CN103828618B - A kind of method of utilizing AMF to improve wheat growth and drought-resistant ability - Google Patents
A kind of method of utilizing AMF to improve wheat growth and drought-resistant ability Download PDFInfo
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- CN103828618B CN103828618B CN201410115596.XA CN201410115596A CN103828618B CN 103828618 B CN103828618 B CN 103828618B CN 201410115596 A CN201410115596 A CN 201410115596A CN 103828618 B CN103828618 B CN 103828618B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of AMF that utilizes and effectively improve the drought-resistant ability of wheat and the method for output, with rationally, bring into play efficiently the mutualistic symbiosis relation of AM fungi and host plant under drought stress. The method is selectively utilized the AMF that has close symbiosis with wheat, and by condition control mode, sets up the symbiosis of AMF and wheat, and wheat growth-promoting, improves drought adaptability. Does the AM fungi that the method is used comprise the mould (Glomus of monospore sacculus? or light wall Acaulospora (Acaulospora monosporum)? laevis) one in, utilize red clover to expand respectively numerous two kinds of AM fungies in the numerous matrix of expansion, then two kinds of AMF Inoculants are cultivated in symbiotic culture medium matter altogether with wheat respectively, the effective way that improves AM fungi and host's useful symbiosis under adverse environmental factor is provided, improve the infect symbiosis of AM fungi to host plant by artificial mode, improved dry crop output.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the application technology of Agro-ecology microorganism, be specifically related to utilize with plant there is close symbiosis passThe AMF of system, sets up mutualism relation to improve the method for wheat yield and drought-resistant ability by common cultivation.
Background technology
Wheat is one of staple food crop of the mankind, and 70% wheat planting area distributions is at arid and semi-arid in the worldArea, arid becomes the greatest factor of its output of restriction. Development irrigation technology can effectively be alleviated arid and threaten, but lightShortage of water resources is a global problem; Although transgenic technology can improve the drought resistance of crop to a certain extent,Be to proceed to when anti-drought gene improves crop drought resistance not necessarily to improve output, also there is dispute in this technology in addition, still notCan be subject to the whole people accepts; And improvement farming measures, the such as drought resistance tillage method such as conservation tillage, ground covering, alsoCan not tackle the problem at its root.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of drought-resistant ability that AMF effectively improves wheat and output utilizedMethod, with rationally, bring into play efficiently the mutualistic symbiosis relation of AM fungi and host plant under drought stress.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a kind of method of utilizing AMF to improve wheat growth and drought-resistant ability,The method is selectively utilized the AMF that has close symbiosis with wheat, and by condition control mode, sets upThe symbiosis of AMF and wheat, wheat growth-promoting, improves drought adaptability. Then further by control water placeReason, the impact of research AMF on host's arid adaptibility to response. The method comprises the steps:
The acquisition of A, mycorrhizal fungi Inoculant
AM fungi comprises monospore sacculus mould (Glomusmonosporum) or light wall Acaulospora (AcaulosporaLaevis) one in,
Utilize red clover to expand respectively numerous two kinds of AM fungies in the numerous matrix of expansion, inoculum concentration is calculated as and expands numerous base with weight ratio3% ~ 5% of matter, finally obtains mycorrhizal fungi Inoculant, and it contains 50 ~ 80 spore/10g dry ground and the inside and outside mycelia of root and invadesDye root segment; Expanding numerous matrix is that after river sand mixes according to the mass ratio of 1:1 with soil, sterilizing is used;
B, co-incubation
Two kinds of arbuscular mycorrhiza mycorrhizal fungi Inoculants are cultivated in symbiotic culture medium matter altogether with wheat respectively, and symbiosis is cultivatedMatrix is that after vermiculite and Nutrition Soil mix according to the volume ratio of 1:1, sterilizing is used, and the field capacity of this culture matrix is39.2%。
Preferably, the symbiotic culture medium matter in the numerous matrix of expansion and the step B in described steps A is gone out under 160 DEG C of high temperatureBacterium 4 hours.
Preferably, described step B vaccination ways and inoculum concentration are to be laid in soil layer according to the mycorrhiza fungi Inoculant of 10g/ basinBelow 5cm.
The two strain AM fungies that the present invention uses are purchased from University of West Australia natural agriculture section department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences's earth and Environmental Studies Institute, this two strainBacterium is all preserved in University of West Australia DSMZ, and wherein monospore sacculus mould (Glomusmonosporum) preserving number isWUM11, light wall Acaulospora (Acaulosporalaevis) preserving number is Sunsex.
The present invention adopts AM fungi and the useful symbiosis technology of plant, for improve dry crop output provide one take into account throughThe new way of Ji and environmental ecological benefit. Although between AM fungi and plant, there is no strict host specificity, differentAM fungi has certain Preference to host plant.
