CN103931404B - A kind of detoxification Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens test tube width of seedling shoot narrow-row method - Google Patents
A kind of detoxification Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens test tube width of seedling shoot narrow-row method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103931404B CN103931404B CN201410180780.2A CN201410180780A CN103931404B CN 103931404 B CN103931404 B CN 103931404B CN 201410180780 A CN201410180780 A CN 201410180780A CN 103931404 B CN103931404 B CN 103931404B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ginger
- soil
- wide
- per
- plant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 title claims 2
- 241000234314 Zingiber Species 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 235000006886 Zingiber officinale Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 235000008397 ginger Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- WHGFMLVGYMAHGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropoxy)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)COC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F WHGFMLVGYMAHGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 208000035143 Bacterial infection Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 208000031888 Mycoses Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005944 Chlorpyrifos Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- SBPBAQFWLVIOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorpyrifos Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC1=NC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl SBPBAQFWLVIOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000244206 Nematoda Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- KAATUXNTWXVJKI-NSHGMRRFSA-N (1R)-cis-(alphaS)-cypermethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@@H](C=C(Cl)Cl)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@H](C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 KAATUXNTWXVJKI-NSHGMRRFSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IBSREHMXUMOFBB-JFUDTMANSA-N 5u8924t11h Chemical compound O1[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC)C[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)C[C@H](O[C@@H]2C(=C/C[C@@H]3C[C@@H](C[C@@]4(O3)C=C[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(C)C)O4)OC(=O)[C@@H]3C=C(C)[C@@H](O)[C@H]4OC\C([C@@]34O)=C/C=C/[C@@H]2C)/C)O[C@H]1C.C1=C[C@H](C)[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)O[C@]11O[C@H](C\C=C(C)\[C@@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O[C@@H]3O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC)C3)[C@@H](OC)C2)[C@@H](C)\C=C\C=C/2[C@]3([C@H](C(=O)O4)C=C(C)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3OC\2)O)C[C@H]4C1 IBSREHMXUMOFBB-JFUDTMANSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005660 Abamectin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005747 Chlorothalonil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000588698 Erwinia Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000233639 Pythium Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000607720 Serratia Species 0.000 claims description 3
- VMFXMTJCTSYHCF-HHQUSWFZSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r)-5-(hexylamino)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(7-hydroxy-4-oxo-1,3a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydroimidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-2-yl)amino]oxan-3-yl] carbamate Chemical compound CCCCCCN[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC(N)=O)[C@@H](CO)OC1\N=C\1NC(C(=O)NCC2O)C2N/1 VMFXMTJCTSYHCF-HHQUSWFZSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229950008167 abamectin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- CRQQGFGUEAVUIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorothalonil Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(C#N)=C(Cl)C(C#N)=C1Cl CRQQGFGUEAVUIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- PVTHJAPFENJVNC-MHRBZPPQSA-N kasugamycin Chemical compound N[C@H]1C[C@H](NC(=N)C(O)=O)[C@@H](C)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O PVTHJAPFENJVNC-MHRBZPPQSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims 2
- UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N streptomycin Chemical compound CN[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@](C=O)(O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229960005322 streptomycin Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 11
