CN103957818A - 具有助剂材料施用特征的外科缝合装置 - Google Patents

具有助剂材料施用特征的外科缝合装置 Download PDF

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CN103957818A
CN103957818A CN201280057061.0A CN201280057061A CN103957818A CN 103957818 A CN103957818 A CN 103957818A CN 201280057061 A CN201280057061 A CN 201280057061A CN 103957818 A CN103957818 A CN 103957818A
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trigger shaft
biocompatible materials
storehouse
equipment according
cut
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CN103957818B (zh
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S·J·巴利克
C·P·布德罗克斯
M·D·霍尔科布
T·W·利特尔四世
M·C·米勒
C·J·沙伊布
B·W·史密斯
Y-L·王
D·F·小威尔森
E·A·雷哈德
K·R·莫迪
J·扎瓦特斯基
A·O·津格曼
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Ethicon Endo Surgery Inc
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/00491—Surgical glue applicators
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B17/07207—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/11—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for performing anastomosis; Buttons for anastomosis
    • A61B17/115—Staplers for performing anastomosis in a single operation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07271—Stapler heads characterised by its cartridge
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07285—Stapler heads characterised by its cutter
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B2017/320052—Guides for cutting instruments

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种外科器械，其包括柄部部分、容纳击发杆的轴、包括砧座、下钳口和响应于由所述柄部部分和轴产生的纵向闭合运动的缝合和切断组件的端部执行器。该下钳口能够接收可移除的仓。该仓包括外壳、设置在该外壳中的多个钉、和设置在多个钉之上的平台。该平台限定孔，其中每个孔基本上设置在每个钉之上。该仓还包含试剂。当击发杆前进时，该击发杆能够操作以帮助试剂释放到组织的切断线上。

Description

具有助剂材料施用特征的外科缝合装置
背景技术
在一些环境下，内窥镜式外科器械可优于传统的开放式外科装置，因为较小的切口可减少术后恢复时间和并发症。因此，一些内窥镜式外科器械可适于将远侧端部执行器经过套管针的插管放置在期望手术部位处。这些远侧端部执行器(例如，直线切割器、抓紧器、切割器、缝合器、施夹器、进入装置、药物/基因治疗递送装置、以及使用超声、射频、激光等的能量递送装置)可以多种方式啮合组织，以达到诊断或治疗的效果。内窥镜式外科器械可包括轴，所述轴位于端部执行器与由临床医生操纵的柄部部分之间。此轴可允许插入到期望深度并围绕轴的纵向轴线旋转，由此有利于将端部执行器定位在患者体内。还可通过包含一个或多个关节运动接头或特征而进一步有利于端部执行器的定位，从而使得端部执行器能够选择性地进行关节运动，或者以其它方式相对于轴的纵向轴线偏转。
