CN103843544A

CN103843544A - Cistanche breeding method

Info

Publication number: CN103843544A
Application number: CN201210509529.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 安华芳
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-11-30
Filing date: 2012-11-30
Publication date: 2014-06-11

Abstract

A Cistanche breeding method is characterized by including steps of 1, culturing artificial Haloxylon ammodendron forests, planting for 2 to 3 years after 1 to 2 years, and then inoculating the Cistanche; 2, digging seedbeds on the east or southeast direction of the field Haloxylon ammodendron forests, establishing one seedbed with the 1.5m length, 1m width and 0.7m depth far from the host root 50 to 80cm; sowing seeds on the seedbeds, and applying 30 to 40 cm of nutrient-medium humus; sowing in spring or autumn, allowing the Cistanche to be parasitic in the second year and sprout, blossom and bear fruits in 2 to 4 years after sowing; 3, when the Cistanche blooms in May, performing artificial pollination, and increasing fruit bearing rate. The method has the advantages that the problems that market demands cannot be met through wild Cistanche and resource depletion is caused by large-scale wild Cistanche exploitation are solved.

Description

The propagation method of a kind of saline cistanche

Technical field

The present invention relates to plant propagation technical field, be specifically related to the propagation method of a kind of saline cistanche.

Background technology

Saline cistanche is the dry herb of orobanchaceae plant cistanche (CistanchedeserticoloY.C.Ma).Call desert cistanche, rue greatly, examine dry high want (Mongolian).Taste is sweet, salty.Warm in nature.Have tonifying kidney and strengthening yang, benefiting essence-blood, relax bowel, the function of strengthening the bones and muscles.Control the diseases such as impotence, waist knee crymodynia, infertile, the dry constipation of intestines.Main product in the Inner Mongol, the provinces and regions such as Xinjiang, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai.Its biomorph is characterized as perennial parasitic herbaceous plant, and stem meat is cylindrical or bottom is more flat.High 40-l60 centimetre, bottom is thicker, upwards gradually thin.Leaf flakey, yellowish white, bottom leaf is closely wide short and thick, upwards gradually sparse long and narrow and thin, blade triangle.Lanceolar or narrow lanceolar, stockless.Spike is thick, and top is raw, cylindrical, and long 15 1 50 centimetres of capsules are avette, and when ripe, 2 lobes split, brown, and fruit includes hundreds of grain seed.Seed is oval or spherical, and one end is sharper, and pitchy is glossy, and size is l mono-1.2mm × 0.7-lmm.Yield positive results 5 June.Habit of growth is parasitic plant, and host is sacsaoul and haloxylon persicum etc.Parasitic point has several unconspicuous buds conventionally, and without autotrophy independence root system, the nutrition of asking for host by sucker maintains growth, at underground Development And Differentiation.Early growth is slow, and after the 3rd year, growing way is accelerated, and one of them forms larger fleshy stem.While excavating, if do not destroyed parasitic point and root thereof, adult plant next year growth being made new advances.Saline cistanche happiness drought weather.Strong stress resistance, drought-resistant.Happiness long-day, the characteristic that accumulated temperature is high, day and night temperature is large, growing of underground water abundance is good.Cistanche deserticola seed is preserved the vigor that still has for 3 years under field conditions (factors), under refrigerator low temperature drying condition the life-span longer, store vigor with 25 ℃ of wet sand and decline.Seed water absorbing force is strong, can induce strange main capillary root to extend contact to seed and form parasitic relation.

Saline cistanche meridian distribution of property and flavor is sweet, salty, temperature.Return kidney, large intestine channel.Gas is micro-, sweet, the micro-hardship of taste.Function cures mainly kidney-replenishing, and benefiting essence-blood relaxes bowel.For impotence, infertile, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, muscles and bones is unable, the dry constipation of intestines.Because saline cistanche medical value is high, be again wild plant, people are constantly excavating, and cause resource exhaustion.

Summary of the invention

Object of the present invention is to adopt domestication to breed, in wild sacsaoul east side or southeast side direction dig seedbed, Seed Points is sowed on seedbed, apply matrix humus soil,, promote induction host root to extend, in 2-4, be unearthed, blossom and bear fruit.Solving Wild Cistanche can not meet the need of market, and exploits in a large number Wild Cistanche and cause the problem of resource exhaustion.

To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is specific as follows:

1. cultivate artificial Cakcayr Forest: field planting in 1～2 year, distance between rows and hills l～l.5m, field planting is after 2～3 years, inoculating cistanche salsa.

