CN103975812A - Full-crown transplantation and growing method for waxberry trees - Google Patents
Full-crown transplantation and growing method for waxberry trees Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a full-crown transplantation and growing method for waxberry trees, which transplants and grows waxberry trees in autumn or spring and includes root cutting, digging, transportation, transplantation, nursing, root promotion and nematode control. When the full-crown transplantation and growing method is utilized to carry out full-crown transplantation for waxberry trees, each detail of waxberry tree transplantation is safeguarded by corresponding methods and measures, consequently, the growing period is effectively shortened, and moreover, the survival rate of transplantation is ensured. The survival rate of the waxberry trees grown with the full-crown transplantation and growing method reaches 95 percent, and the growing period of the waxberry trees is shortened from two years to half a year.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to garden landscape trees transplanting breeding technical field, particularly the complete crown transplanting breeding method of the large tree of a kind of red bayberry.
Background technology
In recent years, fast, the sick worm of shaping is few, management is easy and ornamental value advantages of higher because having for the large tree of red bayberry, is elected as afforestation and the conventional seeds of courtyard greening by landscape engineering department, is also appointed as ecological afforestation by many forest parks and views and admires with seeds, therefore, red bayberry big tree transplanting is increasing.But hinder while causing excavating greatly because of tree height when red bayberry big tree transplanting, root is too much, the soil is porous beats the problems such as native ball difficulty, often affects survival rate.At present, for the survival rate that ensures that red bayberry big tree transplanting is cultivated, generally first the large tree of red bayberry is carried out after cutting back is deleted the branches and leaves of cutting 50% left and right transplanting, to guarantee root system and branch, shoot and leaf growth balance.But so, will affect tree-like, tree crown and the cultivation cycle of red bayberry.After the branches and leaves of cutting back heavy pruning 50% left and right, transplant, its cultivation period generally arrived two-and-a-half years in 2 years, cause the cultivation cost of the large tree of red bayberry improve and need to bear the larger market risk, and there is larger difference in the branches and leaves that again grow and original branches and leaves, the tree crown entirety visual effect forming is bad, has reduced its ornamental value.Therefore, research and develop and aly ensureing that red bayberry big tree transplanting cultivates on the basis of survival rate, realizing complete crown, to carry out transplant forwarding method be research purpose of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The invention reside in the complete crown transplanting breeding of the large tree of a kind of red bayberry method is provided, the large tree of red bayberry is carried out to complete crown transplanting, effectively shorten cultivation period and ensure the survival rate of transplanting.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A complete crown transplanting breeding method for the large tree of red bayberry, in the fall or the time in spring carry out the cultivation of red bayberry transplanting big tree, comprise be completely cured, digging, transport, plant, maintenance, short root and nematodosis administers;
Described being completely cured: stay native ball according to the leading thread size of tree, soil bulb diameter be set greatly leading thread 2-4 doubly, soil ball height be set greatly leading thread 1.5-3 doubly, before red bayberry big tree transplanting 30-40 days time, excavate the circular groove of 10-20cm width along the edge of reserved native ball and be completely cured, the degree of depth of circular groove is higher than the height of native ball; While being completely cured, note retaining main root, can not damage main root, the place's of being completely cured otch is carried out equating and sprays corresponding mulch solution, then in described circular groove, insert the rich soil after improvement;
Described digging: peripheral 60-80cm starts from circular groove, slowly digs to trunk direction, blocks main root, and main root is carried out spraying corresponding mulch solution after equating; Then adopt shading screen to be coated native ball, and the steel wire that on coated in the periphery of native ball that is surrounded by shading screen, aperture is 8-12cm is fixed;
Described transport: the large tree of red bayberry must be transported at once after digging, ensures in 12 hours, to plant after nursery stock digging, adopts black shading screen shade and keep out the wind in transportation;
Described planting:
(1) adopt machine brick to lay on the ground in advance one deck water-permeable and air permeable layer, be enclosed to form the cylindric kind of plant hole that diameter is greater than native ball 50-80cm, highly unearthed ball 50-70cm taking described water-permeable and air permeable layer as basic employing machine brick;
(2) be added into toward planting in plant hole basic unit's soil that 40-50cm is thick, the topsoil that described basic unit soil content is 40-50%, then red bayberry is set up and hung greatly, be placed in the plant pit digging, between native ball and cave wall, fill the paramount unearthed ball 7-10cm of the soil place completely improveing, carry out the pouring of normal root water, until irrigate;
