CN105165439A - Pruning method for dwarfing waxberry tree form - Google Patents
Pruning method for dwarfing waxberry tree form Download PDFInfo
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- CN105165439A CN105165439A CN201510451430.XA CN201510451430A CN105165439A CN 105165439 A CN105165439 A CN 105165439A CN 201510451430 A CN201510451430 A CN 201510451430A CN 105165439 A CN105165439 A CN 105165439A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The present invention provides a pruning method for dwarfing a waxberry tree form. The method comprises a first step of categorizing all branches of a waxberry tree into vertical branches, droopy branches, horizontal extension branches, upwards inclining branches, inner bore branches, crossing branches, overlapping branches, riding branches, dead branches and disease and pest broken branches; a second step of pruning 100% of the riding branches, the dead branches, the disease and pest broken branches, the crossing branches and the overlapping branches; a third step of pruning 80%-90% of the vertical branches; a fourth step of pruning 10%-70% of the upwards inclining branches; and a fifth step of pruning 10%-20% of the droopy branches, the horizontal extension branches and the inner bore branches. With adoption of the method, tree form dwarfing of waxberry trees is realized, a commodity rate and a yield per plant of the fruits are raised at the same time, and the yield of a unit area is thus raised.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant cultivation, belong to the method utilizing trimming method to downgrade red bayberry concretely.
Background technology
Red bayberry (MyricarubraSieb.etZucc) belongs to Myruca ceas (Myricaceae) Myrica(Myrica) (MyricaL.) plant, it is the precious fruit of special product of south China, also be good greening and Properties of Fire Prevention Trees, generally plant in south China mountain red soil and yellow earth soil property, cultivation optimum pH is between 4.5-5.5.At present, red bayberry is under natural suitable condition, and the tree-like height of strawberry tree is 5-8 rice, the width of tree crown is 4-5 rice, due to tree-like up to, the harvesting of this Waxberry fruit brings no small difficulty, in addition, cultivation is arranged for some, up to the tree-like cost adding cultivation.
This is necessary to provide a kind of new method to downgrade the tree-like of red bayberry, does not affect the output of the unit are of red bayberry simultaneously, improves quality and the commodity rate of Waxberry fruit simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency of conventional art, the invention provides a kind of method of pruning strawberry tree newly, it is tree-like that the method can downgrade red bayberry, reaches per unit area yield, Advantageous Effects that commodity rate all improves.The method comprises the steps: (1), first classify to branch, is divided into following a few class to all branches of strawberry tree: vertical branch, descending branch, flatly stretch branch, upper oblique branch, interior thorax branch, intersect branch, overlapping branch, branch of riding, deadwood, the residual branch of sick worm; (2) branch of riding of 100%, deadwood, the residual branch of sick worm, intersection branch, overlapping branch, is wiped out; (3) vertical branch of 80-90%, is wiped out; (4) the upper oblique branch of 10%-70%, is wiped out; (5), wipe out the overstocked descending branch of 10%-20%, put down and stretch branch, interior thorax branch.
Preferably, the upper oblique branch of 60%-70% is wiped out; Preferably, the upper oblique branch of 30%-50% is wiped out.
Preferably, the vertical branch of 80 or 90% is wiped out.
Preferably, the kind of described red bayberry is life in 12 years ' east chief ' strawberry tree.
Preferably, described vertical branch is raw in the middle part of tree crown, and growing way is vigorous, vertical growth, become 1 year above branch of life of the Zhi Jing≤1cm of 90 ± 10 ° with horizontal plane.
Preferably, described descending branch is raw in tree crown middle and lower part, sagging growth, become < 0 ° with horizontal plane and the branch of >-45 ° (here, angle is above the horizon 0-180 degree, and the angle below horizontal line is 0-180 degree).
Preferably, described flat branch of stretching is rawly to stretch all one's life in the middle part of tree crown, Chengs≤the branch of 0 ° Qie≤10 ° with Shui Ping Mian.
Preferably, described upper oblique branch is raw in tree crown middle and upper part, upwardly rawly to stretch, and becomes > 10 ° and the branch of < 80 ° with horizontal plane.
Preferably, described interior thorax branch is raw at inner canopy, the branch of the pumping on the major branch of all Zhi Jing≤1cm.
