CN107593407A - A kind of implantation methods of camellia oil tree - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of camellia oil tree Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology field.A kind of implantation methods of camellia oil tree, comprise the following steps：(1) cutting gathers；(2) cuttage and seedling culture；(3) transplant；(4) subsoil application；(5) shaping is done in foliage dressing and (6) surely.The present invention, as cutting, is handled cutting using taking root liquid, promotes rooting of cuttings from high-quality branch；Nursery is carried out by using special Nutrition Soil, the quality of seedling can be effectively improved, by applying appropriate well-rotted farmyard manure and slow-release pesticide in transplanting, meets nutrition needed for the growth of camellia oil tree, and reduce pest and disease damage；Camellia oil tree special fertilizer is applied by deep layer, whole nutrients needed for the growth of camellia oil tree are provided, by applying foliar fertilizer, make the growth of camellia oil tree vigorous, and by doing shaping surely, strengthen the intensity of illumination of camellia oil tree, promote the Tea Saponin and accumulation of flavonoids of camellia oil tree, the yield and oil content of tea fruit are improved, improves the quality of tea fruit, and then improves economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology field, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of camellia oil tree.
Background technology
Camellia oil tree is that time-honored woody section oilseed plant is planted in China, and the unsaturated fatty acid content of tea oil is up to
90%, significantly larger than rape oil, peanut oil and soya-bean oil, doubled with olive oil than content of vitamin E, and it is specific containing camellianin etc.
Physiological activator, there is high nutritive value.Tea oil has very high comprehensive utilization value, contains tea soap in leached tea oil slag
Element, tea seed polysaccharide, tea seed albumen etc., they are all the raw materials of chemical industry, light industry, food, feed industry product etc., and tea seed episperm may be used also
Furfural, activated carbon etc., tea shell or a kind of good culture medium of edible fungus is made.
Camellia oil tree is the extremely strong seeds of a contamination resistance, to sulfur dioxide resistance, anti-fluorine and suction chlorine ability
It is very strong.The camellia oil tree four seasons are evergreen, and well developed root system is drought-resistant barren, and low-temperature resistance freeze injury, flameproof effect is good, and Bioclimatic analysis is wide, can
To make full use of marginal land to develop, rural economic development can be promoted, and can planting trees on barren hills, conserved water and soil, promote life
The revegetation of state vulnerable areas, rural ecological looks and human settlement are significantly improved, be economic benefit, ecological benefits and society's effect
The all good fine tree species of benefit, meeting the direction of Modern Forestry development, therefore scientific management camellia oleifera lam has and conserves water and soil, conserves
Water source, the ecological benefits regulated the climate.
But current camellia oil tree planting has obvious regional plantation feature, camellia oil tree kind aging mixes, and plants
Poor management is planted, scientific and technological content is low, although planting scale is big, tea fruit yields poorly, and oil yield is low, the institute in national oil product
Accounting weight very little, interdependency is low, governs the development of tea oil industry.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of implantation methods of scientific and reasonable camellia oil tree, improve tea fruit yield and matter
Amount, to promote the development of tea oil industry.
To achieve the above object, the method scheme that the present invention uses is as follows：
A kind of implantation methods of camellia oil tree, comprise the following steps：
(1) cutting gathers：The camellia oil branch bar with eye is chosen, branch is cut into 13-15cm and grows section, branch base portion
Tiltedly cut and cut flat in 45-50 degree oblique angle, branch top；
(2) cuttage and seedling culture：The base portion for the branch chosen is put into after soaking 12-15h in taking root liquid and taken out, uniform insertion
It is preinstalled with the seedlings nursing plate of Nutrition Soil, insertion depth is the 1/4 of the branch height, and it is big that the seedlings nursing plate after being plugged is put into greenhouse
In canopy, the water content for keeping Nutrition Soil in seedlings nursing plate is 70-80%, and it is 23-27 DEG C to control temperature, avoids direct sunlight, works as branch
Bar, which grows up to the high seedling of 30-35cm, to transplant；
(3) transplant：The soil is porous, the convenient acid soil of irrigation and drainage for selection, and every mu applies well-rotted farmyard manure 4000-
