CN111357602A

CN111357602A - Segmented full crown transplanting method for sequoia

Info

Publication number: CN111357602A
Application number: CN202010211381.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄土奋; 赖建平; 黄瑞崑; 潘文江; 詹晓琳; 林思慧
Original assignee: Fujian Spring Ecological Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Fujian Spring Ecological Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-24
Filing date: 2020-03-24
Publication date: 2020-07-03

Abstract

The invention provides a segmented full-crown transplanting method for sequoia oleifera, which comprises the steps of cutting off roots by stages, coating the positions, 10-12 cm away from the root cutting surface, of the root cutting positions with a root controller, and filling culture soil prepared by mixing and stirring 40-50% of original soil, 15-20% of coconut shells, 10-15% of pine barks and 15-20% of black carbon soil for multiple planting and rooting, so that the original form of the sequoia oleifera is kept and the survival rate of the sequoia oleifera is improved to 90% when the sequoia oleifera is planted in full crowns.

Description

Segmented full crown transplanting method for sequoia

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of seedling transplantation, in particular to a segmented full-crown transplanting method for sequoia oleifera.

Background

The oil fir can be said to be a mental symbol of Chinese people, is deeply admired and respected by vast Chinese people, and the pine always represents the quality and the operation of one person. The oil fir is mainly distributed in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi, Yunnan and Zhejiang, belongs to evergreen trees, has the height of 30 meters and the diameter at breast height of more than 1 meter, has a tower-shaped or cylindrical crown, is attractive in tree shape, is easy to form a thinning grassland, and plays an important role in improving the climate, improving the soil, keeping the water and soil and the like; the green plant prepared by the sequoia fir has the characteristics of strict and spectacular greening effect, pruning resistance and the like, and is an excellent hedge material.

Because the growing environment of the sequoia is a hillside of a hilly land and is a deep root crop, the main root of the sequoia is only 2-3, and under the condition of transplanting and breaking the main root, the injury to the nursery stock is large, and the transplanting survival rate is low easily; the survival rate of the crown-beating transplantation is only 40-50%, and the recovery period of 80% of the crown-beating hemlock fir is 4-5 years. The seedling transplanting by transplanting the seedlings by making the branches and leaves of most branches and leaves of the seedlings thinner and then transplanting the seedlings after thinning the leaves on the premise of not keeping the original tree shape can effectively reduce the water consumed by photosynthesis, volatilization and the like of the branches and leaves, thereby slowing down the water supply and demand relationship of the seedlings, but the seedlings are required to grow new branches and leaves through a certain recovery period, which is not suitable for the oil fir with a longer recovery period. Therefore, the whole-crown transplantation of all branches and most leaves is the most suitable planting mode for transplanting seedlings such as hemlock fir, but the water supply and demand relationship of the seedling with root cut becomes a high difficulty problem during transplantation. The invention aims to research a transplanting method for effectively improving the survival rate of the firtree in planting on the premise of full transplantation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a segmented full-crown transplanting method for sequoia oleifera, which can effectively improve the transplanting survival rate of the sequoia oleifera and adopts full-crown planting capable of keeping the original form of the sequoia oleifera during transplanting.

A segmented full-crown transplanting method for sequoia sinensis comprises the following steps of root cutting, digging, loading, transplanting and maintaining, wherein the root cutting comprises the following specific steps:

(1) root cutting conditions: reserving soil balls according to the diameter of the hemlock of the oil fir, wherein the diameter of the soil balls is 2-3 times of the diameter of the hemlock of the oil fir;

(2) cutting roots once, namely cutting roots of 60-65% of reserved soil balls of the hemlock and excavating soil ditches outwards, wherein the soil ditches are × wide and 60cm × 100 cm-65 cm × 105cm deep;

(3) and (3) one-time multiple planting: covering the root cutting part by using a root controller, reserving a gap of 10-12 cm between the root controller and the root cutting surface, filling culture soil into the gap, and irrigating root fixing water, wherein the culture soil is prepared by mixing and stirring 40-50% of original soil, 15-20% of coconut shells, 10-15% of pine barks and 15-20% of black carbon soil;

(4) secondary root cutting: after one year, root breaking is carried out on the remaining 35-40% of uncut root parts of the reserved soil balls of the oil fir according to the treatment mode in the step (2);

(5) and (3) secondary multiple planting: and (4) coating the secondary root-cutting part by using a root controller according to the treatment mode of the step (3), filling culture soil with the same proportion, irrigating to fix roots, culturing in water for one month to 2 months, and excavating for sale.