2. propagation method: in wild sacsaoul east side or southeast side direction dig seedbed, apart from host's root 50～80 centimeters, build long 1.5m, wide lm, dark 0.7m seedbed; Seed Points is sowed on seedbed, applies 30～40 centimetres of nutrient matrix humus soil.Spring or sow in autumn, saline cistanche parasitism in Second Year seedbed, is unearthed, blossoms and bears fruit in after planting 2～4 years.

Described breeding humus soil is that humus soil is neutralized to pH value is 5.8-6.8, in 1000 parts of humus soil, add fertilizer one trace and macroelement again, its weight portion is: 000 part of ammonium salt 100-650 part, potash fertilizer 300-550 part, trace element magnesium 300-550 part, trace elements iron 30-60 part, trace copper 30-60 part trace element zinc 5-15 part, trace element manganese 3-5 part, boric acid 5-8 part, shale ashes 3000-5.It is characterized in that described ammonium salt is at least one in ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium molybdate.

3. field management: in desert, wind is large, host's root is often exposed by wind, note earthing up windproof, the seedbed soil moisture conservation of will often watering.When saline cistanche blooms May, carry out artificial pollination, improve ripening rate.

4. the extermination of disease and insect pest

(1) sacsaoul powdery mildew occurs for 7～August, the spray of causing harm.Prevent and treat method: with 300 times of liquid of Bo-10 biologic product or 4000 times of liquid spraying controls of 25% triadimefon.

(2) sacsaoul root rot mostly occurred in seedling stage, the root of causing harm.Prevent and treat method: select well-drained sand plantation, strengthen loosening the soil; Emergence period is with 50% carbendazim l000 times liquid irrigating root.

(3) plant fly and occur in the saline cistanche season of flowers that is unearthed, the larva tender stem of causing harm, bores tunnel, moth people subterranean stem base portion.Prevent and treat method: 800 times of liquid of available 90% chlorophos or 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate l000 times of liquid overground part sprayed or pouring root.

(4) Rhombomys opimus is gnawed sacsaoul branch, root system.Prevent and treat method: outside hole, trap and kill with zinc phosphide or Talon poison bait.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is to adopt domestication to breed, in wild sacsaoul east side or southeast side direction dig seedbed, Seed Points is sowed on seedbed, apply matrix humus soil,, promote induction host root to extend, in 2～4 years, be unearthed, blossom and bear fruit.Having solved Wild Cistanche can not meet the need of market, and exploits in a large number Wild Cistanche and cause the problem of resource exhaustion.

Embodiment

The present invention is described further in conjunction with planting base, Gansu

The propagation method of example 1, a kind of saline cistanche

1, selection of land, whole ground should select sand or half arvideserta area, with soil be neutrality or meta-alkalescence, sunny, rainfall is few, draining is good, day and night temperature is greatly good.The ground, desert that can utilize natural Cakcayr Forest to concentrate, encloses and blocks, and prevents that cattle and sheep and camel from gnawing, watering, fertilizing, and strong host is held up in protection.Also can cultivate artificial Cakcayr Forest, the sacsaoul seed of after autumn gathering, bedding in spring seeding and seedling raising.Within after planting seed 1-3 days, emerge, field planting after 1 one 2 years, distance between rows and hills l-l.5m, after field planting 2-3, robust growth, can inoculating cistanche salsa.Sacsaoul also can be live, but should notice that windproof water conservation keeps a full stand of seedings.2. modes of reproduction seminal propagation.In wild sacsaoul east side or southeast side direction dig seedbed, apart from host's root 50 1 80 centimeters, seedbed is not of uniform size, long 1.5m, wide lm left and right, dark 0.7m; Or the intensive place of host, can dig a large seedbed ditch around many strain hosts, Seed Points is sowed on seedbed, apply 30～40 centimetres of nutrient matrix humus soil.Stay ditch or hole, seedbed above, to water.Artificial Cakcayr Forest is grown neatly, is embarked on journey, and can do seedbed at plant both sides trench digging.After planting keep seedbed moistening, induction host root extends on seedbed.Spring or sow in autumn, has meat to send out on Rong's parasitism in Second Year part seedbed, the minority growth of being unearthed is most of being after planting unearthed, blossoming and bearing fruit in 2-4.

Described breeding humus soil is that humus soil is neutralized to pH value is 4.8-5.8, in 1 000 parts of humus soil, add fertilizer one trace and macroelement again, its weight portion is: 000 part of ammonium salt 100-650 part, potash fertilizer 300-550 part, trace element magnesium 300-550 part, trace elements iron 30-60 part, trace copper 30-60 part trace element zinc 5-15 part, trace element manganese 3-5 part, boric acid 5-8 part, shale ashes 3000-5.It is characterized in that described ammonium salt is at least one in ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium molybdate.

