CN105124220B - Semi-synthetic artificial feed for mango horizontal line tail noctuid larvae and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Semi-synthetic artificial feed for mango horizontal line tail noctuid larvae and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological control of fruit tree pests, and discloses a semi-artificial feed for mango lateral noctuid larvae and a preparation method thereof.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological control of fruit tree pests, and particularly relates to a semi-synthetic artificial feed for mango transverse-line noctuid larvae and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Mango lateral line noctuidChlumetia transversa) Commonly known as noctuid and borer, belong to the family noctuidae of the order lepidoptera. The mango tree is mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan, Fujian, Taiwan and other provinces in China, and the mango producing areas such as Thailand and India are widely distributed in foreign countries. Due to the high economic value of mangoes, a large amount of mangoes are planted in recent years. The young fruit moths of the mango cross-tail noctuid eat the young shoots and flower ears of the mangoes to cause the young shoots to die, the tops of inflorescences to cluster or die, and the normal growth, development and yield of fruit trees are influenced. According to preliminary investigation, the tender shoot damage rate is more than 35%, and the flower spike damage rate is more than 25% (Helin, poplar immortal. 2003. occurrence and control of mango cross-thread noctuid. plant protection, 29 (2): 43-44.). At present, the control of the insect basically depends on pesticide (Chenyongsen, Huang-nationality, Muyonglong, etc. 2009. four pesticide efficacy tests for controlling mango lateral tail moths. Guangxi agricultural science, 40 (10): 1312, 1314, Pengzheng, Handongyun, Yiyuanguan, etc. 2008. mango pest control technical specification, Beijing: Chinese agricultural press, 1-12., Chenghouyuan, Lishao, Gaoyiping, etc. 2001. nuisanceless food mango production technical specification, Beijing: Chinese agricultural press, 99-106, Gaokuanfeng, Xiaoliwei, Huangmuing, etc. 2000. Baichongjing efficacy test for controlling lateral tail moths of mango fruits, China southern fruit trees, 29 (4): 37-37.), the environment is polluted, the pesticide residue in fruits exceeds the standard, and the health of people is seriously influenced; but also easily causes resistance to drugs. Because the mango cross-thread noctuid belongs to boring insects, a series of problems caused by the piercing insects cannot be fundamentally solved by the traditional chemical control.
At present, research on mango lateral tail spodoptera littoralis mainly focuses on relevant researches on non-chemical prevention and control means such as insect-resistant variety breeding, sex pheromone and the like. Therefore, in the screening process of natural active compounds for mango lateral tail noctuids (Tiankujun, Chenxiangxin, Weihui, etc.. 2012. volatile substances in different parts of mangos and lateral tail noctuids react with the antennal potentials of the mangos. the biological safety report 21 (2): 142-. Most of the traditional indoor feeding is natural mango tender tips or tender leaves and the like
The hosts are bred, and the natural feed is easy to rot and deteriorate, so that the test insects are easy to infect pathogenic bacteria, the insect source bred indoors is limited by seasonality, and the natural hosts must be frequently replaced, which wastes time and labor. Therefore, the scale of raising the mango lateral noctuid is difficult to expand by adopting a natural host, and the effect of consistent insect source development is achieved, which limits the development of a plurality of subsequent research works. In view of this, the artificial feed for mango lateral line noctuid is developed and the key feeding technology thereof is searched for, so as to realize long-term large-scale subculture of the test insects, thereby providing sufficient insect sources for developing the comprehensive control technology thereof.
