CN103917188A - 带有钉增强夹具的外科器械 - Google Patents

带有钉增强夹具的外科器械 Download PDF

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CN103917188A
CN103917188A CN201280052108.4A CN201280052108A CN103917188A CN 103917188 A CN103917188 A CN 103917188A CN 201280052108 A CN201280052108 A CN 201280052108A CN 103917188 A CN103917188 A CN 103917188A
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fixture
enhancing
equipment according
tissue
shank
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CN103917188B (zh
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T·W·休伊坦马
J·S·斯韦兹
J·M·西格尔
W·A·科尔
S·G·哈尔
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Ethicon Endo Surgery Inc
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/04Protection of tissue around surgical sites against effects of non-mechanical surgery, e.g. laser surgery
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B17/07292Reinforcements for staple line, e.g. pledgets
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels, umbilical cord
    • A61B17/122Clamps or clips, e.g. for the umbilical cord
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels, umbilical cord
    • A61B17/128Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels, umbilical cord for applying or removing clamps or clips
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels, umbilical cord
    • A61B17/122Clamps or clips, e.g. for the umbilical cord
    • A61B17/1227Spring clips
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/04Protection of tissue around surgical sites against effects of non-mechanical surgery, e.g. laser surgery
    • A61B2090/0409Specification of type of protection measures
    • A61B2090/0427Prevention of contact

Abstract

一种设备包括具有切割器和缝合器的外科器械。所述切割器能够操作以切断组织的部分。所述设备还包括多个钉,其中所述缝合器能够操作以将所述多个钉引入到组织中,从而形成钉线。所述设备还包括增强夹具。所述增强夹具能够操作以与所述钉线选择性地连通。所述增强夹具包括冠部、腿部和齿部。在一些型式中,所述腿部具有能够操作以覆盖由所述钉线限定的区域的宽度。在一些型式中,所述齿部能够锚定到组织中。