Described maintenance: adopt immediately waterproof film cover whole kind of plant hole and described impermeable layer is tightened on trunk after normal root water irrigating; After planting, in 40-60 days, tree crown is squirted to maintenance, every day 5-6 time, every 10-15 days uses foliage fertilizer one time; Described maintenance and the foliage fertilizer of squirting used and all adopted atomizer to spray toward tree crown portion from tree crown top;
Described short root: plant after 40-60 days in the large tree of red bayberry, down dig out the short root ditch of one width 10-15cm, degree of depth 25-35cm along the edge of described cylindric kind of plant hole, enter mushroom soil toward the interior backfill of described short root ditch, and be also covered with the mushroom soil of one deck 2-5cm on the surface of planting soil;
Described nematodosis is administered: on the soil in kind of plant hole, be evenly drilled with the through hole that multiple apertures of leading to native ball are 2-3cm, adopt Avermectin and clear water in: the ratio of 1:1500-2000 is diluted rear filling in described multiple through holes.
Described mulch solution is to be formed by the configuration of following weight ratio by following material: 500 parts of No. 1 2-4 parts of root power, No. 2 2-4 parts of root power, fenaminosulf solution 1-2 part, water.
In described maintenance processes, every 10-15 days uses foliage fertilizer one time, and described foliage fertilizer is to dilute configuration by potassium dihydrogen phosphate and clear water in the ratio of 1:450-550 to form.
Described mushroom soil is to carry out by cow dung, straw and topsoil the dregs producing after agaricus bisporus is produced.
Of the present invention producing effect is:
(1) in the time that nursery stock rises before red bayberry big tree transplanting 30-40 days, it is completely cured, main root is not damaged, the place's of being completely cured otch is carried out equating and sprays corresponding mulch solution,, in the process in order to reduce transplanting, the root of the large tree of red bayberry is caused to too large injury, then toward the rich soil of inserting after improvement in described circular groove, red bayberry is urged to root, after transplanting, go out root ability to improve;
(2) in the time of nursery stock digging, just block main root, and main root is carried out spraying corresponding mulch solution after equating, adopt shading screen to be coated native ball, and the steel wire that on coated in the periphery of native ball that is surrounded by shading screen, aperture is 8-12cm is fixed; Guarantee the steadiness of native ball with stricter native ball fixed form, ensure that the situation that native ball is loosening, destroy does not appear in transport, the process of planting;
(3) after red bayberry is set up greatly and digs, its root system and branch, shoot and leaf growth cannot balances, after digging, transport at once, after nursery stock digging, in 12 hours, plant, in transportation, adopt black shading screen shade and keep out the wind, effectively reduce moisture content and run off, improve the survival rate after transplanted seedling tree;
(4) adopt machine brick to lay on the ground in advance one deck water-permeable and air permeable layer, be enclosed to form cylindric kind of plant hole taking described water-permeable and air permeable layer as basic employing machine brick, in kind plant hole, be added into the topsoil that the thick husky amount of 40-50cm is 40-50% again, ensure red bayberry large tree plant after its root can, growing in permeable, ventilative environment preferably, be conducive to recovery, the growth of the large usage tree root of red bayberry;
(5) in maintenance processes, adopt waterproof film cover whole kind of plant hole and described impermeable layer is tightened on trunk, ensure that the water in tree crown moisturizing process can not flow in kind of plant hole, keep soil moisture content in kind of plant hole in state comparatively stably, squirting maintenance and foliage fertilizer application all adopts atomizer to spray toward tree crown portion from tree crown top, water, foliage fertilizer are all directly scattered in above leaf, cut the waste, and effectively improve the availability of tree crown to water and foliage fertilizer;
(6) down dig short root ditch along the edge of described cylindric kind of plant hole, enter mushroom soil toward the interior backfill of described short root ditch, and be also covered with one deck mushroom soil on the surface of planting soil, mushroom soil is to carry out by cow dung, straw and topsoil the dregs producing after agaricus bisporus is produced, its fertilizer nutrient and abundant, can effectively urge root to the large tree of red bayberry, and increase the gas permeability of soil, further improve survival rate and the growth rate of the large tree of red bayberry;
(7) on the soil in kind of plant hole, be evenly drilled with the through hole that multiple apertures of leading to native ball are, adopt Avermectin and clear water to dilute rear filling in described multiple through holes, both played the object of killing nematode, and described multiple through hole that leads to native ball can play good air permeable effect, promote root growth, radicula is covered with in whole through hole.