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013409 condiments Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000282376 Panthera tigris Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003716 rejuvenation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000021749 root development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种脱毒生姜试管苗宽窄行栽培，包括以下步骤：1)选地：选择PH5.3-PH7的微酸性、地势较高、土质疏松、肥沃、土层深厚、能排能灌的壤土或砂壤土地块；2)定植标准：试管苗高度约12厘米，茎粗杆约0.35厘米；3)定植方法：按宽行45厘米，窄行30厘米，株距20厘米；4)除草，使用有效成份10.8％的盖草能稀释1000倍喷雾，宽行利用有效含量20％六氟丙氧乙酸稀释1000倍定点喷雾，结合人工除草。5)肥料管理；6)水分管理：水分管理总原则是保持土壤湿润，不积水，夏季浇水应急灌、急排；7)病虫害防治；预防地下害虫、细菌、真菌病害；9)收获：及时收获、消毒、储藏，预防姜球腐烂；本发明具有提高产量和质量的特点，适合广泛应用。
The invention discloses a wide and narrow row cultivation of detoxified ginger test-tube seedlings, comprising the following steps: 1) selecting a site: selecting a slightly acidic site with a pH of 5.3-PH7, a relatively high terrain, loose soil, fertile soil, deep soil layer, and energy drainage Irrigated loam or sandy soil block; 2) Planting standard: test-tube seedling height is about 12 cm, thick stem is about 0.35 cm; 3) Planting method: 45 cm in wide row, 30 cm in narrow row, and 20 cm in plant spacing; 4) For weeding, use 10.8% active ingredient of grass can be diluted 1000 times to spray, wide line use effective content of 20% hexafluoropropoxyacetic acid to dilute 1000 times fixed-point spray, combined with manual weeding. 5) Fertilizer management; 6) Water management: The general principle of water management is to keep the soil moist without water accumulation, and to water in summer for emergency irrigation and drainage; 7) Pest control: prevention of underground pests, bacteria, and fungal diseases; 9) Harvest: Harvest, sterilize and store in time to prevent ginger balls from rotting; the invention has the characteristics of improving yield and quality and is suitable for wide application.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于植物种植技术领域，涉及一种种植脱毒生姜试管苗(原原种)的方法，尤其涉及脱毒生姜原原种宽窄行栽培方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of plant planting, and relates to a method for planting virus-free ginger test-tube seedlings (original seedlings), in particular to a method for cultivating virus-free ginger original seedlings in wide and narrow rows.
背景技术Background technique
姜是世界上最重要的药食同源的香辛蔬菜，与人类健康息息相关。生姜消费结构以鲜食为主，占70％左右，已逐渐从调味品、佐料变成人们日益喜爱的主食蔬菜之一，自2008年来，我国生姜种植面积与产量平均每年以4.6％左右递增。姜为无性繁殖作物，营养繁殖容易发生“姜瘟病”等病害，直接造成减产20％-30％，重病区域损失高达70％，严重影响着我市生姜的产业化发展，“姜瘟病”已成为生姜产业化发展的主要制约因子。脱毒种姜具有品种纯正、复壮、不携带病原等特性，因此脱毒姜种能有效预防“姜瘟病”爆发，使生姜单产提高40％以上，亩产达4500公斤，亩收益达15000元。脱毒种姜繁育技术需经三级繁育，首先建立试管苗(原原种)繁育技术，繁育微型脱毒种姜称为一级种；在一级种基础上建立原种繁育技术，繁育原种称为二级种；在二级种基础上建立生产种繁育技术，繁育生产种为三级种。Ginger is the most important spicy vegetable with the same source of medicine and food in the world, and it is closely related to human health. The consumption structure of ginger is dominated by fresh food, accounting for about 70%. It has gradually changed from condiment and condiment to one of the staple vegetables that people love more and more. Since 2008, the planting area and output of ginger in my country have increased by an average of about 4.6% per year. . Ginger is a vegetatively propagated crop, and vegetative propagation is prone to diseases such as "ginger blast", which directly leads to a 20%-30% reduction in production, and a loss of up to 70% in severely diseased areas, seriously affecting the industrialization of ginger in our city. "Ginger blast" has become The main restrictive factors for the development of ginger industrialization. The virus-free ginger has the characteristics of pure variety, rejuvenation, and no pathogens. Therefore, the virus-free ginger can effectively prevent the outbreak of "ginger blast", increase the yield of ginger by more than 40%, reach 4,500 kg per mu, and earn 15,000 yuan per mu. The breeding technology of virus-free ginger needs three levels of breeding. First, the breeding technology of test-tube seedlings (original species) is established. Breeding miniature virus-free ginger is called the first-level species; The species is called the second-class species; on the basis of the second-class species, the breeding technology of the production species is established, and the breeding and production species are the third-level species.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种脱毒生姜试管苗宽窄行栽培方法，能提高微型姜球产量。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a method for cultivating virus-free ginger test-tube seedlings in wide and narrow rows, which can increase the yield of miniature ginger balls.
