CN103947399A - Efficient cultivation method of tomatoes - Google Patents
Efficient cultivation method of tomatoes Download PDFInfo
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- CN103947399A CN103947399A CN201410121013.4A CN201410121013A CN103947399A CN 103947399 A CN103947399 A CN 103947399A CN 201410121013 A CN201410121013 A CN 201410121013A CN 103947399 A CN103947399 A CN 103947399A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient cultivation method of tomatoes. The efficient cultivation method specifically comprises the following steps of preparing nutrient solution by using fertilizers, which are required in every growth cycle of the tomatoes; absorbing the nutrient solution to form solid nutrient solution by a water-absorbent resin according to a function of repeatedly absorbing hundreds of times of water of the high water-absorbent resin; forming a cultivation ridge according to a conventional method and opening a fertilization groove, then applying the solid nutrient solution and planting tomato seedlings; when dressing the fertilizer at the later stage, diluting the fertilizer to the liquid nutrient solution and pouring; carrying out pest control and management according to a conventional method. Through applying the efficient cultivation method, the high water-absorbent resin at the cultivation ridge can repeatedly absorb and store the rich water, and the rich water is slowly released to be absorbed by the tomato seedlings during drought. The efficient cultivation method completely meets the reasonable requirements that the tomatoes need much moisture, but the tomatoes are not frequently and extensively irrigated, the water fertilizer is fixed by the high water-absorbent resin and is slowly released, the water fertilizer can be completely absorbed by the tomatoes in a balanced manner for a long time, and the water fertilizer cannot be lost and wasted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant cultivation new technical field, be specifically related to the efficient cultivation method of a kind of tomato.
Background technology
Tomato (Tomato), another name tomato, fruits nutrition is abundant, tool flavour.
Tomato is thermophilic vegetable, and under normal operation, assimilation optimum temperature is 20～25 ℃, and the adaptability of soil temperature of root growth is 20～22 ℃.Improve soil temperature and can not only promote root system development, Content of Nitrate-Nitrogen in Soil significantly increases simultaneously, the acceleration of growing, and output increases.Tomato is happiness light crop, and light saturation point is 700001x, and suitable intensity of illumination is 30000～500001x.Tomato is short-day plant, basic demand short-day in turning to reproductive growth process by nourishing and growing, but requirement is not strict, and some kind can be buddingged and bloom in advance under short-day, most kinds are bloomed early under the sunshine of 11～13h, and plant strain growth is healthy and strong.Tomato had both needed more moisture, but irrigation that needn't be often a large amount of is generally advisable with soil moisture 60～80%, air humidity 45～50%.Air humidity is large, not only hinder normal pollination, and disease is serious under hot and humid condition.Tomato requires not too strict to soil condition, but for obtaining high yield, promotes root system well to grow, and should select soil layer deep, and draining is good, is rich in organic fertile loam.Soil acidity or alkalinity is advisable with pH6～7, and peracid or the excessively soil of alkali should be improved.
Tomato fertilizer requirement is larger, and all should guarantee sufficient nutrition each period, but each growthdevelopmental stage has again different to fertilizer amount demand, and stress nitrogenous fertilizer early stage, and the later stage stresses potash fertilizer, and the demand of phosphate fertilizer is implemented breeding time all the time.But between whole breeding time, to guarantee the demand of potash fertilizer.
Traditional cultivation method of tomatoes is: whole ground → ridging → trench digging → fertilising → planting seedlings → water and fertilizer management → training → pest management → florescence pollination → fruit harvesting.
Traditional cultivation method is in water and fertilizer management link, and the liquid manure of executing easily runs off, and not only produces waste, goes back because of liquid manure less than being the output that affects tomato simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned technology and the efficient cultivation method of brand-new a kind of tomato is provided, specifically comprising: according to the needed fertilizer of each growth cycle of tomato and be prepared into nutrient solution; The function of utilizing high hydroscopic resin can repeatedly absorb hundred times water is absorbed nutrient solution to become solid-state shape nutrient solution by water-absorbing resin; Rise according to a conventional method and cultivate ridge and hold fertilising groove successfully, then discharge solid-state shape nutrient solution field planting tomato seedling again; When the later stage imposes fertilizer, also first fertilizer being diluted to aqueous nutrient solution drenches and executes again; Extermination of disease and insect pest management is carried out according to a conventional method.By implementing the present invention, layout the high hydroscopic resin on cultivation ridge can absorb repeatedly and store rich water, during arid, slowly rich water is discharged again for tomato seedling and absorbs.The present invention had both needed more moisture according to tomato completely, but the reasonable demand of irrigation that needn't be often a large amount of, high hydroscopic resin can be fixed up liquid manure, is slowly during release, tomato can be for a long time, balanced and completely for absorbing, rich water does not run off, does not waste.
