CN103947874A - Feed of lepidopterous larvae and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a feed of lepidopterous larvae, as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The feed comprises the following components in parts by mass: 12 to 15 parts of wheat germ, 1 to 2 parts of saccharose, 3.5 to 5.5 parts of casein, 1.5 to 1.8 parts of agar, 0.05 to 0.1 part of choline chloride, 0.5 to 1 part of Wesson salt, 0.3 to 0.5 part of sorbic acid, 0.2 to 0.3 part of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, 0.5 to 1 part of ascorbic acid, 0.003 to 0.005 parts of vanderzant vitamin B, 0.05 to 0.15 part of cholesterol, 0.02 to 0.05 part of inositol, and 72 to 81 parts of water. The prepared feed of lepidopterous larvae is comprehensive in nutrition, reasonable in proportion, and stable in breeding effect, and can promote preimaginal growth and development of various lepidopteron.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to insect and raise field, particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of lepidopterous insects larvae feeds and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Many lepidopterous insects are important agriculture and forestry injurious insects, for the exploitations of basic research, chemical prevention and biological prevention of these insects and the production of biological pesticide all need large batch of, grow consistent lepidopterous insects as test material.Therefore, the artificial feeding of lepidopterous insects is the important foundation of entomology research and agriculture and forestry injurious insect control, and has great Economic Importance.
Lepidopterous larvae man-made feeds not only can solve the seasonality shortage of natural foodstuff, and are easy to management, and can obtain growing neat, the consistent a large amount of worms source of physiological standard.At present, successfully develop feed formula and the method for breeding of multiple agriculture and forestry injurious insect and economic insects:
1, " man-made feeds of insect, mite class, spider ", Xin is situated between six, Su Deming, Science Press, 1979;
2, " insect artificial diet's handbook ", Wang Yannian, Shanghai science tech publishing house, 1984;
3、“Handbook?of?insect?rearing”，Singh?and?Moore，1985。
Research shows, it is roughly the same that insect grows needed nutritional labeling, and the ratio of the nutrition that just different insects needs has different (Wang Yannian, insect artificial diet's handbook, Shanghai science tech publishing house, 1984; Fang Jie etc., insect artificial diet's formulating overview and Research on Problems, Sichuan Forestry science and technology, 2003).
Polyphagy insect is because natural foodstuff scope is wide, comparatively loose to the requirement of feed, and what have has a multiple feed formula, and these feed formulas can be broken away from host plant or its extract (Wang Yannian mostly, insect artificial diet's handbook, Shanghai science tech publishing house, 1984; Chen Qijin, Li Guanghong, Pang Yi, the simple and easy man-made feeds of one of five kinds of noctuids of raising, insect knowledge, 2000; Jiang Surong, Fu Fengling, several meridic diets are raised the effect of mythimna separata, Sichuan Agricultural University's journal, 2004; Mao Jianping, Gu Weiwei, Pu hat duty, the impact of DIFFERENT FEED on prodenia litura breeding achievement, Sericulture of China, 2008).
In view of polyphagy insect artificial diet's above feature, making becomes possibility for various insects designs a kind of general man-made feeds, this will greatly reduce the workload of feed preparation and the cost that insect is raised for needs research and development unit and the manufacturing enterprise of mass rearing various insects simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide Species of Lepidopterous Larvae feed and preparation method thereof.Lepidopterous larvae feed nutrition provided by the invention is comprehensive, and ratio is reasonable, and feeding effect is stable, can ensure that multiple lepidopterous insects completes whole preimaginal growing.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
One Species of Lepidopterous Larvae feed, according to the mass fraction, it comprises:
12～15 parts of wheat germs, 1～2 part of sucrose, 3.5～5.5 parts of caseins, 1.5～1.8 parts, agar, 0.05～0.1 part of Choline Chloride, 0.5～1 part of Webster salt, 0.3～0.5 part of sorbic acid, 0.2～0.3 part of P-hydroxybenzoic acid, 0.5～1 part, ascorbic acid, 0.003～0.005 part of Fan Shi Cobastab, 0.05～0.15 part, cholesterol, 0.02～0.05 part of inositol, 72～81 parts, water;
Preferably, according to the mass fraction, described feed comprises:
12 parts of wheat germs, 2 parts of sucrose, 4.5 parts of caseins, 1.5 parts, agar, 0.05 part of Choline Chloride, 1 part of Webster salt, 0.4 part of sorbic acid, 0.25 part of P-hydroxybenzoic acid, 0.5 part, ascorbic acid, 0.003 part of Fan Shi Cobastab, 0.1 part, cholesterol, 0.035 part of inositol, 77.7 parts, water.