5000kg, slow-release pesticide 10-15kg, plough deeply and bury in, lid film 4-5 days, then carefully rake soil is whole, by seedling by going
Away from 2.2-2.5m, spacing in the rows 2.1-2.3m is colonized, and water in field planting, 1 water of teeming again after being colonized 15-20 days；
(4) subsoil application：3-4 a diameter of 20- are uniformly dug at 20-30cm outside camellia oil tree tree body hat width drip
30cm, the fertilising that depth is 10-15cm are cheated, and apply camellia oil tree special fertilizer in each fertilising hole, the camellia oil tree is special
Mainly it is prepared with fertilizer by the raw material of following parts by weight：200-300 parts cow dung, 50-100 parts villous amomum pericarp, 50-100 parts eat
Bacterium bacteria residue, 20-40 parts humic acid, 20-50 parts urea, 5-10 parts calcium superphosphate, 5-10 parts zinc molybdate, 2-8 part hydroxylmethyl celluloses
Plain sodium, 2-8 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6-12 parts amino acid, 2-8 parts ferrous sulfate and 1-5 part EM bacteria agents；
(5) foliage dressing：Anthesis to the fruit harvesting phase, every 7-10 days, the chlorination for being 3-5% with mass-volume concentration
Calcium solution and 0.2-0.7% magnesium oxide solution carry out foliage-spray；Initial bloom stage and full-bloom stage respectively spray once every mu of 90- again
The aqueous solution of 100kg production increasing agents containing 40-50mg；
(6) shaping is done surely：When camellia oil tree seedling grows to 1-1.2m, in seedling at the 0.7-0.9m of ground cutting back master
It is dry, treat that it sprouts new buds, therefrom select and remain different azimuth, the between the upper and lower healthy and strong branch 5-6 away from 12-17cm, as skeleton branch, children
Woods trimming and finishing, based on light pruning, Spindling control branch, retain 12-17 bar stalwartness branches by trimming, cultivation forms nature
Globular model tree crown.
Further, the camellia oil tree special fertilizer is mainly prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight：210-270 part oxen
Excrement, 60-90 parts villous amomum pericarp, 60-90 parts edible fungi residue, 25-35 parts humic acid, 30-40 parts urea, 4-7 parts calcium superphosphate, 6-
8 parts of zinc molybdates, 4-6 parts sodium cellulose glycolate, 4-7 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 7-10 parts amino acid, 3-7 parts ferrous sulfate and 2-4
Part EM bacteria agent.
Further, the Nutrition Soil in the step (2) is prepared using following methods：By weight, by 2000-
3000 parts of peat soils crushed 1-2mm mesh sieves, add 200-300 parts decomposed manure, 100-200 parts manioc waste, 100-200
Part soybean stalks powder and 50-100 parts pine needle meal mix 30-50min, then add 20-30 parts ammonium phosphate, 10-30 parts ten
Dialkyl benzene sulfonic acids sodium and 20-30 parts prochloraz are well mixed to obtain mix, and into mix plus water makes its moisture content be
50-60%, it is sealed at 25-30 DEG C 30-45 days, the Nutrition Soil is made.
Further, the Nutrition Soil in the step (2) is prepared using following methods：By weight, by 2500-
2700 parts of peat soils crushed 1.2-1.8mm mesh sieves, add 210-270 parts decomposed manure, 120-180 parts manioc waste,
120-180 part soybean stalks powder and 60-90 parts pine needle meal mix 35-45min, then add 22-28 parts ammonium phosphate, 20-
25 parts of neopelexes and 22-28 parts prochloraz are well mixed to obtain mix, and into mix plus water contains it
Water rate is 52-58%, is sealed at 26-29 DEG C 34-43 days, and the Nutrition Soil is made.
Further, the camellia oil tree special fertilizer 0.2- is applied in each fertilising hole in the step (4)
0.5kg。
Further, the taking root liquid is made by the raw material of following parts by weight：6-15 parts citric acid, 2-5 parts indolebutyric acid,
1-2 part methyl α-naphthyl acetates alcohol, 1-3 parts ammonium nitrate and 200-300 part deionized waters.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1st, Nutrition Soil of the invention is mixed by appropriate peat soil, decomposed manure, manioc waste, soybean stalks powder and pine needle meal
Stirring is closed, is sealed what is obtained within 30-45 days after adding appropriate ammonium phosphate, neopelex, prochloraz and water.Institute
State Nutrition Soil raw material to be easy to get, there is stronger water-retaining property, water penetration and an aeration, and nutrition is balanced comprehensively, containing abundant nitrogen,
The nutrients such as phosphorus, potassium and organic matter, the various nutrients needed for camellia oil tree nursery are fully met, and can significantly improved
Planting percent, seedling stage diseases and pests are reduced, saved manually, growing-seedling period is short, is adapted to the growth of camellia oil tree.Wherein, peat soil contains
Substantial amounts of organic matter, N P and K and trace element, are a kind of important cultivation matrixes, with cost is low, meets environmental requirement etc.