3. in field management desert, wind is large, and host's root is often exposed by wind, note ridging or be trapped among near host's root windproofly with branch, and the seedbed soil moisture conservation of will often watering, removes other plant.When saline cistanche blooms May, carry out artificial pollination, improve ripening rate.

4. the extermination of disease and insect pest

(4) gather and process

1. the spring and autumn of gathering all can be gathered, to gather for 4～May as good.In the early spring, meat ash Rong absorbs the icy water ramp of thawing, and the 4-5 month can excavate.

2, process half reason half dew in the rearmounted sand of gathering spring and be Herba Cistanches (also claiming that salt rues greatly) after drying, can adopt following several processing method: (I) airing method is tedded daytime on sand ground, collect covering in heaps evening, prevent the large freezing saline cistanche of day and night temperature, dry rear color good, quality is high.(2) salt marsh method will a large person drops into and in salt lake, floods 1-3; Or dig on the ground the hole of 120 centimetres of 50 cm x 50 cm x, the large watertight plastic sack such as use to put into, in the time that temperature drops to O ℃, saline cistanche is put into bag, with local unprocessed native salt, be mixed with 40% marinating, Second Year March, taking-up is dried, and rues greatly for salty.(3) store sth. in a cellar method and below the critical line of frozen soil layer, dig a hole, fresh herba cistanches is buried in the earth in cooling at weather, Second Year takes out and dries.(5) technology of reserving seed for planting should be stayed sacsaoul seed and cistanche deserticola seed simultaneously.Should select grain large, full, reserve seed for planting without the seed of damage by disease and insect.

The invention reside in and adopt domestication breeding, in wild sacsaoul east side or southeast side direction dig seedbed, Seed Points is sowed on seedbed, apply matrix humus soil,, promote induction host root to extend, in 2～4 years, be unearthed, blossom and bear fruit.Having solved Wild Cistanche can not meet the need of market, and exploits in a large number Wild Cistanche and cause the problem of resource exhaustion.

Claims

1. a propagation method for saline cistanche, is characterized in that comprising following steps:

(1). cultivate artificial Cakcayr Forest: field planting in 1～2 year, distance between rows and hills l～l.5m, field planting is after 2～3 years, inoculating cistanche salsa;

(2). propagation method: in wild sacsaoul east side or southeast side direction dig seedbed, apart from host's root 50～80 centimeters, build long 1.5m, wide lm, dark 0.7m seedbed; Seed Points is sowed on seedbed, applies 30～40 centimetres of nutrient matrix humus soil; Spring or sow in autumn, saline cistanche parasitism in Second Year seedbed, is unearthed, blossoms and bears fruit in after planting 2～4 years;

(3). field management: in desert, wind is large, host's root is often exposed by wind, note earthing up windproof, and the seedbed soil moisture conservation of will often watering, when saline cistanche blooms May, carry out artificial pollination, improves ripening rate;

(4). the extermination of disease and insect pest

1. sacsaoul powdery mildew occurs for 7～August, and the spray of causing harm is prevented and treated method: with 300 times of liquid of Bo-10 biologic product or 4000 times of liquid spraying controls of 25% triadimefon;

2. sacsaoul root rot mostly occurred in seedling stage, the root of causing harm.Prevent and treat method: select well-drained sand plantation, strengthen loosening the soil; Emergence period is with 50% carbendazim l000 times liquid irrigating root;

3. plant fly and occur in the saline cistanche season of flowers that is unearthed, the larva tender stem of causing harm, bores tunnel, and moth people subterranean stem base portion is prevented and treated method: 800 times of liquid of available 90% chlorophos or 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate l000 times of liquid overground part spraying or pouring root;

4. Rhombomys opimus is gnawed sacsaoul branch, root system.Prevent and treat method: outside hole, trap and kill with zinc phosphide or Talon poison bait.

2. the propagation method of a kind of saline cistanche as claimed in claim 1, its nutrient matrix humus soil is that humus soil is neutralized to pH value is 5.8-6.8, in 1000 parts of humus soil, add fertilizer one trace and macroelement again, its weight portion is: 000 part of ammonium salt 100-650 part, potash fertilizer 300-550 part, trace element magnesium 300-550 part, trace elements iron 30-60 part, trace copper 30-60 part trace element zinc 5-15 part, trace element manganese 3-5 part, boric acid 5-8 part, shale ashes 3000-5.

3. the propagation method of a kind of saline cistanche as described in claim 1,2, its trace and macroelement: ammonium salt is at least one in ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium molybdate.