Preferably, according to the mass fraction, described Webster salt consist of KCl120 part, CuSO
40.39 part, KI0.05 part, MnSO
40.2 part, NaCl105 part, MgSO
490 parts, NaF0.57 part, K
2al (SO
4)
2h
2o0.09 part, KH
2pO
431 parts, CaCO
3210 parts, Fe
3(PO
4)
3h
2o20.88 part, Ca
3(PO
4)
2149 parts.
Preferably, according to the mass fraction, described Fan Shi Cobastab consist of that 0.5 part, riboflavin, 0.25 part, folic acid, 1mol/L KOH to riboflavin and folic acid dissolves completely, 1 part of niacinamide, 1 part of calcium pantothenate, 0.25 part of thiamine hydrochloride, 0.25 part of puridoxine hydrochloride, 0.02 part of biotin, 0.002 part of cobalamin and water, wherein solid-to-liquid ratio is 0.03g/mL.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of described lepidopterous larvae feed, and this preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) take in proportion wheat germ, casein, sucrose, cholesterol, mix, as A component;
(2) take in proportion Webster salt, sorbic acid, ascorbic acid, Fan Shi Cobastab, P-hydroxybenzoic acid, Choline Chloride, inositol, mix, as B component;
(3) take in proportion agar, add in proportion water, boil to boiling, add A component, then boil to boiling, be cooled to 70～80 DEG C, as C component;
(4) C component and B component are mixed, condensation, to obtain final product.
Wherein, the boiling time in described step (3) is 2～5min.
Wherein, the preparation method of described Webster salt comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the mass fraction, by KCl120 part, CuSO
40.39 part, KI0.05 part, MnSO
40.2 part, NaCl105 part, MgSO
490 parts, NaF0.57 part, K
2al (SO
4)
2h
2o0.09 part, KH
2pO
431 parts water-soluble, and solid-to-liquid ratio is 0.17g/mL, as composition a;
(2) according to the mass fraction, by CaCO
310.5 parts, Fe
3(PO
4)
3h
2o1.044 part, Ca
3(PO
4)
27.45 parts of mixing, pulverize, as composition b;
(3) composition a and composition b are mixed, to obtain final product.
Wherein, the preparation method of described Fan Shi Cobastab comprises the following steps: according to the mass fraction, by 0.5 part, riboflavin, 0.25 part of mixing of folic acid, adding water to make solid-to-liquid ratio is 0.015g/mL, then add KOH solution to the riboflavin and folic acid of 1mol/L to dissolve completely, add again 1 part of niacinamide, 1 part of calcium pantothenate, 0.25 part of thiamine hydrochloride, 0.25 part of puridoxine hydrochloride, 0.02 part of biotin, 0.002 part of cobalamin, the constant volume that adds water, solid-to-liquid ratio is 0.03g/mL.
Preferably, the preparation method of lepidopterous larvae feed of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1) take in proportion wheat germ, casein, sucrose, cholesterol, mix, as A component;
(2) take in proportion Webster salt, sorbic acid, ascorbic acid, Fan Shi Cobastab, P-hydroxybenzoic acid, Choline Chloride, inositol, mix, as B component;
(3) take in proportion agar, add in proportion water, boil to boiling 2～5min, add A component, fully stir, then boil to boiling 2～5min, be cooled to 70～80 DEG C, as C component;
(4) C component and B component are mixed, stir and be placed in incubator condensation and get final product, at 2-6 DEG C, preserve.
Wherein, described in described step (4), the top cover of incubator is provided with aperture; Preferably, the quantity of described aperture is 20～50; Preferably, the diameter≤1mm of described aperture.