Feature, decomposed manure are the high-quality organic fertilizers commonly used in camellia oil tree planting, being capable of improved soil；Manioc waste and soybean stalks
Powder can improve soil porosity, strengthen permeability, loose, swelling growing environment is provided for camellia oil tree seedlings root；Pine
Pin powder can fertilizer conservation water holding, improve soil fertilizer matter；Ammonium phosphate, neopelex and prochloraz can promote camellia oil tree
The growth of seedling system, strengthens diseases and insect pests resistance, improves the speed of growth of camellia oil tree seedling rhizome.Use the Nutrition Soil of the present invention
The time of cuttage and seedling culture can be shortened, reduce production cost.
2nd, the camellia oil tree special fertilizer of the invention can promote camellia oil tree to grow, and increase the oil content of tea fruit, with ox
Excrement, villous amomum pericarp, edible fungi residue are raw material, add humic acid, urea, calcium superphosphate, zinc molybdate, sodium cellulose glycolate, phosphorus
Acid dihydride potassium, amino acid, ferrous sulfate and EM bacteria agent etc. are rich in trace element and nutriment necessary to the growth of camellia oil tree
Raw material, after the camellia oil tree special fertilizer, absorbed by camellia oil tree and internal biological property convert, make camellia oil
A large amount of generation fat and organic protein in tea fruit body are set, while the abundant science of camellia oil tree disease resistance progress present invention plantation is closed
Reason, obvious effect of increasing production, tea fruit averagely increase production 30-40%；Plant obtained tea fruit quality to be obviously improved, safety is without public affairs
Evil, commodity value is high, and simple to operation, and planting cost is low, and production efficiency is high, remarkable benefit, can improve the economy of peasant
Benefit and enthusiasm for production, it is worth large-scale promotion.
3rd, the present invention handles cutting using taking root liquid, promotes rooting of cuttings, improve from high-quality branch as cutting
The survival rate of camellia oil tree, nursery is carried out by using special Nutrition Soil, the quality of seedling can be effectively improved, strengthen seedling
Resistance against diseases, by applying appropriate well-rotted farmyard manure and slow-release pesticide in transplanting, meet to seek needed for the growth of camellia oil tree
Support, and reduce pest and disease damage；Camellia oil tree special fertilizer is applied by deep layer, there is provided whole nutrients needed for the growth of camellia oil tree, increase
Add the speed of growth of camellia oil tree, by applying foliar fertilizer, grow camellia oil tree vigorous, leaf color is dark green, and survival rate is high, and leads to
Cross and do shaping surely, strengthen the intensity of illumination of camellia oil tree, promote the Tea Saponin and accumulation of flavonoids of camellia oil tree, so as to improve tea fruit
Quality, and substantially increase the yield and oil content of tea fruit, and then improve economic benefit.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are elaborated below, the present embodiment carries out real under the premise of technical solution of the present invention
Apply, give detailed embodiment concrete operations, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods of camellia oil tree, comprise the following steps：
(1) cutting gathers：The camellia oil branch bar with eye is chosen, branch is cut into 13cm and grows section, branch base portion is oblique
It is in 45 degree of oblique angles to cut, and is cut flat at the top of branch；
(2) cuttage and seedling culture：The base portion for the branch chosen is put into after soaking 12h in taking root liquid and taken out, uniform insertion is pre-
In seedlings nursing plate equipped with Nutrition Soil, insertion depth is the 1/4 of the branch height, and the seedlings nursing plate after being plugged is put into warmhouse booth
Interior, the water content for keeping Nutrition Soil in seedlings nursing plate is 70%, and it is 23 DEG C to control temperature, direct sunlight is avoided, when branch grows up to
Seedling high 30cm can be transplanted；
The taking root liquid is made by the raw material of following parts by weight：6 parts of citric acids, 2 parts of indolebutyric acids, 1 part of methyl α-naphthyl acetate alcohol,
1 part of ammonium nitrate and 200 parts of deionized waters；
The Nutrition Soil is prepared using following methods：By weight, 2000 parts of peat soils be crushed into 1mm mesh
Sieve, add 200 parts of decomposed manures, 100 parts of manioc wastes, 100 parts of soybean stalks powder and 50 parts of pine needle meals and mix
30min, then add 20 parts of ammonium phosphate, 10 parts of neopelexes and 20 parts of prochlorazs and be well mixed to obtain mix,
Into mix plus water makes its moisture content be 50%, is sealed at 25 DEG C 30 days, the Nutrition Soil is made.