内窥镜式外科器械的例子包括外科缝合器。一些此类缝合器能够操作以夹紧在组织层上，切穿被夹紧的组织层，并驱动钉经过组织层，以在组织层的被切断的端部附近将切断的组织层基本上密封在一起。仅将示例性的外科缝合器公开于；1989年2月21日公布的名称为“Pocket Configuration forInternal Organ Staplers,”的美国专利4,805,823；1995年5月16日公布的名称为“Surgical Stapler and Staple Cartridge,”的美国专利5,415,334；1995年11月14日公布的名称为“Surgical Stapler Instrument,”的美国专利5,465,895；1997年1月28日公布的名称为“Surgical Stapler Instrument,”的美国专利5,597,107；1997年5月27日公布的名称为“Surgical Instrument,”的美国专利5,632,432；1997年10月7日公布的名称为“SurgicalInstrument,”的美国专利5,673,840；1998年1月6日公布的名称为“Articulation Assembly for Surgical Instruments,”的美国专利5,704,534；1998年9月29日公布的名称为“Surgical Clamping Mechanism,”的美国专利5,814,055；2005年11月15日公布的名称为“Surgical Stapling Instrumenthaving Articulation Joint Support Plates for Supporting a Firing Bar,”的美国专利6,964,363；2005年12月27日公布的名称为“Surgical Stapling InstrumentIncorporating an E-Beam Firing Mechanism,”的美国专利6,978,921；2006年1月24日公布的名称为“Surgical Stapling Instrument Having a Spent CartridgeLockout,”的美国专利6,988,649；2006年2月21日公布的名称为“SurgicalStapling Instrument Having Separate Distinct Closing and Firing Systems,”的美国专利7,000,818；2006年9月26日公布的名称为“Surgical InstrumentIncorporating an Articulation Mechanism having Rotation about the LongitudinalAxis,”的美国专利7,111,769；2006年12月5日公布的名称为“SurgicalStapling Instrument having a Firing Lockout for an Unclosed Anvil,”的美国专利7,143,923；2007年12月4日公布的名称为“Surgical Stapling InstrumentIncorporating a Multi-Stroke Firing Mechanism with a Flexible Rack,”的美国专利7,303,108；2008年5月6日公布的名称为“Surgical Stapling InstrumentIncorporating a Multistroke Firing Mechanism Having a Rotary Transmission,”的美国专利7,367,485；2008年6月3日公布的名称为“Surgical StaplingInstrument Having a Single Lockout Mechanism for Prevention of Firing,”的美国专利7,380,695；2008年6月3日公布的名称为“Articulating SurgicalStapling Instrument Incorporating a Two-Piece E-Beam Firing Mechanism,”的美国专利7,380,696；2008年7月29日公布的名称为“Surgical Stapling andCutting Device,”的美国专利7,404,508；2008年10月14日公布的名称为“Surgical Stapling Instrument Having Multistroke Firing with OpeningLockout,”的美国专利7,434,715；2010年5月25日公布的名称为“Disposable Cartridge with Adhesive for Use with a Stapling Device,”的美国专利7,721,930；和2008年11月25日公布的名称为“Surgical Instrumentwith Articulating Shaft with Rigid Firing Bar Supports,”的美国专利7,455,208。上面所引用的美国专利中的每一者的公开内容均以引用方式并入本文。虽然以上涉及的外科缝合器被描述为用于内窥镜式手术，但应当理解，此类外科缝合器也可用于开放式手术和/或其它非内窥镜式手术。
虽然已经制造和使用各种类型的外科缝合器械，但据信在本发明人之前还无人研制出或使用所附权利要求中描述的发明。
附图说明
并入本说明书并构成其一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且与上文所给出的本发明的一般说明和下文所给出的实施例的详细说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1A示出了具有处于非关节运动位置中的端部执行器的关节运动外科器械的透视图；
图1B示出了具有处于关节运动位置中的端部执行器的图1A的外科器械的透视图；
图2示出了图1A-图1B的外科器械的打开的端部执行器的透视图；
图3A示出了沿图2的线3-3截取的图2的端部执行器的侧横截面图，其中击发杆处于近侧位置中；
图3B示出了沿图2的线3-3截取的图2的端部执行器的侧横截面图，但示出击发杆处于远侧位置中；