其技术方案如下：Its technical scheme is as follows:
一种脱毒生姜试管苗宽窄行栽培方法，包括以下步骤：A method for cultivating virus-free ginger test-tube seedlings in wide and narrow rows, comprising the following steps:
1)选地，整地1) land selection, land preparation
选择pH5.3-pH7的微酸性、地势较高、土质疏松肥沃、土层深厚、能排能灌的壤土或砂壤土地块，整地程序为：拖拉机翻地深度达40厘米，然后施加底肥，底肥用量为亩施农家肥400千克，农家肥为猪粪、鸡粪、鸭粪；油枯150千克，硫酸钾15千克，复合肥50千克，施加底肥同时，以每平米加50克硫磺粉土壤消毒，亩施硫磺粉33千克，硫磺粉与细土混匀后均匀撒在土壤之中，拖拉机旋耕，耙平，土地平整后开厢，厢面宽6米，排水沟深50厘米，宽40厘米，然后用有效成份48％毒死蜱稀释1000倍喷雾；Choose loam or sandy loam plots with slightly acidic pH5.3-pH7, high terrain, loose and fertile soil, deep soil layer, drainage and irrigation. The amount of base fertilizer is 400 kg of farmyard manure per mu, and the farmyard manure is pig manure, chicken manure, duck manure; 150 kg of oil, 15 kg of potassium sulfate, and 50 kg of compound fertilizer. Disinfection, apply 33 kg of sulfur powder per mu, mix the sulfur powder with fine soil and sprinkle evenly in the soil, use a tractor to rotavage, rake and level, open the compartment after the land is leveled, the compartment surface is 6 meters wide, the drainage ditch is 50 centimeters deep, and the 40 cm, and then sprayed with 1000 times diluted active ingredient 48% chlorpyrifos;
2)试管苗准备2) Test-tube seedling preparation
试管苗移栽到穴盘时间为2月下旬或3月上旬，穴盘苗定植时间为4月初，脱毒试管苗温室移栽40天后即可定植，苗高12厘米，植株茎杆大小0.35厘米，叶面长度12厘米；The time for transplanting the test tube seedlings to the hole tray is late February or early March, and the time for planting the hole tray seedlings is early April. The virus-free test tube seedlings can be planted after 40 days of transplanting in the greenhouse. The height of the seedlings is 12 cm, and the size of the plant stem is 0.35 cm. , the leaf length is 12 cm;
3)定植3) Colonization
按宽窄行定植，宽行45厘米，窄行30厘米，株距20厘米定植，用起垄机开沟，亩定植8893株，除去排水系统，亩定植8000株，定植时应每1.5米挖一条宽20厘米，深30厘米水沟，定植完后浇透定根水；Plant in wide and narrow rows, 45 cm in wide row, 30 cm in narrow row, and plant at a distance of 20 cm. Ditch with a ridging machine. Plant 8893 plants per mu. Remove the drainage system and plant 8000 plants per mu. When planting, you should dig a wide row every 1.5 meters. 20 centimeters, 30 centimeters deep water ditch, after planting, water the fixed root water thoroughly;
4)中耕除草4) Cultivation and weeding
栽培一月以后，使用有效成份10.8％的盖草能稀释1000倍去除禾本科杂草及阔叶杂草，宽行利用有效含量20％六氟丙氧乙酸稀释1000倍去除空心莲子草，其它杂草人工去除，定植2个月后，进行第一次追肥，亩施25公斤复合肥，将复合肥放在宽行，距植株10厘米，追肥后进行培土，培土高度5厘米，原则是覆盖追肥、利于宽行疏水；After one month of cultivation, the use of 10.8% effective content of grass can be diluted 1000 times to remove grass and broad-leaved weeds, and the effective content of 20% hexafluoropropoxyacetic acid can be diluted 1000 times to remove hollow lotus and other weeds. The grass is manually removed. After 2 months of planting, the first topdressing is carried out. Apply 25 kg of compound fertilizer per mu. Put the compound fertilizer in a wide row, 10 cm away from the plant. , conducive to wide row hydrophobic;