At present, no report related to artificial feed for mango cross-tail noctuids exists, which provides good opportunities for project research, and increases difficulty for successful development of artificial feed for mango cross-tail noctuids due to lack of experience for reference. Therefore, the repeated exploration of the feed of the noctuid is performed by the project group through the search of the literature and the research and observation of the physiological and biochemical behaviors of the noctuid transversalis across mango for many years, and the successful development of the feed of the noctuid transversalis across mango is very important for ensuring that the later scientific research is not influenced by the instability of the insect source any more.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a semi-synthetic artificial feed for mango horizontal tail noctuid larvae and a preparation method thereof. The invention overcomes the defects that mango cross-line noctuid needs to be sampled in the field and can not be bred indoors, provides a semisynthetic artificial feed which has relatively reliable formula, relatively simple breeding, relatively stable generation multiplication and easily obtained raw materials, and carries out classified breeding on the low-age (1-2-year) larvae and the high-age (3-5-year) larvae according to the development stages of the larvae, thereby well solving the defect that the prior insect sampling is limited by time and space and can not be propagated on a large scale, further deeply researching and applying the physiological and ecological characteristics and mechanism of the insect for a long time and stably, and providing necessary insect source guarantee for further researching the dual attractant of mango cross-line noctuid.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a semi-synthetic artificial feed for larvae of noctuid transversus is prepared from, by mass, 40 ~ 60 parts of pure water, 35 ~ 57 parts of a main material and 3 ~ 05 parts of an auxiliary material, wherein the main material is prepared by mixing dried tender leaves, tender tips and twigs of mangoes in a mass ratio of 2 ~ 14:5 ~ 27:0.5 ~ 31.5.5, and the auxiliary material is prepared by mixing agar, ascorbic acid, glucose, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, potassium sorbate, formaldehyde, westsela and compound vitamins in a mass ratio of 3 ~ 6:10.0 ~ 15.0:5.5 ~ 7.5.5: 5.0 ~ 10.0.0: 3.5 ~ 6.5.5: 0.1 ~ 3.2.2: 50.0 ~ 60.0:1.0 ~ 1.6.6.
In the semi-synthetic artificial feed for the mango cross-tail noctuid larvae, the contents of the main materials are correspondingly adjusted according to larvae of different ages, for 1 ~ 2-year larvae, the main materials are formed by mixing dried mango tender leaves, tender tips and tender branches according to the mass ratio of 3 ~ 4:5 ~ 5.5.5: 0.5 ~ 1, and for 3 ~ 5-year larvae, the main materials are formed by mixing dried mango tender leaves, tender tips and tender branches according to the mass ratio of 2 ~ 3:5.5 ~ 7:1 ~ 1.5.5.
The vitamin complex comprises, by mass, 28 ~ 40 parts of calcium pantothenate, 25 ~ 36 parts of nicotinic acid, 10 ~ 15 parts of riboflavin, 7 ~ 11 parts of folic acid and vitamin B16 ~ 11 parts and vitamin B68 ~ 16 parts, biotin 0.03 ~ 0.2.2 parts and vitamin B120.03 ~ 0.2.2 parts.
The preparation method of the semi-synthetic artificial feed for the mango horizontal line noctuid larvae comprises the following steps:
1) weighing dried mango tender leaves, tender tips and tender branches, crushing into powder, mixing with glucose, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and potassium sorbate, adding pure water accounting for 50wt% of the total amount of water, and stirring uniformly to obtain an X component for later use;
2) weighing agar, adding pure water accounting for 25wt% of the total amount of water, heating and stirring, and taking the agar as a Y component for later use after the agar is dissolved uniformly;
3) sterilizing X, Y components at 121.5 deg.C under 14.85MPa for 30 min;
4) weighing Wechsler salt, ascorbic acid and vitamin complex into a volumetric flask, adding pure water accounting for 25wt% of the total amount of water, dissolving and uniformly stirring to obtain a Z component for later use;
5) mixing the sterilized X, Y components and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed component, adding the Z component and stirring when the mixed component is cooled to 50-60 ℃, finally adding formaldehyde and fully stirring uniformly to obtain the semi-synthetic artificial feed for the mango horizontal line noctuid larvae, and putting the semi-synthetic artificial feed into a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for later use after the feed is solidified and molded.
The dried mango tender leaves, shoots and twigs are prepared by carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the mango tender leaves, shoots and twigs at the temperature of-15 ℃ ~ -5 ℃ until the water content is 0.5% ~ 3%.
The invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the invention takes mango tender leaves, tender tips and tender branches as main materials, and is doped with the dressing to prepare the semi-synthetic artificial feed, the feed is easy to store and good in stability, the defect that a natural feed is easy to rot and deteriorate, so that a test insect is easy to infect pathogenic bacteria is overcome, the defect that an insect source is limited seasonally is avoided, and the labor is saved; the used main materials are wide in source and low in cost, and the production cost of the feed is reduced;
(2) the main components of the semi-synthetic artificial feed are natural host raw materials, and the nutritional requirements of the whole generation of the mango transverse noctuid can be well met; the defect that the requirements of large-scale experiments cannot be met due to the fact that the mango transverse line tail moth in nature is long in generation period, concentrated in insect test sampling time and small in quantity is overcome; the indoor feeding condition is simple, the population is stable, and great convenience is provided for researching the coupling of mango lateral noctuids, observing the mating behavior rhythm and identifying sex pheromones;
(3) according to the method, a large amount of repeated research and exploration are carried out, the proportion of the main materials is correspondingly adjusted according to the development stage of mango lateral tail noctuids, aiming at the low-age (1-2-age) larvae and the high-age (3-5-age) larvae, the defect that the mango lateral tail noctuids are not easy to feed as boring pests is overcome, the nutritional requirements of the mango lateral tail noctuids in different periods of the whole generation are met, a stable insect source is provided, the continuous research and exploration are facilitated, and an important biological control means is provided for boring the lateral tail noctuids occurring in the shoot stage and the flowering stage of the fruit trees.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
A mango cross tail moth larva semi-artificial feed was prepared according to table 1:
TABLE 1 feed formulation ingredients and proportions (1 ~ 2 instar larvae)
The preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) weighing dried mango tender leaves, tender tips and tender branches, crushing into powder, mixing with glucose, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and potassium sorbate, adding 200g of pure water, and stirring uniformly to serve as an X component for later use;
(2) weighing solid agar, adding 100g of pure water, heating and stirring, and taking the agar as a Y component for later use after the agar is dissolved uniformly;
(3) sterilizing X, Y components at 121 deg.C under 14.38MPa for 30 min;
(4) weighing Wechsler salt, ascorbic acid and vitamin complex in a volumetric flask, adding 100g of pure water, dissolving and uniformly stirring to obtain a Z component for later use;
(5) mixing the sterilized X, Y components and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed component, adding the Z component and stirring when the mixed component is cooled to 50 ℃, finally adding formaldehyde and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain the semi-synthetic artificial feed for the mango cross-thread noctuid larvae, and putting the semi-synthetic artificial feed into a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for later use after the feed is solidified and molded.
Example 2
Semi-artificial feed for mango horizontal tail noctuid larvae was prepared as in table 2:
TABLE 2 feed formulation components and proportions (1 ~ 2 instar larvae)
The preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) weighing dried mango tender leaves, tender tips and tender branches, crushing into powder, mixing with glucose, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and potassium sorbate, adding 300g of pure water, and uniformly stirring to serve as an X component for later use;
(2) weighing solid agar, adding 150g of pure water, heating and stirring, and taking the agar as a Y component for later use after the agar is dissolved uniformly;
(3) sterilizing X, Y components at 121 deg.C under 14.38MPa for 30 min;
(4) weighing Wechsler salt, ascorbic acid and vitamin complex into a volumetric flask, adding 150g of pure water, dissolving and uniformly stirring to obtain a Z component for later use;
(5) mixing the sterilized X, Y components and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed component, adding the Z component and stirring when the mixed component is cooled to 55 ℃, finally adding formaldehyde and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain the semi-synthetic artificial feed for the mango cross-thread noctuid larvae, and putting the semi-synthetic artificial feed into a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for later use after the feed is solidified and molded.
Example 3
Semi-artificial feed for mango cross tail moth larvae was prepared as in table 3:
TABLE 3 feed formulation ingredients and proportions (3 ~ 5 instar larvae)
The preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) weighing dried mango tender leaves, tender tips and tender branches, crushing into powder, mixing with glucose, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and potassium sorbate, adding 250g of pure water, and stirring uniformly to serve as an X component for later use;
(2) weighing solid agar, adding 125g of pure water, heating and stirring, and taking the agar as a Y component for later use after the agar is dissolved uniformly;
(3) sterilizing X, Y components at 121 deg.C under 14.38MPa for 30 min;
(4) weighing Wechsler salt, ascorbic acid and vitamin complex in a volumetric flask, adding 125g of pure water, dissolving and uniformly stirring to obtain a Z component for later use;
(5) mixing the sterilized X, Y components and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed component, adding the Z component and stirring when the mixed component is cooled to 60 ℃, finally adding formaldehyde and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain the semi-synthetic artificial feed for the mango cross-thread noctuid larvae, and putting the semi-synthetic artificial feed into a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for later use after the feed is solidified and molded.