The treatment time of the broken roots is three seasons of spring, autumn and winter, 30-35 cm of soil outside the roots needs to be irrigated one week before the roots are broken each time, and the irrigation water amount is controlled to be 5L each time.

And (3) vertically excavating downwards along the outer edge of the reserved soil ball in the step (2) to cut off the roots on the two opposite sides of the reserved soil ball, wherein the cutting ranges of the roots on the two opposite sides are consistent and the total amount of the cutting ranges occupies 60-65% of the reserved soil ball of the oil fir.

And (3) uniformly spraying a sterilization root-promoting liquid medicine on the surface of the soil ball at the root cutting position for the primary root cutting in the step (2) and the secondary root cutting in the step (4).

After the operation of spraying the sterilization root-promoting liquid medicine, 20000-25000 ml of nutrient solution needs to be hung on the trunk with the height of less than 50cm from the ground.

The nutrient solution is hung in a mode of symmetrically dividing into a plurality of bags according to the diameter at breast height of the fir.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the method adopts a transplanting mode of staged root cutting, firstly, 60-65% of roots of the hemlock reserved soil balls on two opposite sides are cut off, 35-40% of absorbed roots of the hemlock reserved soil balls are reserved for the continuous planting of the hemlock in the original soil, and the requirements of normal growth and water absorption of the hemlock are met; 60-65% of the cut hemlock reserved soil balls, and after the roots on two opposite sides are sprayed with a sterilization root-promoting liquid medicine in time, the roots are wrapped and isolated by a root controller, culture soil prepared by mixing and stirring 40-50% of original soil, 15-20% of coconut shells, 10-15% of pine barks and 15-20% of black carbon soil is filled in gaps of 10-12 cm for planting, so that the root-cut parts continue to grow or grow new roots, and the new roots are all controlled in the transplanted soil balls, thereby avoiding the re-fracture of the roots after transplantation. 60-65% of the pre-reserved soil balls of the firstly cut hemlock pine, and a large number of new roots grown from the roots on two opposite sides in one year can be enough to ensure that the hemlock pine nursery stocks have enough, complete and undamaged root systems in the new planting holes for absorbing water to ensure the water supply and demand relationship of the full-crown nursery stocks, so that the survival rate of transplanting can be remarkably improved on the premise of full-crown transplanting of the nursery stock shape, and the survival rate reaches more than 90%; and such transplantation mode can obviously reduce soil ball size, effectively solves the inconvenience that the work was brought to great soil ball in the actual transplantation work.

(2) The vegetation such as the hemlock pine and the like forms symbiosis with root fungi due to self growth factors, and acid substances can be secreted by symbiotic bacteria to be used for dissolving rocks and the like to provide nutrients for the vegetation. 60-65% of original soil is reserved to ensure that enough symbiotic bacteria are reserved and survive, and the symbiotic bacteria are used for good root promoting effect of the firs; the combination of 15-20% of coconut shells, 10-15% of pine barks and 15-20% of black carbon soil ensures the functions of ventilation, water permeation, moisture preservation and heat transfer during vegetation planting, and can provide corresponding nutrients for vegetation absorption, so that the effects of wound healing and histiocyte division are better promoted. The original soil, the coconut shells, the pine barks and the black carbon soil are matched in proportion, so that sufficient nutrient components and sufficient space are provided for the growth of the sequoia, the cut roots of the sequoia can be promoted to be generated rapidly and massively, and the cut roots are controlled in the root control device, so that sufficient and complete undamaged roots are guaranteed to be used for absorbing water to guarantee the water supply and demand relationship of the full-crown seedlings when the roots are cut off secondarily and transplanted, and the survival rate of the transplanting can be remarkably improved on the premise of full-crown transplanting of the seedling shapes.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention showing the root cutting at one time.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the secondary root cutting during planting according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a planting diagram of sequoia mucronata in nine-lake park in Zhangzhou city of Fujian province.