5)肥料管理5) Fertilizer management
生姜生长过程需大量有机肥，有机肥结合整地施到土壤中，亩施农家肥(猪粪、鸡粪、鸭粪)400千克，油枯150千克，硫酸钾15千克，复合肥50千克，结合植株长势情况进行追肥，结合培土每亩施复合肥20-25千克，硫酸钾20-25千克，硫酸镁3-5千克，硫酸锌1-2千克，硼酸0.5-1千克；The growth process of ginger requires a lot of organic fertilizers, organic fertilizers are combined with site preparation and applied to the soil, 400 kg of farmyard manure (pig manure, chicken manure, duck manure) per mu, 150 kg of oil, 15 kg of potassium sulfate, and 50 kg of compound fertilizer. Topdressing is carried out according to the growth condition of the plants, and compound fertilizer is applied per acre with 20-25 kg of compound fertilizer, 20-25 kg of potassium sulfate, 3-5 kg of magnesium sulfate, 1-2 kg of zinc sulfate, and 0.5-1 kg of boric acid;
追肥：在6月末7月初，块茎形成，植株生长旺盛，结合培土，亩施复合肥20-25千克，硫酸钾20-25千克，硫酸镁3-5千克，硫酸锌1-2千克，硼酸0.5-1千克；Topdressing: At the end of June and the beginning of July, the tubers are formed and the plants grow vigorously. Combined with soil, 20-25 kg of compound fertilizer per mu, 20-25 kg of potassium sulfate, 3-5 kg of magnesium sulfate, 1-2 kg of zinc sulfate, 0.5 kg of boric acid -1 kg;
6)水分管理6) Moisture management
竹根姜根系短，遇春旱时应每间隔3-5天浇小水一次，夏季干旱时应每隔3-5天浇大水一次，块茎形成和膨大期土壤湿度应保持70-80％，此外生姜怕涝，因此大雨、暴雨过后应注意田间排水，防止形成内涝；The root system of bamboo root and ginger is short, so it should be watered once every 3-5 days when it is dry in spring, and it should be watered every 3-5 days when it is dry in summer, and the soil humidity should be kept at 70-80% during the tuber formation and expansion period , In addition, ginger is afraid of waterlogging, so after heavy rain or heavy rain, you should pay attention to field drainage to prevent waterlogging;
7)病虫害防治7) Pest control
危害竹根姜的主要虫害有根茎线虫、根蛆、地下害虫、钻心虫，因此生姜田间管理时，应每间隔10-20天用毒死蜱、高钾维、阿维菌素、高效氯氰菊酯对生姜进行虫害防治，生姜还受假单胞菌、欧文氏菌、沙雷氏杆菌、腐霉菌细菌及真菌性病害，田间管理时应每间隔10-20天用中生菌素、春雷霉素、农用链霉素对生姜进行病害防治；The main pests that harm bamboo root ginger are rhizome nematodes, root maggots, underground pests, and core borers. Therefore, when ginger is managed in the field, it should be treated with chlorpyrifos, high potassium, abamectin, and beta-cypermethrin every 10-20 days. Insect pest control, ginger is also subject to Pseudomonas, Erwinia, Serratia, Pythium bacteria and fungal diseases. During field management, Zhongshengmycin, Kasugamycin, and agricultural chain should be used every 10-20 days. Mycin is used for disease control of ginger;
8)收获8) Harvest
生姜地上茎段不耐低温，温度低于15度以下后会自然枯黄、倒伏，立冬以后，若遇连续阴雨，地下姜块含水量增加，储藏时易腐烂；因此，立冬以前务必将原原种生姜采收完全，储藏；储藏前，姜块应用百菌清消毒。The aboveground stems of ginger are not resistant to low temperature, and will naturally wither and turn yellow when the temperature is below 15 degrees. Harvest completely and store; before storage, ginger should be sterilized with chlorothalonil.