(3) transplant：The soil is porous, the convenient acid soil of irrigation and drainage for selection, and every mu applies well-rotted farmyard manure 4000kg, sustained release
Insecticide 10kg, plough deeply and bury in, lid film 4 days, then carefully rake soil is whole, seedling pressed into line-spacing 2.2m, spacing in the rows 2.1m
It is colonized, water in field planting, 1 water of teeming again after being colonized 15 days；
(4) subsoil application：3 a diameter of 20cm are uniformly dug at 20cm outside camellia oil tree tree body hat width drip, depth is
10cm fertilising hole, camellia oil tree special fertilizer 0.2kg is applied in each fertilising hole；The camellia oil tree special fertilizer is main
It is prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight：200 parts of cow dungs, 50 parts of villous amomum pericarps, 50 parts of edible fungi residues, 20 parts of humic acid, 20
Part urea, 5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5 parts of zinc molybdates, 2 parts of sodium cellulose glycolates, 2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 6 parts of amino acid, 2 parts of sulphur
Sour ferrous and 1 part of EM bacteria agent；
(5) foliage dressing：It is anthesis to the fruit harvesting phase, molten with the calcium chloride that mass-volume concentration is 3% every 7 days
Liquid and 0.2% magnesium oxide solution carry out foliage-spray；Initial bloom stage and full-bloom stage respectively spray once every mu of 90kg and increased containing 40mg again
Produce the aqueous solution of spirit；
(6) shaping is done surely：When camellia oil tree seedling grows to 1m, in seedling at the 0.7m of ground cutting back trunk, treat that it is sprouted
Shoot is sent out, therefrom selects and remain different azimuth, between the upper and lower 5, the healthy and strong branch away from 12cm, as skeleton branch, young growth trimming and finishing, with
Based on light pruning, Spindling control branch, retain 12 healthy and strong branches by trimming, cultivation forms nature globular model tree crown.
Embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods of camellia oil tree, comprise the following steps：
(1) cutting gathers：The camellia oil branch bar with eye is chosen, branch is cut into 15cm and grows section, branch base portion is oblique
It is in 50 degree of oblique angles to cut, and is cut flat at the top of branch；
(2) cuttage and seedling culture：The base portion for the branch chosen is put into after soaking 15h in taking root liquid and taken out, uniform insertion is pre-
In seedlings nursing plate equipped with Nutrition Soil, insertion depth is the 1/4 of the branch height, and the seedlings nursing plate after being plugged is put into warmhouse booth
Interior, the water content for keeping Nutrition Soil in seedlings nursing plate is 80%, and it is 27 DEG C to control temperature, direct sunlight is avoided, when branch grows up to
Seedling high 35cm can be transplanted；
The taking root liquid is made by the raw material of following parts by weight：15 parts of citric acids, 5 parts of indolebutyric acids, 2 portions of methyl α-naphthyl acetate wine
Essence, 3 parts of ammonium nitrate and 300 parts of deionized waters；
The Nutrition Soil is prepared using following methods：By weight, 3000 parts of peat soils be crushed into 2mm mesh
Sieve, add 300 parts of decomposed manures, 200 parts of manioc wastes, 200 parts of soybean stalks powder and 100 parts of pine needle meals and mix
50min, then add 30 parts of ammonium phosphate, 30 parts of neopelexes and 30 parts of prochlorazs and be well mixed to obtain mix,
Into mix plus water makes its moisture content be 60%, is sealed at 30 DEG C 45 days, the Nutrition Soil is made.
(3) transplant：The soil is porous, the convenient acid soil of irrigation and drainage for selection, and every mu applies well-rotted farmyard manure 5000kg, sustained release
Insecticide 15kg, plough deeply and bury in, lid film 5 days, then carefully rake soil is whole, seedling pressed into line-spacing 2.5m, spacing in the rows 2.3m
It is colonized, water in field planting, 1 water of teeming again after being colonized 20 days；
(4) subsoil application：4 a diameter of 30cm are uniformly dug at 30cm outside camellia oil tree tree body hat width drip, depth is
15cm fertilising hole, camellia oil tree special fertilizer 0.5kg is applied in each fertilising hole；The camellia oil tree special fertilizer is main
It is prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight：300 parts of cow dungs, 100 parts of villous amomum pericarps, 100 parts of edible fungi residues, 40 parts of humic acid,
50 parts of urea, 10 parts of calcium superphosphate, 10 parts of zinc molybdates, 8 parts of sodium cellulose glycolates, 8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 12 parts of amino acid, 8
Part ferrous sulfate and 5 parts of EM bacteria agents；
(5) foliage dressing：It is anthesis to the fruit harvesting phase, molten with the calcium chloride that mass-volume concentration is 5% every 10 days
Liquid and 0.7% magnesium oxide solution carry out foliage-spray；Initial bloom stage and full-bloom stage respectively spray once every mu of 100kg and increased containing 50mg again
Produce the aqueous solution of spirit；
(6) shaping is done surely：When camellia oil tree seedling grows to 1.2m, in seedling at the 0.9m of ground cutting back trunk, treat it
Sprout new buds, therefrom select and remain different azimuth, between the upper and lower 6, the healthy and strong branch away from 17cm, as skeleton branch, young growth trimming and finishing,
Based on light pruning, Spindling control branch, retain 17 healthy and strong branches by trimming, cultivation forms nature globular model tree crown.