Description

带有钉增强夹具的外科器械
背景技术
在一些环境下,内窥镜式外科器械可以优于传统的开放式外科装置,因为较小切口可以减少术后恢复时间和并发症。因此,一些内窥镜式外科器械可以适于将远侧端部执行器穿过套管针的插管放置在期望手术部位处。这些远侧端部执行器可通过多种方式接合组织以便达到诊断或治疗的效果,所述远侧端部执行器如,直线切割器、抓紧器、切割器、缝合器、施夹器、进入装置、药物/基因治疗递送装置以及使用超声、射频、激光等的能量递送装置。内窥镜式外科器械可以包括轴,所述轴在端部执行器与由临床医生操纵的柄部部分之间。此类轴可以允许插入达到期望深度并且围绕轴的纵向轴线旋转,从而有利于端部执行器在患者体内定位。还可通过添加一个或多个关节运动接头或结构而进一步有利于端部执行器的定位,从而使得端部执行器能选择性地进行关节运动,或以其它方式相对轴的纵向轴线偏转。
内窥镜式外科器械的例子包括外科缝合器。一些这样的缝合器能够操作以夹紧在组织层上,切割穿过夹紧的组织层,并驱动钉穿过组织层,以在组织层的被切断的端部附近将切断的组织层基本上密封在一起。仅示例性的外科缝合器在以下美国专利中公开:于1989年2月21日公布的名称为“Pocket Configuration for Internal Organ Staplers”的美国专利第4,805,823号;于1995年5月16日公布的名称为“Surgical Stapler and StapleCartridge”的美国专利第5,415,334号;于1995年11月14日公布的名称为“Surgical Stapler Instrument”的美国专利第5,465,895号;于1997年1月28日公布的名称为“Surgical Stapler Instrument”的美国专利第5,597,107号;于1997年5月27日公布的名称为“Surgical Instrument”的美国专利第5,632,432号;于1997年10月7日公布的名称为“Surgical Instrument”的美国专利第5,673,840号;于1998年1月6日公布的名称为“ArticulationAssembly for Surgical Instruments”的美国专利第5,704,534号;于1998年9月29日公布的名称为“Surgical Clamping Mechanism”的美国专利第5,814,055号;于2005年12月27日公布的名称为“Surgical StaplingInstrument Incorporating an E-Beam Firing Mechanism”的美国专利第6,978,921号;于2006年2月21日公布的名称为“Surgical StaplingInstrument Having Separate Distinct Closing and Firing Systems”的美国专利第7,000,818号;于2006年12月5日公布的名称为“Surgical StaplingInstrument Having a Firing Lockout for an Unclosed Anvil”的美国专利第7,143,923号;于2007年12月4日公布的名称为“Surgical StaplingInstrument Incorporating a Multi-Stroke Firing Mechanism with a FlexibleRack”的美国专利号7,303,108;于2008年5月6日公布的名称为“SurgicalStapling Instrument Incorporating a Multistroke Firing Mechanism Having aRotary Transmission”的美国专利第7,367,485号;于2008年6月3日公布的名称为“Surgical Stapling Instrument Having a Single Lockout Mechanism forPrevention of Firing”的美国专利第7,380,695号;于2008年6月3日公布的名称为“Articulating Surgical Stapling Instrument Incorporating a Two-Piece E-Beam Firing Mechanism”的美国专利第7,380,696号;于2008年7月29日公布的名称为“Surgical Stapling and Cutting Device的”美国专利第7,404,508号;于2008年10月14日公布的名称为“Surgical StaplingInstrument Having Multistroke Firing with Opening Lockout”的美国专利第7,434,715号;以及于2010年5月25日公布的名称为“Disposable Cartridgewith Adhesive for Use with a Stapling Device”的美国专利第7,721,930号。