Fig. 4 is a planting diagram of sequoia yew in litchi sea park in Zhangzhou city of Fujian province.

Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: 1 parts of sequoia, 2 parts of soil balls, 3 parts of soil, 4 parts of soil ditches, 5 parts of root control devices and 6 parts of culture soil.

Detailed Description

(1) root cutting conditions: the root of the sequoia fir with the diameter at breast height of more than 60cm is cut off, and the soil ball needs to be kept 2-3 times of the diameter at breast height; the treatment time of the broken roots is three seasons of spring, autumn and winter, 30-35 cm of soil outside the roots needs to be irrigated one week before the roots are broken each time, and the irrigation water amount is controlled to be 5L each time;

(2) once root cutting: as shown in fig. 1, cutting off roots of 60% of roots on two opposite sides of the preserved soil balls of the sequoia, digging outwards, and digging soil ditches with the width of 60cm and the depth of 100 cm; after the sterilization root-promoting liquid medicine is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the soil ball at the root cutting position, 20000ml of nutrient solution is hung on the trunk which is 50cm away from the ground, and the nutrient solution is hung in a two-bag symmetrical mode according to the diameter of the fir breast height;

(3) and (3) one-time multiple planting: covering the root-broken part at a position 10cm away from the soil ball by using a root controller, filling culture soil prepared by mixing and stirring 40-50% of original soil, 15-20% of coconut shells, 10-15% of pine barks and 15-20% of black carbon soil in gaps, and irrigating root fixing water;

(4) secondary root cutting: as shown in fig. 2, after one year, root breaking is carried out on the remaining 40% of the uncut root parts of the soil balls reserved in the oil fir according to the processing mode of the step (2);

According to the invention, the oil fir transplantation is applied to oil fir transplantation in nine lake parks (shown in figure 3) and litchi sea parks (shown in figure 4) in Zhangzhou city in Fujian province through the best implementation mode, and the subsequent transplantation condition is recorded, so that the survival rate of the oil fir reaches 90 percent, and is nearly doubled compared with the survival rate of the traditional transplantation mode.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure are clearly and completely described, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A segmented full crown transplanting method for sequoia firs comprises root cutting, digging, loading, transplanting and maintaining, and is characterized in that: the root breaking comprises the following specific steps:

2. The method for transplanting the sequoia sempervirens in the whole crown by the sectional type according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the treatment time of the broken roots is three seasons of spring, autumn and winter, 30-35 cm of soil outside the roots needs to be irrigated one week before the roots are broken each time, and the irrigation water amount is controlled to be 5L each time.

3. The method for transplanting the sequoia sempervirens in the whole crown by the sectional type according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) vertically excavating downwards along the outer edge of the reserved soil ball in the step (2) to cut off the roots on the two opposite sides of the reserved soil ball, wherein the cutting ranges of the roots on the two opposite sides are consistent and the total amount of the cutting ranges occupies 60-65% of the reserved soil ball of the oil fir.

4. The method for transplanting the sequoia sempervirens in the whole crown by the sectional type according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) uniformly spraying a sterilization root-promoting liquid medicine on the surface of the soil ball at the root cutting position for the primary root cutting in the step (2) and the secondary root cutting in the step (4).

5. The method for transplanting the sequoia sempervirens in the whole crown by the sectional type according to claim 4, wherein: after the operation of spraying the sterilization root-promoting liquid medicine, 20000-25000 ml of nutrient solution needs to be hung on the trunk with the height of less than 50cm from the ground.

6. The method for transplanting the sequoia sempervirens in the whole crown by the sectional type according to claim 5, wherein: the nutrient solution is hung in a mode of symmetrically dividing into a plurality of bags according to the diameter at breast height of the fir.