本发明的有益效果：本发明的技术方案可使脱毒种姜一级种繁育的产量提高20％-30％，大大提高一级种繁育率，增加了姜农效益。脱毒生姜宽窄行栽培与平均行距栽培的优势为如下几个方面：1、土地深翻，土地深翻达40厘米以上保障土壤疏松，透气性好，并可提高蓄水、保水肥能力。3、宽窄行(45cm×30cm)增加通风透光。4、种苗长势旺盛，进入9月后，宽窄行生姜进入快速生长，植株发育高度明显增加，高度增加率达69.5％；叶育长度明显增加，长度增加率达36.7％；叶发育宽度明显增加，增加率达19.9％，植株拔出后，根系发育明显增长，长度增加17.6％。5、通过药剂防治线虫、地下害虫、钻心虫、小老虎等危害生姜害虫，通过各种杀菌剂对“姜瘟病”、“纹枯病”、叶片斑点病等生姜病害进行防治，发现病株及时清除。进行科学、有效的田间管理。6、收获、储藏时作好杀菌、防虫工作。7、可提高脱毒生姜繁育量，单株产量提高10％以上。Beneficial effects of the present invention: the technical scheme of the present invention can increase the yield of first-class species of detoxified ginger by 20%-30%, greatly improve the breeding rate of first-class species, and increase the benefits of ginger farmers. The advantages of wide and narrow row cultivation and average row spacing cultivation of detoxified ginger are as follows: 1. Deep plowing of the land. The deep plowing of the land is more than 40 cm to ensure loose soil, good air permeability, and improve water storage, water retention and fertilizer capacity. 3. Wide and narrow rows (45cm×30cm) increase ventilation and light transmission. 4. The seedlings are growing vigorously. After September, the wide and narrow rows of ginger will start to grow rapidly, and the height of the plants will increase significantly, with a height increase rate of 69.5%. The length of the leaves will increase significantly, with a length increase rate of 36.7%. The width of the leaves will increase significantly. , the increase rate reached 19.9%, and after the plant was pulled out, the root development increased significantly, and the length increased by 17.6%. 5. Use chemicals to control nematodes, underground pests, borers, small tigers and other harmful ginger pests, and use various fungicides to control ginger diseases such as "ginger blast", "sheath blight", and leaf spot disease. Diseased plants are found in time clear. Carry out scientific and effective field management. 6. Sterilize and prevent insects when harvesting and storing. 7. It can increase the breeding capacity of virus-free ginger, and the yield per plant can be increased by more than 10%.
附图说明Description of drawings
图示为本发明脱毒生姜试管苗(原原种)栽培示意图，其中图1为宽窄行栽培示意图；图2平均行距示意图。Illustrated is a schematic diagram of cultivation of detoxified ginger test-tube seedlings (original species) of the present invention, wherein Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of cultivation in wide and narrow rows; Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of average row spacing.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案作进一步详细地说明。The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
一种脱毒生姜试管苗宽窄行栽培方法，包括以下步骤：A method for cultivating virus-free ginger test-tube seedlings in wide and narrow rows, comprising the following steps:
1)选地，整地1) land selection, land preparation
选择pH5.3-pH7的微酸性、地势较高、土质疏松肥沃、土层深厚、能排能灌的壤土或砂壤土地块，整地程序为：拖拉机翻地深度达40厘米，然后施加底肥，底肥用量为亩施农家肥400千克，农家肥为猪粪、鸡粪、鸭粪；油枯150千克，硫酸钾15千克，复合肥50千克，施加底肥同时，以每平米加50克硫磺粉土壤消毒，亩施硫磺粉33千克，硫磺粉与细土混匀后均匀撒在土壤之中，拖拉机旋耕，耙平，土地平整后开厢，厢面宽6米，排水沟深50厘米，宽40厘米，然后用有效成份48％毒死蜱稀释1000倍喷雾；Choose loam or sandy loam plots with slightly acidic pH5.3-pH7, high terrain, loose and fertile soil, deep soil layer, drainage and irrigation. The amount of base fertilizer is 400 kg of farmyard manure per mu, and the farmyard manure is pig manure, chicken manure, duck manure; 150 kg of oil, 15 kg of potassium sulfate, and 50 kg of compound fertilizer. Disinfection, apply 33 kg of sulfur powder per mu, mix the sulfur powder with fine soil and sprinkle evenly in the soil, use a tractor to rotavage, rake and level, open the compartment after the land is leveled, the compartment surface is 6 meters wide, the drainage ditch is 50 centimeters deep, and the 40 cm, and then sprayed with 1000 times diluted active ingredient 48% chlorpyrifos;
2)试管苗准备2) Test-tube seedling preparation