High hydroscopic resin (Super Absorbent Polymer, SAP) is a kind of new functional macromolecule material.There is hydrophilic radical, can absorb in a large number moisture and swelling can maintain the synthetic resin that moisture does not outflow, there is superelevation water suction and water retention property.It can absorb the more than hundred times moisture of own wt at the utmost point in the short time, after water suction, expand to form hydrogel, restores to the original state again after releasing water, can repeatedly absorb water, release water.Small investment during application in the present invention of high hydroscopic resin, technique be simple, easily operation, instant effect, is a kind of fertile new technology system of drought resisting, water saving, joint of bringing distinct economic.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
An efficient cultivation method for tomato is according to the needed fertilizer of each growth cycle of tomato in technical scheme and be prepared into nutrient solution; The function of utilizing high hydroscopic resin can repeatedly absorb hundred times water is absorbed nutrient solution to become solid-state shape nutrient solution by water-absorbing resin; Rise according to a conventional method and cultivate ridge and hold fertilising groove successfully, then discharge solid-state shape nutrient solution field planting tomato seedling again; When the later stage imposes fertilizer, also first fertilizer being diluted to aqueous nutrient solution drenches and executes again; Extermination of disease and insect pest management is carried out according to a conventional method.
1, by high hydroscopic resin, nutrient solution is absorbed and becomes the process of solid-state shape nutrient solution and be:
(1) water-absorbing resin is selected: selecting water suction multiple is that the high hydroscopic resin of 300～500 times is as water suction carrier;
(2) prepare nutrient solution: according to the indispensable corresponding fertilizer of the nutrient of each growth cycle needs of tomato, and the concentration that should dilute according to fertilizer is diluted with water to aqueous nutrient liquid fertilizer;
(3) nutrient liquid fertilizer solidifies: press the part by weight (1: 300～500) of high hydroscopic resin and nutrient liquid fertilizer, high hydroscopic resin is rendered in nutrient liquid fertilizer, after 10～20 minutes, high hydroscopic resin all absorbs nutrient liquid fertilizer to get up to become solid-state shape.
2, solid-state shape nutrient liquid fertilizer is discharged and method and the process of tomato seedling field planting are:
(1) whole ground: according to a conventional method whole well, rise and cultivate ridge and hold fertilising groove successfully;
(2) discharge solid-state shape nutrient liquid fertilizer: in fertilising, discharge uniformly solid-state shape nutrient liquid fertilizer in groove, mu discharges 500～800 kilograms, then with groove in earth mixing and stirring, finally cover a layer thickness and be the earth of 2～3 centimetres;
(3) field planting: according to a conventional method tomato seedling is colonizated in cultivation ridge, then waters sufficient normal root water.
3, final-period management method is:
(1) impose fertilizer: in the time that fertilizer need to being appended, also the essential corresponding fertilizer of nutrient needing according to each growth cycle of tomato, and the concentration that should dilute according to fertilizer is diluted with water to aqueous nutrient liquid fertilizer, then liquid fertilizer is drenched and executes tomato seedling root, the high hydroscopic resin of layout in cultivation ridge can absorb nutrient solution to solidify again, then the tomato seedling that discharges slowly absorbs;
(2) water management: according to a conventional method to tomato pouring moisture;
(3) extermination of disease and insect pest: carry out according to a conventional method the extermination of disease and insect pest;
(4) other: the training of tomato, pollination, fruit harvesting also carry out according to a conventional method.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1, the cultivation method of tomatoes coming proposed by the invention is novel, measure is unique, and technique simply, easily implement.
2, the rational rational application of fertilizers of nutritional need that the present invention can need according to each growth cycle of tomato, is prepared into solid-state fertilizer the nutrient liquid fertilizer that more easily allows tomato absorb, and implementation process technique is simple, random large.