上文所引用的美国专利中的每一个中的公开内容均以引用方式并入本文。虽然上文所涉及的外科缝合器被描述为用于内窥镜式手术,但应理解,此类外科缝合器也可以用于开放式手术和/或其它非内窥镜式手术。
虽然已经制造并且使用各种类型的外科缝合器械以及相关部件,但是据信,在本发明人前尚未有人研制出或使用所附权利要求书中所描述的发明。
附图说明
并入本说明书并构成其一部分的附图示出本发明的各实施例,并与上文所给出的本发明的一般说明以及下文所给出的实施例的详细说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1A描绘了关节运动式外科器械的透视图,其中端部执行器处于非关节运动位置;
图1B描绘了图1A的外科器械的透视图,其中端部执行器处于关节运动位置;
图2描绘了图1A至1B的外科器械中的打开的端部执行器的透视图;
图3A描绘了沿图2的线3-3截取的图2的端部执行器的侧视横截面图,其中击发杆处于近侧位置;
图3B描绘了沿图2的线3-3截取的图2的端部执行器的侧视横截面图,但示出了击发杆处于远侧位置;
图4描绘了沿图2的线4-4截取的图2的端部执行器的端视横截面图;
图5描绘了图2的端部执行器的分解透视图;
图6描绘了图2的端部执行器的透视图,所述端部执行器定位在组织处并已在组织中被致动了一次;
图7描绘了具有弹性结构的示例性增强夹具的透视图;
图8描绘了图7所示增强夹具的侧视图;
图9A描绘了具有带有施放器的延展性结构的示例性可选增强夹具的侧视图;
图9B描绘了图9A所示增强夹具的侧视图,其中施放器使增强夹具收缩;
图10A描绘了具有带有锁定夹具的柔性结构的示例性可选增强夹具的侧视图;
图10B描绘了图10A所述增强夹具的侧视图,其中锁定夹具被施加到夹具;
图11描绘了带有棘轮结构的示例性可选增强夹具的侧视图;
图12描绘了带有端部执行器的增强夹具的透视图,其中增强夹具已经被施加到组织;并且
图13描绘了具有局部分段结构的示例性可选增强夹具的透视图。
附图并非意在以任何方式进行限制,并且可以预期本发明的各种实施例能够以多种其它方式来执行,包括那些未必在附图中示出的方式。附图并入本说明书中并构成其一部分,示出了本发明的若干方面,并与具体实施方式一起用于说明本发明的原理;然而,应当理解,本发明不限于所示出的明确布置方式。
具体实施方式
本发明的某些例子以下描述不应用来限制本发明的范围。通过举例说明对设想用于实施本发明的其中一种最佳方式的以下描述,本发明的其它例子、特征、方面、实施例和优点对于本领域的技术人员而言将会变得显而易见。正如将意识到,本发明可以是其它不同并明显的方面,这些都不与本发明脱离。因此,附图和具体实施方式应视为实质上是示例性的,而非限制性的。
I.示例性外科缝合器
图1至6描绘了示例性外科缝合和切断器械10,在图1A中描绘的非关节运动的状态下,其尺寸设定成穿过套管针的插管通道插入患者手术部位,以便执行外科手术。外科缝合和切断器械10包括连接至执行部分22的柄部部分20,所述执行部分还包括轴23,该轴远侧终止在关节运动机构11和在远侧附接的端部执行器12处。一旦关节运动机构11和端部执行器12穿过套管针的插管通道插入,关节运动机构11就可通过关节运动控件13进行远程关节运动,如在图1B中所描绘。由此,端部执行器12可从期望角度或为其它原因到达器官或附近组织的后面。应当理解,诸如“近侧”和“远侧”的术语在本文中是参考器械10中临床医生抓握的柄部部分20而使用的。因此,端部执行器12相对更近侧的柄部部分20处于远侧。还应理解,为简洁和清楚起见,本文可以结合附图使用空间术语,如“竖直”和“水平”。然而,外科器械在多个取向上和位置中使用,并且这些术语并非意图进行限制,也并非是绝对。