试管苗移栽到穴盘时间为2月下旬或3月上旬，穴盘苗定植时间为4月初，脱毒试管苗温室移栽40天后即可定植，苗高12厘米，植株茎杆大小0.35厘米，叶面长度12厘米；The time for transplanting the test tube seedlings to the hole tray is late February or early March, and the time for planting the hole tray seedlings is early April. The virus-free test tube seedlings can be planted after 40 days of transplanting in the greenhouse. The height of the seedlings is 12 cm, and the size of the plant stem is 0.35 cm. , the leaf length is 12 cm;
3)定植3) Colonization
按宽窄行定植，宽行45厘米，窄行30厘米，株距20厘米定植，用起垄机开沟，亩定植8893株，除去排水系统，亩定植8000株，定植时应每1.5米挖一条宽20厘米，深30厘米水沟，定植完后浇透定根水；Plant in wide and narrow rows, 45 cm in wide row, 30 cm in narrow row, and plant at a distance of 20 cm. Ditch with a ridging machine. Plant 8893 plants per mu. Remove the drainage system and plant 8000 plants per mu. When planting, you should dig a wide row every 1.5 meters. 20 centimeters, 30 centimeters deep water ditch, after planting, water the fixed root water thoroughly;
4)中耕除草4) Cultivation and weeding
栽培一月以后，使用有效成份10.8％的盖草能稀释1000倍去除禾本科杂草及阔叶杂草，宽行利用有效含量20％六氟丙氧乙酸稀释1000倍去除空心莲子草，其它杂草人工去除，定植2个月后，进行第一次追肥，亩施25公斤复合肥，将复合肥放在宽行，距植株10厘米，追肥后进行培土，培土高度5厘米，原则是覆盖追肥、利于宽行疏水；After one month of cultivation, the use of 10.8% effective content of grass can be diluted 1000 times to remove grass and broad-leaved weeds, and the effective content of 20% hexafluoropropoxyacetic acid can be diluted 1000 times to remove hollow lotus and other weeds. The grass is manually removed. After 2 months of planting, the first topdressing is carried out. Apply 25 kg of compound fertilizer per mu. Put the compound fertilizer in a wide row, 10 cm away from the plant. , conducive to wide row hydrophobic;
5)肥料管理5) Fertilizer management
生姜生长过程需大量有机肥，有机肥结合整地施到土壤中，亩施农家肥(猪粪、鸡粪、鸭粪)400千克，油枯150千克，硫酸钾15千克，复合肥50千克，结合植株长势情况进行追肥，结合培土每亩施复合肥20-25千克，硫酸钾20-25千克，硫酸镁3-5千克，硫酸锌1-2千克，硼酸0.5-1千克；The growth process of ginger requires a lot of organic fertilizers, organic fertilizers are combined with site preparation and applied to the soil, 400 kg of farmyard manure (pig manure, chicken manure, duck manure) per mu, 150 kg of oil, 15 kg of potassium sulfate, and 50 kg of compound fertilizer. Topdressing is carried out according to the growth condition of the plants, and compound fertilizer is applied per acre with 20-25 kg of compound fertilizer, 20-25 kg of potassium sulfate, 3-5 kg of magnesium sulfate, 1-2 kg of zinc sulfate, and 0.5-1 kg of boric acid;
追肥：在6月末7月初，块茎形成，植株生长旺盛，结合培土，亩施复合肥20-25千克，硫酸钾20-25千克，硫酸镁3-5千克，硫酸锌1-2千克，硼酸0.5-1千克；Topdressing: At the end of June and the beginning of July, the tubers are formed and the plants grow vigorously. Combined with soil, 20-25 kg of compound fertilizer per mu, 20-25 kg of potassium sulfate, 3-5 kg of magnesium sulfate, 1-2 kg of zinc sulfate, 0.5 kg of boric acid -1 kg;
6)水分管理6) Moisture management
竹根姜根系短，遇春旱时应每间隔3-5天浇小水一次，夏季干旱时应每隔3-5天浇大水一次，块茎形成和膨大期土壤湿度应保持70-80％，此外生姜怕涝，因此大雨、暴雨过后应注意田间排水，防止形成内涝；The root system of bamboo root and ginger is short, so it should be watered every 3-5 days in case of spring drought, and it should be watered every 3-5 days in summer drought, and the soil humidity should be kept at 70-80% during the tuber formation and expansion period , In addition, ginger is afraid of waterlogging, so after heavy rain or heavy rain, you should pay attention to field drainage to prevent waterlogging;
7)病虫害防治7) Pest control
危害竹根姜的主要虫害有根茎线虫、根蛆、地下害虫、钻心虫，因此生姜田间管理时，应每间隔10-20天用毒死蜱、高钾维、阿维菌素、高效氯氰菊酯对生姜进行虫害防治，生姜还受假单胞菌、欧文氏菌、沙雷氏杆菌、腐霉菌细菌及真菌性病害，田间管理时应每间隔10-20天用中生菌素、春雷霉素、农用链霉素对生姜进行病害防治；The main pests that harm bamboo root ginger are rhizome nematodes, root maggots, underground pests, and core borers. Therefore, when ginger is managed in the field, it should be treated with chlorpyrifos, high potassium, abamectin, and beta-cypermethrin every 10-20 days. Insect pest control, ginger is also subject to Pseudomonas, Erwinia, Serratia, Pythium bacteria and fungal diseases. During field management, Zhongshengmycin, Kasugamycin, and agricultural chain should be used every 10-20 days. Mycin is used for disease control of ginger;
8)收获8) Harvest