The inventive method is based upon on the mutualistic symbiosis relation between wheat and AM fungi, by screening, wheat is had to oneDetermine the AM fungi of Preference, and utilize rational matrix and cultivation mode acquisition to comprise connecing of AM fungal spore, root segment and myceliaPlant thing, together with inoculum is embedded in jointly with wheat, build Mycorrhizal good stand, by separating two from wheat rhizosphere soilStrain AM fungi, the Preference relation of excavation AM fungi and specific host, provides raising AM fungi and host under adverse environmental factorThe effective way of useful symbiosis, improves the infect symbiosis of AM fungi to host plant by artificial mode, has improved nonirrigated farmlandCrop yield.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. all there is higher Mycorrhizal Infection Incidence by detecting two kinds of AM fungies under adequate water supply condition, show that the present invention selectsWith two kinds of AM fungies wheat is had to higher Preference;
2. two kinds of AM fungal inoculas, no matter under adequate water supply or severe drought condition, all can effectively promote wheatGrowth, two kinds of heavy control groups that do not connect AM fungi that are all significantly higher than of mycorrhizal plants plant height, Aboveground Biomass of Young and fringe. Show to connectPlant AM fungi energy wheat growth-promoting, contribute to improve the drought adaptability of host plant. Especially under coercing, low moisture also canImprove the drought-resistant ability of host plant.
3. under adequate water supply and drought stress condition, the photosynthetic rate of inoculating two kinds mycorrhizal fungi wheat respectively higher thanThe control group of considerable moisture processing. Show that AM fungi increases organic long-pending by improving host plant Photosynthetic RateTired, thus Aboveground Biomass of Young and output improved. Under Severe Drought Stress, AM fungi affects leaf abscission acid (ABA)Content reduces moisture loss, reduces cell membrane damage etc., makes host plant under Extreme drought condition, still keeps certain growthCharacteristic, promotes ultimate output to form.
4. the present invention adopts the method for the AM fungi Inoculant raising drought resistance of wheat of Host Dependence, also can be by AMFungal inoculant is produced for field with the method for seed dressing.
The inventive method successful, simple and practical, environmental protection.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that a kind of AMF improves Wheat Drought ability.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment and detailed description of the invention, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
Using monospore sacculus mould (Glomusmonosporum) as fungal inocula, employing diameter is 21cm, high 16cmPlastic tub is as culture vessel.
A, experiment are processed
Taking hexaploid wheat cv.L8275 as host plant. Select full, homogeneous, healthy wheat seed, adopt concentrationBe 0.1% clorox sterilization 2min, then clean up with distilled water.
Taking the mixture of vermiculite and Nutrition Soil (volume ratio of vermiculite and Nutrition Soil is as 1:1) as cultivation matrix (this matrixField capacity is 39.2%), wherein vermiculite and Nutrition Soil are bought in market.
Before inoculation, matrix used is carried out to 160 DEG C of hot air sterilization 4h, naturally after cooling, pack into the sterilizing of pasteurization liquidCulture vessel in, when sowing, every basin first fills 3kg sterilization matrix, then the fungal inocula of 10g/ basin is laid in to soil layer 5cmBelow, the inoculum of 10g sterilizing is put in contrast, control group and connect each 12 basins of processing of bacterium embodiment group. Every basin sow respectively 14 littleWheat seeds seed, final singling after emerging 1 week, retains 10 strains/basin. Experimental session, adopts natural lighting, in rain shade, carries out. Experiment periodsBetween water as required, at after planting 40 days, 60 days respectively give every basin water execute 100ml nutrient solution (NH4NO3:5.415g/L,KH2PO4:2.32g/L)。
Embodiment 2
Experiment processing mode and embodiment 1 operate identical, and difference from Example 1 is to make use light wall Acaulospora(Acaulosporalaevis) as mycorrhizal fungi Inoculant.
Effect of inoculation experiment
Gradation of moisture control in experiment and time refer to that the method that utilizing in the time that boot leaf occurs weighs every day waters carries outDrought stress, wherein adequate water supply is field capacity 80%, arid is treated to 30% of field capacity.
After sampling processing specifically accuses that water finishes, experiment is processed and is divided into two groups, one group of sample analysis symbiosis, growthAnd physiological and biochemical index; Another group is recovered normal water supply, until wheat
Ripe crop.
Control group: when difference from Example 1 is to sow, every basin first fills 3kg sterilization matrix, then in each basinThe fungal inocula of 10g sterilizing (making bacterial classification inactivation) is tiled
Below soil layer 5cm, control group and connect each 12 basins of processing of bacterium embodiment group.
Carry out the effect of potted plant water control method with effective, quantitative research AM fungi raising Drought-resistance in Wheat below:
The method of utilizing weigh every day while appearance for the boot leaf of embodiment 1 and control group to water is carried out drought stress, itsMiddle adequate water supply is 80% of field capacity, and arid is treated to 30% of field capacity, and each processing 6 basins repeat. Control water is realTest after two weeks, get respectively 3 basin mensurated gas composition exchange parameters, plant height according to the arid physiological ecological measurement index of plant, leaf area,Aboveground Biomass of Young and blade physicochemical property and Mycorrhizal Infection Incidence. Remain that three of each processing repeat to recover adequate water supply untilMaturation, measures its fringe weight.