图4示出了沿图2的线4-4截取的图2的端部执行器的端部横截面图；
图5示出了图2端部执行器的分解透视图；
图6示出了定位在组织处并已在组织中致动过一次的图2的端部执行器的透视图；
图7示出了具有连接至击发杆的助剂材料的图2的端部执行器的示例性可移除的仓型式和示例性击发杆的平面图，其中击发杆处于第一位置中；
图8示出了具有处于第二位置中的击发杆的图7的仓的平面图；
图9示出了捕集在图7的击发杆中的顶部凹口内的图7的助剂材料的拆分透视图；
图10示出了具有连接至击发杆的助剂材料的图2的端部执行器的可移除的仓的示例性替代型式和示例性击发杆的平面图，其中击发杆处于第一位置中；
图11示出了具有连接至击发杆的助剂材料的图2的端部执行器的可移除的仓的另一示例性替代型式和示例性击发杆的平面图，其中击发杆处于第一位置中；
图12示出了经由击发杆中的细长侧凹口连接至示例性击发杆的图10或图11中的助剂材料的拆分透视图；
图13示出了具有经由助剂施用装置的第一型式沉积在击发杆上的助剂材料的图2的端部执行器的另一示例性可移除的仓和示例性击发杆的透视图，所述击发杆击发经过所述仓；
图14示出了适于图13仓的助剂施用装置的替代第二型式的拆分透视图；
图15示出了适于图13仓的助剂施用装置的替代第三型式的拆分透视图；和
图16示出了作为组织修复组合物沉积到切断组织上的助剂材料的剖面图。
附图并非意在以任何方式进行限制，并且可以预期本发明的各种实施例能够以多种其它方式来执行，包括那些未必在附图中示出的方式。附图并入本说明书中并构成其一部分，示出了本发明的若干方面，并与具体实施方式一起用于说明本发明的原理；然而，应当理解，本发明不限于所示出的明确布置方式。
具体实施方式
本发明的某些实施例的如下描述不应被用来限制本发明的范围。通过以下举例说明设想用于实施本发明的最佳方式之一的描述，本发明的其它例子、特征、形态、实施例和优点对于本领域的技术人员而言将变得显而易见。正如将会意识到的，本发明可以是其它不同且明显的方面，只要不脱离本发明。因此，附图和具体实施方式应被视为实质上是示例性的，而非限制性的。
I.示例性外科缝合器
图1-6示出了如图1A所示的处于非关节运动状态下，尺寸设定成用于插入经过套管针插管通道到患者手术部位进行外科手术的示例性外科缝合和切断器械10。外科缝合和切断器械10包括柄部部分20，该柄部部分20连接至执行部分22，后者还包括远侧终止于关节运动机构11的轴23和远侧附接的端部执行器12。一旦关节运动机构11和端部执行器12插入经过套管针的插管通道，关节运动机构11便可通过关节运动控制器13进行远程关节运动，如图1B所示。从而，端部执行器12可从期望的角度或为了其它原因到达器官或附近组织后面。应当理解，诸如“近侧”和“远侧”的术语在本文中是参考器械10的临床医生抓握的柄部部分20而使用的。因此，端部执行器12相对于更近侧的柄部部分20处于远侧。还应当理解，为简洁和清楚起见，本文可结合附图使用空间术语例如“竖直”和“水平”。然而，外科器械在多个取向和位置中使用，并且这些术语并非意图进行限制，也并非绝对。
本发明实例的端部执行器12包括下钳口16和可枢转砧座18。柄部部分20包括手枪式握把24，由临床医生将闭合触发器26枢转地拉向手枪式握把，以使砧座18朝向端部执行器12的下钳口16夹紧或闭合。砧座18的这种闭合通过最外侧闭合套管32提供，该闭合套管响应于闭合触发器26相对于手枪式握把24的枢转而相对于柄部部分20纵向地平移。闭合套管32的远侧闭合环33由执行部分22的框架34间接地支撑。在关节运动机构11处，闭合套管32的近侧闭合管35与远侧闭合环33连通。框架34经由关节运动机构11柔性地附接到下钳口16，使得能够在单个平面中进行关节运动。框架34还在纵向上滑动地支撑击发驱动构件(未示出)，该击发驱动构件延伸经过轴23并且将击发运动从击发触发器28传递到击发杆14。击发触发器28远离闭合触发器26的外侧，并且能够被临床医生枢转地拉动，以使得夹紧的组织在端部执行器12中被缝合和切断，如下文将更详细地描述的。然后，按下释放按钮30，以从端部执行器12释放组织。
图2-5示出了采用电子束击发杆14来执行多项功能的端部执行器12。如图3A-3B中最佳地示出，击发杆14包括横向取向的上部销38、击发杆顶盖44、横向取向的中间销46和处于远侧的切刃48。上部销38定位在砧座18的砧座凹坑40内并且能够在该砧座凹坑中平移。击发杆顶盖44通过使击发杆14延伸经过通道狭槽45(如图3B所示)而可滑动地接合下钳口16的下表面，该通道狭槽形成为经过下钳口16。中间销46可滑动地接合下钳口16的顶部表面，从而与击发杆顶盖44协作。从而，击发杆14在击发期间肯定与端部执行器12隔开，对于最小量的夹紧组织克服在砧座18与下钳口16之间可能出现的紧缩，并且对于过多量的夹紧组织克服钉变形。
图2示出了朝近侧定位的击发杆14和枢转到打开位置的砧座18，从而允许未用完的钉仓37可移除地安装到下钳口16的通道中。如图4-5中最佳地示出，该实例的钉仓37包括仓体70，该仓体具有上部平台72并且与下部仓托盘74联接。如图2中最佳地示出，竖直狭槽49形成为经过钉仓37的一部分。还如图2中最佳地示出，三行钉孔51在竖直狭槽49的一侧上形成为经过上部平台72，其中另一组三行钉孔51在竖直狭槽49的另一侧上形成为经过上部平台72。重新参见图3-5，楔形滑动件41和多个钉驱动器43被捕集在仓体70与托盘74之间，其中楔形滑动件41被定位成邻近钉驱动器43。楔形滑动件41可在钉仓37内纵向地运动；而钉驱动器43可在钉仓37内竖直地运动。钉47也被定位在仓体70内，处于对应的钉驱动器43上方。具体地，每个钉47在仓体70内被钉驱动器43竖直地驱动，以将钉47驱动而从相关的钉孔51穿出。如图3A-3B和5中最佳地示出，楔形滑动件41存在倾斜凸轮表面，当楔形滑动件41被朝远侧驱动经过钉仓37时，该倾斜凸轮表面向上推压钉驱动器43。