Embodiment 3
A kind of implantation methods of camellia oil tree, comprise the following steps：
(1) cutting gathers：The camellia oil branch bar with eye is chosen, branch is cut into 13cm and grows section, branch base portion is oblique
It is in 45 degree of oblique angles to cut, and is cut flat at the top of branch；
(2) cuttage and seedling culture：The base portion for the branch chosen is put into after soaking 12h in taking root liquid and taken out, uniform insertion is pre-
In seedlings nursing plate equipped with Nutrition Soil, insertion depth is the 1/4 of the branch height, and the seedlings nursing plate after being plugged is put into warmhouse booth
Interior, the water content for keeping Nutrition Soil in seedlings nursing plate is 70%, and it is 23 DEG C to control temperature, direct sunlight is avoided, when branch grows up to
Seedling high 30cm can be transplanted；
The taking root liquid is made by the raw material of following parts by weight：6 parts of citric acids, 2 parts of indolebutyric acids, 1 part of methyl α-naphthyl acetate alcohol,
1 part of ammonium nitrate and 200 parts of deionized waters；
The Nutrition Soil is prepared using following methods：By weight, 2500 parts of peat soils be crushed into 1.2mm mesh
Sieve, add 210 parts of decomposed manures, 120 parts of manioc wastes, 120 parts of soybean stalks powder and 60 parts of pine needle meals and mix
35min, then add 22 parts of ammonium phosphate, 20 parts of neopelexes and 22 parts of prochlorazs and be well mixed to obtain mix,
Into mix plus water makes its moisture content be 52%, is sealed at 26 DEG C 34 days, the Nutrition Soil is made.
(3) transplant：The soil is porous, the convenient acid soil of irrigation and drainage for selection, and every mu applies well-rotted farmyard manure 4000kg, sustained release
Insecticide 10kg, plough deeply and bury in, lid film 4 days, then carefully rake soil is whole, seedling pressed into line-spacing 2.2m, spacing in the rows 2.1m
It is colonized, water in field planting, 1 water of teeming again after being colonized 15 days；
(4) subsoil application：3 a diameter of 20cm are uniformly dug at 20cm outside camellia oil tree tree body hat width drip, depth is
10cm fertilising hole, camellia oil tree special fertilizer 0.2kg is applied in each fertilising hole；The camellia oil tree special fertilizer is main
It is prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight：210 parts of cow dungs, 60 parts of villous amomum pericarps, 60 parts of edible fungi residues, 25 parts of humic acid, 30
Part urea, 4 parts of calcium superphosphate, 6 parts of zinc molybdates, 4 parts of sodium cellulose glycolates, 4 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 7 parts of amino acid, 3 parts of sulphur
Sour ferrous and 2 parts of EM bacteria agents；
(5) foliage dressing：It is anthesis to the fruit harvesting phase, molten with the calcium chloride that mass-volume concentration is 3% every 7 days
Liquid and 0.2% magnesium oxide solution carry out foliage-spray；Initial bloom stage and full-bloom stage respectively spray once every mu of 90kg and increased containing 40mg again
Produce the aqueous solution of spirit；
(6) shaping is done surely：When camellia oil tree seedling grows to 1m, in seedling at the 0.7m of ground cutting back trunk, treat that it is sprouted
Shoot is sent out, therefrom selects and remain different azimuth, between the upper and lower 5, the healthy and strong branch away from 12cm, as skeleton branch, young growth trimming and finishing, with
Based on light pruning, Spindling control branch, retain 12 healthy and strong branches by trimming, cultivation forms nature globular model tree crown.