3, the invention process, had both needed more moisture according to tomato completely, but the reasonable demand of irrigation that needn't be often a large amount of, high hydroscopic resin can be fixed up liquid manure, during release, be slowly, tomato can be for a long time, balanced and completely for absorbing, and rich water does not run off, do not waste.And utilization rate of fertilizer is high, mean that fertilizing amount reduces, thereby save fertilizer, reduce production cost.
4,, by implementing the present invention, because high hydroscopic resin can absorb, store rich water repeatedly, during arid, slowly discharge again the function of rich water.Can make soil water-containing weight ratio remain on 25% left and right and maintain approximately 40 days, water use efficiency obviously improves, and water consumption only has 1/3rd of drip irrigation.
5, implement the present invention, can accomplish Tree Precise Fertilization, simultaneously because water and fertilizer management is scientific and reasonable, tomato growth is healthy and strong, and growing way is even, and concentrate harvest time, shows as high yield and high quality.
6, by implementing the present invention, can make tomato at any time cultivate, not be subject to drought impact, and can make the survival rate of tomato seedling reach more than 98%.
7, by implementing the present invention, can make soil temperature can increase by 2～4 ℃, after high hydroscopic resin suctions water, its body is gel, is positioned over and in soil, also can makes the permeability of soil strengthen.
8, the present invention does not need to drop into infrastructure, and small investment, technique are simple, easily operation, effect are remarkable, can penetration and promotion application in vegetable grower group widely.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, method of the present invention is further illustrated.
An efficient cultivation method for tomato is according to the needed fertilizer of each growth cycle of tomato in technical scheme and be prepared into nutrient solution; The function of utilizing high hydroscopic resin can repeatedly absorb hundred times water is absorbed nutrient solution to become solid-state shape nutrient solution by water-absorbing resin; Rise according to a conventional method and cultivate ridge and hold fertilising groove successfully, then discharge solid-state shape nutrient solution field planting tomato seedling again; When the later stage imposes fertilizer, also first fertilizer being diluted to aqueous nutrient solution drenches and executes again; Extermination of disease and insect pest management is carried out according to a conventional method.
Embodiment is:
1, by high hydroscopic resin, nutrient solution is absorbed and becomes the process of solid-state shape nutrient solution and be:
(1) water-absorbing resin is selected: selecting water suction multiple is that the high hydroscopic resin of 400 times is as water suction carrier;
(2) prepare nutrient solution: according to the indispensable corresponding fertilizer of the nutrient of each growth cycle needs of tomato, and the concentration that should dilute according to fertilizer is diluted with water to aqueous nutrient liquid fertilizer;
(3) nutrient liquid fertilizer solidifies: press the part by weight (1: 400) of high hydroscopic resin and nutrient liquid fertilizer, high hydroscopic resin is rendered in nutrient liquid fertilizer, after 10～20 minutes, high hydroscopic resin all absorbs nutrient liquid fertilizer to get up to become solid-state shape.
2, solid-state shape nutrient liquid fertilizer is discharged and method and the process of tomato seedling field planting are:
(4) whole ground: according to a conventional method whole well, rise and cultivate ridge and hold fertilising groove successfully;
(5) discharge solid-state shape nutrient liquid fertilizer: in fertilising, discharge uniformly solid-state shape nutrient liquid fertilizer in groove, mu discharges 600 kilograms, then with groove in earth mixing and stirring, finally cover a layer thickness and be the earth of 2～3 centimetres;
(6) field planting: according to a conventional method tomato seedling is colonizated in cultivation ridge, then waters sufficient normal root water.
3, final-period management method is:
(1) impose fertilizer: in the time that fertilizer need to being appended, also the essential corresponding fertilizer of nutrient needing according to each growth cycle of tomato, and the concentration that should dilute according to fertilizer is diluted with water to aqueous nutrient liquid fertilizer, then liquid fertilizer is drenched and executes tomato seedling root, the high hydroscopic resin of layout in cultivation ridge can absorb nutrient solution to solidify again, then the tomato seedling that discharges slowly absorbs;
(2) water management: according to a conventional method to tomato pouring moisture;
(3) extermination of disease and insect pest: carry out according to a conventional method the extermination of disease and insect pest;
(4) other: the training of tomato, pollination, fruit harvesting also carry out according to a conventional method.