利用如图3A所示地闭合的端部执行器12，通过使上部销38进入纵向砧座狭槽42，击发杆14推进至与砧座18接合。推块80位于击发杆14的远端处，并且能够接合楔形滑动件41，使得当击发杆14朝远侧推进经过钉仓37时，楔形滑动件41被推块80朝远侧推压。在此类击发期间，击发杆14的切刃48进入钉仓37的竖直狭槽49，从而切断被夹紧在钉仓37与砧座18之间的组织。如图3A-3B所示，中间销46和推块80通过进入钉仓37内的狭槽49一起致动钉仓37，从而驱动楔形滑动件41向上与钉驱动器43凸轮接触，继而该钉驱动器43驱动钉47从钉孔51穿出并与砧座18内表面上的钉成形凹坑53形成接触。图3B示出了击发杆14，其在完成切断和缝合组织之后完全朝远侧平移。
图6示出了已通过单行程致动经过组织90的端部执行器12。切刃48已切割经过组织90，同时钉驱动器43已驱动三个交替排的钉47经过由切刃48产生的切割线的每侧上的组织90。在该实例中，钉47全部取向成与切割线基本上平行，但应当理解，钉47可被定位成任何合适的取向。在本实例中，在第一行程完成之后，端部执行器12从套管针撤回，用完的钉仓37被新的钉仓取代，然后，端部执行器12再次插入经过套管针，以到达缝合部位以用于进一步的切割和缝合。这个过程可以重复，直到提供了期望量的切割和钉47。可能需要将砧座18闭合以有利于通过套管针插入和缩回；并且可能需要将砧座18打开以有利于更换钉仓37。
应当理解，在每个致动行程期间，切刃48可基本上在钉47被驱动经过组织的同时切断组织。在本发明实例中，切刃48仅稍稍落后于钉47的驱动，使得钉47正好在切刃48经过组织之前被驱动经过该组织的相同区域，但应当理解，这个顺序可以颠倒，或者切刃48可以直接与相邻的钉同步。虽然图6示出了端部执行器12在组织90的两个层92、94中被致动，但应当理解，端部执行器12可被致动经过组织90的单个层或者组织的多于两个的层92、94。还应当理解，与由切刃48产生的切割线相邻的钉47的成形和定位可基本上密封该切割线处的组织，由此减少或防止切割线处的出血和/或体内其它流体泄漏。参考本文的教导内容，可以使用器械10的各种合适的设置和手术对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
应当理解，可以根据以下美国专利中的教导内容配置和操作器械10：美国专利4,805,823、美国专利5,415,334；美国专利5,465,895；美国专利5,597,107；美国专利5,632,432；美国专利5,673,840；美国专利5,704,534；美国专利5,814,055；美国专利6,978,921；美国专利7,000,818；美国专利7,143,923；美国专利7,303,108；美国专利7,367,485；美国专利7,380,695；美国专利7,380,696；美国专利7,404,508；美国专利7,434,715；和/或美国专利7,721,930。
如上所述，这些专利中的每一者的公开内容均以引用方式并入本文。可提供用于器械10的其它示例性修改形式将更详细地描述于下文中。可将下述教导内容结合到器械10内的各种合适方式对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。类似地，可将下述教导内容与本文引用的专利的各种教导内容进行组合的各种合适方式对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。另外应当理解，下述教导内容并不限于本文引用的专利中教导的器械10或装置。下述教导内容可容易地应用到多种其它类型的器械，包括将不被分类为外科缝合器的器械。参考本文的教导内容，可应用下述教导内容的各种其它合适装置和设置对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
II.用于沉积助剂材料的示例性击发杆和仓组件
以下描述的实例包括示例性击发杆和仓组件能够操作以将助剂材料沉积在组织上同时击发杆切断组织并且同时钉从仓被驱动到组织中。所述助剂材料可包括例如，帮助凝结血液和减少手术部位出血量的助剂或止血剂，诸如血纤维蛋白或凝血酶。此类助剂的止血能力还可有助于将此类助剂用作粘结剂和密封剂。例如，试剂可基本上防止沿缝合的组织部位裂漏。此类助剂或试剂还可包括但不限于医用流体和/或支撑垫组分，诸如贫血小板血浆(PPP)、富血小板血浆(PRP)、淀粉、脱乙酰壳多糖、藻酸酯、血纤维蛋白、多糖、纤维素、胶原、牛胶原、明胶-间苯二酚-福尔马林粘合剂、氧化纤维素、基于贻贝的粘合剂、聚(氨基酸)、琼脂糖、直链淀粉、透明质烷、聚羟基丁酸酯(PHB)、透明质酸、聚(乙烯基吡咯烷酮)(PVP)、聚(乙烯醇)(PVA)、聚交酯(PLA)、聚乙交酯(PGA)、聚己内酯(PCL)和它们的共聚物、(Ethicon,Inc.,Somerville,N.J.)、MONOCRYL材料、PANACRYL(Ethicon,Inc.,Somerville,N.J.)和/或适合与生物材料混合并引入伤口或缺陷部位的任何其他材料，包括材料的组合。例如，所述材料可选自下列材料：ε-己内酯乙交酯、牛心包膜、聚乳酸、聚乙醇酸、丙交醋双聚合物(polyglactin)、聚二氧杂环己酮、聚葡糖酸酯(polyglyconate)、乳清蛋白、纤维素胶、淀粉、明胶、丝绸、尼龙、聚丙烯、编织的聚酯、聚丁烯酯(polybutester)、聚乙烯和/或聚醚醚酮。参考本文的教导内容，可用于医用流体或支撑垫的其他合适化合物、材料、物质等对本领域普通技术人员将是显而易见的。