Embodiment 4
A kind of implantation methods of camellia oil tree, comprise the following steps：
(1) cutting gathers：The camellia oil branch bar with eye is chosen, branch is cut into 15cm and grows section, branch base portion is oblique
It is in 50 degree of oblique angles to cut, and is cut flat at the top of branch；
(2) cuttage and seedling culture：The base portion for the branch chosen is put into after soaking 15h in taking root liquid and taken out, uniform insertion is pre-
In seedlings nursing plate equipped with Nutrition Soil, insertion depth is the 1/4 of the branch height, and the seedlings nursing plate after being plugged is put into warmhouse booth
Interior, the water content for keeping Nutrition Soil in seedlings nursing plate is 80%, and it is 27 DEG C to control temperature, direct sunlight is avoided, when branch grows up to
Seedling high 35cm can be transplanted；
The taking root liquid is made by the raw material of following parts by weight：15 parts of citric acids, 5 parts of indolebutyric acids, 2 portions of methyl α-naphthyl acetate wine
Essence, 3 parts of ammonium nitrate and 300 parts of deionized waters；
The Nutrition Soil is prepared using following methods：By weight, 2700 parts of peat soils be crushed into 1.8mm mesh
Sieve, add 270 parts of decomposed manures, 180 parts of manioc wastes, 180 parts of soybean stalks powder and 90 parts of pine needle meals and mix
45min, then add 28 parts of ammonium phosphate, 25 parts of neopelexes and 28 parts of prochlorazs and be well mixed to obtain mix,
Into mix plus water makes its moisture content be 58%, is sealed at 29 DEG C 43 days, the Nutrition Soil is made.
(3) transplant：The soil is porous, the convenient acid soil of irrigation and drainage for selection, and every mu applies well-rotted farmyard manure 5000kg, sustained release
Insecticide 15kg, plough deeply and bury in, lid film 5 days, then carefully rake soil is whole, seedling pressed into line-spacing 2.5m, spacing in the rows 2.3m
It is colonized, water in field planting, 1 water of teeming again after being colonized 20 days；
(4) subsoil application：4 a diameter of 30cm are uniformly dug at 30cm outside camellia oil tree tree body hat width drip, depth is
15cm fertilising hole, camellia oil tree special fertilizer 0.5kg is applied in each fertilising hole；The camellia oil tree special fertilizer is main
It is prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight：270 parts of cow dungs, 90 parts of villous amomum pericarps, 90 parts of edible fungi residues, 35 parts of humic acid, 40
Part urea, 7 parts of calcium superphosphate, 8 parts of zinc molybdates, 6 parts of sodium cellulose glycolates, 7 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 10 parts of amino acid, 7 parts of sulphur
Sour ferrous and 4 parts of EM bacteria agents；
(5) foliage dressing：It is anthesis to the fruit harvesting phase, molten with the calcium chloride that mass-volume concentration is 5% every 10 days
Liquid and 0.7% magnesium oxide solution carry out foliage-spray；Initial bloom stage and full-bloom stage respectively spray once every mu of 100kg and increased containing 50mg again
Produce the aqueous solution of spirit；
(6) shaping is done surely：When camellia oil tree seedling grows to 1.2m, in seedling at the 0.9m of ground cutting back trunk, treat it
Sprout new buds, therefrom select and remain different azimuth, between the upper and lower 6, the healthy and strong branch away from 17cm, as skeleton branch, young growth trimming and finishing,
Based on light pruning, Spindling control branch, retain 17 healthy and strong branches by trimming, cultivation forms nature globular model tree crown.
Embodiment 5
A kind of implantation methods of camellia oil tree, comprise the following steps：
(1) cutting gathers：The camellia oil branch bar with eye is chosen, branch is cut into 14cm and grows section, branch base portion is oblique
It is in 47 degree of oblique angles to cut, and is cut flat at the top of branch；
(2) cuttage and seedling culture：The base portion for the branch chosen is put into after soaking 14h in taking root liquid and taken out, uniform insertion is pre-
In seedlings nursing plate equipped with Nutrition Soil, insertion depth is the 1/4 of the branch height, and the seedlings nursing plate after being plugged is put into warmhouse booth
Interior, the water content for keeping Nutrition Soil in seedlings nursing plate is 75%, and it is 25 DEG C to control temperature, direct sunlight is avoided, when branch grows up to
Seedling high 32cm can be transplanted；
The taking root liquid is made by the raw material of following parts by weight：10 parts of citric acids, 3 parts of indolebutyric acids, 1.5 portions of methyl α-naphthyl acetate wine
Essence, 2 parts of ammonium nitrate and 250 parts of deionized waters；
The Nutrition Soil is prepared using following methods：By weight, 2600 parts of peat soils be crushed into 1.5mm mesh
Sieve, add 250 parts of decomposed manures, 150 parts of manioc wastes, 150 parts of soybean stalks powder and 70 parts of pine needle meals and mix
40min, then add 25 parts of ammonium phosphate, 23 parts of neopelexes and 25 parts of prochlorazs and be well mixed to obtain mix,
Into mix plus water makes its moisture content be 55%, is sealed at 28 DEG C 40 days, the Nutrition Soil is made.