Preferably, described intersection branch is raw peripheral at tree crown, the branch intersected with another branch.
Preferably, described overlapping branch is raw peripheral at tree crown, branch equitant with another branch.
Preferably, described branch of riding is raw peripheral at tree crown, at the branch of another branch back pumping.
Preferably, described deadwood is all withered branches in tree crown; Preferably, the described residual branch of sick worm be in tree crown all because of disease, insect pest or nature, people be cause heavier, light, or the branch of any injury.
Figure of description:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the dissimilar branch of red bayberry in an embodiment of the invention.Wherein 10 is major branch, 20 is cella branch, 30 is vertical branch, 40 is upper oblique branch, 50 is branch all one's life, and 60 is descending branch, and horizontal line (or horizontal plane) 70 refers to and red bayberry parallel plane lines or face vegetatively in addition, according to this standard, carry out classifying and the amendment carried out in various degree to all main branch of red bayberry.
Beneficial effect
The invention provides a kind of new method, obtain best branch and prune ratio, effectively can control the dwarfing of strawberry tree and do sth. in advance result, increase the output (unit are) of red bayberry and improve quality and the commodity rate of red bayberry.
Describe in detail
Definition:
Vertical branch: raw in the middle part of tree crown, growing way is vigorous, vertical growth, becomes 1 year above branch of life of the Zhi Jing≤1cm of 90 ± 10 ° with horizontal plane.
Descending branch: raw in tree crown middle and lower part, sagging growth, becomes the branch of < 0 ° and >-45 ° with horizontal plane.
Flat stretch branch: and rawly to stretch all one's life in the middle part of tree crown, Cheng≤the branch of 0 ° Qie≤10 ° with Shui Ping Mian.
Upper oblique branch: raw in tree crown middle and upper part, upward raw stretching, extension, becomes > 10 ° and the branch of < 80 ° with horizontal plane.
Interior thorax branch: raw at inner canopy, all major branch (Zhi Jing≤1cm) branch of upper pumping.
Intersection branch: raw peripheral at tree crown, the branch intersected with another branch.
Overlapping branch: raw peripheral at tree crown, branch equitant with another branch.
To ride branch: raw peripheral at tree crown, at the branch of another branch back pumping.
Deadwood: all withered branches in tree crown.
The residual branch of sick worm: in tree crown all because of disease, insect pest or nature, people be cause heavier, light, or the branch of any injury.
Scope in the middle part of tree crown is: be instruct tree crown upper, middle and lower to divide relatively middle position.
The periphery of tree crown: refer to tree crown four ring Monday around position.
Inner canopy: refer to position relatively middle inside tree crown.
To stand ground harvesting rate; Refer to that the personnel station of harvesting just can realize the harvesting of Waxberry fruit on the ground, and do not need climbing trees or undertaken by instruments such as ladders, such parts achieve convenient harvesting, also ensure that the safety of personnel in addition.By embodiments of the present invention, the dwarfing of strawberry tree can be realized.
Embodiment
Examples of implementation 1: different trimming method to the output of the individual plant of red bayberry, quality, commodity rate, the impact of Dwarf Effect on Dwarf.
Experiment material
examination material kind is: life in 12 years ' east chief ' red bayberry.Wherein, check variety is ' east chief ' strawberry tree of 12 years raw self-sows.Height of tree crown is 4.8-5.1 rice, and tree crown width is 3.5-6.2 rice.
Experiment strawberry tree of the present invention is also life in 12 years ' east chief ' red bayberry, through the strawberry tree that method amendment of the present invention is downgraded, according to the amended strawberry tree of following distinct methods process (according to the pruning to wattles shown in Fig. 1, concrete modification mode and degree are shown in that each processes), each process (comprises impinging upon interior) in triplicate, output, the commodity rate of statistics individual plant; The substance of the fruit of unit are.Each processes parallel carrying out, and carries out simultaneously, carries out identical water and fertilizer management, allow their growing environment and condition be consistent as far as possible for amended strawberry tree and contrast.
Being calculated as follows of wherein dwarfing rate: (average heights of the average height-process trees of contrast trees) ÷ contrasts the average height of trees.