本例子的端部执行器12包括下钳口16和可枢转式砧座18。柄部部分20包括手枪式握把24,临床医生将闭合触发器26枢转拉向该手枪式握把,以使砧座18朝向端部执行器12的下钳口16夹紧或者闭合。砧座18的这种闭合通过最外侧的闭合套管32提供,所述闭合套管响应闭合触发器26相对手枪式握把24的枢转而相对于柄部部分20纵向平移。闭合套管32的远侧闭合环33由执行部分22的框架34间接支撑。在关节运动机构11处,闭合套管32的近侧闭合管35与远侧闭合环33连通。框架34经由关节运动机构11柔性附接到下钳口16,使得能够在单个平面中进行关节运动。框架34还在纵向上滑动地支撑击发驱动构件(未示出),所述击发驱动构件延伸穿过轴23并将击发运动从击发触发器28传递到击发杆14。击发触发器28远离闭合触发器26的外侧,并且能被临床医生枢转拉动,以使所夹紧的组织在端部执行器12中被缝合和切断,如下文将更详细地描述。然后,按下释放按钮30,以从端部执行器12释放组织。
图2至5示出了端部执行器12,其采用了E形梁击发杆14来执行多个功能。如图3A至3B中最佳地示出,击发杆14包括横向取向的上部销38、击发杆顶盖44、横向取向的中间销46和处于远侧的切割刃48。上部销38定位在砧座18的砧座凹坑40内并且能够在该砧座凹坑中平移。击发杆顶盖44通过使击发杆14延伸穿过通道狭槽45(如图3B所示)而可滑动地接合下钳口16的下表面,该通道狭槽穿过下钳口16形成。中间销46可滑动地接合下钳口16的顶部表面,从而与击发杆顶盖44协作。从而,击发杆14在击发期间肯定与端部执行器12隔开,从而以最小量的夹紧组织来克服可能在砧座18与下钳口16之间出现的紧缩,并以过多量的夹紧组织克服钉变形。
图2示出了朝近侧定位的击发杆14和枢转到打开位置的砧座18,从而允许未耗尽的钉仓37可移除地安装到下钳口16的通道中。如图4至5中最佳地示出,这个例子中的钉仓37包括仓体70,所述仓体具有上部平台72并与下部的仓托盘74联接。如图2中最佳地示出,竖直狭槽49被形成为穿过钉仓37的部分。还如图2中最佳地示出,三行钉孔51在竖直狭槽49一侧上穿过上部平台72形成,其中另一组的三行钉孔51在竖直狭槽49另一侧上穿过上部平台72形成。重新参见图3至5,楔形滑动件41和多个钉驱动器43被捕集在仓体70与托盘74之间,其中楔形滑动件41被定位成邻近钉驱动器43。楔形滑动件41可在钉仓37内纵向地运动;而钉驱动器43可在钉仓37内竖直地运动。钉47也被定位在仓体70中,处于对应钉驱动器43上方。具体地讲,每个钉47在仓体70中被钉驱动器43竖直地驱动,以驱动钉47从相关钉孔51穿出。如图3A至3B和5中最佳地示出,楔形滑动件41存在倾斜凸轮表面,当朝远侧驱动楔形滑动件41穿过钉仓37时,倾斜凸轮表面向上推压钉驱动器43。
利用如图3A所示地闭合的端部执行器12,通过使上部销38进入纵向砧座狭槽42,将击发杆14推进至与砧座18接合。推块80位于击发杆14的远端处,并且能够接合楔形滑动件41,使得当击发杆14朝远侧推进穿过钉仓37时,楔形滑动件41被推块80朝远侧推压。在此类击发期间,击发杆14的切割刃48进入钉仓37的竖直狭槽49,从而切断被夹紧在钉仓37与砧座18之间的组织。如图3A-3B所示,中间销46和推块80通过进入钉仓37内的狭槽49而一起致动钉仓37,从而驱动楔形滑动件41与钉驱动器43进行向上凸起接触,继而将钉47向外驱动穿过钉孔51并使钉47与砧座18的内表面上的钉成形凹坑53形成接触。图3B示出了在完成组织的切断和缝合后完全朝远侧平移的击发杆14。
图6示出了端部执行器12,所述端部执行器已通过单个行程而被致动穿过组织90。切割刃48已经切穿组织90,同时钉驱动器43已经驱动三行交替的钉47穿过由切割刃48产生的切割线的每侧上的组织90。此例子中,钉47全部被取向成与切割线基本上平行,但应理解,钉47可定位成任何合适取向。本例子中,在第一行程完成之后,端部执行器12从套管针撤回,所用完的钉仓37会由新的钉仓取代,然后,端部执行器12再次插入穿过套管针以到达缝合部位,以便进一步地切割并且缝合。这个过程可以重复,直到提供了期望量的切割和钉47。可能需要将砧座18闭合以有利于通过套管针来插入和撤回;并且可能需要将砧座18打开以有利于更换钉仓37。
应当理解,在每个致动行程期间,切割刃48可基本上在驱动钉47穿过组织的同时切断组织。本例子中,切割刃48仅仅稍稍落后于钉47的驱动,使得钉47正好在切割刃48穿过组织的相同区域前驱动穿过该组织,但应理解,这个顺序可以颠倒,或者切割刃48可直接与相邻的钉同步。虽然图6示出了端部执行器12在组织90的两个层92、94中被致动,但应理解,端部执行器12可被致动穿过组织90的单个层或者组织的多于两个的层92、94。还应理解,与切割刃48所产生的切割线相邻的钉47的成形和定位可基本上密封该切割线处的组织,由此,减少或者防止切割线处出血和/或体内其它流体渗漏。参考本文的教导内容,可以使用器械10的各种合适的设置和手术对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