(3) transplant：The soil is porous, the convenient acid soil of irrigation and drainage for selection, and every mu applies well-rotted farmyard manure 4500kg, sustained release
Insecticide 12kg, plough deeply and bury in, lid film 5 days, then carefully rake soil is whole, seedling pressed into line-spacing 2.3m, spacing in the rows 2.2m
It is colonized, water in field planting, 1 water of teeming again after being colonized 18 days；
(4) subsoil application：3 a diameter of 25cm are uniformly dug at 25cm outside camellia oil tree tree body hat width drip, depth is
12cm fertilising hole, camellia oil tree special fertilizer 0.4kg is applied in each fertilising hole；The camellia oil tree special fertilizer is main
It is prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight：250 parts of cow dungs, 70 parts of villous amomum pericarps, 80 parts of edible fungi residues, 30 parts of humic acid, 35
Part urea, 5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 7 parts of zinc molybdates, 5 parts of sodium cellulose glycolates, 5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 9 parts of amino acid, 5 parts of sulphur
Sour ferrous and 3 parts of EM bacteria agents；
(5) foliage dressing：It is anthesis to the fruit harvesting phase, molten with the calcium chloride that mass-volume concentration is 4% every 8 days
Liquid and 0.5% magnesium oxide solution carry out foliage-spray；Initial bloom stage and full-bloom stage respectively spray once every mu of 95kg and increased containing 45mg again
Produce the aqueous solution of spirit；
(6) shaping is done surely：When camellia oil tree seedling grows to 1.1m, in seedling at the 0.8m of ground cutting back trunk, treat it
Sprout new buds, therefrom select and remain different azimuth, between the upper and lower 5, the healthy and strong branch away from 15cm, as skeleton branch, young growth trimming and finishing,
Based on light pruning, Spindling control branch, retain 15 healthy and strong branches by trimming, cultivation forms nature globular model tree crown.
Control group 1
In cuttage and seedling culture, taking root liquid is not used, other processing modes are same as Example 5.
Control group 2
Nutrition Soil used is in the market ordinary nutritional soil during cuttage and seedling culture, and other processing modes are same as Example 5.
Control group 3
During subsoil application, fertilizer used is N P and K NPK, other plantation and fertilization mode and embodiment 5 it is equal
It is identical.
Camellia oil tree growing state is observed and recorded in planting process, is counted yield, is as a result counted as shown in table 1 below.
Table 1
| Group | Survival rate (%) | Tea oil per mu yield (kg) | Tea fruit kernel-containing rate (%) | Oil content (%) |
| Embodiment 1 | 97 | 93 | 85 | 52 |
| Embodiment 2 | 96 | 92 | 86 | 50 |
| Embodiment 3 | 96 | 93 | 87 | 48 |
| Embodiment 4 | 97 | 91 | 88 | 52 |
| Embodiment 5 | 98 | 93 | 86 | 52 |
| Control group 1 | 65 | 60 | 80 | 47 |
| Control group 2 | 64 | 59 | 81 | 46 |
| Control group 3 | 96 | 58 | 64 | 38 |
As can be seen that control group 1 is not use any measure from upper table 1, survival rate of seedling is less than the present invention, control group
2 due to cuttage and seedling culture when using common Nutrition Soil, also have considerable influence to tea oil tree yield, the fertilising of control group 3 is single group
Point, percentage of fertile fruit of blooming is low, and flower spike is also shorter than the present invention, also has considerable influence to its yield and oil content.And the embodiment of the present invention
1-5 groups while fertilising due to the addition of camellia oil tree special fertilizer, and oil content improves a lot compared to control group 3, explanation
The oil content that the present invention can make tea oil during fertilising using camellia oil tree special fertilizer improves, and lifts the product of camellia oil tree
Matter and economic value.