合适的助剂或试剂还可包括但不限于医用流体或支撑垫组分，包括但不限于天然的或经基因工程改造的可吸收聚合物或合成可吸收聚合物、或它们的混合物。天然的或经基因工程改造的可吸收聚合物的例子是蛋白质、多糖、以及它们的组合。蛋白质包括凝血酶原、凝血酶、血纤维蛋白原、血纤维蛋白、纤粘蛋白、肝素酶、凝血因子X/Xa、凝血因子VII/VIla、凝血因子IX/IXa、凝血因子XI/XIa、凝血因子XII/XIIa、组织因子、巴曲酶、安克洛酶、蛇静脉酶、血管性血友病因子、胶原、弹性蛋白、白蛋白、明胶、血小板表面糖蛋白、加压素、加压素类似物、肾上腺素、选择素、促凝毒、纤溶酶原激活剂抑制剂、血小板活化剂、具有止血活性的合成肽和/或它们的组合。多糖包括但不限于：纤维素、烷基纤维素如甲基纤维素、烷基羟烷基纤维素、羟烷基纤维素、纤维素硫酸酯、羧甲基纤维素的盐、羧甲基纤维素、羧乙基纤维素、甲壳质、羧甲基甲壳质、透明质酸、透明质酸的盐、藻酸盐、藻酸、丙二醇藻酸盐、糖原、葡聚糖、硫酸葡聚糖、凝胶多糖、果胶、普鲁兰多糖、黄原胶、软骨素、硫酸软骨素、羧甲基脱乙酰壳多糖、脱乙酰壳多糖、肝素、硫酸肝素、类肝素、硫酸类肝素、硫酸皮肤素、硫酸角质素、角叉菜胶、脱乙酰壳多糖、淀粉、直链淀粉、支链淀粉、聚-N-葡糖胺、聚甘露糖醛酸、聚葡糖醛酸、聚古洛糖醛酸(polyguluronic acid)，以及任何上述物质的衍生物。合成的可吸收聚合物的例子是脂族聚酯聚合物、共聚物和/或它们的组合。脂族聚酯通常在单体的开环聚合反应中合成，所述单体包括但不限于乳酸、丙交酯(包括L-、D-、内消旋和D,L混合物)、乙醇酸、乙交酯、ε-己内酯、对二氧杂环己酮(1,4-二氧六环-2-酮)和三亚甲基碳酸酯(1,3-二氧杂环己烷-2-酮)。
在一些型式中，医用流体可悬置在生物相容性载体中以形成助剂的材料。合适的载体可包括例如生理缓冲溶液、可流动的凝胶溶液、盐和水。在凝胶溶液的情况下，组织修复组合物在递送到目标部位处之前可为可流动凝胶形式，或可形成凝胶并且在递送到目标部位之后保持在适当位置。可流动凝胶溶液可包括具有或不具有加入的水、盐或生理缓冲溶液的一种或多种胶凝材料。合适的胶凝材料包括生物材料和合成材料。示例性凝胶材料包括蛋白质、多糖、多核苷酸和其他材料，诸如藻酸酯、交联的藻酸酯、聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)、聚(氧化烯)、聚(环氧乙烷)-聚(环氧丙烷)的共聚物、聚(乙烯醇)、聚丙烯酸酯或单硬脂酰甘油共琥珀酸酯(monostearoyl glycerol co-Succinate)/聚乙烯乙二醇(MGSA/PEG)共聚物，以及任何前述物质的组合。
根据于2009年5月14日公布的名称为“Surgical Fastening Device withInitiator Impregnation of a Matrix or Buttress to Improve Adhesive Application”的美国专利申请公开号2009/0120994中的教导内容，以举例的方式，所述材料还可被保持在和/或包括纤维垫、泡沫、基体、网孔、或另一结构，其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。所述材料可包括例如，是支撑垫的生物相容性材料、其中具有多个开口的基体、开孔或闭孔泡沫、和/或纤维垫。材料可包括引起毛细作用特征的孔隙，从而将粘合剂吸入至该材料并确保开口保持粘合剂的清洁，从而允许在应用到组织后组织通过该开口生长。
另外或作为另外一种选择，该助剂材料可包含粘合剂诸如但不限于，可聚合的材料和/或可交联的材料诸如氰基丙烯酸酯粘合剂。该粘合剂例如可为单体(包括预聚合)粘合剂组合物、聚合物粘合剂组合物、或可附着到组织的任何其他化合物。在实施例中，单体可为1,1-二取代的乙烯单体，例如，α-氰基丙烯酸酯。当氰基丙烯酸酯经交联或聚合时，可从液体转变为固体。聚合粘合剂例如可被配制为柔软到坚硬并可是多孔的。如果需要，粘合剂可为单部分或双部分粘合剂，和/或可包含添加剂，诸如替代的化合物。粘合剂的聚合可发生自但不限于，暴露于水分、热、和/或粘结引发剂，诸如在美国专利申请公开号2009/0120994中所描述的那些，其公开内容以上述引用方式并入。参考本文的教导内容，可使用的其他适合材料和组合物对本领域普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
A.击发杆型式上的顶部凹口
图7-8示出了包括类似于上述仓37的部件的可移除的仓101。仓101包括带形材料114并设置在上述端部执行器12的下钳口16中的示例性击发杆103之上。击发杆103类似于上述击发杆14。图9示出了包括顶部表面102终止于上部尖端104的远侧刀片100的击发杆103。击发杆103还包括从远侧刀片100延伸的细长近侧部分106。细长近侧部分106的顶部边缘108包括凹口110。凹口110能够接收材料114的中间部分112，该中间部分112设置在材料114的第一卷轴116和第二卷轴118之间并连接了材料114的第一卷轴116和第二卷轴118。材料114的卷轴116、118可被弹性偏置，从而防止过早地解开来自卷轴116、118的材料114。