应当理解,可以根据以下美国专利中的教导内容中的任一个来配置并操作器械10:美国专利号4,805,823;美国专利号5,415,334;美国专利号5,465,895;美国专利号5,597,107;美国专利号5,632,432;美国专利号5,673,840;美国专利号5,704,534;美国专利号5,814,055;美国专利号6,978,921;美国专利号7,000,818;美国专利号7,143,923;美国专利号7,303,108;美国专利号7,367,485;美国专利号7,380,695;美国专利号7,380,696;美国专利号7,404,508;美国专利号7,434,715;和/或美国专利号7,721,930。
如上所述,这些专利中的每一个中的公开内容均以引用方式并入本文。可提供用于器械10的其它的示例性修改形式将会在下文中更详细地描述。可将下述教导内容结合到器械10内的各种合适方式对本领域的普通技术人员而言将会显而易见。类似地是,可将下述教导内容与本文所引用的专利的各种教导内容组合的各种合适方式对本领域的普通技术人员而言将会显而易见。另外,应当理解,下述教导内容并不限于本文所引用的专利中教导的器械10或装置。下述教导内容可容易地应用到多种其它类型的器械,包括将不被分类为外科缝合器的器械。参考本文教导内容,可应用下述教导内容的各种其它合适装置和设置对本领域的普通技术人员而言将会显而易见。
II.示例性弹性钉增强夹具
图7示出了示例性增强夹具100。应当了解,一旦钉47被插入到手术部位中,就可沿着与植入的钉47相邻的切断组织192施加增强夹具100,以便增强钉47提供的组织密封。然而,应当了解,根据本文教导内容,如本领域的普通技术人员将显而易见,增强夹具100能以各种其它方式使用。
增强夹具100包括冠部102、腿部104和齿部106。本例子中,增强夹具100具有修圆矩形截面。在其它仅示例性型式中,增强夹具100可以具有C形截面。根据本文教导内容,如本领域的普通技术人员将显而易见,增强夹具100可以使用其它合适形状。如在图7所示型式中看到,腿部104长到足以覆盖钉47和受外科手术影响的组织90部分。例如,在外科手术过程中,用户可以使用器械10将钉47施加到与器械10所切断的组织边缘192相邻的组织90一旦钉47被放置在组织90中,用户随即可以施加增强夹具100以便进一步地固定由钉47所提供的组织联接。增强夹具100可被馈送通过单独的套管针,以使两个套管针将最终用于手术,其中一个用于插入器械10将组织90的部分缝合,且另一个用于插入抓紧器或任何合适器械以便固持并且施加增强夹具100。在替代形式中,器械10和增强夹具100可以插入穿过单个大套管针,这个大套管针宽到足以装下增强夹具100和器械10。根据本文教导内容,将增强夹具100和器械10定位在手术部位处的其它合适方式对本领域的普通技术人员将会显而易见。
本例子中,增强夹具100所具有的宽度沿着组织90的部分近似延伸,其中钉47沿切断组织192施加。在其它的示例性型式中,增强夹具100可具有的宽度显著宽于其中插入钉47的组织90。当然,根据本文教导内容,如本领域的普通技术人员将显而易见,增强夹具100可以使用任何合适尺寸或者宽度。
本例子的增强夹具100包括可分解材料,例如像聚对二氧环己酮(PDS),这样,一旦施加增强夹具100,所述增强夹具就会随着时间推移分解,而不要求用户移除增强夹具100。根据本文教导内容,如本领域的普通技术人员将显而易见,增强夹具可以使用其它合适材料,诸如聚己内酯(PCL)、聚乙交酯(PGA)、聚乳酸(PLA)、聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物(PLLA)或任何其它合适材料。还应理解,增强夹具100可在将增强夹具100植入患者体内后移除。此外,应当了解,根据本文教导内容,如本领域的普通技术人员将显而易见,增强夹具100可由任何合适材料构造。本例子中,增强夹具100可由弹性材料构造,以使增强夹具100偏置,从而保持图7至8一般所示位置。由此,用户可以使用抓紧器或任何其它合适器械来展开并释放腿部104,从而允许增强夹具100在组织90上闭合。在其它的示例性型式中,增强夹具100可以通过在平行于切断组织边缘192的方向上滑动增强夹具来在手术部位之上滑动。