Claims (1)
1. an efficient cultivation method for tomato, is characterized in that: according to the needed fertilizer of each growth cycle of tomato and be prepared into nutrient solution; The function of utilizing high hydroscopic resin can repeatedly absorb hundred times water is absorbed nutrient solution to become solid-state shape nutrient solution by water-absorbing resin; Rise according to a conventional method and cultivate ridge and hold fertilising groove successfully, then discharge solid-state shape nutrient solution field planting tomato seedling again; When the later stage imposes fertilizer, also first fertilizer being diluted to aqueous nutrient solution drenches and executes again; Extermination of disease and insect pest management is carried out according to a conventional method;
By high hydroscopic resin, nutrient solution is absorbed and becomes the process of solid-state shape nutrient solution and be:
(1) water-absorbing resin is selected: selecting water suction multiple is that the high hydroscopic resin of 300～500 times is as water suction carrier;
(2) prepare nutrient solution: according to the indispensable corresponding fertilizer of the nutrient of each growth cycle needs of tomato, and the concentration that should dilute according to fertilizer is diluted with water to aqueous nutrient liquid fertilizer;
(3) nutrient liquid fertilizer solidifies: press the part by weight (1: 300～500) of high hydroscopic resin and nutrient liquid fertilizer, high hydroscopic resin is rendered in nutrient liquid fertilizer, after 10～20 minutes, high hydroscopic resin all absorbs nutrient liquid fertilizer to get up to become solid-state shape;
Solid-state shape nutrient liquid fertilizer is discharged and method and the process of tomato seedling field planting are:
(1) whole ground: according to a conventional method whole well, rise and cultivate ridge and hold fertilising groove successfully;
(2) discharge solid-state shape nutrient liquid fertilizer: in fertilising, discharge uniformly solid-state shape nutrient liquid fertilizer in groove, mu discharges 500～800 kilograms, then with groove in earth mixing and stirring, finally cover a layer thickness and be the earth of 2～3 centimetres;
(3) field planting: according to a conventional method tomato seedling is colonizated in cultivation ridge, then waters sufficient normal root water;
Final-period management method is:
(1) impose fertilizer: in the time that fertilizer need to being appended, also the essential corresponding fertilizer of nutrient needing according to each growth cycle of tomato, and the concentration that should dilute according to fertilizer is diluted with water to aqueous nutrient liquid fertilizer, then liquid fertilizer is drenched and executes tomato seedling root, the high hydroscopic resin of layout in cultivation ridge can absorb nutrient solution to solidify again, then the tomato seedling that discharges slowly absorbs;
(2) water management: according to a conventional method to tomato pouring moisture;
(3) extermination of disease and insect pest: carry out according to a conventional method the extermination of disease and insect pest;
(4) other: the training of tomato, pollination, fruit harvesting also carry out according to a conventional method.
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| CN201410121013.4A CN103947399A (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2014-03-28 | Efficient cultivation method of tomatoes |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105075579A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-11-25 | 李国凡 | Sugarcane continuous water and fertilizer retaining cultivation management method |
| CN105191605A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-12-30 | 单县绿丰种业有限公司 | Tomato cultivation method |
| CN106665266A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-05-17 | 新宁县辉腾生态农业发展有限公司 | Short growth cycle planting method for tea-oil tree |
| CN106962165A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-07-21 | 东莞市睿绅生物技术有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of moveable dendrobium officinale culture medium and integrated method for culturing seedlings |
| CN107371668A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-11-24 | 田阳农瑞德种苗专业合作社 | A kind of water and fertilizer management method of cucumber |
| CN108069789A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2018-05-25 | 山东顺通环保材料有限公司 | A kind of compound high hydroscopic resin |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105075579A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-11-25 | 李国凡 | Sugarcane continuous water and fertilizer retaining cultivation management method |
| CN105191605A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-12-30 | 单县绿丰种业有限公司 | Tomato cultivation method |
| CN108069789A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2018-05-25 | 山东顺通环保材料有限公司 | A kind of compound high hydroscopic resin |
| CN107371668A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-11-24 | 田阳农瑞德种苗专业合作社 | A kind of water and fertilizer management method of cucumber |
| CN106665266A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-05-17 | 新宁县辉腾生态农业发展有限公司 | Short growth cycle planting method for tea-oil tree |
| CN106962165A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-07-21 | 东莞市睿绅生物技术有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of moveable dendrobium officinale culture medium and integrated method for culturing seedlings |
| CN106962165B (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2020-09-15 | 东莞市睿绅生物技术有限公司 | Preparation method of movable dendrobium officinale culture medium and integrated seedling culture method |
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Application publication date: 20140730 |