如上所述，材料114可由止血剂和/或各种其他材料构成。当击发杆103按箭头A方向经过限定于仓101的上部平台105中的竖直狭槽99向远侧运动时，如图8所示，击发杆103勾住并牵拉材料114向远侧前进，同时解开来自卷轴116、118的材料114。击发杆103将材料114最终释放至被刀100切断的组织上。另外或作为另外一种选择，当击发杆103向远侧推进时，类似于上述楔形滑动件41的楔形滑动件可附接到材料114并牵拉材料114向远侧前进。
以类似于如上所述的击发杆14如何切断组织的方式，通过击发杆103切断组织。顶部边缘108设置在卷轴116、118的顶部表面上方，使得在通过击发杆103向前驱动材料114时，击发杆103的任一侧上的材料114层将不会因彼此接触而粘着在一起。
仓101包括设置在狭槽99的远端124处的第一刀120和第二刀122。当击发杆103向远侧击发通过刀120、122时，刀120、122割穿材料114，从而允许材料114的中间部分112从击发杆103凹口110被移除。这允许击发杆103返回至如图7所示的原始位置，而无需保持材料114的主要部分。在使用仓101后，使用者可重新装载新的仓并重复上述过程。
B.击发杆型式上的侧面凹口
图10-11示出了能够容纳在下钳口16内的其他示例性仓107、113。仓107、113还包括用于接收击发杆126的部分，该击发杆126在操作上类似于相对于仓37的上述击发杆14。参见图12，击发杆126包括终止于上部尖端130的远侧刀片128。细长侧面凹口136设置在顶部边缘132下方和击发杆126的相对侧134上或经过该相对侧134，并且能够在示例性仓107、113设置在处于第一位置的击发杆126之上时，容纳材料138，如下所述。
1.卷轴型式
图10示出仓107，其包括作为设置在平台109下方的第一卷轴140和第二卷轴142的一部分的带形材料138。当仓107被插入到下钳口16时，来自卷轴140、142的内端的材料138经过凹口136附接到击发杆126的侧面134。例如，仓107可以这样的角度插入下钳口16，即该角度足以使跨越在卷轴140、142之间的材料138通过击发杆126下方并进入凹口136。然后，当仓107经卡入到位时，此类材料138可保持在凹口136中。作为另外一种选择，顶部边缘132可包括与凹口136连通的狭槽，从而使材料138从击发杆126的顶侧面进入凹口136。在任一种情况下，当击发杆126沿箭头B方向向远侧击发时，来自卷轴140、142的材料138被解开并随着击发杆126向远侧击发，直到击发杆126到达平台109的狭槽111远端148处的刀144、146。狭槽111在结构和操作上类似于上述狭槽49。然后刀144、146用于从击发杆126的侧面134来切断材料138，这样击发杆126可返回其原始位置，而无需保持大部分的材料138。另外，当击发杆126以类似于如上所述的击发杆14如何切断组织90的方式来切断组织90时，材料138将被释放到组织90的切断部分上。
图16示出了被释放到组织90的切断边缘上的材料138的实例，其中组织的切断边缘已被来自端部执行器12的钉47钉住。具体地，组织90的切断边缘形成了切割线160。材料138被示出为沉积在切割线160的任一侧上的组织90上，该切割线160是当包括仓107的端部执行器12用击发杆126操作以切断组织90时，与仓107的狭槽111基本上对齐的线。应当理解，本文所述各种其他助剂材料实例的使用可产生出现了类似图16所示的结果。
2.围绕型式
图11示出了具有包括围绕部分150的材料138条的仓113。围绕部分150可运动地围绕仓113的平台115的外周边。当仓113插入到下钳口16中时，来自围绕部分150的中间部分152的材料138被插入到击发杆126的凹口136中。当击发杆126按箭头C方向沿着类似于上述狭槽111的狭槽117向远侧击发时，来自围绕部分150的材料138被勾住并沿着击发杆126向远侧击发，从而按箭头D方向牵拉来自围绕部分150的材料，直到击发杆126到达平台109的狭槽111远端158处的刀154、156。刀154、156以类似于上述仓107的刀144、146的方式切断来自击发杆126的材料138。相似地，当击发杆126切断组织90时，材料138将被释放到组织90的切断部分上。
C.刀狭槽型式
图13示出了另一个示例性仓119，该仓119除以下所示外类似于上述仓37。仓119包括能够将止血材料或助剂和/或任何其他适合的材料设置到击发杆162上的助剂施用装置。该实例的击发杆162包括在相对侧166上沿其长度的一部分的一系列凹口164。以下将描述与凹口164配合的助剂施用装置的不同实施例，但参考本文的教导内容，其他实施例对本领域普通技术人员将是显而易见的。应当理解，凹口164可包括不完全从一侧166通到另一侧166的凹槽。另外或在替代方案中，凹口164可包括提供从一侧166通到另一侧166的完整通路的开口。
1.滚轴型式
仓119可包括助剂施用装置168的第一型式。图13示出了包括能够可转动地紧靠击发杆162的相对侧166的滚轴170、172的施用装置168。当击发杆162按箭头E方向向远侧推进经过仓119的竖直狭槽121时，击发杆162的前沿167可切断滚轴170、172之间的材料174。作为另外一种选择，击发杆162可仅沿着滚轴170、172传递而不切断滚轴170、172之间的任何东西。当击发杆162继续向远侧推进时，材料174将紧靠击发杆162的侧面166滚动并通过毛细作用涂覆该侧面166。尤其是，滚轴170、172将分别沿箭头F、G方向滚动，以将材料174从滚轴170、172释放到凹口164中。此类动作以类似于例如毡尖笔如何将墨施加并释放至纸上的方式来涂覆击发杆162的侧面166。当击发杆162以上述针对端部执行器12的方式切断组织90时，保持材料174的凹口164经由另一毛细作用将材料174沉积到切割线(诸如图16所示切割线160)的顶部和按钮。因此，在击发杆162切断组织90产生切割线160的同时，击发杆162最终将材料174施加到切割线160。