Embodiment
For the ease of it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that by the following examples, the present invention is described in further detail, but the present invention is not limited only to this.
Embodiment mono-:
In the fall (5-November 9 November) carry out the large tree transfer of red bayberry and cultivate, transplanting nursery stock: the large tree of red bayberry, number: 78, the trees age: 20-30, trunk leading thread is 30-50cm, the primary mountain region of trees, transplant place: spring, gardens research and development centre nursery stock was cultivated base.Concrete transplanting breeding step is as follows:
(1) be completely cured: stay native ball according to the leading thread size of tree, soil bulb diameter be set greatly leading thread 2-4 doubly, soil ball height be set greatly leading thread 1.5-3 doubly, in the time of first 30 days of red bayberry big tree transplanting, excavate the circular groove of 10-20cm width along the edge of reserved native ball and be completely cured, the degree of depth of circular groove is higher than the height of native ball; While being completely cured, note retaining main root, can not damage main root, the place's of being completely cured otch is carried out equating and sprays corresponding mulch solution, then in described circular groove, insert the rich soil after improvement, described mulch solution is to be formed by 3 parts of No. 2,3 parts of No. 1, root power, root power, 1.5 parts of fenaminosulf solution, 500 parts of configurations of water;
(2) digging: peripheral 60-80cm starts from circular groove, slowly digs to trunk direction, blocks main root, and main root is carried out spraying corresponding mulch solution after equating; Then adopt shading screen to be coated native ball, and the steel wire that on coated in the periphery of native ball that is surrounded by shading screen, aperture is 10cm is fixed;
(3) transport: the large tree of red bayberry is transported at once after digging, plants after nursery stock digging in 6-10 hour, adopts black shading screen shade and keep out the wind in transportation;
(4) plant:
Employing machine brick is laid one deck water-permeable and air permeable layer in advance on the ground, is enclosed to form the cylindric kind of plant hole that diameter is greater than native ball 50-80cm, highly unearthed ball 50-70cm taking described water-permeable and air permeable layer as basic employing machine brick;
Be added into toward planting in plant hole basic unit's soil that 40-50cm is thick, the topsoil that described basic unit soil content is 40-50%, then red bayberry is set up and hung greatly, be placed in the plant pit digging, between native ball and cave wall, fill the paramount unearthed ball 7-10cm of the soil place completely improveing, carry out the pouring of normal root water, until irrigate;
(5) described maintenance: adopt immediately waterproof film cover whole kind of plant hole and described impermeable layer is tightened on trunk after normal root water irrigating; After planting, in 50 days, tree crown is squirted to maintenance, every day, 5-6 time, used one time foliage fertilizer for every 12 days, and described foliage fertilizer is to dilute configuration by potassium dihydrogen phosphate and clear water in the ratio of 1:500 to form; Described maintenance and the foliage fertilizer of squirting used and all adopted atomizer to spray toward tree crown portion from tree crown top;
(6) short root: plant after 50 days in the large tree of red bayberry, down dig out the short root ditch of one width 10-15cm, degree of depth 25-35cm along the edge of described cylindric kind of plant hole, enter mushroom soil toward the interior backfill of described short root ditch, and being also covered with the mushroom soil of one deck 4-5cm on the surface of planting soil, described mushroom soil is to carry out by cow dung, straw and topsoil the dregs producing after agaricus bisporus is produced;
(7) nematodosis is administered: on the soil in kind of plant hole, be evenly drilled with multiple through holes that lead to native ball, adopt Avermectin and clear water in: the ratio of 1:1700 is diluted rear filling in described multiple through holes.If discovery nematodiasis, trees start to wither from treetop, and the red bayberry of transplanting from mountain at present all has this illness, so this step is the steps necessary of transplanting plantation red bayberry.