The feed that the present invention also provides the preparation method of described lepidopterous larvae feed to prepare
Preferably, described lepidopterous larvae is fall webworms larva, Lymantria dispar larvae or Spodoptera litura larvae.
Lepidopterous larvae feed nutrition provided by the invention is comprehensive, and ratio is reasonable, and feeding effect is stable, practical, can make multiple lepidopterous insects complete whole preimaginal growing; The required raw material of preparation method of lepidopterous larvae feed of the present invention are easy to get, and prepare easyly, use a kind of formula to realize the artificial feeding of various insects, have greatly saved manpower and materials.
Detailed description of the invention
Referring to specific embodiment, the present invention is described.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these embodiment are only for the present invention is described, the scope that it does not limit the present invention in any way.
Experimental technique in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is conventional method.
embodiment 1
Utilize the preparation method of lepidopterous larvae feed of the present invention, preparation 1000g man-made feeds, each weight percentages of components is as follows:
Wheat germ 12%, sucrose 2%, casein 4.5%, agar 1.5%, Choline Chloride 0.05%, Webster salt 1%, sorbic acid 0.4%, P-hydroxybenzoic acid 0.25%, ascorbic acid 0.5%, Fan Shi Cobastab 0.003%, cholesterol 0.1%, inositol 0.035%, water 77.7%.
Wherein the preparation method of Webster salt and usage are as follows: take KCl120g, CuSO
40.39g, KI0.05g, MnSO
40.2g, NaCl105g, MgSO
490g, NaF0.57g, K
2al (SO
4)
2h
2o0.09g, KH
2pO
431g, is dissolved in 2L water, is designated as composition a; By CaCO
310.5g, Fe
3(PO
4)
3h
2o1.044g, Ca (PO
4) 7.45g pulverize, pack in wide-mouth bottle, be designated as composition b; 1g Webster salt need add 2mL composition a and 0.38g composition b.
Preparation method and the usage of Fan Shi Cobastab are as follows: take riboflavin 0.5g, folic acid 0.25g, put into small beaker, add 50ml distilled water, stir with glass bar, then add KOH solution to the riboflavin and folic acid of 1mol/L to dissolve completely, and it is transparent to be stirred to solution, then add niacinamide 1g, calcium pantothenate 1g, thiamine hydrochloride 0.25g, puridoxine hydrochloride 0.25g, biotin 0.02g, cobalamin 0.002g, be settled to 100mL with distilled water, 0.003g Fan Shi Cobastab needs the solution of the above-mentioned configuration of 100 μ L.
The preparation method of lepidopterous larvae feed of the present invention is:
Take in proportion wheat germ, casein, sucrose, cholesterol, put into container and mix, be designated as A component; Take in proportion Webster salt, sorbic acid, ascorbic acid, Fan Shi Cobastab, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, Choline Chloride, inositol, mix, be designated as B component.Take in proportion agar and put into distilled water and boil after 2-5min, add A component, fully stir, again boil 2-5min, be cooled to 70-80 DEG C, add B component, stir, after pour 4 ounces of jelly cup (base diameter 5cm into, top diameter 6.4cm, high 4cm) in, be laid in bottom, thickness is about 3～8mm, puts into 4 DEG C of Refrigerator stores after condensation.
On the lid of jelly cup with the aperture that 20-50 diameter of pin puncture the is no more than 1mm passage of doing, with the jelly cup with feed as incubator, raising fall webworms hyphantria cunea (Drury).
After the variable color of fall webworms pieces of an egg, the formalin that is 10% by concentration is soaked 1h, rinses to dry to be placed on feed of the present invention surface, treats its hatching.Raising container is put into growth cabinet, light application time 16L: 10D, 25 DEG C of temperature, humidity 70～80%.In feeding process, change in time feed depending on feed situation and larval feeding situation.For avoiding the pollution of ight soil to feed, after 2 ages, container is inverted and is raised.Fall webworms were not generally changed feed before 3 ages; In the time changing feed, can utilize fall webworms low instar larvae to be gathered in the habit taking food in net curtain, larva is shifted together with net curtain.