生姜地上茎段不耐低温，温度低于15度以下后会自然枯黄、倒伏，立冬以后，若遇连续阴雨，地下姜块含水量增加，储藏时易腐烂；因此，立冬以前务必将原原种生姜采收完全，储藏；储藏前，姜块应用百菌清消毒。The aboveground stems of ginger are not resistant to low temperature, and will naturally wither and turn yellow when the temperature is below 15 degrees. Harvest completely and store; before storage, ginger should be sterilized with chlorothalonil.
以上所述，仅为本发明最佳实施方式，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内，可显而易见地得到的技术方案的简单变化或等效替换均落入本发明的保护范围内。The above is only the best implementation mode of the present invention, any simple changes or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions that can be clearly obtained by any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention all fall into the scope of the present invention within the scope of protection.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410180780.2A CN103931404B (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2014-04-30 | A kind of detoxification Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens test tube width of seedling shoot narrow-row method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410180780.2A CN103931404B (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2014-04-30 | A kind of detoxification Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens test tube width of seedling shoot narrow-row method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103931404A CN103931404A (en) | 2014-07-23 |
| CN103931404B true CN103931404B (en) | 2016-07-06 |
Family
ID=51179495
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410180780.2A Expired - Fee Related CN103931404B (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2014-04-30 | A kind of detoxification Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens test tube width of seedling shoot narrow-row method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103931404B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104585028B (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2018-12-18 | 重庆市天沛农业科技有限公司 | The method for improving bamboo root Jiang Zupei proliferation strong sprout |
| US10021879B2 (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2018-07-17 | Honeywell International Inc. | Fumigant compositions and methods based on hexafluoropropylene oxide (HFPO) |
| CN112931114A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-06-11 | 永州职业技术学院 | High-yield and high-efficiency cultivation method for original ginger |
| CN115868378A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2023-03-31 | 一禾亿株生物种业(深圳)有限公司 | Selenium-rich ginger planting method based on activated soil |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101288371A (en) * | 2008-06-16 | 2008-10-22 | 成都鼎润生物科技有限公司 | Curcuma high-yield culture technique |
| CN102972185A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2013-03-20 | 农定霖 | Field culture method for detoxification ginger tissue culture seedlings |
| CN103222386A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-07-31 | 孙玉珂 | Ginger large-small row dual-bud cultivation method |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005204619A (en) * | 2004-01-26 | 2005-08-04 | Makoto Fukuda | Method for producing new ginger and new ginger |
-
2014
- 2014-04-30 CN CN201410180780.2A patent/CN103931404B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101288371A (en) * | 2008-06-16 | 2008-10-22 | 成都鼎润生物科技有限公司 | Curcuma high-yield culture technique |
| CN102972185A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2013-03-20 | 农定霖 | Field culture method for detoxification ginger tissue culture seedlings |
| CN103222386A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-07-31 | 孙玉珂 | Ginger large-small row dual-bud cultivation method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| "生姜原原种标准化设施培育技术";刘奕清等;《北方园艺》;20101231(第8期);第40-41页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103931404A (en) | 2014-07-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105145261B (en) | A kind of cultural method of fertile mandarin orange | |