Transplant checks after 3 months that trees survive situation, and 78 of co-transplantations have 72 to find new root young leaves, withered dead 4, though 2 sprout a small amount of bud and leaf, there are no new root, become the false state of living.
Embodiment bis-:
Carry out the large tree transfer of red bayberry in spring (15-April 17 April) and cultivate, transplanting nursery stock: the large tree of red bayberry, number: 100, the trees age: 15-25, trunk leading thread is 25-40cm, the primary mountain region of trees, transplant place: spring, gardens research and development centre nursery stock was cultivated base.Concrete transplanting breeding step is as follows:
(1) be completely cured: stay native ball according to the leading thread size of tree, soil bulb diameter be set greatly leading thread 2-4 doubly, soil ball height be set greatly leading thread 1.5-3 doubly, in the time of first 40 days of red bayberry big tree transplanting, excavate the circular groove of 10-20cm width along the edge of reserved native ball and be completely cured, the degree of depth of circular groove is higher than the height of native ball; While being completely cured, note retaining main root, can not damage main root, the place's of being completely cured otch is carried out equating and sprays corresponding mulch solution, then in described circular groove, insert the rich soil after improvement, described mulch solution is to be formed by 4 parts of No. 2,4 parts of No. 1, root power, root power, 2 parts of fenaminosulf solution, 500 parts of configurations of water;
(2) digging: peripheral 60-80cm starts from circular groove, slowly digs to trunk direction, blocks main root, and main root is carried out spraying corresponding mulch solution after equating; Then adopt shading screen to be coated native ball, and the steel wire that on coated in the periphery of native ball that is surrounded by shading screen, aperture is 12cm is fixed;
(3) transport: the large tree of red bayberry must be transported at once after digging, plants after nursery stock digging in 6-10 hour, adopts black shading screen shade and keep out the wind in transportation;
(4) plant:
Employing machine brick is laid one deck water-permeable and air permeable layer in advance on the ground, is enclosed to form the cylindric kind of plant hole that diameter is greater than native ball 50-80cm, highly unearthed ball 50-70cm taking described water-permeable and air permeable layer as basic employing machine brick;
Be added into toward planting in plant hole basic unit's soil that 40-50cm is thick, the topsoil that described basic unit soil content is 40-50%, then red bayberry is set up and hung greatly, be placed in the plant pit digging, between native ball and cave wall, fill the paramount unearthed ball 7-10cm of the soil place completely improveing, carry out the pouring of normal root water, until irrigate;
(5) described maintenance: adopt immediately waterproof film cover whole kind of plant hole and described impermeable layer is tightened on trunk after normal root water irrigating; After planting, in 50 days, tree crown is squirted to maintenance, every day, 5-6 time, used one time foliage fertilizer for every 10 days, and described foliage fertilizer is to dilute configuration by potassium dihydrogen phosphate and clear water in the ratio of 1:450 to form; Described maintenance and the foliage fertilizer of squirting used and all adopted atomizer to spray toward tree crown portion from tree crown top;
(6) short root: plant after 50 days in the large tree of red bayberry, down dig out the short root ditch of one width 10-15cm, degree of depth 25-35cm along the edge of described cylindric kind of plant hole, enter mushroom soil toward the interior backfill of described short root ditch, and being also covered with the mushroom soil of one deck 3-5cm on the surface of planting soil, described mushroom soil is to carry out by cow dung, straw and topsoil the dregs producing after agaricus bisporus is produced;
(7) nematodosis is administered: on the soil in kind of plant hole, be evenly drilled with multiple through holes that lead to native ball, adopt Avermectin and clear water in: the ratio of 1:1500 is diluted rear filling in described multiple through holes.