The laying coop preparation of insect: place the absorbent cotton that is soaked with 10% hydromel within volume is about the crisper of 3L, crisper surrounding, respectively makes the square louver(-vre) of a length of side 3cm, and be with blank sheet of paper in inner side of 80 order fly nets.
Lepidopterous larvae feed of the present invention, the phase of on average going through of raising fall webworms larva is 26.24 days, and the average pupa of female worm weighs 0.179 gram, and the average pupa of male worm weighs 0.127 gram, percentage of pupation 90.7%, eclosion rate 80.3%.
embodiment 2
Described in the present embodiment, the preparation method of feed is with embodiment 1.
With lepidopterous larvae feed raising gypsymoth Lymantria dispar of the present invention (L.).
Gypsymoth pieces of an egg are put into 4 DEG C of refrigerators and process about 4 months, abolish diapause.After hatching, larva is transferred in the raising container that lepidopterous larvae feed of the present invention is housed, raising container is put into growth cabinet, duration of day 16h, 25 DEG C of temperature, humidity 70～80%.In feeding process, change in time feed depending on feed situation and larval feeding situation.For avoiding the pollution of ight soil to feed, gypsymoth is inverted container to raise after 2 ages.Changing when feed, low instar larvae carefully shifts with banister brush, after 3 ages of gypsymoth, shifts with tweezers.The making of laying coop is with embodiment 1.
Lepidopterous larvae feed of the present invention, the phase of on average going through of raising Lymantria dispar larvae is 40.31 days, and the average pupa of female worm weighs 1.71 grams, and the average pupa of male worm weighs 0.54 gram, percentage of pupation 96.2%, eclosion rate 100%.
embodiment 3
Described in the present embodiment, the preparation method of feed is with embodiment 1.
With lepidopterous larvae feed raising prodenia litura Prodenia litura of the present invention (Fabricius).
After the pieces of an egg variable color of prodenia litura, be that 10% formalin is soaked 1h by concentration, rinse to dry to be placed on feed surface and to treat its hatching.Raising container is put into growth cabinet, duration of day 16h, 25 DEG C of temperature, humidity 70～80%.In feeding process, change in time feed depending on feed situation and larval feeding situation.Spodoptera litura larvae climbing ability, the raising of not turn-overing.In the time changing feed, prodenia litura low instar larvae carefully shifts with banister brush, after 3 ages, shifts with tweezers.The making of laying coop is with embodiment 1.
Lepidopterous larvae feed of the present invention, the phase of on average going through of raising Spodoptera litura larvae is 26.09 days, and the average pupa of female worm weighs 0.377 gram, and the average pupa of male worm weighs 0.283 gram, percentage of pupation 77.6%, eclosion rate 78.5%.
Specific description of embodiments of the present invention above does not limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make according to the present invention various changes or distortion, only otherwise depart from spirit of the present invention, all should belong to the scope of claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a Species of Lepidopterous Larvae feed, is characterized in that, according to the mass fraction, described man-made feeds comprise:
12～15 parts of wheat germs, 1～2 part of sucrose, 3.5～5.5 parts of caseins, 1.5～1.8 parts, agar, 0.05～0.1 part of Choline Chloride, 0.5～1 part of Webster salt, 0.3～0.5 part of sorbic acid, 0.2～0.3 part of P-hydroxybenzoic acid, 0.5～1 part, ascorbic acid, 0.003～0.005 part of Fan Shi Cobastab, 0.05～0.15 part, cholesterol, 0.02～0.05 part of inositol, 72～81 parts, water;
Preferably, according to the mass fraction, described man-made feeds comprise:
12 parts of wheat germs, 2 parts of sucrose, 4.5 parts of caseins, 1.5 parts, agar, 0.05 part of Choline Chloride, 1 part of Webster salt, 0.4 part of sorbic acid, 0.25 part of P-hydroxybenzoic acid, 0.5 part, ascorbic acid, 0.003 part of Fan Shi Cobastab, 0.1 part, cholesterol, 0.035 part of inositol, 77.7 parts, water;
Preferably, according to the mass fraction, described Webster salt consist of KCl120 part, CuSO
40.39 part, KI0.05 part, MnSO
40.2 part, NaCl105 part, MgSO
490 parts, NaF0.57 part, K
2al (SO
4)
2h
2o0.09 part, KH
2pO
431 parts, CaCO
310.5 parts, Fe
3(PO
4)
3h
2o1.044 part, Ca
3(PO
4)
27.45 parts and water;
Preferably, according to the mass fraction, described Fan Shi Cobastab consist of that 0.5 part, riboflavin, 0.25 part, folic acid, 1mol/LKOH solution to riboflavin and folic acid dissolve completely, 1 part of niacinamide, 1 part of calcium pantothenate, 0.25 part of thiamine hydrochloride, 0.25 part of puridoxine hydrochloride, 0.02 part of biotin, Cobastab
120.002 part and water, wherein solid-to-liquid ratio is 0.03g/mL.