2.安瓿型式
作为另一仅例证性的实例，仓119可包括图14所示的助剂施用装置176的第二型式。该实例的施用装置176包括可由塑性或任何其他适合的材料构成的安瓿178。安瓿178沿着仓119的竖直狭槽121近端设置。当仓119设置在端部执行器12的下钳口16中时，击发杆162的上边缘180将安瓿178切成击发杆162的相对侧166上的第一部分182和第二部分184。作为另外一种选择，当仓119设置在端部执行器12的下钳口16中时，击发杆162的前沿167向远侧推进以将安瓿178切成击发杆162的相对侧166上的第一部分182和第二部分184。当击发杆162向远侧推进经过狭槽121并经过切断的安瓿178时，试剂186为了保持在击发杆162的凹口164中按箭头H所示的路径从安瓿178流出至击发杆162的侧面166上。因此，当击发杆162以上述针对端部执行器12的方式切断组织90时，试剂186经由击发杆162的击发施加到切割线，诸如图16所示的切割线160。
3.弹簧偏置的凝胶块型式
作为另一仅例证性的实例，仓119可包括图15所示的助剂施用装置188的第三型式。该实例的施用装置188包括具有一对弹簧193的试剂192的凝胶块190，其中一对弹簧193位于凝胶块190的相对侧上，从而对着击发杆162的侧面166偏置块190。块190沿着仓119的竖直狭槽121的近端设置。当仓119设置在端部执行器12的下钳口16中时，击发杆162的上边缘180将块190切成击发杆162的相对侧166上的块部分194、196。作为另外一种选择，当仓119被布置在端部执行器12的下钳口16中时，击发杆162的前沿167向远侧推进，将块190切成击发杆162的相对侧166上的第一部分194和第二部分196。作为另一种替代形式，第一部分194和第二部分196可预成形为两单独的块190，使得击发杆162不切断块190。在任何这些实例中，当击发杆162向远侧推进经过狭槽121时，保持在块190中的试剂192为了保持在击发杆162的凹口164中而从块部分194、196转移到击发杆162的侧面166上。在击发杆162向远侧推进经过仓119的狭槽121时，弹簧193挤压每个块部分194、196的外侧，从而对着击发杆162的各个相对侧166偏置块部分194、196的内侧。因此，当击发杆162以上述针对端部执行器12的方式切断组织90时，试剂192经由击发杆162的击发被施加到切割线，诸如图16所示的切割线160。
应当理解，本文所述的教导内容、表达方式、实施例、实例等中的任何一个或多个可与本文所述的其它教导内容、表达方式、实施例、实例等中的任何一个或多个相结合。因此下述教导内容、表达方式、实施例、实例等不应视为彼此隔离。参考本文的教导内容，其中本文的教导内容可结合的各种合适方式对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。这种修改形式和变型旨在包括在权利要求书的范围内。
上文所述的装置的型式可适用于由医学专家执行的常规医疗处理和手术中、以及可适用于机器人辅助的医疗处理和手术中。
上文所述的型式可被设计为单次使用后丢弃，或者它们可被设计为可使用多次。在上述任一种或两种情况下，都可对这些型式进行修复，以便在使用至少一次后重复使用。修复可包括以下步骤的任意组合：移除装置、然后清洗或更换特定部件和随后进行重新组装。具体地讲，可移除所述装置的一些型式，并且可选择性地以任何组合形式来更换或拆除所述装置的任意数量的特定部件或零件。在清洗和/或更换特定零件时，所述装置的一些型式可在修复设施中重新组装或者在即将进行手术前由用户重新组装以供随后使用。本领域的技术人员将会知道，修复装置时可利用多种技术进行移除、清洗/更换和重新组装。这些技术的使用以及所得的修复装置均在本发明的范围内。
仅以举例的方式，本文所述的型式可在手术之前和/或之后进行消毒。在一种消毒技术中，将装置置于闭合并密封的容器中，例如，置于塑料袋或TYVEK袋中。然后可将容器和装置置于可穿透该容器的例如γ辐射、X射线或高能电子等辐射的辐射场中。辐射可杀死装置上和容器中的细菌。消毒后的装置随后可存放于消毒容器中，以备以后使用。还可使用本领域已知的任何其它技术对装置消毒，所述技术包括但不限于β辐射或γ辐射、环氧乙烷或蒸汽消毒。
尽管已在本发明中示出和描述了多个型式，但本领域的普通技术人员可在不脱离本发明范围的前提下进行适当修改以对本文所述的方法和系统进行进一步改进。已经提及了若干这类潜在的修改形式，并且其它修改形式对本领域的技术人员而言将是显而易见的。例如，上文讨论的实例、型式、几何形状、材料、尺寸、比率、步骤等等均是示例性的而非必需的。因此，本发明的范围应以下面的权利要求书考虑，并且应理解为不限于说明书和附图中示出和描述的结构和操作细节。

Claims (20)

1.一种外科器械设备，包括：
(a)柄部部分；
(b)容纳击发杆的轴；
(c)端部执行器，包括砧座、下钳口和响应于由所述柄部部分和所述轴产生的纵向闭合运动的缝合和切断组件；和
(d)可移除的仓，其中所述下钳口能够接收所述仓，所述仓包括：
(i)外壳，
(ii)设置在所述外壳中的多个钉，
(iii)设置在所述多个钉之上的平台，所述平台限定孔，每个孔基本上设置在每个钉之上，和