Described above is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
Bright patent claim, the equal change completed or modification change under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention, all should belong to
Cover the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. implantation methods of camellia oil tree, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：(1) cutting gathers：The camellia oil branch bar with eye is chosen, branch is cut into 13-15cm and grows section, branch base portion is tiltedly cut In 45-50 degree oblique angle, cut flat at the top of branch；(2) cuttage and seedling culture：The base portion for the branch chosen is put into after soaking 12-15h in taking root liquid and taken out, uniform insertion prepackage In nutritious native seedlings nursing plate, insertion depth is the 1/4 of the branch height, and the seedlings nursing plate after being plugged is put into warmhouse booth Interior, the water content for keeping Nutrition Soil in seedlings nursing plate is 70-80%, and it is 23-27 DEG C to control temperature, avoids direct sunlight, works as branch Growing up to the high seedling of 30-35cm can transplant；(3) transplant：The soil is porous, the convenient acid soil of irrigation and drainage for selection, and every mu applies well-rotted farmyard manure 4000-5000kg, delays Release insecticide 10-15kg, plough deeply and bury in, lid film 4-5 days, then carefully rake soil is whole, seedling pressed into line-spacing 2.2- 2.5m, spacing in the rows 2.1-2.3m are colonized, and waters in field planting, 1 water of teeming again after being colonized 15-20 days；(4) subsoil application：3-4 a diameter of 20-30cm are uniformly dug at 20-30cm outside camellia oil tree tree body hat width drip, The fertilising that depth is 10-15cm is cheated, and camellia oil tree special fertilizer, the camellia oil tree special fertilizer master are applied in each fertilising hole To be prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight：200-300 parts cow dung, 50-100 parts villous amomum pericarp, 50-100 parts edible fungi residue, 20-40 parts humic acid, 20-50 parts urea, 5-10 parts calcium superphosphate, 5-10 parts zinc molybdate, 2-8 parts sodium cellulose glycolate, 2-8 Part potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6-12 parts amino acid, 2-8 parts ferrous sulfate and 1-5 part EM bacteria agents；(5) foliage dressing：Anthesis to the fruit harvesting phase, every 7-10 days, the calcium chloride for being 3-5% with mass-volume concentration was molten Liquid and 0.2-0.7% magnesium oxide solution carry out foliage-spray；Initial bloom stage and full-bloom stage respectively spray once every mu of 90-100kg again The aqueous solution of the production increasing agent containing 40-50mg；(6) shaping is done surely：When camellia oil tree seedling grows to 1-1.2m, in seedling at the 0.7-0.9m of ground cutting back trunk, treat It sprouts new buds, and therefrom selects and remain different azimuth, the between the upper and lower healthy and strong branch 5-6 away from 12-17cm, as skeleton branch, young growth is repaiied Shaping is cut, based on light pruning, Spindling control branch, retains 12-17 bar stalwartness branches by trimming, cultivation forms nature round end Shape tree crown.
- A kind of 2. implantation methods of camellia oil tree according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The camellia oil tree special fertilizer Mainly it is prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight：210-270 parts cow dung, 60-90 parts villous amomum pericarp, 60-90 parts edible fungi residue, 25-35 parts humic acid, 30-40 parts urea, 4-7 parts calcium superphosphate, 6-8 parts zinc molybdate, 4-6 parts sodium cellulose glycolate, 4-7 parts Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 7-10 parts amino acid, 3-7 parts ferrous sulfate and 2-4 part EM bacteria agents.
- A kind of 3. implantation methods of camellia oil tree according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Battalion in the step (2) Soil is supported to be prepared using following methods：By weight, 2000-3000 part peat soils be crushed into 1-2mm mesh sieves, added 200-300 parts decomposed manure, 100-200 parts manioc waste, 100-200 part soybean stalks powder and the mixing of 50-100 parts pine needle meal are stirred 30-50min is mixed, it is equal then to add 20-30 parts ammonium phosphate, 10-30 parts neopelex and the mixing of 20-30 parts prochloraz Even to obtain mix, into mix plus water makes its moisture content be 50-60%, is sealed at 25-30 DEG C 30-45 days, The Nutrition Soil is made.
- A kind of 4. implantation methods of camellia oil tree according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Battalion in the step (2) Soil is supported to be prepared using following methods：By weight, 2500-2700 part peat soils be crushed into 1.2-1.8mm mesh sieves, then 210-270 parts decomposed manure, 120-180 parts manioc waste, 120-180 part soybean stalks powder and 60-90 part pine needle meals is added to mix Stirring 35-45min is closed, 22-28 parts ammonium phosphate, 20-25 parts neopelex and 22-28 part prochlorazs is then added and mixes Uniform mix is closed, into mix plus water makes its moisture content be 52-58%, and 34-43 is sealed at 26-29 DEG C My god, the Nutrition Soil is made.
- A kind of 5. implantation methods of camellia oil tree according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is each in the step (4) The camellia oil tree special fertilizer 0.2-0.5kg is applied in the fertilising hole.
- A kind of 6. implantation methods of camellia oil tree according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The taking root liquid is by following heavy The raw material of amount part is made：6-15 parts citric acid, 2-5 parts indolebutyric acid, 1-2 part methyl α-naphthyl acetates alcohol, 1-3 parts ammonium nitrate and 200- 300 parts of deionized waters.
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| CN108668832A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-19 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of eelgrass rhizome substrate, preparation method and package transplantation method |
| CN109769862A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-05-21 | 湖南省林大油茶有限公司 | A kind of oil tea cuttage root-taking agent |
| CN112106586A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-22 | 湖南雪峰源山茶油科技有限公司 | Planting method of camellia oleifera |
| CN112939689A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2021-06-11 | 湖南泥头山油茶开发有限公司 | Tea oil tree nutrient soil and preparation method thereof |
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