2. lepidopterous larvae feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described lepidopterous larvae is fall webworms larva, Lymantria dispar larvae or Spodoptera litura larvae.
3. the preparation method of lepidopterous larvae feed according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) take in proportion wheat germ, casein, sucrose, cholesterol, mix, as A component;
(2) take in proportion Webster salt, sorbic acid, ascorbic acid, Fan Shi Cobastab, P-hydroxybenzoic acid, Choline Chloride, inositol, mix, as B component;
(3) take in proportion agar, add in proportion water, boil to boiling, add A component, then boil to boiling, be cooled to 70～80 DEG C, as C component;
(4) C component and B component are mixed, condensation, to obtain final product.
4. the preparation method of lepidopterous larvae feed according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the boiling time in described step (3) is 2～5min.
5. according to the preparation method of the lepidopterous larvae feed described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that, described in described step (2), the preparation method of Webster salt comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the mass fraction, by KCl120 part, CuSO
40.39 part, KI0.05 part, MnSO
40.2 part, NaCl105 part, MgSO
490 parts, NaF0.57 part, K
2al (SO
4)
2h
2o0.09 part, KH
2pO
431 parts water-soluble, and solid-to-liquid ratio is 0.17g/mL, as composition a;
(2) according to the mass fraction, by CaCO
310.5 parts, Fe
3(PO
4)
3h
2o1.044 part, Ca
3(PO
4)
27.45 parts of mixing, pulverize, as composition b;
(3) composition a and composition b are mixed, to obtain final product.
6. according to the preparation method of the lepidopterous larvae feed described in any one in claim 3 to 5, it is characterized in that, described in described step (2), the preparation method of Fan Shi Cobastab comprises the following steps: according to the mass fraction, by 0.5 part, riboflavin, 0.25 part, folic acid is water-soluble, solid-to-liquid ratio is 0.015g/mL, then add KOH solution to the riboflavin and folic acid of 1mol/L to dissolve completely, add again 1 part of niacinamide, 1 part of calcium pantothenate, 0.25 part of thiamine hydrochloride, 0.25 part of puridoxine hydrochloride, 0.02 part of biotin, 0.002 part of cobalamin, constant volume adds water, solid-to-liquid ratio is 0.03g/mL.
7. according to the preparation method of the lepidopterous larvae feed described in any one in claim 3 to 6, it is characterized in that, described preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) take in proportion wheat germ, casein, sucrose, cholesterol, mix, as A component;
(2) take in proportion Webster salt, sorbic acid, ascorbic acid, Fan Shi Cobastab, P-hydroxybenzoic acid, Choline Chloride, inositol, mix, as B component;
(3) take in proportion agar, add in proportion water, boil to boiling 2～5min, add A component, fully stir, then boil to boiling 2～5min, be cooled to 70～80 DEG C, as C component;
(4) C component and B component are mixed, stir and be placed in incubator condensation and get final product, at 2-6 DEG C, preserve, be preferably 4 DEG C.
8. the preparation method of lepidopterous larvae feed according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described in described step (4), the top cover of incubator is provided with aperture;
Preferably, the quantity of described aperture is 20～50;
Preferably, the diameter≤1mm of described aperture.
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