(iv)生物相容性材料，其中当所述缝合和切断组件同时切断组织并将钉驱动到组织中时，所述击发杆能够操作以将所述生物相容性材料施加到所述组织。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备，所述击发杆包括能够接收所述生物相容性材料的凹口。
3.根据权利要求2所述的设备，其中所述生物相容性材料在所述仓的近端处设置在所述仓的所述平台上或其下方。
4.根据权利要求2所述的设备，其中所述生物相容性材料围绕一对卷轴卷绕。
5.根据权利要求4所述的设备，其中所述卷轴被弹性偏置。
6.根据权利要求4所述的设备，其中所述卷轴周围的所述生物相容性材料能够在所述击发杆响应于由所述柄部部分和所述轴产生的纵向闭合运动而推进经过所述仓的所述平台的狭槽时推进。
7.根据权利要求6所述的设备，还包括定位在所述仓的所述平台的狭槽远端处的一对刀。
8.根据权利要求6所述的设备，其中所述刀能够在所述生物相容性材料到达所述狭槽的远端时切断所述生物相容性材料。
9.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中当所述生物相容性材料包含带材时，其中所述击发杆中的凹口能够接收所述带材。
10.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中邻近所述击发杆的前沿的区域能够接收所述生物相容性材料。
11.根据权利要求10所述的设备，还包括一对滚轴，所述一对滚轴能够在所述击发杆向远侧推进时，将所述生物相容性材料释放到所述击发杆的侧表面上的凹口上。
12.根据权利要求10所述的设备，还包括容纳所述生物相容性材料的安瓿，其中所述击发杆的前沿能够在所述击发杆向远侧推进时切断所述安瓿，从而将所述生物相容性材料释放到所述击发杆的侧表面上的凹口中。
13.根据权利要求10所述的设备，其中所述生物相容性材料包括弹簧偏置的凝胶块，其中所述击发杆的所述前沿能够在所述击发杆向远侧推进时向远侧推进通过所述凝胶块，从而将所述生物相容性材料释放到所述击发杆的侧表面上的凹口中。
14.根据权利要求13所述的设备，其中所述弹簧偏置的凝胶块包括紧靠所述击发杆的相对侧弹性偏置的一对块。
15.根据权利要求13所述的设备，其中所述弹簧偏置的凝胶块包括可切断块，并且其中所述击发杆的所述前沿能够向远侧推进，以将所述可切断块切成一对块部分，使得所述材料从所述一对块部分的切断区域释放到所述击发杆的侧表面上的凹口中。
16.一种从外科器械释放材料的方法，所述外科器械包括端部执行器、柄部部分和容纳击发杆的轴，所述端部执行器包括下钳口和砧座，所述下钳口能够接收可移除的仓，所述仓包括具有竖直狭槽的平台，所述器械还包括响应于由所述柄部部分和所述轴产生的纵向闭合运动的缝合和切断组件，所述缝合和切断结构包括所述击发杆，所述方法包括以下步骤：
(a)将包括生物相容性材料的所述仓插入所述端部执行器的所述下钳口中，使得当所述击发杆处于第一位置时，所述生物相容性材料保持在所述击发杆中的凹口内；以及
(b)产生所述纵向闭合运动以将所述缝合和切断组件的所述击发杆推进经过所述仓的所述平台的竖直狭槽到第二位置，使得所述击发杆的推进同时推进保持的生物相容性材料。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法，还包括以下步骤：
(a)通过定位在所述仓的所述平台的竖直狭槽远端处的一对刀切断被推进的保持的生物相容性材料。
18.根据权利要求17所述的方法，还包括以下步骤：
(a)在移除由所述柄部部分和所述轴产生的纵向闭合运动时，所述击发杆被推到所述第一位置。
19.一种外科器械，包括：
(a)柄部部分和轴，所述轴容纳击发杆；
(b)响应于由所述柄部部分和所述轴产生的纵向闭合运动的缝合和切断组件；
(c)钉仓；
(d)连接至所述柄部部分的端部执行器，所述端部执行器包括砧座和下钳口，所述下钳口能够接收所述钉仓；
(e)设置在所述钉仓的外壳中的多个钉，所述砧座能够响应于所述纵向闭合运动使所述钉形成；和
(f)生物相容性材料，其中所述生物相容性材料设置在所述钉仓上或其中；
其中所述击发杆包括凹口，其中所述击发杆能够操作以在所述砧座和所述仓之间运动，并且其中所述凹口能够保持所述生物相容性材料的部分。
20.根据权利要求19所述的方法，其中所述击发杆能够操作以切断所述生物相容性材料，并且其中所述凹口能够保持切断材料的部分，其中所述生物相容性材料包括粘合剂、密封剂、愈合剂或抗菌剂中的一种或多种。
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JP6271429B2 (ja) 2018-01-31
US8985429B2 (en) 2015-03-24
EP2757959B1 (en) 2015-10-21
RU2014116258A (ru) 2015-10-27
JP2014533125A (ja) 2014-12-11
EP2757959A1 (en) 2014-07-30
PL2757959T3 (pl) 2016-04-29
BR112014007004B1 (pt) 2021-05-04
CN103957818B (zh) 2016-11-23
RU2619378C2 (ru) 2017-05-15
MX2014003516A (es) 2015-02-05
US20130075451A1 (en) 2013-03-28

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