| CN102742442A (en) | Wild pinellia ternate cultivation method | |
| CN105875128A (en) | Planting method of Chinese prickly ash | |
| CN104904541A (en) | Star anise tree planting method promoting high yield | |
| CN104160852A (en) | Labiate purple perilla cultivating method | |
| CN102860197A (en) | Method for planting Xinjiang rosa rugosa thunb | |
| CN104686272B (en) | Stock hardwood cutting propagation method for Chinese cherry | |
| CN103141288B (en) | Cultivation method of sugarcane interplanting fritillaria in Nantong area | |
| CN106416888A (en) | Planting method for organic tea intercropping | |
| CN109220465A (en) | A kind of cultivation and pruning method of Chinese pricklyash | |
| CN104272948A (en) | Ecological cultivation method of mock strawberry | |
| CN102577820A (en) | Cuttage raising method for Cercis chinensis | |
| CN104025835A (en) | Clean and efficient culture technology for strawberry and water spinach crop rotation | |
| CN105993816B (en) | Cultivation method for interplanting ginkgo biloba and pinellia ternata | |
| CN105794584A (en) | Potted fruit tree, soft-seed pomegranate and chrysanthemum three-crop interplanting method in greenhouse planting | |
| CN105746323A (en) | Soilless culture method of organic cucurbita pepo L. | |
| CN106171389A (en) | A kind of 1 year agricultural climate condition for corn method of sylvan life konjac seed | |
| CN106538223A (en) | A kind of method for non-polluted cultivation of quintessence oil Flos Rosae Rugosae | |
| CN103931404B (en) | A kind of detoxification Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens test tube width of seedling shoot narrow-row method | |
| CN106358633A (en) | Cultivation method for oil peony capable of producing selenium-enriched peony seed oil | |
| CN106922359B (en) | A kind of method that utilizes exogenous melatonin to improve stevioside content | |
| CN103931406B (en) | Bamboo root Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens mechanized cultivation technology | |
| CN114793810A (en) | Planting method of cigar wrapper tobacco leaves | |
| CN103988656A (en) | Radix pseudostellariae cultivation method | |
| CN114586628A (en) | Green high-yield cultivation method for lily |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Huang Ke Inventor after: Liu Yiqing Inventor after: Lei Guichun Inventor after: Zou Yong Inventor after: Sun Xiangcheng Inventor after: He Guangming Inventor after: Li Honghai Inventor after: Huang Dengyan Inventor after: Yuan Haiying Inventor before: Huang Ke Inventor before: Liu Yiqing Inventor before: Lei Guichun Inventor before: Zou Yong Inventor before: Sun Xiangcheng Inventor before: He Guangming Inventor before: Li Honghai |
|
| COR | Change of bibliographic data | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20160823 Address after: 402160, Honghe Road, Shuang Zhu Town, Yongchuan District, Chongqing, 319 Patentee after: Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences Patentee after: CHONGQING TIANPEI AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Address before: 402160, Honghe Road, Shuang Zhu Town, Yongchuan District, Chongqing, 319 Patentee before: Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences |
|
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20180425 Address after: 402168 Chongqing Yongchuan District double bamboo town Co-patentee after: CHONGQING TIANPEI AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Patentee after: Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences Co-patentee after: Chongqing Yuang Chuang Chuang Chuang Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. Address before: 402160 319 Honghe Road, Shuang Zhu Town, Yongchuan District, Chongqing Co-patentee before: CHONGQING TIANPEI AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Patentee before: Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20160706 Termination date: 20200430 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |