following weight part,
100 parts, biogas waste residue, leaf 30 parts, plant ash 15 parts, garlic stalk 30 parts, traditional Chinese medicinal components 5 parts, potassium sulfate 15 parts, diammonium phosphate 30 parts, 20 parts, urea,
Described traditional Chinese medicinal components is made up of the raw material of following weight part: black false hellebore 10 parts, trifoliate jewelvine 10 parts, celastrus angulatus 10 parts, trypterygine 10 parts, pseudolaricis 10 parts, Kadsura Root-bark 10 parts, pomegranate rind 1 part;
Described inoculation bacterium liquid is EM bacterium liquid, and described EM bacterium liquid is that the former bacterium of EM obtains through water dilution, and the inoculum size of the former bacterium of described EM is 1wt%, the former bacterium of described EM: the mass ratio of water is 1:100;
Described topdressing is made up of the raw material of following weight part:
Potassium sulfate 15 parts, diammonium phosphate 30 parts, 5 parts, sulphur, 70% fosetyl aluminium mancozeb wettable powder 1 part, 75% m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile wettable powder 1 part;
The preparation method of described base manure is as follows:
(1) raw material of base manure is taken according to above-mentioned weight part, stand-by;
(2) former bacterium dilution: get the former bacterium of EM, the inoculum size of the former bacterium of described EM is 1wt%, is added in tap water, by the former bacterium of EM: quality stirs than for 1:100, must inoculate bacterium liquid;
(3) the biogas waste residue, leaf, garlic stalk and the traditional Chinese medicinal components that take in step (1) are pulverized respectively, be added in fermentation vat, mix, then the inoculation bacterium liquid spray in step (2) is added in fermentation vat, the inoculum size of the former bacterium of described EM is 1wt%, ferments 7 ~ 10 days, in fermenting process, every two days stirrings once, obtain fermentation material; Then add the plant ash, potassium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, the urea that take in step (1), mix, being then dried to water content is 10wt% ~ 15wt%, pulverizes and granulates, packaging warehouse-in;
The described preparation method topdressed is as follows:
Take the raw material topdressed according to above-mentioned weight part, mix, granulate.
2. the application process of garlic dedicated fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, apply fertilizer 3 times altogether, concrete method of application is as follows:
(1) apply fertilizer first: use base manure, use before sowing, amount of application is 200kg/ mu;
(2) secondary fertilising: when garlic bolt grows to 15-25cm height, use and topdress, amount of application is 30kg/ mu;
(3) three fertilisings: bulb expanding stage, again use and topdress, amount of application is 40kg/ mu.
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| CN104396473A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2015-03-11 | 安徽省舒城县舒丰现代农业科技开发有限责任公司 | White garlic planting method |
| CN104478552B (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2017-01-11 | 砀山县沃福农业发展有限公司 | Garlic special-purpose organic inorganic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108324607A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-07-27 | 磐安县派普特生物科技有限公司 | The method that Substance is extracted from plant |
| CN109699435A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-05-03 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Intensive garlic producing region nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source prevention and control ecological matrix and production method |
| CN111892448A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-06 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Garlic fertilizer and application method thereof |
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