冠部102能够操作以使腿部104以足够的压力来充分夹紧,这样,与齿部106结合的腿部104能够操作以围绕与施加钉47的地方相邻的组织90来闭合。在其它的示例性型式中,冠部102可以包括活动铰链或者任何其它合适结构,这将在下文中进一步地详细描述。本例子中,冠部102包括弹性材料。在其它的示例性型式中,根据本文教导内容,如本领域的普通技术人员将显而易见,冠部102可以使用任何合适结构。
齿部106被定形成具有钝边,所述钝边如图7所示按压在组织90上,而不一定刺穿或者穿透组织90。在一些变型中,齿部106可涂布有治疗材料(例如,凝结剂等)。如在图7至8中看到,齿部106被按压在组织90的表面上,以便围绕组织90固定增强夹具100。在其它仅示例性型式中,齿部106可以包括尖锐末端,以使齿部106锚定在组织90内。如所示型式中看到,当齿部106被挤压在一起时,齿部106在组织90上施加相反压力。应当了解,由于这种相反压力,夹紧在增强夹具100内的组织90部分可与可能会导致组织90的层彼此分离的相反的力隔离。由此,钉47不太可能撕裂增强夹具100内的组织90。还应理解,齿部106所提供的夹紧力可帮助在钉470和切断边缘192处实现止血。
III.示例性延展性的钉增强夹具
图9A至9B示出具有延展特性的示例性增强夹具200,其中增强夹具200被施加到组织90。图9A示出组织90,所述组织已被缝合并切割而留有切断边缘192。增强夹具200被放置在图9A所示组织90之上,以使腿部204覆盖钉47。增强夹具200还包括冠部202和齿部206。增强夹具200是有延展性的,以使具有连接到轴254的钳口252的施放器250可以用于在组织90已经切断并缝合的情况下使得增强夹具200围绕钉47收缩
图9B示出钳口252,所述钳口围绕增强夹具200闭合以使增强夹具200围绕钉47和切断组织192收缩。一旦收缩,增强夹具200就能操作以保持其收缩形状,以使施放器250可移除,同时增强夹具200保持围绕手术区域夹紧。
IV.示例性柔性钉增强夹具
图10A至10B示出具有大体柔性结构的示例性增强夹具300,所述大体柔性结构未偏置来保持任何特定位置。具体地讲,此例子的增强夹具300包括活动铰链302,所述活动铰链连接腿部304。腿部304通向齿部306。所示型式还示出了锁定结构350,所述锁定结构可以用于使得增强夹具300围绕组织90闭合。活动铰链302是充分柔性的,以便允许腿部304易于分离到钉47的顶部上的位置处。在增强夹具300已经充分围绕钉47放置后,锁定结构350可以滑入增强夹具300,如图10B所示,从而致使增强夹具300被锁定在夹紧位置。本例子中,锁定结构350定位在活动铰链302上,但就本文教导内容而言,如本领域的普通技术人员将显而易见,锁定结构350可以使用任何合适位置。例如,锁定结构350可以围绕腿部304扣紧。本例子中,锁定结构350包括U形夹具,但是锁定结构也可使用任何合适结构。在一些仅示例性型式中,根据本文教导内容,如本领域的普通技术人员将显而易见,锁定结构350可以包括倒刺、扣子、或任何其它合适锁定机构。
图11示出锁定结构350可采用的一个仅说明性可选形式。具体地讲,图11示出增强夹具400,所述增强夹具包括一体棘轮结构450。增强夹具400同样包括腿部404、冠部402和齿部406。棘轮结构450包括穿过单向门闸454的调整带452。门闸454定位在一个腿部404上,而调整带452从另一腿部404延伸。当拉动调整带452穿过门闸454时,增强夹具400更紧密地闭合,并且防止带452倒转穿过门闸454。因此,带452和门闸454与常规拉链带子、线缆带子或者裹带类似地操作。通过控制最终被拉动通过门闸454的调整带452的长度,用户可以控制增强夹具400的紧密度,并且因此,基于手术部位处的组织90厚度调整增强夹具400的紧密度。
图13示出增强夹具500的又一仅示例性型式。此例子的增强夹具500具有局部分段结构。增强夹具500包括腿部504、冠部502和夹紧区域506。增强夹具500还包括沿着增强夹具500长度间隔开的多个横向成形凹口508。本例子中,凹口508沿着增强夹具500均匀间隔开来,但就本文教导内容而言,如本领域的普通技术人员将显而易见,可以使用任何合适间隔配置。例如,凹口508可集中在增强夹具500的一个区域,而在其它区域更为稀松。应当了解,凹口508能够操作以提供增强夹具500的柔性的方式为遵循由增强夹具500包封的任何组织90的运动和/或轮廓。应当了解,增强夹具500能够操作以减轻流体压力在增强夹具500与增强夹具90所固持的组织90之间累积的情况。根据本文教导内容,其中可以在增强夹具中提供分段的其它合适方式对本领域的普通技术人员而言将会显而易见。