Table 1 shows embodiment 1 and control group Different treatments to Mycorrhizal Infection Incidence and wheat growth and output shapeThe impact becoming, result shows, although soil drought significantly reduces monospore sacculus mycorrhiza infection rate, Plant Height in Wheat, aerial partBiomass and fringe weight; No matter but inoculation monospore sacculus is mould under adequate water supply or drought stress condition, all can improve wheatGrowth characteristics and fringe weight, show that monospore sacculus is mould under adequate water supply and drought stress, all can wheat growth-promoting, improveWhole output. Also can say, inoculation monospore sacculus is mould by promoting wheat bulk-growth to improve its system drought-resistant ability, is conducive toOutput accumulation.
Table 2 has been listed the effect of inoculation of embodiment 2, although light wall Acaulospora does not have monospore to the Mycorrhizal Infection Incidence of wheatThe mould height of sacculus, no matter but under adequate water supply or drought stress condition, also all can improve Plant Height in Wheat, aerial part biologyAmount and fringe weight. Showing to inoculate light wall Acaulospora also can, by promoting wheat bulk-growth to improve its system drought-resistant ability, haveBe beneficial to output accumulation.
The impact of the Different treatments that table 3 shows embodiment 1 and control group on wheat physiological and biochemical index: in aridUnder adequate water supply condition, mould equal Net Photosynthetic Rate and the WUEL that can significantly improve wheat of inoculation monospore sacculus(Wateruseefficiency, WUE). Meanwhile, inoculation monospore sacculus is mould can also regulate host's blade ABA(ABA contentHeight has the plant senesecence of promotion, regulates the functions such as pore behavior), (mda content is higher, shows that plant is damaged by arid for MDAThe degree of evil is larger) and the containing of proline (proline is a biochemical indicator of plant stress-resistance, and content is lower under normal circumstances)Amount, thereby cell drought resistance and growth vigor when raising Wheat Drought is coerced.
The impact of the Different treatments that table 4 shows embodiment 2 and control group on wheat physiological and biochemical index: inoculation lightWall Acaulospora also all can significantly improve Net Photosynthetic Rate and the WUE of wheat under arid and adequate water supply condition, adjusting hostThe content of blade ABA, MDA and proline, cell drought resistance and growth vigor while coercing to improve Wheat Drought.
WithDrought resisting, the growth promotion experimental result of two kinds of AMFs of upper the present invention to wheat shows:
1, the mould and light wall Acaulospora of monospore sacculus all has Preference to wheat, but monospore sacculus mould with wheat mutuallyProfit symbiosis is more close;
2, two kinds of AM fungies provided by the invention all can be improved wheat growth and fringe output under drought stress. By two kindsAfter the commercialization of AM fungi, being applied to dry land wheat, is a kind of ecological, environmental protective method that improves wheat yield;
3, under drought stress, Mycorrhizal Symbiosis improves the mechanism of host plant drought resistance: Mycorrhizal Symbiosis is on the one hand by carryingThe absorption of high Plant To Nutrient moisture, thereby Promoting plant growth, improve the system drought-resistant ability of plant; On the other hand by adjustingRecognition capability and the physicochemical property of joint plant to Drought signal (as ABA), and reduce moisture loss, thereby raising host plantCell drought-resistant ability (referring to Fig. 1);
4, method provided by the invention has certain universality, can be applied to AMF and other micro-lifesThe applications such as soil-borne disease, improvement heavy metal pollution and the soil remediation of thing live body microbial inoculum control plant.
Claims (3)
1. utilize AMF to improve the method for wheat growth and drought-resistant ability, it is characterized in that the method comprise asLower step:
The acquisition of A, mycorrhizal fungi Inoculant
AMF comprises monospore sacculus mould (Glomusmonosporum) or light wall Acaulospora (AcaulosporaLaevis) one in,
Utilize red clover to expand respectively numerous two kinds of AMFs in the numerous matrix of expansion, it is numerous that inoculum concentration is calculated as expansion with weight ratio3%-5% of matrix, finally obtains mycorrhizal fungi Inoculant, and it contains 50-80 spore/10g dry ground and the inside and outside mycelia of rootWith infect root segment; Expanding numerous matrix is that after river sand mixes according to the mass ratio of 1:1 with soil, sterilizing is used;
B, co-incubation
Two kinds of arbuscular mycorrhiza mycorrhizal fungi Inoculants are cultivated altogether respectively in symbiotic culture medium matter to symbiotic culture medium matter with wheatFor vermiculite and Nutrition Soil mix according to the volume ratio of 1:1 after sterilizing use.
2. a kind of method of utilizing AMF to improve wheat growth and drought-resistant ability according to claim 1, itsBe characterised in that: the symbiotic culture medium matter sterilizing 4 under 160 DEG C of high temperature in the numerous matrix of expansion and step B in described steps A is littleTime.
3. a kind of method of utilizing AMF to improve wheat growth and drought-resistant ability according to claim 1 and 2,It is characterized in that: described step B vaccination ways and inoculum concentration are to be laid in symbiosis training according to the mycorrhizal fungi Inoculant of 10g/ basinSupport below matrix 5cm.
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