Transplant checks after 3 months that trees survive situation, and 100 of co-transplantations have 91 to find new root young leaves, withered dead 7, though 2 sprout a small amount of bud and leaf, there are no new root, become the false state of living.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations of doing according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a complete crown transplanting breeding method for the large tree of red bayberry, in the fall or the time in spring carry out the cultivation of red bayberry transplanting big tree, comprise be completely cured, digging, transport, plant, maintenance, short root and nematodosis administers; It is characterized in that:
Described being completely cured: stay native ball according to the leading thread size of tree, soil bulb diameter be set greatly leading thread 2-4 doubly, soil ball height be set greatly leading thread 1.5-3 doubly, before red bayberry big tree transplanting 30-40 days time, excavate the circular groove of 10-20cm width along the edge of reserved native ball and be completely cured, the degree of depth of circular groove is higher than the height of native ball; While being completely cured, note retaining main root, can not damage main root, the place's of being completely cured otch is carried out equating and sprays corresponding mulch solution, then in described circular groove, insert the rich soil after improvement;
Described digging: peripheral 60-80cm starts from circular groove, slowly digs to trunk direction, blocks main root, and main root is carried out spraying corresponding mulch solution after equating; Then adopt shading screen to be coated native ball, and the steel wire that on coated in the periphery of native ball that is surrounded by shading screen, aperture is 8-12cm is fixed;
Described transport: the large tree of red bayberry must be transported at once after digging, ensures in 12 hours, to plant after nursery stock digging, adopts black shading screen shade and keep out the wind in transportation;
Described planting:
Employing machine brick is laid one deck water-permeable and air permeable layer in advance on the ground, is enclosed to form the cylindric kind of plant hole that diameter is greater than native ball 50-80cm, highly unearthed ball 50-70cm taking described water-permeable and air permeable layer as basic employing machine brick;
Be added into toward planting in plant hole basic unit's soil that 40-50cm is thick, the topsoil that described basic unit soil content is 40-50%, then red bayberry is set up and hung greatly, be placed in the plant pit digging, between native ball and cave wall, fill the paramount unearthed ball 7-10cm of the soil place completely improveing, carry out the pouring of normal root water, until irrigate;
Described maintenance: adopt immediately waterproof film cover whole kind of plant hole and described impermeable layer is tightened on trunk after normal root water irrigating; After planting, in 40-60 days, tree crown is squirted to maintenance, every day 5-6 time, every 10-15 days uses foliage fertilizer one time; Described maintenance and the foliage fertilizer of squirting used and all adopted atomizer to spray toward tree crown portion from tree crown top;
Described short root: plant after 40-60 days in the large tree of red bayberry, down dig out the short root ditch of one width 10-15cm, degree of depth 25-35cm along the edge of described cylindric kind of plant hole, enter mushroom soil toward the interior backfill of described short root ditch, and be also covered with the mushroom soil of one deck 2-5cm on the surface of planting soil;
Described nematodosis is administered: on the soil in kind of plant hole, be evenly drilled with the through hole that multiple apertures of leading to native ball are 2-3cm, adopt Avermectin and clear water in: the ratio of 1:1500-2000 is diluted rear filling in described multiple through holes.
2. the complete crown transplanting breeding method of the large tree of a kind of red bayberry according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described mulch solution is to be formed by the configuration of following weight ratio by following material: 500 parts of No. 1 2-4 parts of root power, No. 2 2-4 parts of root power, fenaminosulf solution 1-2 part, water.
3. the complete crown transplanting breeding method of the large tree of a kind of red bayberry according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described maintenance processes, every 10-15 days uses foliage fertilizer one time, and described foliage fertilizer is to dilute configuration by potassium dihydrogen phosphate and clear water in the ratio of 1:450-550 to form.