Concrete process is as follows:
First time process:
Process 1: only wipe out the branch of riding of 40%, deadwood, the residual branch of sick worm, intersection branch, overlapping branch;
Process 2: only wipe out the branch of riding of 60%, deadwood, the residual branch of sick worm, intersection branch, overlapping branch;
Process 3: only wipe out the branch of riding of 80%, deadwood, the residual branch of sick worm, intersection branch, overlapping branch;
Process 4: wipe out the branch of riding of 100%, deadwood, the residual branch of sick worm, intersection branch, overlapping branch;
In this process, the branch that only carries out riding, deadwood, the residual branch of sick worm, the wiping out of different proportion of branch, overlapping branch of intersecting, other branches remain unchanged, and do not carry out any pruning.
Result:
Table 1: difference ride branch, deadwood, the residual branch of sick worm, intersect branch, overlapping secateurs except the impact of ratio
Have upper table to find out, carry out process as above, substantially can not realize the dwarfing of strawberry tree, but relatively can improve the single plant yield of strawberry tree and average commodity rate, single fruit weight is also increased in addition.
Second time process:
Process 5: wipe out the branch of riding of 100%, deadwood, the residual branch of sick worm, intersection branch, overlapping branch; Wipe out the vertical branch of 20%.
Process 6: wipe out the branch of riding of 100%, deadwood, the residual branch of sick worm, intersection branch, overlapping branch; Wipe out the vertical branch of 40%.
Process 7: wipe out the branch of riding of 100%, deadwood, the residual branch of sick worm, intersection branch, overlapping branch; Wipe out the vertical branch of 60%.
Process 8: wipe out the branch of riding of 100%, deadwood, the residual branch of sick worm, intersection branch, overlapping branch; Wipe out the vertical branch of 80%.
Process 9: wipe out the branch of riding of 100%, deadwood, the residual branch of sick worm, intersection branch, overlapping branch; Wipe out the vertical branch of 90%.
In this process, only carry out the processing mode of the best in first time process, carry out wiping out of the vertical branch of different proportion simultaneously; Other branches remain unchanged.
Result:
Table 2: the subduction ratio of different vertical branch is on the impact of strawberry tree
As can be seen from above process, carry out the pruning of as above method, red bayberry fruit tree achieves dwarfing, and the output of individual plant and commodity rate are also improved simultaneously.Especially, when under the trim mode adopting process 8, strawberry tree is allowed to pluck with achieving whole stations, and single plant yield and commodity rate are improved, because single plant yield improves, due to tree-like dwarfing, the red bayberry output of unit are is also improved (concrete data slightly).By our comparative test, find that the output of the unit are of process 8 is 2-3 times of contrast strawberry tree unit are, and commodity rate improves greatly.
Third time process:
Process 10: wipe out the branch of riding of 100%, deadwood, the residual branch of sick worm, intersection branch, overlapping branch; Wipe out the vertical branch of 80%; Wipe out the upper oblique branch of 10%-20%.
Process 11: wipe out the branch of riding of 100%, deadwood, the residual branch of sick worm, intersection branch, overlapping branch; Wipe out the vertical branch of 80%; Wipe out the upper oblique branch of 30%-50%.
Process 12: wipe out the branch of riding of 100%, deadwood, the residual branch of sick worm, intersection branch, overlapping branch; Wipe out the vertical branch of 80%; Wipe out the upper oblique branch of 60%-70%.
Result:
Table 3: the subduction ratio of not the same oblique branch is on the impact of strawberry tree
As can be seen from above process, carry out the pruning of as above method, red bayberry fruit tree achieves dwarfing, and the output of individual plant and commodity rate are also improved simultaneously.Especially, when under the trim mode adopting process 10-12, allow strawberry tree pluck with achieving whole stations, and single plant yield and commodity rate relative comparison are improved.
4th process:
Process 13: wipe out the branch of riding of 100%, deadwood, the residual branch of sick worm, intersection branch, overlapping branch; Wipe out the vertical branch of 80%; Wipe out the upper oblique branch of 30%-50%; Wipe out the descending branch of 50%-60%, put down and stretch branch, interior thorax branch.
Process 14: wipe out the branch of riding of 100%, deadwood, the residual branch of sick worm, intersection branch, overlapping branch; Wipe out the vertical branch of 80%; Wipe out the upper oblique branch of 30%-50%; Wipe out the overstocked descending branch of 30%-40%, put down and stretch branch, interior thorax branch.