图12示出增强夹具100,所述增强夹具已经在组织90内用来固定钉线(由增强夹具100所覆盖)。如上所述,随着时间推移,增强夹具100可逐渐地分解,或在其它示例性的型式中,增强夹具100可由用户移除。在其它可选型式中,增强夹具100可仅留在患者体内,而不移除或者分解。本文所述其它夹具200、300、400、500也可如如12所示那样使用。
应当理解,本文所述教导内容、表达方式、实施例、例子等中的任何一个或多个可与本文所述其它教导内容、表达方式、实施例、例子等中的任何一个或多个结合。因此,下述教导内容、表达方式、实施例、例子等不应视为彼此隔离。参考本文教导内容,其中本文教导内容可结合的各种合适方式对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将会显而易见。此类修改形式和变型旨在包括在权利要求书的范围内。
上文所述装置型式可施用于医学专家所执行的常规医疗处理和手术中,并且可施用于机器人辅助的医疗处理和手术中。
上文所述型式可设计为在单次使用后丢弃,或者它们可设计为能够使用多次。在上述任一种或两种情况下,都可针对这些型式进行修复,以便在使用至少一次后重复使用。修复可以包括以下步骤任何组合:拆卸装置,然后清洗或者更换特定部件,并且随后重新组装。具体地讲,可拆卸所述装置的一些型式,并可选择性地以任何组合的形式更换或者移除所述装置的任意数量的特定部件或零件。在清洗和/或更换特定零件时,所述装置的一些型式可在修复设施中重新组装或在即将进行手术前由用户重新组装以供随后使用。本领域的技术人员将会知道,装置修复可以利用多种技术进行拆卸、清洗/更换以及重新组装。此类技术的使用和所得修复装置全都在本发明的范围内。
仅以举例方式,本文所述型式可在手术之前和/或之后进行消毒。在一种消毒技术中,装置放置在闭合并密封的容器、诸如塑料袋或TYVEK袋中。随后,可将容器和装置放置在可穿透容器的诸如γ辐射、X射线或高能电子等的辐射场中。辐射可以杀死装置上和容器中的细菌。消毒后的装置随后可以存放在消毒容器中,以备以后使用。还可使用在本领域中已知的任何其它技术进行装置消毒,所述技术包括但不限于β或γ辐射、环氧乙烷或者蒸汽消毒。
尽管已在本发明中示出并描述了多个型式,但是本领域的普通技术人员可在不脱离本发明的范围的前提下进行适当修改以对本文所述的方法和系统进行进一步地改进。已经提及若干此类潜在修改形式,并且其它修改形式对于本领域的技术人员而言将会显而易见。例如,上文所讨论的例子、型式、几何形状、材料、尺寸、比率、步骤等等均是示例性的而非所要求的。因此,本发明的范围应以以下权利要求书作考虑,并且应理解为不限于说明书和附图中示出并描述的结构以及操作细节。

Claims (20)

1.一种设备,包括:
(a)包括切割器和缝合器的外科器械,其中所述切割器能够切断组织的部分;
(b)与所述缝合器连通的多个钉,其中所述缝合器能够将所述多个钉引入到切断的组织部分,其中所述缝合器能够形成带有所述多个钉的钉线;和
(c)增强夹具,所述增强夹具能够选择性地覆盖所述钉线,其中所述增强夹具能够在所述多个钉已引入到切断的组织部分后施加,其中所述增强夹具包括冠部、腿部和齿部,其中所述腿部具有能够操作以覆盖由所述钉线限定的区域的宽度,其中所述齿部能够将所述齿部锚定到组织中,其中所述增强夹具能够覆盖所述钉线和所述切断的组织部分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述冠部包括活动铰链。
3.根据权利要求2所述的设备,其中所述冠部还包括至少一个锁定结构,所述至少一个锁定结构能够操作以锁定所述活动铰链,从而将所述活动铰链固定在预定位置。
4.根据权利要求3所述的设备,其中所述至少一个锁定结构包括至少一个扣子。
5.根据权利要求2所述的设备,其中所述活动铰链包括棘轮结构,其中所述棘轮结构能够使得所述活动铰链仅能够在一个方向上运动。
6.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述增强夹具包括吸收材料。
7.根据权利要求6所述的设备,其中所述吸收材料包括聚对二氧环己酮。