4. the complete crown transplanting breeding method of the large tree of a kind of red bayberry according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described mushroom soil is to carry out by cow dung, straw and topsoil the dregs producing after agaricus bisporus is produced.
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| CN104255391A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-01-07 | 张家港市山牧新材料技术开发有限公司 | Planting technology for increasing survival rate of transplanting of greening trees |
| CN104396602A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-03-11 | 成都苗夫现代苗木科技有限公司 | Modeling method of waxberry landscape tree |
| CN104604623A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-05-13 | 云南浙兴林果种植有限公司 | On-year and off-year control method of myrica esculenta |
| CN104938217A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-09-30 | 象州县科学技术情报研究所 | Cultivation method of arbutus conserving rock desertification mountain land |
| CN104956931A (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2015-10-07 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Method for producing red and white waxberry fruits |
| CN105123408A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-09 | 福建省春天园林工程有限公司 | Convenient megaphanerophyte transplanting method |
| CN105165439A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-12-23 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Pruning method for dwarfing waxberry tree form |
| CN105230440A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2016-01-13 | 福建省春天园林工程有限公司 | Arbor transplanting method reducing crown recovery period |
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| CN107182709A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-09-22 | 合肥申沃园艺有限公司 | A kind of high-survival rate aiphyllium complete crown implantation method |
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| CN109089821A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-12-28 | 湖北广源农业科技有限公司 | Transplanting and management method that nursery stock is disease-free |
| CN110972876A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-10 | 厦门市鼓浪屿园艺建筑有限公司 | Arbor full-crown transplanting method |
| CN111357602A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-07-03 | 福建省春天生态科技股份有限公司 | Segmented full crown transplanting method for sequoia |
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| CN104255391A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-01-07 | 张家港市山牧新材料技术开发有限公司 | Planting technology for increasing survival rate of transplanting of greening trees |
| CN104396602A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-03-11 | 成都苗夫现代苗木科技有限公司 | Modeling method of waxberry landscape tree |
| CN104604623A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-05-13 | 云南浙兴林果种植有限公司 | On-year and off-year control method of myrica esculenta |
| CN104938217A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-09-30 | 象州县科学技术情报研究所 | Cultivation method of arbutus conserving rock desertification mountain land |
| CN104956931A (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2015-10-07 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Method for producing red and white waxberry fruits |
| CN105165439A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-12-23 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Pruning method for dwarfing waxberry tree form |
| CN105230440B (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2019-12-27 | 福建省春天生态科技股份有限公司 | Arbor transplanting method for shortening crown recovery period |
| CN105123408A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-09 | 福建省春天园林工程有限公司 | Convenient megaphanerophyte transplanting method |
| CN105230440A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2016-01-13 | 福建省春天园林工程有限公司 | Arbor transplanting method reducing crown recovery period |
| CN106665255A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-05-17 | 南宁市园林科研所 | Almond ground seedling full-crown transplanting method |
| CN107047230A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-08-18 | 浙江天泰园林建设有限公司 | A kind of integral transplanting method of ancient and well-known trees |
| CN107182709A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-09-22 | 合肥申沃园艺有限公司 | A kind of high-survival rate aiphyllium complete crown implantation method |
| CN107371708A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-11-24 | 绥江县农业技术推广中心 | A kind of hillside fields is laid bricks the method that poly- soil cultivates apple trees |
| CN109089821A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-12-28 | 湖北广源农业科技有限公司 | Transplanting and management method that nursery stock is disease-free |
| CN110972876A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-10 | 厦门市鼓浪屿园艺建筑有限公司 | Arbor full-crown transplanting method |
| CN110972876B (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-11-23 | 厦门市鼓浪屿园艺建筑有限公司 | Arbor full-crown transplanting method |
| CN111357602A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-07-03 | 福建省春天生态科技股份有限公司 | Segmented full crown transplanting method for sequoia |
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