Process 15: wipe out the branch of riding of 100%, deadwood, the residual branch of sick worm, intersection branch, overlapping branch; Wipe out the vertical branch of 80%; Wipe out the upper oblique branch of 30%-50%; Wipe out the overstocked descending branch of 10%-20%, put down and stretch branch, interior thorax branch.
Process 16: wipe out the branch of riding of 100%, deadwood, the residual branch of sick worm, intersection branch, overlapping branch; Wipe out the vertical branch of 80%; Wipe out the upper oblique branch of 30%-50%; Retain the descending branch of 100%, put down and stretch branch, interior thorax branch.
Table 4: different descending branch, flat stretch branch, interior thorax branch subduction ratio on the impact of strawberry tree.
As can be seen from above process, carry out the pruning of as above method, all achieve red bayberry dwarfing fruit trees, the output of individual plant and commodity rate also remain on certain level simultaneously.Especially, when under the trim mode adopting process 13-16, allow strawberry tree pluck with achieving whole stations, and single plant yield and commodity rate relative comparison are improved.
In addition, thinking that the investigation of Waxberry fruit quality has been carried out in the best process of effect for often organizing in process, the results are shown in following table.
Table 5: each different disposal is on the impact of red bayberry quality.
As can be seen from the table above, by different alter modes, can improve the quality of Waxberry fruit, especially, process 11 and process 15 can improve the solid material of fruit.
Claims (5)
1. downgrade the trimming method that red bayberry is tree-like, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps:
(1), first branch is classified, following a few class is divided into all branches of strawberry tree: vertical branch, descending branch, flat stretch branch, upper oblique branch, interior thorax branch, intersect branch, overlapping branch, branch of riding, deadwood, the residual branch of sick worm;
(2) branch of riding of 100%, deadwood, the residual branch of sick worm, intersection branch, overlapping branch, is wiped out;
(3) vertical branch of 80-90%, is wiped out;
(4) the upper oblique branch of 10%-70%, is wiped out;
(5), wipe out 10%-20% descending branch, put down and stretch branch, interior thorax branch.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, wipes out the upper oblique branch of 60%-70%; Or wipe out the upper oblique branch of 30%-50%.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein, wipes out the vertical branch of 80 or 90%.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein, the kind of described red bayberry is life in 12 years ' east chief ' strawberry tree.
5. method according to claim 1, wherein, described vertical branch is raw in the middle part of tree crown, and growing way is vigorous, vertical growth, become 1 year above branch of life of the Zhi Jing≤1cm of 90 ± 10 ° with horizontal plane; Described descending branch is raw in tree crown middle and lower part, and sagging growth, become the branch of < 0 ° and >-45 ° with horizontal plane; Described flat branch of stretching is rawly to stretch all one's life in the middle part of tree crown, Chengs≤the branch of 0 ° Qie≤10 ° with Shui Ping Mian; Described upper oblique branch is raw in tree crown middle and upper part, upwardly rawly to stretch, and becomes > 10 ° and the branch of < 80 ° with horizontal plane; Described interior thorax branch is raw at inner canopy, the branch of the pumping on the major branch of all Zhi Jing≤1cm; Described intersection branch is raw peripheral at tree crown, the branch intersected with another branch; Described overlapping branch is raw peripheral at tree crown, branch equitant with another branch; Described branch of riding is raw peripheral at tree crown, at the branch of another branch back pumping; Described deadwood is all withered branches in tree crown; The described residual branch of sick worm be in tree crown all because of disease, insect pest or nature, people be cause heavier, light, or the branch of any injury.
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| CN201510451430.XA CN105165439B (en) | 2015-07-29 | 2015-07-29 | It is a kind of to downgrade the tree-like pruning method of red bayberry |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106489647A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-03-15 | 慈溪市林特技术推广中心 | Fructus Myricae rubrae branch prunes maintenance process |
| CN107593143A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2018-01-19 | 郑德剑 | Open form pruning method in a kind of wax-apple |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107593143A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2018-01-19 | 郑德剑 | Open form pruning method in a kind of wax-apple |
| CN106489647A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-03-15 | 慈溪市林特技术推广中心 | Fructus Myricae rubrae branch prunes maintenance process |
| CN106489647B (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2019-03-05 | 慈溪市林特技术推广中心 | Red bayberry branch trims maintenance process |
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