Example 4
Semi-artificial feed for mango cross tail moth larvae was prepared as in table 4:
TABLE 4 feed formulation ingredients and proportions (3 ~ 5 instar larvae)
The preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) weighing mango tender leaves, tender tips and tender branches, crushing into powder, mixing with glucose, yeast powder, methylparaben and potassium sorbate, adding 270g of pure water, and uniformly stirring to serve as an X component for later use;
(2) weighing solid agar, adding 135g of pure water, heating and stirring, and taking the agar as a Y component for later use after the agar is dissolved uniformly;
(3) sterilizing X, Y components at 121 deg.C under 14.38MPa for 30 min;
(4) weighing Wechsler salt, ascorbic acid and vitamin complex in a volumetric flask, adding 135g of pure water, dissolving and uniformly stirring to obtain a Z component for later use;
(5) mixing the sterilized X, Y components and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed component, adding the Z component and stirring when the mixed component is cooled to 58 ℃, finally adding formaldehyde and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain the semi-synthetic artificial feed for the mango cross-thread noctuid larvae, and putting the semi-synthetic artificial feed into a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for later use after the feed is solidified and molded.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A semi-synthetic artificial feed for larvae of noctuid transversalis of mangoes is characterized by comprising, by mass, 40 ~ parts of pure water, 35 ~ parts of a main material and 3 ~ parts of an auxiliary material, wherein the main material is prepared by mixing dried mango tender leaves, tender tips and twigs in a mass ratio of 2 ~: 5 ~: 0.5 ~.5, the auxiliary material is prepared by mixing agar, ascorbic acid, glucose, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, potassium sorbate, formaldehyde, westsela salt and vitamin complex in a mass ratio of 3 ~: 10.0 ~ 515.0:5.5 ~.5: 5.0 73710.0: 3.5 ~.5: 0.1 ~.2: 50.0 ~.0: 1.0: ~.6, and the dried mango tender leaves, tender tips and twigs are prepared by drying the tender leaves, the tender tips and the twigs at a vacuum temperature of between 15 and 8584 ℃ to 890-5 ℃ and have a water content of between 36 and 895-15 ℃ in a vacuum degree;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) weighing dried mango tender leaves, tender tips and tender branches, crushing into powder, mixing with glucose, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and potassium sorbate, adding pure water accounting for 50wt% of the total amount of water, and stirring uniformly to obtain an X component for later use;
2) weighing agar, adding pure water accounting for 25wt% of the total amount of water, heating and stirring, and taking the agar as a Y component for later use after the agar is dissolved uniformly;
3) sterilizing X, Y components at 121.5 deg.C under 14.85MPa for 30 min;
4) weighing Wechsler salt, ascorbic acid and vitamin complex into a volumetric flask, adding pure water accounting for 25wt% of the total amount of water, dissolving and uniformly stirring to obtain a Z component for later use;
5) mixing the sterilized X, Y components and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed component, adding the Z component and stirring when the mixed component is cooled to 50-60 ℃, finally adding formaldehyde and fully stirring uniformly to obtain the semi-synthetic artificial feed for the mango horizontal line noctuid larvae, and putting the semi-synthetic artificial feed into a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for later use after the feed is solidified and molded.
2. The semi-synthetic artificial feed for the larvae of the mango lateral noctuid as claimed in claim 1, wherein for 1 ~ 2 nd larvae, the main material is prepared by mixing dried mango tender leaves, tender tips and twigs according to a mass ratio of 3 ~ 4:5 ~ 5.5.5: 0.5 ~ 1.
3. The semi-synthetic artificial feed for the larvae of the noctuid crossline in mango according to claim 1, wherein for the larvae of 3 ~ 5 th age, the main material is prepared by mixing dried mango tender leaves, tender tips and twigs according to a mass ratio of 2 ~ 3:5.5 ~ 7:1 ~ 1.5.5.
4. The semi-synthetic artificial feed for the larvae of the mango lateral noctuid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vitamin complex comprises, by mass, 28 ~ 40 parts of calcium pantothenate, 25 ~ 36 parts of nicotinic acid, 10 ~ 15 parts of riboflavin, 7 ~ 11 parts of folic acid, and vitamin B16 ~ 11 parts and vitamin B68 ~ 16 parts, biotin 0.03 ~ 0.2.2 parts and vitamin B120.03 ~ 0.2.2 parts.
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