CN103947874B - A kind of lepidopteran insect larvae feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of lepidopteran insect larvae feed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides Species of Lepidopterous Larvae feed and its production and use.According to the mass fraction, described feed comprises: wheat germ 12 ~ 15 parts, sucrose 1 ~ 2 part, casein 3.5 ~ 5.5 parts, 1.5 ~ 1.8 parts, agar, Choline Chloride 0.05 ~ 0.1 part, Webster salt 0.5 ~ 1 part, sorbic acid 0.3 ~ 0.5 part, P-hydroxybenzoic acid 0.2 ~ 0.3 part, 0.5 ~ 1 part, ascorbic acid, Fan Shi Cobastab 0.003 ~ 0.005 part, 0.05 ~ 0.15 part, cholesterol, inositol 0.02 ~ 0.05 part, 72 ~ 81 parts, water.Lepidopterous larvae feed nutrition prepared by the present invention is comprehensive, and ratio is reasonable, and feeding effect is stablized, and multiple lepidopterous insects can be made to complete whole preimaginally to grow.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to insect and raise field, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of lepidopteran insect larvae feed and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Many lepidopterous insects are important agriculture and forestry injurious insects, for the basic research of these insects, chemical prevention and the exploitation of biological prevention and the production of biological pesticide all need large batch of, grow consistent lepidopterous insects as test material.Therefore, the artificial feeding of lepidopterous insects is the important foundation of entomology research and agriculture and forestry injurious insect control, and has great Economic Importance.
Lepidopterous larvae man-made feeds not only can solve the seasonality shortage of natural foodstuff, and are easy to management, and can obtain growing neat, that physiological standard is consistent a large amount of worm sources.At present, feed formula and the method for breeding of multiple agriculture and forestry injurious insect and economic insects is successfully developed:
1, " man-made feeds of insect, mite class, spider ", Xin is situated between six, Su Deming, Science Press, 1979;
2, " insect artificial diet's handbook ", Wang Yannian, Shanghai science tech publishing house, 1984;
3、“Handbookofinsectrearing”，SinghandMoore，1985。
Research shows, the nutritional labeling required for insect grows is roughly the same, and just the ratio of the nutrition of different insects needs has different (Wang Yannian, insect artificial diet's handbook, Shanghai science tech publishing house, 1984; Fang Jie etc., insect artificial diet's formulating overview and Research on Problems, Sichuan Forestry science and technology, 2003).
Polyphagy insect due to natural foodstuff scope wide, comparatively loose to the requirement of feed, what have has multiple feed formula, and these feed formulas can break away from host plant or its extract (Wang Yannian mostly, insect artificial diet's handbook, Shanghai science tech publishing house, 1984; Chen Qijin, Li Guanghong, Pang Yi, raise a kind of Easy manual's feed of five kinds of noctuids, insect knowledge, 2000; Jiang Surong, Fu Fengling, several meridic diet raises the effect of mythimna separata, Sichuan Agricultural University's journal, 2004; Mao Jianping, Gu Weiwei, Pu hat are diligent, DIFFERENT FEED on the impact of prodenia litura breeding achievement, Sericulture of China, 2008).
In view of the above feature of polyphagy insect artificial diet, make to become possibility for various insects designs a kind of general man-made feeds, this is for the research and development unit and the manufacturing enterprise that need mass rearing various insects simultaneously, by the cost that the workload and insect that greatly reduce feed formulation are raised.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide Species of Lepidopterous Larvae feed and preparation method thereof.Lepidopterous larvae feed nutrition provided by the invention is comprehensive, and ratio is reasonable, and feeding effect is stablized, and can ensure that multiple lepidopterous insects completes whole preimaginally to grow.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
One Species of Lepidopterous Larvae feed, according to the mass fraction, it comprises:
Wheat germ 12 ~ 15 parts, sucrose 1 ~ 2 part, casein 3.5 ~ 5.5 parts, 1.5 ~ 1.8 parts, agar, Choline Chloride 0.05 ~ 0.1 part, Webster salt 0.5 ~ 1 part, sorbic acid 0.3 ~ 0.5 part, P-hydroxybenzoic acid 0.2 ~ 0.3 part, 0.5 ~ 1 part, ascorbic acid, Fan Shi Cobastab 0.003 ~ 0.005 part, 0.05 ~ 0.15 part, cholesterol, inositol 0.02 ~ 0.05 part, 72 ~ 81 parts, water;
Preferably, according to the mass fraction, described feed comprises:
Wheat germ 12 parts, sucrose 2 parts, casein 4.5 parts, 1.5 parts, agar, Choline Chloride 0.05 part, Webster salt 1 part, sorbic acid 0.4 part, P-hydroxybenzoic acid 0.25 part, 0.5 part, ascorbic acid, Fan Shi Cobastab 0.003 part, 0.1 part, cholesterol, inositol 0.035 part, 77.7 parts, water.
Preferably, according to the mass fraction, described Webster salt consist of KCl120 part, CuSO
40.39 part, KI0.05 part, MnSO
40.2 part, NaCl105 part, MgSO
490 parts, NaF0.57 part, K
2al (SO
4)
2h
2o0.09 part, KH
2pO
431 parts, CaCO
3210 parts, Fe
3(PO
4)
3h
2o20.88 part, Ca
3(PO
4)
2149 parts.
Preferably, according to the mass fraction, described Fan Shi Cobastab consist of 0.5 part, riboflavin, 0.25 part, folic acid, 1mol/LKOH to riboflavin and folic acid dissolve completely, niacinamide 1 part, calcium pantothenate 1 part, thiamine hydrochloride 0.25 part, puridoxine hydrochloride 0.25 part, biotin 0.02 part, vitamin B12 0.002 part and water, wherein solid-to-liquid ratio is 0.03g/mL.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of described lepidopterous larvae feed, this preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) take wheat germ, casein, sucrose, cholesterol in proportion, mix, as component A;
(2) take Webster salt, sorbic acid, ascorbic acid, Fan Shi Cobastab, P-hydroxybenzoic acid, Choline Chloride, inositol in proportion, mix, as B component;
(3) take agar in proportion, add water in proportion, boil to boiling, add component A, then boil to boiling, be cooled to 70 ~ 80 DEG C, as component C;
(4) by component C and B component mixing, condensation, to obtain final product.
Wherein, the boiling time in described step (3) is 2 ~ 5min.
Wherein, the preparation method of described Webster salt comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the mass fraction, by KCl120 part, CuSO
40.39 part, KI0.05 part, MnSO
40.2 part, NaCl105 part, MgSO
490 parts, NaF0.57 part, K
2al (SO
4)
2h
2o0.09 part, KH
2pO
431 parts water-soluble, and solid-to-liquid ratio is 0.17g/mL, as composition a;
(2) according to the mass fraction, by CaCO
310.5 parts, Fe
3(PO
4)
3h
2o1.044 part, Ca
3(PO
4)
27.45 parts of mixing, to pulverize, as composition b;
(3) composition a and composition b is mixed, to obtain final product.
Wherein, the preparation method of described Fan Shi Cobastab comprises the following steps: according to the mass fraction, by 0.5 part, riboflavin, the mixing of 0.25 part, folic acid, adding water makes solid-to-liquid ratio be 0.015g/mL, then the KOH solution adding 1mol/L is dissolved completely to riboflavin and folic acid, add niacinamide 1 part, calcium pantothenate 1 part, thiamine hydrochloride 0.25 part, puridoxine hydrochloride 0.25 part, biotin 0.02 part, vitamin B12 0.002 part again, add water constant volume, and solid-to-liquid ratio is 0.03g/mL.
Preferably, the preparation method of lepidopterous larvae feed of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1) take wheat germ, casein, sucrose, cholesterol in proportion, mix, as component A;
(2) take Webster salt, sorbic acid, ascorbic acid, Fan Shi Cobastab, P-hydroxybenzoic acid, Choline Chloride, inositol in proportion, mix, as B component;
(3) take agar in proportion, add water in proportion, boil to boiling 2 ~ 5min, add component A, fully stir, then boil to boiling 2 ~ 5min, be cooled to 70 ~ 80 DEG C, as component C;
(4) by component C and B component mixing, stir and to be placed in incubator condensation and to get final product, preserve at 2-6 DEG C.
Wherein, described in described step (4), the top cover of incubator is provided with aperture; Preferably, the quantity of described aperture is 20 ~ 50; Preferably, the diameter≤1mm of described aperture.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of described lepidopterous larvae feed the feed prepared
Preferably, described lepidopterous larvae is fall webworms larva, Lymantria dispar larvae or Spodoptera litura larvae.
Lepidopterous larvae feed nutrition provided by the invention is comprehensive, and ratio is reasonable, and feeding effect is stablized, practical, and multiple lepidopterous insects can be made to complete whole preimaginally to grow; The raw material needed for preparation method of lepidopterous larvae feed of the present invention are easy to get, and prepare easy, use a kind of formula to realize the artificial feeding of various insects, greatly save manpower and materials.
Detailed description of the invention
Referring to specific embodiment, the present invention is described.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for illustration of the present invention, its scope do not limited the present invention in any way.
Experimental technique in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is conventional method.
embodiment 1
Utilize the preparation method of lepidopterous larvae feed of the present invention, preparation 1000g man-made feeds, each weight percentages of components is as follows:
Wheat germ 12%, sucrose 2%, casein 4.5%, agar 1.5%, Choline Chloride 0.05%, Webster salt 1%, sorbic acid 0.4%, P-hydroxybenzoic acid 0.25%, ascorbic acid 0.5%, Fan Shi Cobastab 0.003%, cholesterol 0.1%, inositol 0.035%, water 77.7%.
Wherein the preparation method of Webster salt and usage as follows: take KCl120g, CuSO
40.39g, KI0.05g, MnSO
40.2g, NaCl105g, MgSO
490g, NaF0.57g, K
2al (SO
4)
2h
2o0.09g, KH
2pO
431g, is dissolved in 2L water, is designated as composition a; By CaCO
310.5g, Fe
3(PO
4)
3h
2o1.044g, Ca (PO
4) 7.45g pulverize, load in wide-mouth bottle, be designated as composition b; 1g Webster salt need add 2mL composition a and 0.38g composition b.
Preparation method and the usage of Fan Shi Cobastab are as follows: take riboflavin 0.5g, folic acid 0.25g, put into small beaker, add 50ml distilled water, stir with glass bar, then the KOH solution adding 1mol/L is dissolved completely to riboflavin and folic acid, and it is transparent to be stirred to solution, then add niacinamide 1g, calcium pantothenate 1g, thiamine hydrochloride 0.25g, puridoxine hydrochloride 0.25g, biotin 0.02g, vitamin B12 0.002g, be settled to 100mL with distilled water, namely 0.003g Fan Shi Cobastab needs the solution of the above-mentioned configuration of 100 μ L.
The preparation method of lepidopterous larvae feed of the present invention is:
Take wheat germ, casein, sucrose, cholesterol in proportion, put into container and mix, be designated as component A; Take Webster salt, sorbic acid, ascorbic acid, Fan Shi Cobastab, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, Choline Chloride, inositol in proportion, mix, be designated as B component.Taking agar in proportion puts into after distilled water boils 2-5min, adds component A, fully stirs, again boil 2-5min, be cooled to 70-80 DEG C, add B component, stir, after pour 4 ounces of jelly cup (base diameter 5cm into, top diameter 6.4cm, high 4cm) in, be laid in bottom, thickness is about 3 ~ 8mm, puts into 4 DEG C of Refrigerator stores after condensation.
The lid of jelly cup to be done passage with the aperture that pin puncture 20-50 diameter is no more than 1mm, with the jelly cup with feed as incubator, raising fall webworms hyphantriacunea (Drury).
After the variable color of fall webworms pieces of an egg, soak 1h by the formalin that concentration is 10%, flushing is dried and is placed on feed surface of the present invention, treats that it is hatched.Raising container is put into growth cabinet, light application time 16L: 10D, temperature 25 DEG C, humidity 70 ~ 80%.In feeding process, change feed in time depending on feed situation and larval feeding situation.For avoiding ight soil to the pollution of feed, after 2 ages, container upside down is raised.Fall webworms did not generally change feed before 3 ages; When changing feed, fall webworms low instar larvae can be utilized to be gathered in the habit taken food in net curtain, larva is shifted together with net curtain.
The laying coop preparation of insect: place the absorbent cotton being soaked with 10% hydromel in the crisper that volume is about 3L, crisper surrounding, respectively makes the square louver(-vre) of a length of side 3cm, and be with blank sheet of paper in inner side of 80 order fly nets.
Lepidopterous larvae feed of the present invention, the phase of on average going through of raising fall webworms larva is 26.24 days, and the average pupa of female worm weighs 0.179 gram, and the average pupa of male worm weighs 0.127 gram, percentage of pupation 90.7%, eclosion rate 80.3%.
embodiment 2
The preparation method of feed described in the present embodiment is with embodiment 1.
With lepidopterous larvae diet gypsymoth Lymantriadispar (L.) of the present invention.
Gypsymoth pieces of an egg are put into 4 DEG C of refrigerator process about 4 months, abolish diapause.After hatching, larva is transferred in the raising container that lepidopterous larvae feed of the present invention is housed, raising container is put into growth cabinet, duration of day 16h, temperature 25 DEG C, humidity 70 ~ 80%.In feeding process, change feed in time depending on feed situation and larval feeding situation.For avoiding ight soil to the pollution of feed, container upside down is raised after age by gypsymoth 2.When changing feed, low instar larvae banister brush carefully shifts, and gypsymoth 3 shifts with tweezers after age.The making of laying coop is with embodiment 1.
Lepidopterous larvae feed of the present invention, the phase of on average going through of raising Lymantria dispar larvae is 40.31 days, and the average pupa of female worm weighs 1.71 grams, and the average pupa of male worm weighs 0.54 gram, percentage of pupation 96.2%, eclosion rate 100%.
embodiment 3
The preparation method of feed described in the present embodiment is with embodiment 1.
With lepidopterous larvae diet prodenia litura Prodenialitura (Fabricius) of the present invention.
After the pieces of an egg variable color of prodenia litura, be that 10% formalin soaks 1h by concentration, rinse to dry to be placed on feed surface and to treat that it is hatched.Raising container is put into growth cabinet, duration of day 16h, temperature 25 DEG C, humidity 70 ~ 80%.In feeding process, change feed in time depending on feed situation and larval feeding situation.Spodoptera litura larvae climbing ability, raising of not turn-overing.When changing feed, prodenia litura low instar larvae banister brush carefully shifts, and shifts after 3 ages with tweezers.The making of laying coop is with embodiment 1.
Lepidopterous larvae feed of the present invention, the phase of on average going through of raising Spodoptera litura larvae is 26.09 days, and the average pupa of female worm weighs 0.377 gram, and the average pupa of male worm weighs 0.283 gram, percentage of pupation 77.6%, eclosion rate 78.5%.
Specific description of embodiments of the present invention does not above limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various change or distortion according to the present invention, only otherwise depart from spirit of the present invention, all should belong to the scope of claims of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a Species of Lepidopterous Larvae feed, is characterized in that, according to the mass fraction, described feed comprises:
Wheat germ 12 ~ 15 parts, sucrose 1 ~ 2 part, casein 3.5 ~ 5.5 parts, 1.5 ~ 1.8 parts, agar, Choline Chloride 0.05 ~ 0.1 part, Webster salt 0.5 ~ 1 part, sorbic acid 0.3 ~ 0.5 part, P-hydroxybenzoic acid 0.2 ~ 0.3 part, 0.5 ~ 1 part, ascorbic acid, Fan Shi Cobastab 0.003 ~ 0.005 part, 0.05 ~ 0.15 part, cholesterol, inositol 0.02 ~ 0.05 part, 72 ~ 81 parts, water;
Wherein, according to the mass fraction, described Webster salt consist of KCl120 part, CuSO
40.39 part, KI0.05 part, MnSO
40.2 part, NaCl105 part, MgSO
490 parts, NaF0.57 part, K
2al (SO
4)
2h
2o0.09 part, KH
2pO
431 parts, CaCO
310.5 parts, Fe
3(PO
4)
3h
2o1.044 part, Ca
3(PO
4)
27.45 parts and water;
According to the mass fraction, described Fan Shi Cobastab consist of 0.5 part, riboflavin, 0.25 part, folic acid, 1mol/LKOH solution to riboflavin and folic acid dissolve completely, niacinamide 1 part, calcium pantothenate 1 part, thiamine hydrochloride 0.25 part, puridoxine hydrochloride 0.25 part, biotin 0.02 part, Cobastab
120.002 part and water, wherein solid-to-liquid ratio is 0.03g/mL.
2. lepidopterous larvae feed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, according to the mass fraction, described feed comprises: wheat germ 12 parts, sucrose 2 parts, casein 4.5 parts, 1.5 parts, agar, Choline Chloride 0.05 part, Webster salt 1 part, sorbic acid 0.4 part, P-hydroxybenzoic acid 0.25 part, 0.5 part, ascorbic acid, Fan Shi Cobastab 0.003 part, 0.1 part, cholesterol, inositol 0.035 part, 77.7 parts, water.
3. lepidopterous larvae feed according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described lepidopterous larvae is fall webworms larva, Lymantria dispar larvae or Spodoptera litura larvae.
4. the preparation method of lepidopterous larvae feed according to any one of claim 1 to 3, is characterized in that, described preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) take wheat germ, casein, sucrose, cholesterol in proportion, mix, as component A;
(2) take Webster salt, sorbic acid, ascorbic acid, Fan Shi Cobastab, P-hydroxybenzoic acid, Choline Chloride, inositol in proportion, mix, as B component;
(3) take agar in proportion, add water in proportion, boil to boiling, add component A, then boil to boiling, be cooled to 70 ~ 80 DEG C, as component C;
(4) by component C and B component mixing, condensation, to obtain final product.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the boiling time in described step (3) is 2 ~ 5min.
6. the preparation method according to claim 4 or 5, is characterized in that, described in described step (2), the preparation method of Webster salt comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the mass fraction, by KCl120 part, CuSO
40.39 part, KI0.05 part, MnSO
40.2 part, NaCl105 part, MgSO
490 parts, NaF0.57 part, K
2al (SO
4)
2h
2o0.09 part, KH
2pO
431 parts water-soluble, and solid-to-liquid ratio is 0.17g/mL, as composition a;
(2) according to the mass fraction, by CaCO
310.5 parts, Fe
3(PO
4)
3h
2o1.044 part, Ca
3(PO
4)
27.45 parts of mixing, to pulverize, as composition b;
(3) composition a and composition b is mixed, to obtain final product.
7. the preparation method according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that, described in described step (2), the preparation method of Fan Shi Cobastab comprises the following steps: according to the mass fraction, 0.5 part, riboflavin, 0.25 part, folic acid is water-soluble, solid-to-liquid ratio is 0.015g/mL, then the KOH solution adding 1mol/L is dissolved completely to riboflavin and folic acid, add niacinamide 1 part, calcium pantothenate 1 part, thiamine hydrochloride 0.25 part, puridoxine hydrochloride 0.25 part, biotin 0.02 part, vitamin B12 0.002 part again, add water constant volume, and solid-to-liquid ratio is 0.03g/mL.
8. the preparation method according to claim 4 or 5, is characterized in that, described preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) take wheat germ, casein, sucrose, cholesterol in proportion, mix, as component A;
(2) take Webster salt, sorbic acid, ascorbic acid, Fan Shi Cobastab, P-hydroxybenzoic acid, Choline Chloride, inositol in proportion, mix, as B component;
(3) take agar in proportion, add water in proportion, boil to boiling 2 ~ 5min, add component A, fully stir, then boil to boiling 2 ~ 5min, be cooled to 70 ~ 80 DEG C, as component C;
(4) by component C and B component mixing, stir and to be placed in incubator condensation and to get final product, preserve at 2-6 DEG C.
9. preparation method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, in described step (4), by component C and B component mixing, stirs and to be placed in incubator condensation and to get final product, preserve at 4 DEG C.
10. preparation method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described in described step (4), the top cover of incubator is provided with aperture.
11. preparation methods according to claim 10, is characterized in that, in described step (4), the quantity of described aperture is 20 ~ 50.
12. preparation methods according to claim 10, is characterized in that, in described step (4), and the diameter≤1mm of described aperture.
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