8.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述增强夹具能够围绕切断的组织部分形成密封。
9.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述增强夹具包括细长的C形截面。
10.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述增强夹具包括可变形的材料。
11.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述外科器械能够被致动以使用所述外科缝合器将所述钉引入到组织的部分中,其中所述增强夹具能够覆盖以单次致动引入的所有钉。
12.根据权利要求1所述的设备,还包括施放器械,其中所述施放器械能够将所述增强夹具夹紧在所述钉线之上。
13.根据权利要求12所述的设备,其中所述施放器械还能够以足够的力来夹紧,以便压挤以及固定所述钉线。
14.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述增强夹具包括内部和外部,其中所述内部能够围绕切断的组织部分定位,其中所述增强夹具的所述齿部能够以足够的力来夹紧,使得所述内部保持与所述外部机械隔离。
15.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述增强夹具能够包封所述钉线,而不接触所述钉线。
16.一种设备,包括:
(a)夹具,所述夹具包括冠部、腿部和齿部,其中所述夹具能够包封钉线,其中所述夹具的腿部包括足够宽以覆盖所述钉线的宽度的宽度,其中所述齿部能够锚定组织,其中所述冠部包括可变形的材料;和
(b)外科施放器,其中所述施放器与所述夹具选择性地连通,其中所述施放器能够将所述夹具递送到手术部位,其中所述施放器还能够夹紧所述夹具,从而锚定所述夹具,其中所述外科施放器还能够将所述夹具夹紧在所述钉线之上。
17.根据权利要求16所述的设备,其中所述冠部包括活动铰链和锁定结构,其中所述活动铰链能够操作以使所述腿部能够运动,其中所述锁定结构能够选择性地防止所述活动铰链运动。
18.根据权利要求16所述的设备,其中所述锁定结构包括能够定位在所述活动铰链之上的倒刺。
19.根据权利要求16所述的设备,其中所述夹具包括吸收材料,所述吸收材料能够随着时间推移被吸收,其中所述吸收材料包括聚对二氧环己酮。
20.一种用于使用增强夹具、外科切割器和缝合器、以及外科施放器来增强钉线的方法,其中所述增强夹具包括一对平坦夹紧腿部、定位在所述腿部之间的冠部、以及与所述腿部连通的齿部,所述方法包括:
(a)将所述外科切割器和缝合器引入到手术部位;
(b)用所述外科切割器和缝合器来切断所述手术部位处的组织的部分;
(c)用所述外科切割器和缝合器来缝合切断的组织部分,从而产生钉线,其中缝合切断的组织部分的动作与切断组织部分的动作基本上同时发生;
(d)将所述外科切割器和缝合器从所述手术部位移除;
(e)将所述外科施放器引入到所述手术部位;
(f)将所述增强夹具施加到所述钉线;
(g)用所述增强夹具包封所述钉线的宽度;
(h)用所述增强夹具夹紧所述钉线;
(i)移除所述外科施放器。
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EP3461428B1 (en) 2022-11-09
WO2013039821A1 (en) 2013-03-21
CN103917188B (zh) 2017-02-15
EP2755590A1 (en) 2014-07-23
RU2611916C2 (ru) 2017-03-01
JP6208134B2 (ja) 2017-10-04
IN2014DN01970A (zh) 2015-05-15
BR112014006383A2 (pt) 2017-04-04
EP2755590B1 (en) 2018-11-21
MX2014003170A (es) 2014-09-22
RU2014114841A (ru) 2015-10-20
MX343434B (es) 2016-11-03
US9254180B2 (en) 2016-02-09
US20130068821A1 (en) 2013-03-21

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